DOCSLIB.ORG

Asia: Earthquake & Tsunamis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Asia: Earthquake & Tsunamis ASIA: EARTHQUAKE & TSUNAMIS 11 January 2005 FOCUS ON FIELD ASSESSMENT AND COORDINATION IN INDONESIA The Federation’s mission is to improve the lives of vulnerable people by mobilising the power of humanity. It is the world’s largest humanitarian organisation and its millions of volunteers are active in over 181 countries. In Brief Revised Preliminary Appeal No. 28/2004; Operations Update no. 15; Period covered: 10-11 January 2005; Appeal coverage: 151.6% (Click here to view the provisional contributions list attached, also available on the Federation’s website). Appeal history: • Preliminary appeal launched on 26 December 2004 CHF 7,517,000 (USD 6,658,712 or EUR 4,852,932) for 6 months to assist 500,000 beneficiaries. • Disaster Relief Emergency Funds (DREF) allocated: CHF 1,000,000. • Revised Preliminary Appeal issued on 30 December 2004, for CHF 67,005,000 (USD 59,152,246 or EUR 53,439,988) for 2 million beneficiaries for 6-8 months. • The Preliminary Appeal was originally launched titled “Bay of Bengal: Earthquake and Tsunamis”. The title was subsequently changed to “Asia: Earthquake and Tsunamis” in the Revised Preliminary Appeal launched on 29 December 2004. For further information specifically related to this operation please contact: In Asia: • Indonesia: Ole J Hauge, Head of Delegation; phone: +622 1791 91 841; mobile: +628 11 824 859; fax: +622 1 79180 905; email: [email protected] and Latifur Rachman, Disaster Management Delegate; phone: +62.811.82.6624; fax: +62.217.18.0905 email: [email protected] • Thailand, Bangkok: Dr. Ian Wilderspin, Head of Disaster Risk Management Unit, phone: +662.640.8211; fax: +662.661.8220; email: [email protected] and Bekele Geleta, Head of Regional Delegation; mobile: +66 18215495; email: [email protected] In Geneva: • Iain Logan, Head of Tsunami Operations Coordination, Geneva; +41.22.730.4258, email: [email protected] (also covering Sri Lanka). • Media Department, Sian Bowen, phone: + 41.22.730.4428; email: [email protected] • Logistics Department for mobilisation of relief items, Isabelle Sechaud, logistics officer, Geneva; phone: +41.22.730.4367; email: [email protected] (for logistics operational issues) and Armen Petrosyan, logistics officer, Geneva; phone: +41.22.730.4263; email: [email protected] (for mobilisation of goods) All International Federation assistance seeks to adhere to the Code of Conduct and is committed to the Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response in delivering assistance to the most vulnerable. For support to or for further information concerning Federation programmes or operations in this or other countries, or for a full description of the national society profile, please access the Federation’s website at http://www.ifrc.org. 0068E/08.03.04 Asia: Earthquake and Tsunamis; Revised Preliminary Appeal no. 28/2004; Operations Update no. 15 2 Focus on Field Assessment and Coordination in Indonesia Background The magnitude 9.0 earthquake that struck the area off the western coast of northern Sumatra Sunday morning, 26 December 2004, at 7:59 am local time (00:59 GMT) triggered massive tidal waves, or tsunamis, that swept into coastal villages and seaside resorts. The earthquake epicentre was located at 3.30 N, 95.78E at a depth of 10 kilometres (see map above). The area is historically prone to seismic upheaval due to its location on the margins of tectonic plates, however tidal waves of this magnitude are rare, and therefore the level of preparedness was very low. Overview Latest estimated deaths are over 159,000 (this figure is now anticipated to rise to over 189,000), with over 24,000 missing. Some 2,200,000 people have been displaced while over 1,026,000 are believed to be homeless (please see the summary document available on the Federation’s Disaster Management Information System (DMIS), at https://www-secure.ifrc.org/dmis/response/dmi_respond.asp). These figures are still expected to increase. The Federation has deployed its full complement of disaster response tools in the form of Field Assessment and Coordination Teams (FACT) (refer to https://www-secure.ifrc.org/dmis/response/fact/dmi_fact.asp for details) and Emergency Response Units (ERUs) (refer to https://www-secure.ifrc.org/dmis/response/eru/dmi_eru.asp for details)in the sectors of water and sanitation, health care, aid distribution, telecommunications, and logistics/transportation, and their daily reports are now arriving, providing a valuable source of information for the ongoing Federation response, and operational adjustments. To date, about 200 technical delegates (62 in Sri Lanka, 121 in Indonesia and 9 in Maldives) from the Red Cross Red Crescent of more than 25 countries are working around the clock in Indonesia, Sri Lanka and Maldives to coordinate and deliver immediate relief assistances to the affected population. ICRC has a presence of 50 delegates and national staff in Indonesia and more than 340 delegates and national staff in Sri Lanka. A total of 47 relief flights have so far been coordinated with 15 more in the pipeline. FACT and ERU deployment in Indonesia The current operations update focusses on the work of FACT and ERU in Indonesia. 0068E/08.03.04 Asia: Earthquake and Tsunamis; Revised Preliminary Appeal no. 28/2004; Operations Update no. 15 3 Focus on Field Assessment and Coordination in Indonesia Focus on assessment in Indonesia The FACT health officer, together with a member of PMI, conducted an aerial and rapid ground assessment of Calang yesterday. The assessment was severely constrained by limited time on the ground and by poor weather conditions that delayed helicopter departure. Calang is located approximately 80 km north of Meulaboh. The town is situated on a small peninsula surrounded by the sea on three sides; it was completely vulnerable during the disaster. The destruction is almost total, with a single building left standing. A number of smaller structures on higher ground about 1 km above Calang were not damaged by the tsunami. Approximately 80 percent of the population is believed to have perished. Survivors are gathered in small groups of 50 to 100 people clustered on the hills above Calang town along the road line. There are no discrete displacement camps, and an unknown number of people are situated in areas south of Calang and others are moving north towards Lam No. The Indonesian National Army (Tentera Nasional Indonesia/TNI) is present in Calang and there are two naval barges offshore maintaining a supply line. There are several small NGOs present, and a self-deployed group of PMI volunteers from Java. These groups are clustered in tents on flat ground by the shoreline and close to the helicopter landing zone. The Calang area is congested and dirty, there is no sanitation or water supply, no electricity and only limited health services provided. Some of this information is obtained from the International Rescue Committee (IRC), who are conducting a three-day health survey in this area. The FACT team visit was brief and the initial impression was that there are hundreds of affected people, rather than thousands, although many people may have been away from Calang in outlying villages or in the countryside searching for food. IRC suggests the actual figure of affected may be approximately 2,000 to 3,000. The general condition of people seen was fairly stable. Although conditions are very basic, there is limited shelter, water, food (rice and noodles) and there is access to basic health care. There have been small local distributions of clothing. The priority focus of action now is on urgent support to the PMI team on location, provision of water and sanitation, support to the existing health structure and delivery of non-food relief items. Areas to the south, notably Krung Sabe lying 9 km away, will be further assessed. According to TNI, there are 6,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) and no assistance present. The IRC team is visiting that area today. The FACT team flew overhead and could see large groups of people congregating around several small buildings. The road back to Calang is completely destroyed and is flooded. The table below details the affected population by area as of 8 January 2005; no demographic breakdown is yet available. Location Population Missing Dead IDPs Aceh Jaya 87,624 23,530 4,120 34,079 Calang 7,300 5,700 320 8,095 Lok Kruet 18,320 1,500 0 10,277 Lagen 6,700 1,580 0 1,580 Krung Sabe 4,400 2,100 0 8,095 Panga 6,834 3,650 0 3,184 Teunom 18,350 3,000 0 7,200 (Note: These figures are estimates. Source: TNI POSKO) Disaster relief coordination is under control of TNI, set-up as a POSKO (coordination of disaster response) and located in a tent close to a helicopter landing zone. There were several sets of data presented and some conflicting figures as to actual numbers of IDPs. As yet there are no plans to relocate IDPs to a new camp. 0068E/08.03.04 Asia: Earthquake and Tsunamis; Revised Preliminary Appeal no. 28/2004; Operations Update no. 15 4 Focus on Field Assessment and Coordination in Indonesia Logistics Access to the area remains difficult, and is currently limited. By sea, the harbour is destroyed and there is no jetty. Currently there are small boats (20-MT capacity) that can travel from Banda Aceh to Calang in seven to eight hours. There is no forklift or offloading available. By air; there is no airstrip. Currently, helicopters are landing at a cleared area by the shoreline. There is significant helicopter traffic, notably from the US military. There is no road access to Calang. Fuel is scarce and controlled by TNI.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Emergency Response and Reconstruction in Acehprovince (2004-2009)
    Emergency Response and Reconstruction in AcehProvince (2004-2009) NOVEMBER 2014 OVERVIEW In the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, the U.S. government was one of the largest contributors to emergencyresponse and reconstruction efforts in Indonesia’s Aceh Province. USAID, along with other US government agencies, including the Departments ofDefense and Agriculture, provided over $400 million in emergency aidto Indonesia.In the months and years following the disaster, USAID worked with the g n o Government of Indonesia, NGOs and other development partners to rebuildthe u T h infrastructure, livelihoods, spirit, and resilienceof the province. p e s o J / EMERGENCY RESPONSE D I A S USAID/Indonesia assisted over 580,000 people impacted by the earthquake and U : o t tsunamithrough the delivery ofemergency food, hygiene kits, medical aid, and o h P psycho-social assistance. USAID also implemented programs thatprovided cash- USAID, working with the US government agencies delivered$48 million in emergency relief and for work to clean up and clear damagedinfrastructure. recovery programsto AcehProvince. Working swiftly and in cooperation with other donors and private organizations, USAID helped avert another disaster by ensuring that disaster victims and the local population had access to clean water and sanitation. RECONSTRUCTION PROGRAMS Days after emergency response efforts commenced, USAIDbegana multi-year effort with projects in various sectors that helped Aceh “build back better”. REBUILT SHELTER AND KEY INFRASTRUCTURE USAID rebuilt major infrastructure to benefit the entire Province, including F H C roads,schools, homes, and public buildings, including clinics and meeting halls. / D I A S • Road construction completed–By 2009, USAID rehabilitatedover 140 miles U : o t of the West Coast Highway from Banda Aceh to Calang heavily damaged in o h P the 2004 disaster.
    [Show full text]
  • First Capitals of Armenia and Georgia: Armawir and Armazi (Problems of Early Ethnic Associations)
    First Capitals of Armenia and Georgia: Armawir and Armazi (Problems of Early Ethnic Associations) Armen Petrosyan Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Yerevan The foundation legends of the first capitals of Armenia and Georgia – Armawir and Armazi – have several common features. A specific cult of the moon god is attested in both cities in the triadic temples along with the supreme thunder god and the sun god. The names of Armawir and Armazi may be associated with the Anatolian Arma- ‘moon (god).’ The Armenian ethnonym (exonym) Armen may also be derived from the same stem. The sacred character of cultic localities is extremely enduring. The cults were changed, but the localities kept their sacred character for millennia. At the transition to a new religious system the new cults were often simply imposed on the old ones (e.g., the old temple was renamed after a new deity, or the new temple was built on the site or near the ruins of the old one). The new deities inherited the characteristics of the old ones, or, one may say, the old cults were simply renamed, which could have been accompanied by some changes of the cult practices. Evidently, in the new system more or less comparable images were chosen to replace the old ones: similarity of functions, rituals, names, concurrence of days of cult, etc (Petrosyan 2006: 4 f.; Petrosyan 2007a: 175).1 On the other hand, in the course of religious changes, old gods often descend to the lower level of epic heroes. Thus, the heroes of the Armenian ethnogonic legends and the epic “Daredevils of Sasun” are derived from ancient local gods: e.g., Sanasar, who obtains the 1For numerous examples of preservation of pre-Urartian and Urartian holy places in medieval Armenia, see, e.g., Hmayakyan and Sanamyan 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Hendy Kusmarian
    Dihimpun dan disunting oleh Hendy Kusmarian 0 34 Zamrud Khatulistiwa Harga Rp 105.000 Penghimpun & Penyunting: Hendy Kusmarian WA 081.359.652.401 Tukar Rumah Keliling Indonesia http://abiysuryaonline.com Dipersembahkan untuk semua anak bangsa yang mencintai tanah air yang sangat indah ini Buku ini disusun menyambut Hari Ulang Tahun ke-73 Republik Indonesia di tahun 2018 ini. 300 halaman penuh foto warna tentang detil-detil geografis, sejarah, ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan pariwisata dari ke-34 provinsi Indonesia. Disusun menurut abjad mulai Aceh sampai Yogyakarta. Seluruh isi buku ini bersumber dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia di https://id.wikipedia.org Semua anak bangsa kini bisa mendapat penghasilan ekstra dari ebook ini. Dengan mempromosikan ebook ini lewat link afiliasi unik Anda, Anda akan menerima komisi 50% untuk tiap pembelian ebook ini yang Anda hasilkan. Untuk itu Anda harus lebih dulu menjadi mitra afiliasi dari Ratakan.com, yaitu Marketplace Produk Digital Indonesia. Silakan kunjungi https://www.ratakan.com untuk membuat akun Anda gratis. Setelah itu anda bisa mulai mempromosikan dan meraup komisi dari puluhan produk digital lainnya, bukan hanya ebook ini. Tolong cetak dan jilid secara khusus ebook ini demi kenyamanan Anda dalam membaca dan agar mudah dibawa-bawa dalam petualangan Anda menjelajah negeri. 1 Daftar Isi 1. Aceh ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 2. Bali ………………………………………………………………………………………………... 16 3. Banten ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 24 4. Bengkulu …………………………………………………………………………………………. 34 5. Gorontalo
    [Show full text]
  • Evacuation Shelter Building Planning for Tsunami-Prone Area; a Case Study of Meulaboh City, Indonesia
    Evacuation Shelter Building Planning for Tsunami-prone Area; a Case Study of Meulaboh City, Indonesia Amin Budiarjo March, 2006 Evacuation Shelter Building Planning for Tsunami-prone Area; a Case Study of Meulaboh City, Indonesia by Amin Budiarjo Thesis submitted to the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, Specialisation: Urban Planning Thesis Assessment Board Dr. R.V. Sliuzas (Chairman) Dr. T. de Jong (External Examiner) MSc. M. Kuffer (First Supervisor) Drs. M.C.J. Damen (Second Supervisor) INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR GEO-INFORMATION SCIENCE AND EARTH OBSERVATION ENSCHEDE, THE NETHERLANDS Disclaimer This document describes work undertaken as part of a programme of study at the International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation. All views and opinions expressed therein remain the sole responsibility of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of the institute. Abstract This research aims at developing a method to determine possible allocation of evacuation shelter buildings (ESB) using geo-information technology as a part of urban reconstruction planning in a tsunami-prone urban area; case study is of Meulaboh City, Aceh, Indonesia. Initiated by the great earthquake of Mw=9.3 in the northwest of Sumatra island, Indonesia, the devastating tsunami of December 26, 2004 has become the most important research topic in tsunami research and disaster mitigation efforts today. Disaster mitigation aspects, including minimising casualties, will be part of the reconstruction planning of the tsunami-affected areas. The main effort in minimising casualties in tsunami disaster is to evacuate people from the hazard area before tsunami strikes by means of either horizontal or vertical evacuation.
    [Show full text]
  • Use of the Two-Dose Oral Cholera Vaccine in the Context of a Major Natural Disaster
    Use of the two-dose oral cholera vaccine in the context of a major natural disaster Report of a mass vaccination campaign in Aceh Province, Indonesia, 2005 WHO/CDS/NTD/IDM/2006.1 Use of the two-dose oral cholera vaccine in the context of a major natural disaster Report of a mass vaccination campaign in Aceh Province, Indonesia, 2005 This report was prepared by the Global Task Force on Cholera Control © World Health Organization 2006 All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use.
    [Show full text]
  • Armenian Traditional Black Youths: the Earliest Sources1
    Armenian Traditional Black Youths: the 1 Earliest Sources Armen Petrosyan Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Yerevan, Armenia [email protected] In this article it is argued that the traditional figure of the Armenian folklore “black youth” is derived from the members of the war-band of the thunder god, mythological counterparts of the archaic war-bands of youths. The blackness of the youths is associated with igneous initiatory rituals. The best parallels of the Armenian heroes are found in Greece, India, and especially in Ossetia and other Caucasian traditions, where the Indo-European (particularly Alanian-Ossetian) influence is significant. In several medieval Armenian songs young heroes are referred to as t‘ux manuks ‘black youths,’ t‘ux ktriçs ‘black braves,’ or simply t‘uxs ‘blacks’ (see Mnatsakanyan 1976, which remains the best and comprehensive work on these figures, and Harutyunyan and Kalantaryan 2001, where several articles pertaining to this theme are published). Also, T‘ux manuk is the appellation of numerous ruined pilgrimage sanctuaries. A. Mnatsakanyan, the first investigator of these traditional figures, considered them in connection with the fratries of youths, whose remnants survived until medieval times (Mnatsakanyan 1976: 193 ff.).2 The study of the t‘ux manuks should be based on revelation of their specific characteristics and comparison with similar figures of other traditions. In this respect, the study of the T‘ux manuk sanctuaries and their legends 1This article represents an abridged and updated version of Petrosyan 2001. 2In Armenian folklore the figures of similar names – t‘uxs (‘blacks’) and alek manuks (‘good youths’) – figure as evil spirits (Alishan 1895: 205, 217).
    [Show full text]
  • Tsunami Mortality in Aceh Province, Indonesia Shannon Doocy,A Abdur Rofi,B Claire Moodie,C Eric Spring,C Scott Bradley,C Gilbert Burnhama & Courtland Robinson A
    Tsunami mortality in Aceh Province, Indonesia Shannon Doocy,a Abdur Rofi,b Claire Moodie,c Eric Spring,c Scott Bradley,c Gilbert Burnhama & Courtland Robinson a Objective Nine tsunami-affected districts in Aceh, Indonesia, were surveyed between February and August 2005 to characterize tsunami mortality. Methods The surveys employed a two-stage cluster methodology with probability proportional to size sampling, and encompassed 1653 tsunami-displaced households with a pre-tsunami population of 10 063 individuals. Findings Of the original pre-tsunami population, a total of 1642 people, or 17%, were reported as dead or missing in the tsunami. Crude mortality rates in the four survey areas ranged from a high of 23.6% in Aceh Jaya district on the west coast to 5.3% on the east coast. Age-specific mortality rates followed a similar pattern across the four survey areas, with the highest mortality concentrating in the youngest children (aged 0–9 years) and oldest adults (70+). The risk of mortality was significantly greater among females than males; this difference was most pronounced among individuals between ages 10 and 69 years, and diminished among younger and older age groups. Conclusion Mortality risk in the 2004 Asian tsunami varied by geographic location, age and sex. The districts of Aceh Jaya, Banda Aceh and Aceh Besar experienced the greatest mortality. Risk of death was highest among females, and among the oldest and youngest population subgroups. While the full human impact of the Asian tsunami in Aceh Province, in terms of lives lost or damaged, may never be fully measured, the resulting female deficit will likely be the tsunami’s most deeply felt and prolonged impact.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian Ocean Earthquake- Tsunami Emergency
    Indian Ocean Earthquake- Tsunami Emergency One-Year Progress Report January– December 2005 Flash Appeal ithin the days following the earthquake and tsunami disaster of 26 December 2004, Requirements UNHCR swiftly mobilized its emergency resources to provide immediate assistance (Revised March 05) W in Indonesia and Sri Lanka. Although UNHCR is not traditionally involved in natural disasters, the sheer magnitude of the devastation, the fact that UNHCR had on-the-ground Indonesia presence and emergency capacities to respond swiftly, and that many of the affected popula- US$ 59,800,000 tions are of concern to the Office, prompted a positive reply to the request by the UN Country Somalia Team for UNHCR’s involvement. UNHCR is therefore participating in an inter-agency re- US$ 1,500,000 sponse to this natural disaster on an exceptional basis. Sri Lanka US$ 15,351,540 The Flash Appeal of 6 January 2005 called for US$ 977 million to assist some 5 million af- Regional projects fected people in a 6 months’ period. UNHCR’s requirements were US$ 75.8 million for its US$ 200,000 activities in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Somalia, focusing on the delivery of non-food house- Total US$ 76,851,540 hold items, the provision of temporary family shelter, and the reconstruction of houses. The Flash Appeal came out 11 days after the devastating earthquake. Assessments con- ducted during this period were inevitably not comprehensive enough to establish global and Flash Appeal for Indian accurate needs. Also as the situation evolved, there was a recognition at an early stage that a Ocean Earthquake - Tsunami and its Mid- revision of the Appeal would be necessary.
    [Show full text]
  • Labour Migration in Armenia: Existing Trends and Policy Options
    Ministry of Labour and Social International Organization for Issues of Armenia Migration LLAABBOOUURR MMIIGGRRAATTIIOONN IINN AARRMMEENNIIAA:: EEXXIISSTTIINNGG TTRREENNDDSS AANNDD PPOOLLIICCYY OOPPTTIIOONNSS R E P O R T O N N E E D S A S S E S S M E N T O F L A B O U R M I G R A T I O N M A N A G E M E N T I N A R M E N I A The Labour Migration Management Needs Assessment was conducted within the framework of the “Technical assistance to the Armenian Government to initiate labour migration arrangements” project funded by the IOM Development Fund Alexandre Devillard International Organization for Migration Yerevan 2012 International Organization for Migration Mission in Armenia: UN House, 14 Petros Adamian Street, 1st floor, Yerevan o010, Armenia Tel.: (+374 10) 58 56 92; 58 37 86 Fax: (+374 10) 54 33 65 http://www.iom.int/armenia; http://www.iom.am UDC 331.556 (479.25) The needs assessment was conducted within the framework of the IOM Project “Technical assistance to the Armenian Government to initiate labour migration arrangements” funded by the IOM Development Fund Prepared for publication by IOM Project Development and Implementation Unit in Armenia While IOM endeavours to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the content of this report, the views, findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the IOM and its Member States. IOM does not accept any liability for any loss which may arise from the reliance on information contained in this paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Granaries in Urartu and Neighboring States and the Monumentalization
    Over the Mountains and Far Away Studies in Near Eastern history and archaeology presented to Mirjo Salvini on the occasion of his 80th birthday edited by Pavel S. Avetisyan, Roberto Dan and Yervand H. Grekyan Archaeopress Archaeology Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Summertown Pavilion 18-24 Middle Way Summertown Oxford OX2 7LG www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978-1-78491-943-6 ISBN 978-1-78491-944-3 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and authors 2019 Cover image: Mheri duṛ/Meher kapısı. General view of the ‘Gate of Ḫaldi’ (9th century BC) All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Printed in England by Oxuniprint, Oxford. This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com Contents Editorial..........................................................................................................................................................................................iv Foreword .........................................................................................................................................................................................v Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................................................vi Bīsotūn, ‘Urartians’ and ‘Armenians’ of the Achaemenid Texts, and the Origins of the Exonyms
    [Show full text]
  • Biblical Mt. Ararat: Two Identifications
    68 Armen Petrosyan: Biblical Mt. Ararat: Two Identifications Biblical Mt. Ararat: Two Identifications ARMEN PETROSYAN Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Yerevan, Armenia Abstract: The biblical Ararat, mountain of landing of Noah’s Ark has two general identifications in the Armenian Highland: Mountain of Corduena (modern Cudi dağı) and Masis (Ararat, Ağrı dağı), situated respectively in the extreme south-east and extreme north- east of modern Turkey). The ancient sources actualized the first localization. Since the 12th century the second became more and more popular. The paper deals with the myths and legends associated with those mountains and the history of identification of the biblical Ararat. Ararat, the mountain of the landing of Noah’s Ark, has been identified in various locations, but up until now two main candidates persist: the mountain of Corduena and Masis. In the Hebrew Bible (Masoretic text) the mountains are called 'Arārāṭ, in the Greek translation (Septuagint) – Ararat, in Chaldean and Syrian (Peshitta) – Qardū, in Arabic – Qarda, and in Latin – “Mountains of Armenia”. Ararat is believed to be the Greek version of Hebrew 'RRṬ, i.e. Urartu (Piotrovsky 1944: 29; 1969: 13; Inglizian 1947: 5 ff., 63 ff; Musheghyan 2003: 4 ff.: Salvini and Salvini 2003; Marinković 2012). On the other hand, Ararat is almost identical to the Armenian term Ayrarat – the name of the central province of Armenia, with Mt. Masis at its center. However, Urartu and Ayrarat are two different geographical concepts. Ayrarat is the Armenian name of the region, which in Urartian sources is referred to as the land of Etiuni or Etiuhi (in the north of Urartu).
    [Show full text]
  • Tsunami ICT Operation
    April 2005 Author: Gianluca Bruni, Chief, OMIE. Many people took part of the Tsunami emergency in Indonesia. They volunteered from all corners of the world, and within hours packed their things and flew to help people who had just faced one of the worst natural disasters ever. When asked to write a story about the ICT operation in Indonesia, I thought the best way was to use a collage of their own stories to pay a tribute to their efforts. Gianluca, 7 April 2005. Starting from scratch: ICT in Indonesia Calang, along the west coast of Aceh province in Indonesia, used to be a proud little administrative centre on a narrow stretch of land where its residents had a sea view on both sides of the town. Idyllic… until the tsunami hit on 26 December. Three waves, surging at hundreds of kilometres per hour, hit the town from both sides and literally washed it and its people away. Only the skeleton of a two-storey government building was left standing. “I was having coffee when I saw the water pull back and then the wave coming rushing in,” recalled one resident, who then scrambled up the nearby hillside as the water level rose rapidly behind him. Today, Calang’s few survivors live in tents that dot the same hillside. From there, they look over the devastated area where their homes used to be, and which has since become a hive of humanitarian activity. For WFP, the town has become a "transit point" for food from the agency’s floating warehouses, providing supplies for up to 500,000 people in need in Calang and along the west coast.
    [Show full text]