Label and the Instructions for Use
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LANTUS® (Insulin Glargine [Rdna Origin] Injection)
Rev. March 2007 Rx Only LANTUS® (insulin glargine [rDNA origin] injection) LANTUS® must NOT be diluted or mixed with any other insulin or solution. DESCRIPTION LANTUS® (insulin glargine [rDNA origin] injection) is a sterile solution of insulin glargine for use as an injection. Insulin glargine is a recombinant human insulin analog that is a long-acting (up to 24-hour duration of action), parenteral blood-glucose-lowering agent. (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY). LANTUS is produced by recombinant DNA technology utilizing a non- pathogenic laboratory strain of Escherichia coli (K12) as the production organism. Insulin glargine differs from human insulin in that the amino acid asparagine at position A21 is replaced by glycine and two arginines are added to the C-terminus of the B-chain. Chemically, it is 21A- B B Gly-30 a-L-Arg-30 b-L-Arg-human insulin and has the empirical formula C267H404N72O78S6 and a molecular weight of 6063. It has the following structural formula: LANTUS consists of insulin glargine dissolved in a clear aqueous fluid. Each milliliter of LANTUS (insulin glargine injection) contains 100 IU (3.6378 mg) insulin glargine. Inactive ingredients for the 10 mL vial are 30 mcg zinc, 2.7 mg m-cresol, 20 mg glycerol 85%, 20 mcg polysorbate 20, and water for injection. Inactive ingredients for the 3 mL cartridge are 30 mcg zinc, 2.7 mg m-cresol, 20 mg glycerol 85%, and water for injection. The pH is adjusted by addition of aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. LANTUS has a pH of approximately 4. CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY Mechanism of Action: The primary activity of insulin, including insulin glargine, is regulation of glucose metabolism. -
Insulin Aspart Sanofi, If It Is Coloured Or It Has Solid Pieces in It
ANNEX I SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1 This medicinal product is subject to additional monitoring. This will allow quick identification of new safety information. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions. See section 4.8 for how to report adverse reactions. 1. NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT Insulin aspart Sanofi 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial Insulin aspart Sanofi 100 units/ml solution for injection in cartridge Insulin aspart Sanofi 100 units/ml solution for injection in pre-filled pen 2. QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION One ml solution contains 100 units insulin aspart* (equivalent to 3.5 mg). Insulin aspart Sanofi 100 units/ml solution for injection in vial Each vial contains 10 ml equivalent to 1,000 units insulin aspart. Insulin aspart Sanofi 100 units/ml solution for injection in cartridge Each cartridge contains 3 ml equivalent to 300 units insulin aspart. Insulin aspart Sanofi 100 units/ml solution for injection in pre-filled pen Each pre-filled pen contains 3 ml equivalent to 300 units insulin aspart. Each pre-filled pen delivers 1-80 units in steps of 1 unit. *produced in Escherichia coli by recombinant DNA technology. For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1. 3. PHARMACEUTICAL FORM Solution for injection (injection). Clear, colourless, aqueous solution. 4. CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1 Therapeutic indications Insulin aspart Sanofi is indicated for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in adults, adolescents and children aged 1 year and above. 4.2 Posology and method of administration Posology The potency of insulin analogues, including insulin aspart, is expressed in units, whereas the potency of human insulin is expressed in international units. -
Performance of the Insulin-Only Ilet Bionic Pancreas and The
e118 Diabetes Care Volume 44, June 2021 Performance of the Insulin-Only Luz E. Castellanos,1 Courtney A. Balliro,1 Jordan S. Sherwood,1 Rabab Jafri,1 iLet Bionic Pancreas and the Mallory A. Hillard,1 Evelyn Greaux,1 Rajendranath Selagamsetty,2 Hui Zheng,3 Bihormonal iLet Using Firas H. El-Khatib,2 Edward R. Damiano,2,4 and Dasiglucagon in Adults With Type Steven J. Russell1 1 Diabetes in a Home-Use Setting Diabetes Care 2021;44:e118–e120 | https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1086 Reductions in blood glucose levels in with insulin lispro (Eli Lilly) or aspart (Table 1). The mean CGM glucose and people with diabetes are often achieved (Novo Nordisk), the bihormonal iLet for time in range (70–180 mg/dL) were 149 at the expense of increased hypoglyce- 7dayswithdasiglucagon(4mg/mL) ±13mg/dLand72±8%,respectively,in mia. A novel approach is to automati- and insulin lispro or aspart, or both, us- the insulin-only period, and 139 ± 11 cally deliver microdose glucagon when ing the same glucose target (110 mg/ mg/dL and 79 ± 9%, respectively, in the automation of insulin delivery alone is dL), in random order. There were no re- bihormonal period. The mean daily car- not sufficient to prevent hypoglycemia. strictions on diet or exercise. The prima- bohydrates consumed to prevent or The approach requires a bihormonal de- ry outcomes were prespecified iLet treat hypoglycemia were 16 ± 13 g and vice and a stable form of glucagon or operational thresholds. The key second- 18 ± 21 g in the insulin-only and bihor- glucagon analog. -
Diabetes Is a Disease in Which the Body's Ability to Produce Or Respond
Early Signs and Symptoms of diabetes: Early symptoms of diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, can be subtle or seemingly harmless. Over time, however, you may Diabetes is a disease in which the develop diabetes complications, even if you body’s ability to produce or respond to haven't had diabetes symptoms. In the the hormone insulin is impaired, United States alone, more than 8 million resulting in abnormal metabolism of people have undiagnosed diabetes, Treatments: carbohydrates and elevated levels of according to the American Diabetes Association. Understanding possible glucose (sugar) in the blood. • Insulin therapy diabetes symptoms can lead to early • Oral medications diagnosis and treatment and a lifetime of Diabetes can be broken down into • better health. If you're experiencing any of Diet changes two types, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 • Exercise diabetes involves the the following diabetes signs and symptoms, see your doctor. body attacking itself by The medications you take vary by mistake, this then the type of diabetes and how well the causes the body to stop making insulin. With medicine controls you blood glucose levels. Type 2 diabetes the Type 1 diabetics must have insulin. Type 2 body does not respond may or may not include insulin and may just like it should to the be controlled with diet and exercise alone. insulin the pancreas is If you notice any of these changes notify making. Your body tells the pancreas that it needs to make more insulin since the your health care provider. The earlier • insulin that is already there is not working. -
OZEMPIC (Semaglutide) Injection, for Subcutaneous Use Initial U.S
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙CONTRAINDICATIONS∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ These highlights do not include all the information needed to use Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or in patients OZEMPIC® safely and effectively. See full prescribing information with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (4). for OZEMPIC. Known hypersensitivity to OZEMPIC or any of the product components (4). OZEMPIC (semaglutide) injection, for subcutaneous use Initial U.S. Approval: 2017 ∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙ Pancreatitis: Has been reported in clinical trials. Discontinue promptly if WARNING: RISK OF THYROID C-CELL TUMORS pancreatitis is suspected. Do not restart if pancreatitis is confirmed (5.2). See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Diabetic Retinopathy Complications: Has been reported in a clinical trial. Patients with a history of diabetic retinopathy should be monitored (5.3). In rodents, semaglutide causes thyroid C-cell tumors. It is Never share an OZEMPIC pen between patients, even if the needle is unknown whether OZEMPIC causes thyroid C-cell tumors, changed (5.4). including medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), in humans as Hypoglycemia: When OZEMPIC is used with an insulin secretagogue or the human relevance of semaglutide-induced rodent thyroid C- insulin, consider lowering the dose of the secretagogue or insulin to reduce cell tumors has not been determined (5.1, 13.1). the risk of hypoglycemia (5.5). OZEMPIC is contraindicated in patients with a personal or Acute Kidney Injury: Monitor renal function in patients with renal family history of MTC or in patients with Multiple Endocrine impairment reporting severe adverse gastrointestinal reactions (5.6). Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2). -
Prediabetes: What Is It and What Can I Do?
Prediabetes: What Is It and What Can I Do? What is prediabetes? Weight loss can delay or prevent diabetes. Prediabetes is a condition that comes before Reaching a healthy weight can help you a lot. diabetes. It means your blood glucose levels are If you’re overweight, any weight loss, even higher than normal but aren’t high enough to be 7 percent of your weight (for example, losing called diabetes. about 15 pounds if you weigh 200), may lower your risk for diabetes. There are no clear symptoms of prediabetes. You can have it and not know it. If I have prediabetes, what does it mean? It means you might get type 2 diabetes soon or down the road. You are also more likely to get heart disease or have a stroke. The good news is that you can take steps to delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. How can I delay or prevent type 2 diabetes? You may be able to delay or prevent type 2 diabetes with: Daily physical activity, such as walking. Weight loss, if needed. Losing even a few pounds will help. Medication, if your doctor prescribes it. If you have prediabetes, these steps may bring your blood glucose to a normal range. But you are still at a higher risk for type 2 diabetes. Regular physical activity can delay or prevent diabetes. Being active is one of the best ways to delay or prevent type 2 diabetes. It can also lower your weight and blood pressure, and improve cholesterol levels. Ask your health care team about activities that are safe for you. -
Type 2 Diabetes Adult Outpatient Insulin Guidelines
Diabetes Coalition of California TYPE 2 DIABETES ADULT OUTPATIENT INSULIN GUIDELINES GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS Start insulin if A1C and glucose levels are above goal despite optimal use of other diabetes 6,7,8 medications. (Consider insulin as initial therapy if A1C very high, such as > 10.0%) 6,7,8 Start with BASAL INSULIN for most patients 1,6 Consider the following goals ADA A1C Goals: A1C < 7.0 for most patients A1C > 7.0 (consider 7.0-7.9) for higher risk patients 1. History of severe hypoglycemia 2. Multiple co-morbid conditions 3. Long standing diabetes 4. Limited life expectancy 5. Advanced complications or 6. Difficult to control despite use of insulin ADA Glucose Goals*: Fasting and premeal glucose < 130 Peak post-meal glucose (1-2 hours after meal) < 180 Difference between premeal and post-meal glucose < 50 *for higher risk patients individualize glucose goals in order to avoid hypoglycemia BASAL INSULIN Intermediate-acting: NPH Note: NPH insulin has elevated risk of hypoglycemia so use with extra caution6,8,15,17,25,32 Long-acting: Glargine (Lantus®) Detemir (Levemir®) 6,7,8 Basal insulin is best starting insulin choice for most patients (if fasting glucose above goal). 6,7 8 Start one of the intermediate-acting or long-acting insulins listed above. Start insulin at night. When starting basal insulin: Continue secretagogues. Continue metformin. 7,8,20,29 Note: if NPH causes nocturnal hypoglycemia, consider switching NPH to long-acting insulin. 17,25,32 STARTING DOSE: Start dose: 10 units6,7,8,11,12,13,14,16,19,20,21,22,25 Consider using a lower starting dose (such as 0.1 units/kg/day32) especially if 17,19 patient is thin or has a fasting glucose only minimally above goal. -
Insulin Aspart (Nvolog): Important Patient Information
What is most important to remember? If you have questions: Strong Internal Medicine • Insulin aspart (Novolog®) is used to lower blood sugar. It is Ask your doctor, nurse or pharmacist for important to use this medicine as more information about insulin aspart directed by your doctor (Novolog®) • Do not start any new medicines, over-the-counter drugs or herbal remedies without talking to your doctor • Tell all doctors, dentists and pharmacists that you are using insulin aspart (Novolog®) • insulin aspart (Novolog®) can cause low blood sugar. Always Strong Internal Medicine keep a source of sugar handy for 601 Elmwood Avenue times when your blood sugar gets Ambulatory Care Facility, 5th Floor too low Rochester, NY 14642 Phone: (585) 275 -7424 Insulin Aspart • Do not use your insulin if it (Novolog®): Visit our website at: becomes cloudy or has particles www.urmc.rochester.edu/medicine/ - Important Patient Information in it general-medicine/patientcare/ • Throw away all opened insulin after 28 days, even if it is not used up What does insulin aspart (Novolog®) do? Are there any interactions with other drugs that I need What are some things that I need to be aware of when to worry about? taking insulin aspart (Novolog®)? • It is used to lower blood sugar in patient with high blood sugar (diabetes) • There are many drug interactions that may increase • Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have an allergy to How should insulin aspart (Novolog®) be used? your risk of side effects insulin, or any other drugs, foods, or substances • Use this -
Safety of Insulin Lispro and a Biosimilar Insulin Lispro When
DSTXXX10.1177/1932296817753644Journal of Diabetes Science and TechnologyThrasher et al 753644research-article2018 Original Article Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology 2018, Vol. 12(3) 680 –686 Safety of Insulin Lispro and a Biosimilar © 2018 Diabetes Technology Society Insulin Lispro When Administered Reprints and permissions: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Through an Insulin Pump DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/1932296817753644 10.1177/1932296817753644 journals.sagepub.com/home/dst James Thrasher, MD1, Howard Surks, MD2, Irene Nowotny, PhD3, Suzanne Pierre, MSc4, Baerbel Rotthaeuser, PhD3, Karin Wernicke-Panten, MD3, and Satish Garg, MD5 Abstract Background: SAR342434 (U100; SAR-Lis; insulin lispro) is a biosimilar/follow-on to insulin lispro (U100; Ly-Lis). Similar pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics between the two products has been demonstrated in a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp study. The current study evaluated the safety of SAR-Lis and Ly-Lis when administered by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII; insulin pumps). Methods: This was a randomized, open-label, 2 × 4-week, two-arm crossover study in 27 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (NCT02603510). The main outcome was the incidence of infusion set occlusions (ISOs), defined as failure to correct hyperglycemia (plasma glucose ≥≥ 300 mg/dl) by 50 mg/dl within 60 minutes by insulin bolus via the pump. Secondary outcomes included intervals between infusion set changes, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) including infusion site, hypersensitivity reactions and hypoglycemic events, and safety. Results: The number of patients reporting at least one ISO was small: 6/25 patients on SAR-Lis reported 14 ISOs and 4/27 on Ly-Lis reported nine ISOs. The estimated difference in ISO risk for SAR-Lis versus Ly-Lis was 7.9% (95% CI, –1.90 to 17.73). -
Low Blood Glucose (Hypoglycemia)
Low Blood Glucose (Hypoglycemia) Hypoglycemia, also known as low blood Hunger, nausea glucose (blood sugar), is when your blood Color draining from skin (pallor) glucose levels have fallen low enough that you need to take action to bring them back Feeling sleepy to your target range. This is usually when your blood glucose is less than 70 mg/dL. However, Feeling weak, having no energy talk to your doctor about your own blood Blurred/impaired vision glucose targets, and what level is too low for you. Tingling or numbness in lips, tongue, cheeks Headaches When can it happen? Coordination problems, clumsiness Low blood glucose can happen if you’ve skipped a meal or snack, eaten less than usual, or been Nightmares or crying out in sleep more physically active than usual. If you don’t Seizures take steps to bring glucose levels back to normal, you could even pass out. What should you do? What are the symptoms? The 15-15 rule—have 15 grams of carbohydrate to raise your blood glucose and check it after Each person’s reaction to low blood glucose is 15 minutes. If it’s still below 70 mg/dL, have different. It’s important that you learn your own another serving. signs and symptoms when your blood glucose is low. Repeat these steps until your blood glucose is at least 70 mg/dL. Once your blood glucose is back Signs and to normal, eat a meal or snack to make sure it symptoms of doesn’t lower again. low blood glucose include: This may be: Feeling shaky Glucose tablets (see instructions) Being nervous Gel tube (see instructions) or anxious 4 ounces (1/2 cups) of juice or regular soda Sweating, chills, (not diet) clamminess 1 tablespoon of sugar, honey, or corn syrup Mood swings, irritability, impatience 8 ounces of nonfat or 1% milk Confusion Hard candies, jellybeans, or gumdrops—see Fast heartbeat food label for how many to consume Feeling light-headed or dizzy Continued » Visit diabetes.org or call 800-DIABETES (800-342-2383) for more resources from the American Diabetes Association. -
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Evaluation and Treatment DYANNE P
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Evaluation and Treatment DYANNE P. WESTERBERG, DO, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey Diabetic ketoacidosis is characterized by a serum glucose level greater than 250 mg per dL, a pH less than 7.3, a serum bicarbonate level less than 18 mEq per L, an elevated serum ketone level, and dehydration. Insulin deficiency is the main precipitating factor. Diabetic ketoacidosis can occur in persons of all ages, with 14 percent of cases occurring in persons older than 70 years, 23 percent in persons 51 to 70 years of age, 27 percent in persons 30 to 50 years of age, and 36 percent in persons younger than 30 years. The case fatality rate is 1 to 5 percent. About one-third of all cases are in persons without a history of diabetes mellitus. Common symptoms include polyuria with polydipsia (98 percent), weight loss (81 percent), fatigue (62 percent), dyspnea (57 percent), vomiting (46 percent), preceding febrile illness (40 percent), abdominal pain (32 percent), and polyphagia (23 percent). Measurement of A1C, blood urea nitro- gen, creatinine, serum glucose, electrolytes, pH, and serum ketones; complete blood count; urinalysis; electrocar- diography; and calculation of anion gap and osmolar gap can differentiate diabetic ketoacidosis from hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, gastroenteritis, starvation ketosis, and other metabolic syndromes, and can assist in diagnosing comorbid conditions. Appropriate treatment includes administering intravenous fluids and insulin, and monitoring glucose and electrolyte levels. Cerebral edema is a rare but severe complication that occurs predominantly in chil- dren. Physicians should recognize the signs of diabetic ketoacidosis for prompt diagnosis, and identify early symp- toms to prevent it. -
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Is a Serious Problem That Can Happen in People with Diabetes
Diabetic Ketoacidosis Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious problem that can happen in people with diabetes. DKA should be treated as a medical emergency. This is because it can lead to coma or death. If you have the symptoms of DKA, get medical help right away. DKA happens more often in people with type 1 diabetes. But it can happen in people with type 2 diabetes. It can also happen in women with diabetes during pregnancy (gestational diabetes). DKA happens when insulin levels are too low. Without enough insulin, sugar (glucose) can’t get to the cells of your body. The glucose stays in the blood. The liver then puts out even more glucose into the blood. This causes high blood glucose (hyperglycemia). Without glucose, your body breaks down stored fat for energy. When this happens, acids called ketones are released into the blood. This is called ketosis. High levels of ketones (ketoacidosis) can be harmful to you. Hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis can also cause serious problems in the blood and your body, such as: • Low levels of potassium (hypokalemia) and phosphate • Damage to kidneys or other organs • Coma What causes diabetic ketoacidosis? In people with diabetes, DKA is most often caused by too little insulin in the body. It is also caused by: • Poor management of diabetes • Infections such as a urinary tract infection or pneumonia • Serious health problems, such as a heart attack • Reactions to certain prescribed medicines including SGLT2 inhibitors for treating type 2 diabetes • Reactions to illegal drugs including cocaine • Disruption of insulin delivery from an insulin pump Symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis DKA most often happens slowly over time.