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Stefanie Steele, Erica Rudolph, Susan E. Masta Department of Biology, Portland State University

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Stefanie Steele, Erica Rudolph, Susan E. Masta Department of Biology, Portland State University Survey of the Bees of Portland Stefanie Steele, Erica Rudolph, Susan E. Masta Department of Biology, Portland State University Taxon SW Portland Downtown N Portland Bombus appositus U NR NR Abstract 8 Seasonality of bees Bombus fervidus U NR NR 7 Bombus flavifrons C NR NR 6 Ceratina acantha We surveyed the bee species present in three regions of Portland over the Bombus melanopygus C NR NR 5 Bombus mixtus C NR NR 4 course of two years. We found a wide diversity of bees present, 3 Bombus vosnesenskii A A A 2 representing five different families. Our survey allowed us to make a list Ceratina acantha A A A 1 of the bee species present in these highly urbanized landscapes in the Ceratina micheneri U U 0 Ceratina tejonensis U core of Portland. Seasonality and floral use of the different species were Ceratina pacifica U U Male Female Melissodes sp. H U recorded, to better document the life histories of taxa for which little 16 Melissodes sp. I C C C 14 prior data existed. Our data allow us to make recommendations to Melissodes sp. J U 12 Lasioglossum Dialictus sp. A. 10 property owners and managers on how to provide habitat and resources Melissodes sp. K U 8 Nomada sp. D C 6 for native bees in the Portland region, to help in efforts to conserve these 4 Triepeolus sp. A U U 2 often-overlooked pollinators. Anthidium manicatum C C C 0 Anthidium sp. A C C Photo by: cerberilla Anthidium sp. B U Heriades carinata C C Hoplitis sp. A U 6 5 Halictus tripartitus Introduction and Goals Megachile angelarum C C C 4 Megachile apicalis U 3 2 Bees provide important ecosystem services of pollinating plants in urban Megachile fidelis U 1 orchards and gardens, but we have little knowledge of what species are Megachile melitarsus U 0 Megachile perihirta U present in Portland, Oregon. Therefore, our goals were to: Megachile rotundata U Osmia aglaia U Osmia cornifrons C C 1) Create a list of bee species present in Portland Osmia lignaria C C 2) Document floral use by each species Osmia sp. A U 3) Document the seasonality of each species Osmia sp. B U Floral use of bees Stelis sp. U Ceratina7 acantha: Used multiple plant families and genera Agapostemon femoratus C C 6 5 Agapostemon texanus U 4 Agapostemon virescens C C C 3 Halictus confusus C C C 2 Methods 1 Halictus ligatus A A A 0 Halictus rubicundus U Photo By The Packer Lab. • Three locations were surveyed in Portland in 2017 and 2018. Halictus tripartitus A A A • Bees were hand-collected every two weeks between March and Lasioglossum Dialictus A A A A Lasioglossum: Used multiple plant families, primarily Asteraceae Lasioglossum Dialictus B U U 16 September and preserved in PSU’s Museum of Natural History. 14 Lasioglossum Dialictus C C C 12 10 • Bees were identified using available keys, or else determined to Lasioglossum Dialictus D U 8 6 morphospecies. Only female morphospecies were used for Lasioglossum sp. G C C 4 2 Lasioglossum sp. H U 0 compiling the list of taxa. Lasioglossum egregium C C Lasioglossum pacificum D U 7 Sphecodes sp. A U Melissodes : Used only plants in the family Asteraceae Andrena sp. A U 6 5 Andrena sp. B U 4 Site Locations Andrena sp. D U 3 Andrena sp. E U 2 Andrena sp. F U North Portland: 1 By: Cool Green Science Andrena sp. G U 0 Ecological restoration site along the Andrena sp. H C C Aster Calendula Coreopsis Cosmos Helianthus Rudbeckia Solidago Taraxacum Willamette River. Industrial area Andrena sp. O U Andrena sp. P U Andrena sp. Q U Conclusions and Recommendations Downtown Portland, PSU: Andrena sp. R U • 66 morphologically distinct species in 5 families were present. Portland State University is located in Andrena sp. T U Panurginus sp. C U • Some bees showed strong seasonality (e.g. Andrena in spring and downtown Portland. Urban area Hylaeus sp. A C C Hylaeus sp. B U Anthidium in summer), and others did not (e.g. Ceratina). Hylaeus sp. C C • Lasioglossum and Ceratina were floral generalists; Melissodes were floral Southwest Portland: Hylaeus sp. F U Suburban neighborhood in the southwest specialists of the family Asteraceae. hills of Portland. Residential area Key: A = Abundant; C = Common; U = Uncommon, NR = not • Due to the seasonality of bees it is important to have floral resources recorded. Shading: orange=Apidae; blue=Megachilidae; green= available all season. Halictidae; yellow=Andrenidae; purple=Colletidae • For small bees, plant Asteraceae and Lamiaceae with small flowers. .
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