DOCSLIB.ORG

FORTY YEARS of CHANGE in SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES Catherine Cumberland University of New Mexico - Main Campus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FORTY YEARS of CHANGE in SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES Catherine Cumberland University of New Mexico - Main Campus University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Biology ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations Summer 7-15-2019 FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES Catherine Cumberland University of New Mexico - Main Campus Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Cumberland, Catherine. "FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES." (2019). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/321 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Catherine Cumberland Candidate Biology Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Kenneth Whitney, Ph.D., Chairperson Scott Collins, Ph.D. Paula Klientjes-Neff, Ph.D. Diane Marshall, Ph.D. Kelly Miller, Ph.D. i FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES by CATHERINE CUMBERLAND B.A., Biology, Sonoma State University 2005 B.A., Environmental Studies, Sonoma State University 2005 M.S., Ecology, Colorado State University 2014 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy BIOLOGY The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico July, 2019 ii FORTY YEARS OF CHANGE IN SOUTHWESTERN BEE ASSEMBLAGES by CATHERINE CUMBERLAND B.A., Biology B.A., Environmental Studies M.S., Ecology Ph.D., Biology ABSTRACT Changes in a regional bee assemblage were investigated by repeating a 1970s study from the U.S. Southwest of bees visiting native sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Results showed declines in abundance and species richness of native bees and increases in non- native Apis mellifera. Climate data indicate drought increased over the 40-year period, favoring introduced and generalist species. Experimental placement of A. mellifera in an area of low A. mellifera density in New Mexico reduced native bee visitation, but improved reproduction in H. annuus plants. Meta-analytic models comparing pollination effectiveness in specialist versus generalist, native versus non-native, and native pollinators versus introduced A. mellifera indicated no support for greater specialist effectiveness, but higher effectiveness of native bumble bees (Bombus spp.) compared to non-native pollinators, especially A. mellifera. Changes in pollinator species composition, particularly replacement of native pollinators by introduced A. mellifera, affect plant reproduction and may cascade to changes in plant community composition. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: Declines in abundance and diversity of southwestern U.S. sunflower pollinators resurveyed after 40 years .........................................................................................1 Abstract ................................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................3 Materials and Methods .........................................................................................................8 Results ................................................................................................................................20 Discussion ..........................................................................................................................32 Conclusion .........................................................................................................................43 CHAPTER 2: Introduced honey bees (Apis mellifera) alter native bee visitation and seed set in a native plant species ......................................................................................................45 Abstract ..............................................................................................................................46 Introduction ........................................................................................................................47 Materials and Methods .......................................................................................................51 Results ................................................................................................................................59 Discussion ..........................................................................................................................65 Conclusion .........................................................................................................................72 CHAPTER 3: Are specialist and native pollinators more effective than generalists and non-natives? A meta-analysis ..................................................................................................74 Abstract ..............................................................................................................................75 Introduction ........................................................................................................................76 Materials and Methods .......................................................................................................80 Results ................................................................................................................................93 iv Discussion ........................................................................................................................105 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................111 APPENDICES .....................................................................................................................113 Appendix A ......................................................................................................................113 Appendix B ......................................................................................................................121 REFERENCES .....................................................................................................................124 v CHAPTER 1 Declines in abundance and diversity of southwestern US sunflower pollinators resurveyed after 40 years 1 Abstract Recent assessments of pollinator populations have revealed declines – a serious concern given the ecosystem services pollinators provide. Species-level datasets for tracking long- term changes in pollinator populations are therefore highly valuable. We investigated changes over the past 40 years in a regional bee assemblage by repeating a study conducted in the U.S. Southwest. Bees visiting sunflower (Helianthus) species were sampled from 1973–1977 by Hurd, LaBerge, and Linsley in Arizona, California, and New Mexico. We resampled the bee fauna at 11 of the original locations in 2015–2016. After accounting for sampling effort, we report significant declines in abundances of native bee species, and significant increases in introduced Apis mellifera abundance compared to the 1970s. Species richness decreased significantly at Arizona and New Mexico sites, driven mainly by declines in specialist bees, but richness at California sites did not differ from the 1970s. Overall, 83% of bee species collected in the 1970s were observed in 2015–2016. Generalist bee assemblage composition differed significantly from the 1970s at California sites, mostly due to changes in dominant species. Climatic data suggest drought conditions increased at all sites over the 40-year period, and further that bee population trends were not explained by chance sampling of years that were climatically extreme relative to decadal norms. We found significant correlations between six temperature/precipitation-related variables and changes in abundance in one or more of our bee categories (all bees, Apis mellifera, generalists, specialists). We conclude that sunflower bee abundance and diversity in the U.S. Southwest have decreased since the 1970s, and hypothesize that climate change has favored introduced and generalist species. 2 Introduction Insect extinction rates have not been comprehensively monitored at the global scale, but there is recent evidence of dramatic regional-level declines across a broad range of taxa [Hallmann et al. 2017; Powney et al. 2019]. Among orders, Hymenoptera may be especially vulnerable to declines and extinctions, partly for genetic reasons: Haplodiploid sex determination results in the production of sterile males and reduces effective population size [Zayed & Packer 2005]. Their role as pollinators in agriculture and natural ecosystems accords the Hymenoptera considerable economic and ecological importance [Potts et al. 2010]. Bees, the largest contributors to pollination, have experienced population crashes and local extirpations [NRC 2007; Steffan-Dewenter et al. 2005]. Their status has become a key scientific and public policy concern [Potts et al. 2011; USDA-EPA 2015]. Extinction rates are not equally distributed across all species. A key question is whether specialist species, which have narrow habitat or dietary tolerances, are more vulnerable to declines than generalists with wider tolerances. (For convenience we use the dichotomous terms “specialist” and “generalist,” though their ecological manifestations
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bees in Urban Landscapes: an Investigation of Habitat Utilization By
    Bees in urban landscapes: An investigation of habitat utilization By Victoria Agatha Wojcik A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, & Management in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Joe R. McBride, Chair Professor Gregory S. Biging Professor Louise A. Mozingo Fall 2009 Bees in urban landscapes: An investigation of habitat utilization © 2009 by Victoria Agatha Wojcik ABSTRACT Bees in urban landscapes: An investigation of habitat utilization by Victoria Agatha Wojcik Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy, & Management University of California, Berkeley Professor Joe R. McBride, Chair Bees are one of the key groups of anthophilies that make use of the floral resources present within urban landscapes. The ecological patterns of bees in cities are under further investigation in this dissertation work in an effort to build knowledge capacity that can be applied to management and conservation. Seasonal occurrence patterns are common among bees and their floral resources in wildland habitats. To investigate the nature of these phenological interactions in cities, bee visitation to a constructed floral resource base in Berkeley, California was monitored in the first year of garden development. The constructed habitat was used by nearly one-third of the locally known bee species. Bees visiting this urban resource displayed distinct patterns of seasonality paralleling those of wildland bees, with some species exhibiting extended seasons. Differential bee visitation patterns are common between individual floral resources. The effective monitoring of bee populations requires an understanding of this variability. To investigate the patterns and trends in urban resource usage, the foraging of the community of bees visiting Tecoma stans resources in three tropical dry forest cities in Costa Rica was studied.
    [Show full text]
  • Wild Bee Species Increase Tomato Production and Respond Differently to Surrounding Land Use in Northern California
    BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION 133 (2006) 81– 87 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon Wild bee species increase tomato production and respond differently to surrounding land use in Northern California Sarah S. Greenleaf*, Claire Kremen1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Pollination provided by bees enhances the production of many crops. However, the contri- Received 11 December 2005 bution of wild bees remains unmeasured for many crops, and the effects of anthropogenic Received in revised form change on many bee species are unstudied. We experimentally investigated how pollina- 5 May 2006 tion by wild bees affects tomato production in northern California. We found that wild bees Accepted 16 May 2006 substantially increase the production of field-grown tomato, a crop generally considered Available online 24 July 2006 self-pollinating. Surveys of the bee community on 14 organic fields that varied in proximity to natural habitat showed that the primary bee visitors, Anthophora urbana Cresson and Keywords: Bombus vosnesenskii Radoszkowski, were affected differently by land management prac- Agro-ecosystem tices. B. vosnesenskii was found primarily on farms proximate to natural habitats, but nei- Crop pollination ther proximity to natural habitat nor tomato floral abundance, temperature, or year Ecosystem services explained variation in the visitation rates of A. urbana. Natural habitat appears to increase Bombus vosnesenskii B. vosnesenskii populations and should be preserved near farms. Additional research is Anthophora urbana needed to determine how to maintain A. urbana. Species-specific differences in depen- Habitat conservation dency on natural habitats underscore the importance of considering the natural histories of individual bee species when projecting population trends of pollinators and designing management plans for pollination services.
    [Show full text]
  • The Chemical Ecology and Evolution of Bee–Flower Interactions: a Review and Perspectives1
    668 REVIEW / SYNTHE` SE The chemical ecology and evolution of bee–flower interactions: a review and perspectives1 S. Do¨ tterl and N.J. Vereecken Abstract: Bees and angiosperms have shared a long and intertwined evolutionary history and their interactions have re- sulted in remarkable adaptations. Yet, at a time when the ‘‘pollination crisis’’ is of major concern as natural populations of both wild and honey bees (Apis mellifera L., 1758) face alarming decline rates at a worldwide scale, there are important gaps in our understanding of the ecology and evolution of bee–flower interactions. In this review, we summarize and dis- cuss the current knowledge about the role of floral chemistry versus other communication channels in bee-pollinated flow- ering plants, both at the macro- and micro-evolutionary levels, and across the specialization–generalization gradient. The available data illustrate that floral scents and floral chemistry have been largely overlooked in bee–flower interactions, and that pollination studies integrating these components along with pollinator behaviour in a phylogenetic context will help gain considerable insights into the sensory ecology and the evolution of bees and their associated flowering plants. Re´sume´ : Les abeilles et les angiospermes partagent une grande partie de leur histoire e´volutive, et leurs interactions ont produit de remarquables exemples d’adaptations mutuelles. Cependant, a` une e´poque ou` la « crise de la pollinisation » de- vient une pre´occupation majeure et ou` les populations d’abeilles sauvages et mellife`res (Apis mellifera L., 1758) font face a` des de´clins massifs a` l’e´chelle mondiale, notre compre´hension de l’e´cologie et de l’e´volution des relations abeilles- plantes demeure fragmentaire.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera, Apidae: Bombus Latreille, 1802) of the Republic of Tyva, Eastern Siberia
    Евразиатский энтомол. журнал 13(3): 290–294 © EUROASIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2014 Contribution to the fauna of bumble bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae: Bombus Latreille, 1802) of the Republic of Tyva, Eastern Siberia Ê ôàóíå øìåëåé (Hymenoptera, Apidae: Bombus Latreille, 1802) Ðåñïóáëèêè Òûâà, Âîñòî÷íàÿ Ñèáèðü A.N. Kupianskaya, M.Yu. Proshchalykin, A.S. Lelej À.Í. Êóïÿíñêàÿ, Ì.Þ. Ïðîùàëûêèí, À.Ñ. Ëåëåé Institute of Biology and Soil Sciences, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prosp. 100-letiya Vladivostoka 159, Vladivostok 690022 Russia. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] Биолого-почвенный институт ДВО РАН, пр. 100-летия Владивостока 159, Владивосток 690022 Россия. Key words: Apoidea, Apiformes, Palaearctic region, biodiversity, new records. Ключевые слова: Apoidea, Apiformes, Палеарктика, биоразнообразие, новые находки. Abstract. An annotated list of 27 species of bumble bees [Tkalcù, 1967; Panfilov, 1982, 1984; Byvaltsev, 2011; collected in Republic of Tyva (Tuva) in 2013 is given. The Levchenko, 2012] were based on this paper only. list of the bumble bee species of Tuva is increased up to 33 Republic of Tyva (Tuva) borders northwestern species. Ten species, Bombus amurensis Radoszkowski, Mongolia and occupies the basin of the upper Yenisey B. barbutellus (Kirby), B. bohemicus Seidl, B. campestris River. The length of the republic territory from north to Dahlbom, B. cryptarum (Fabricius), B. distinguendus Moraw- itz, B. margreiteri Skorikov, B. pseudobaicalensis Vogt, south is 450 km, from west to east — 700 km, land area — B. sporadicus Nylander, and B. veteranus (Fabricius) are 170.427 sq. km. Its relief consists of two broad basins, the newly recorded from Tuva. Diversity of bumble bees in Tuva Tuva and Todzha, drained by two main tributaries of the and Siberia are discussed.
    [Show full text]
  • Las Abejas Del Género Agapostemon (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) Del Estado De Nuevo León, México
    Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 83: 63-72, 2012 Las abejas del género Agapostemon (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) del estado de Nuevo León, México Bees of the genus Agapostemon (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) of the state of Nuevo León, Mexico Liliana Ramírez-Freire1 , Glafiro José Alanís-Flores1, Ricardo Ayala-Barajas2, Humberto Quiroz -Martínez1 y Carlos GerardoVelazco-Macías3 1Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Cd. Universitaria. Apartado postal 134-F, 66450 San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México. 2Estación de Biología Chamela (Sede Colima) Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Apartado postal 21, 48980 San Patricio, Jalisco, México. 3Parques y Vida Silvestre. Av. Alfonso Reyes norte s/n, interior del Parque Niños Héroes, lateral izquierda, acceso 3, 64290 Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. [email protected] Resumen. Se realizó un estudio faunístico de las abejas del género Agapostemon (Halictidae) en el estado de Nuevo León, México para conocer las especies presentes, su distribución, relación con la flora y tipos de vegetación del estado. La metodología se basó en la revisión de literatura y de bases de datos de colecciones entomológicas, y en muestreos en campo donde se utilizó red entomológica y platos trampa de colores amarillo, azul, rosa (tonos fluorescentes) y blanco. Sólo en 20 de los 35 muestreos que se realizaron se obtuvieron ejemplares del género. Se recolectaron 11 especies, 2 de las cuales son registros nuevos para el estado (A. nasutus y A. splendens). El 12.31% de los ejemplares se obtuvo mediante el uso de red y el 87.84% con los platos trampa; el color amarillo fue el preferido por las abejas.
    [Show full text]
  • First Observations on Nesting and Immatures of the Bee Genus Ancyla (Apoidea: Apidae: Apinae: Ancylaini)
    AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Number 3749, 24 pp. June 25, 2012 First Observations on Nesting and Immatures of the Bee Genus Ancyla (Apoidea: Apidae: Apinae: Ancylaini) JAKUB STRAKA1 AND JEROME G. RoZEN, JR.2 ABSTRACT Herein we present information on the nest architecture and nesting biology primarily of Ancyla asiatica Friese and, to a lesser extent, of A. anatolica Warncke, both found near Adana, Turkey. These two ground-nesting species visit Apiaceae for mating and larval provisions, with A. asiatica going to Daucus carota and A. anatolica, to Eryngium. The cocoon of A. asiatica is described in detail as are the mature oocytes of both species and the pre- and postdefecating larvae of A. asiatica. Each site was attacked by a separate, unnamed cleptoparasitic species of Ammobates (Nomadinae). The relationships of the Ancylaini to other apine tribes are discussed based on their mature larvae, and a revised tribal key to mature larvae of nonparasitic, noncor- biculate Apinae is presented. INTRODUCTION Of all tribes of nonparasitic Apidae, the natural history of the Ancylaini3 has been the least investigated. Until now, nothing has been recorded concerning the nests of any species, 1 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic. 2 Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History. 3 The spelling of tribe Ancylini Michener, 1944, has recently been emended to Ancylaini to remove hom- onymy with Ancylini Rafinsque, 1815 (Mollusca, Gastropoda) (Engel et al., 2010: ICZN Ruling (Opinion 2246-Case 3461). Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 2012 ISSN 0003-0082 2 AMERican MUSEUM NOVITATEs NO.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Trends in Bumble Bee Health
    EN65CH11_Cameron ARjats.cls December 18, 2019 20:52 Annual Review of Entomology Global Trends in Bumble Bee Health Sydney A. Cameron1,∗ and Ben M. Sadd2 1Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA; email: [email protected] 2School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, USA; email: [email protected] Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2020. 65:209–32 Keywords First published as a Review in Advance on Bombus, pollinator, status, decline, conservation, neonicotinoids, pathogens October 14, 2019 The Annual Review of Entomology is online at Abstract ento.annualreviews.org Bumble bees (Bombus) are unusually important pollinators, with approx- https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-011118- imately 260 wild species native to all biogeographic regions except sub- 111847 Saharan Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. As they are vitally important in Copyright © 2020 by Annual Reviews. natural ecosystems and to agricultural food production globally, the increase Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2020.65:209-232. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org All rights reserved in reports of declining distribution and abundance over the past decade ∗ Corresponding author has led to an explosion of interest in bumble bee population decline. We Access provided by University of Illinois - Urbana Champaign on 02/11/20. For personal use only. summarize data on the threat status of wild bumble bee species across bio- geographic regions, underscoring regions lacking assessment data. Focusing on data-rich studies, we also synthesize recent research on potential causes of population declines. There is evidence that habitat loss, changing climate, pathogen transmission, invasion of nonnative species, and pesticides, oper- ating individually and in combination, negatively impact bumble bee health, and that effects may depend on species and locality.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Insect Species Which May Be Tallgrass Prairie Specialists
    Conservation Biology Research Grants Program Division of Ecological Services © Minnesota Department of Natural Resources List of Insect Species which May Be Tallgrass Prairie Specialists Final Report to the USFWS Cooperating Agencies July 1, 1996 Catherine Reed Entomology Department 219 Hodson Hall University of Minnesota St. Paul MN 55108 phone 612-624-3423 e-mail [email protected] This study was funded in part by a grant from the USFWS and Cooperating Agencies. Table of Contents Summary.................................................................................................. 2 Introduction...............................................................................................2 Methods.....................................................................................................3 Results.....................................................................................................4 Discussion and Evaluation................................................................................................26 Recommendations....................................................................................29 References..............................................................................................33 Summary Approximately 728 insect and allied species and subspecies were considered to be possible prairie specialists based on any of the following criteria: defined as prairie specialists by authorities; required prairie plant species or genera as their adult or larval food; were obligate predators, parasites
    [Show full text]
  • Bee Species Checklist of the San Francisco Peaks, Arizona
    Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e49285 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.8.e49285 Taxonomic Paper Bee species checklist of the San Francisco Peaks, Arizona Lindsie M McCabe‡, Paige R Chesshire‡§, David R Smith , Atticus Wolf‡, Jason Gibbs |, Terry L Griswold¶, Karen W Wright#‡, Neil S Cobb ‡ Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, United States of America § U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Southwest Forest Science Complex, Flagstaff, United States of America | Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada ¶ USDA-ARS, Pollinating Insects Research Unit, Logan, United States of America # Department of Entomology, Texas A&M, College Station, United States of America Corresponding author: Lindsie M McCabe ([email protected]) Academic editor: Dominique Zimmermann Received: 11 Dec 2019 | Accepted: 25 Mar 2020 | Published: 02 Apr 2020 Citation: McCabe LM, Chesshire PR, Smith DR, Wolf A, Gibbs J, Griswold TL, Wright KW, Cobb NS (2020) Bee species checklist of the San Francisco Peaks, Arizona. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e49285. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e49285 Abstract Background Here we present a checklist of the bee species found on the C. Hart Merriam elevation gradient along the San Francisco Peaks in northern Arizona. Elevational gradients can serve as natural proxies for climate change, replacing time with space as they span multiple vegetation zones over a short geographic distance. Describing the distribution of bee species along this elevation gradient will help predict how bee communities might respond to changing climate. To address this, we initiated an inventory associated with ecological studies on pollinators that documented bees on the San Francisco Peaks.
    [Show full text]
  • Crop and Semi-Natural Habitat Configuration Affects
    insects Article Crop and Semi-Natural Habitat Configuration Affects Diversity and Abundance of Native Bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) in a Large-Field Cotton Agroecosystem Isaac L. Esquivel 1,2,*, Katherine A. Parys 3 , Karen W. Wright 1, Micky D. Eubanks 1, John D. Oswald 1, Robert N. Coulson 1 and Michael J. Brewer 1,2 1 Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; [email protected] (K.W.W.); [email protected] (M.D.E.); [email protected] (J.D.O.); [email protected] (R.N.C.); [email protected] (M.J.B.) 2 Department of Entomology, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Corpus Christi, TX 78406, USA 3 Pollinator Health in Southern Crop Ecosystems Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS 38732, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Commercial cotton growing systems are one of the most intensely managed, economically, and culturally important fiber cropping systems worldwide. The composition and configuration of crop species and semi-natural habitat can have significant effects on ecosystem ser- vices such as pollination. Here, we investigated the local-scale effect on the arrangement of different Citation: Esquivel, I.L.; Parys, K.A.; crop fields and surrounding semi-natural habitat in a large-field commercial cotton system on the Wright, K.W.; Eubanks, M.D.; Oswald, diversity and abundance of native bee pollinators. Using bee bowl traps at crop interfaces (cotton J.D.; Coulson, R.N.; Brewer, M.J. Crop grown next to cotton, sorghum, or semi-natural habitat along with a natural habitat comparator), and Semi-Natural Habitat we found a total of 32 bee species in 13 genera across 3 families.
    [Show full text]
  • Colias Ponteni 47 Years of Investigation, Thought and Speculations Over a Butterfly
    Insectifera VOLUME 11 • YEAR 2019 2019 YEAR • SPECIAL ISSUE Colias ponteni 47 years of investigation, thought and speculations over a butterfly INSECTIFERA • YEAR 2019 • VOLUME 11 Insectifera December 2019, Volume 11 Special Issue Editor Pavel Bína & Göran Sjöberg Sjöberg, G. 2019. Colias ponteni Wallengren, 1860. 47 years of investigation, thought and speculations over a butterfly. Insectifera, Vol. 11: 3–100. Contents 4 Summary 4 My own reflections 5 The background to the first Swedish scientific sailing round the world, 1851–1853 16 Extreme sex patches – androconia and antennae 20 Colias ponteni in the collection of BMNH. Where do they come from? Who have collected them and where and when? 22 Two new Colias ponténi and a pupa! 24 Hawaii or Port Famine? Which locality is most likely to be an objective assessment? 25 Colias ponteni - a sensitive "primitive species". Is it extinct? 26 Cause of likely extinction 28 IRMS (Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer) isotope investigations 29 What more can suggest that Samuel Pontén's butterflies really were taken in Hawaii? 30 Can Port Famine or the surrounding areas be the right place for Colias ponteni? 34 Collection on Oahu 37 Is there more that suggests that Samuel Pontén found his Colias butterflies during this excursion on Oahu near Honolulu? 38 The background to my studies 39 Is there something that argues against Port Famine as a collection site for Colias ponteni? 39 Is it likely that the butterflies exist or may have been on Mt Tarn just south of Port Famine on the Strait of Magellan? 41
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Hungary, Central Europe
    Biodiversity and Conservation (2005) 14:2437–2446 Ó Springer 2005 DOI 10.1007/s10531-004-0152-y Assessing the threatened status of bumble bee species (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Hungary, Central Europe MIKLO´SSA´ROSPATAKI*, JUDIT NOVA´K and VIKTO´RIA MOLNA´R Department of Zoology and Ecology, Szent Istva´n University, H-2103 Go¨do¨ll, Pa´ter K. u. 1., Hungary; *Author for correspondence: (e-mail: [email protected]; phone: +36-28-522-085, fax: +36-28-410-804 Received 11 November 2003; accepted in revised form 5 April 2004 Key words: Bombus, Endangered and vulnerable species, IUCN Red List categories, Species con- servation Abstract. Decline in the populations of bumble bees and other pollinators stress the need for more knowledge about their conservation status. Only one of the 25 bumble bee species present in Hungary is included in the Hungarian Red List. We estimated the endangerment of the Hungarian bumble bee (Bombus Latr.) species using the available occurrence data from the last 50 years of the 20th century. Four of the 25 species were data deficient or extinct from Hungary. About 60% of species were considered rare or moderately rare. Changes in distribution and occurrence frequency indicated that 10 of the 21 native species showed a declining trend, while only three species in- creased in frequency of occurrence. According to the IUCN Red List categories, seven species (33% of the native fauna) should be labelled as critically endangered (CR) and 3 (14%) as endangered (EN). Our results stress an urgent need of protection plans for bumble bees in Hungary, and further underlines the validity of concern over bumble bees all over Europe.
    [Show full text]