Survey of the Bees of Portland Stefanie Steele, Erica Rudolph, Susan E. Masta Department of Biology, Portland State University Taxon SW Portland Downtown N Portland Bombus appositus U NR NR Abstract 8 Seasonality of bees Bombus fervidus U NR NR 7 Bombus flavifrons C NR NR 6 Ceratina acantha We surveyed the bee species present in three regions of Portland over the Bombus melanopygus C NR NR 5 Bombus mixtus C NR NR 4 course of two years. We found a wide diversity of bees present, 3 Bombus vosnesenskii A A A 2 representing five different families. Our survey allowed us to make a list Ceratina acantha A A A 1 of the bee species present in these highly urbanized landscapes in the Ceratina micheneri U U 0 Ceratina tejonensis U core of Portland. Seasonality and floral use of the different species were Ceratina pacifica U U Male Female Melissodes sp. H U recorded, to better document the life histories of taxa for which little 16 Melissodes sp. I C C C 14 prior data existed. Our data allow us to make recommendations to Melissodes sp. J U 12 Lasioglossum Dialictus sp. A. 10 property owners and managers on how to provide habitat and resources Melissodes sp. K U 8 Nomada sp. D C 6 for native bees in the Portland region, to help in efforts to conserve these 4 Triepeolus sp. A U U 2 often-overlooked pollinators. Anthidium manicatum C C C 0 Anthidium sp. A C C Photo by: cerberilla Anthidium sp. B U Heriades carinata C C Hoplitis sp. A U 6 5 Halictus tripartitus Introduction and Goals Megachile angelarum C C C 4 Megachile apicalis U 3 2 Bees provide important ecosystem services of pollinating plants in urban Megachile fidelis U 1 orchards and gardens, but we have little knowledge of what species are Megachile melitarsus U 0 Megachile perihirta U present in Portland, Oregon. Therefore, our goals were to: Megachile rotundata U Osmia aglaia U Osmia cornifrons C C 1) Create a list of bee species present in Portland Osmia lignaria C C 2) Document floral use by each species Osmia sp. A U 3) Document the seasonality of each species Osmia sp. B U Floral use of bees Stelis sp. U Ceratina7 acantha: Used multiple plant families and genera Agapostemon femoratus C C 6 5 Agapostemon texanus U 4 Agapostemon virescens C C C 3 Halictus confusus C C C 2 Methods 1 Halictus ligatus A A A 0 Halictus rubicundus U Photo By The Packer Lab. • Three locations were surveyed in Portland in 2017 and 2018. Halictus tripartitus A A A • Bees were hand-collected every two weeks between March and Lasioglossum Dialictus A A A A Lasioglossum: Used multiple plant families, primarily Asteraceae Lasioglossum Dialictus B U U 16 September and preserved in PSU’s Museum of Natural History. 14 Lasioglossum Dialictus C C C 12 10 • Bees were identified using available keys, or else determined to Lasioglossum Dialictus D U 8 6 morphospecies. Only female morphospecies were used for Lasioglossum sp. G C C 4 2 Lasioglossum sp. H U 0 compiling the list of taxa. Lasioglossum egregium C C Lasioglossum pacificum D U 7 Sphecodes sp. A U Melissodes : Used only plants in the family Asteraceae Andrena sp. A U 6 5 Andrena sp. B U 4 Site Locations Andrena sp. D U 3 Andrena sp. E U 2 Andrena sp. F U North Portland: 1 By: Cool Green Science Andrena sp. G U 0 Ecological restoration site along the Andrena sp. H C C Aster Calendula Coreopsis Cosmos Helianthus Rudbeckia Solidago Taraxacum Willamette River. Industrial area Andrena sp. O U Andrena sp. P U Andrena sp. Q U Conclusions and Recommendations Downtown Portland, PSU: Andrena sp. R U • 66 morphologically distinct species in 5 families were present. Portland State University is located in Andrena sp. T U Panurginus sp. C U • Some bees showed strong seasonality (e.g. Andrena in spring and downtown Portland. Urban area Hylaeus sp. A C C Hylaeus sp. B U Anthidium in summer), and others did not (e.g. Ceratina). Hylaeus sp. C C • Lasioglossum and Ceratina were floral generalists; Melissodes were floral Southwest Portland: Hylaeus sp. F U Suburban neighborhood in the southwest specialists of the family Asteraceae. hills of Portland. Residential area Key: A = Abundant; C = Common; U = Uncommon, NR = not • Due to the seasonality of bees it is important to have floral resources recorded. Shading: orange=Apidae; blue=Megachilidae; green= available all season. Halictidae; yellow=Andrenidae; purple=Colletidae • For small bees, plant Asteraceae and Lamiaceae with small flowers. .