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Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D. C. Office of Environmental and Ecological Forum Series Department of Commerce, Springfi DOCUMENT RESUME ED 070 649 SE 015 389 TITLE The Environmental and Ecological Forum 1970-1971. INSTITUTION Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D. C. Office of Information Services. PUB DATE Jun 72 NOTE 196p.; Papers presented in the 1970-1971 Environmental and Ecological Forum Series AVAILABLE FROMNational Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia 22151 (TID-25857, $3.00) EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$6.58 DESCRIPTORS Conference Reports; *Ecology; *Energy; Environment; *Kinetics; Nuclear Physics; Production Techniques; Public Affairs Education; Radiation Effects; Socioeconomic Influences; *Speeches; *Technology ABSTRACT This report contains the papers presented in the C. -1970-1971 Environmental and Ecological Forum series, planned to provide an overview of the significant environmental, social, and economic aspects of electric power generation, more specifically, the pros and cons of nuclear power production. The Forum was organized as a public service to foster community understanding of environmental problems that increasingly tax society's capabilities for remedial action. Speakers with widely divergent opinions discussed the various ways in which the increasing development and use of technology may affect man's well-being. Their presentations were titled: Man's Conquest of Energy: Its Ecological and Human Consequences; The Nucs: Energy vs. the Environment; Nuclear Power Plants: Present, Past, and Future; The Radiation Hazard for Man; A Proposal for a Rational Policy to Control Radioactivity and Other Forms of Pollution; The Public and Radiation from Nuclear Power Plants; Adequacy of Present Radiation Standards; The. Nuclear Power Information Communication Predicament; Nuclear Power Licensing: Risk--Benefit Determinations and the Public Interest; Nuclear Power: You Never Had It So Good; Benefits and Costs of Nuclear. Power; and What We Do Know About Low-Level Radiation. (BL) al d'C414ogaicl0111111 1911011971 US DEPARTMENT(ler."..111A1III EDUCATION A PPM ARE OEI ICI Of EDUCATION A` RIF 11:, ,61, .if :I ul,. 1)1 I.:),' HE Pwt t IS. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION Office.of Information Services. cD AEC Category 1-.1D-25857 UC-2 flee eavirommeidal and ecological forum 1970-11171 Forum Coordinator _ 3 A. BURT KLINE, JR. SPONSORS Baltimore-Washington Chapter of the Health Physics Society Washington Section of the American Nuclear Society Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Montgomery County Public School Adult Education Program 1972 Published by U. S. ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION Office of Information Services 2 Available as TI D-25857 for $3.00 from National Technical Information Service U. S. Department of Commerce Springfield, Virginia 22151 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 72-600120 Printed in the United States of America USAEC Technical Information Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee June 1972 atyi PREFACE This publication contains the papers presented in the 1970-1971 Environmental and Ecological Forum series, which was planned to prOvide an overview of the significant environmental, social, and economic aspects of electric-power generation, more specifically, the pros and. cons of nuclear power production. The Forum was organized as a public service to foster community understanding of environmental problems that increasingly tax society's capabilities for remedial action. It was the purpose of the Forum to present a program in which prominent, knowledgeable speakers discussed the various ways in which the increasing develop- ment and use of technology may affect man's well-being. In the hope of building a communication bridge between the scientific community and the public, the Forum scheduled speakers whose concerns ranged widely across the multidisciplinary areas of technology, national policies, priorities, and their interrelationships. The sponsoring organizations believed thatallsides of theseissues should be presented by 4 knowledgeable and articulate spokesmen to as broad an audience as possible in an attempt to generate open discussion, increase involvement, and overcome apathy. It was further believed that a series of this type would assist those attending to develop informed, independent judgments on matters which ultimately would have an impact on them and their families. The editors of this volume saw the Forum as a method of bringing the technical and lay communities together in a meaningful dialogue that would provide an opportunity for each group to better understand the other. Since there was disagreement within the technical community with respect to the best approach to the production of power, great pains were taken to schedule speakers who held widely ji iii 4. PREFACE divergent. opinions. A. Burt Kline, Jr., was selected as the Forum coordinator by the sponsoring orianizations in June 1970 and was authorized by them to plan and implement a program that would create an opportunity for open discussion of the overriding issues surrounding the "power crisis" and to provide for the broadest possible dissemination of the presentations and subsequent discussions. The Environ- mental and Ecological Forum program was developed in response to this charge and, at its conclusion, received an award from the Atomic Industrial Forum in October 1971 asthe outstanding program of itstype conducted in the year preceding the presentation of their award. The award was presented to A. Burt Kline, Jr., representing the Environmential and Ecological Forum, at the annual joint meeting of the Atomic Industrial Forum and the American Nuclear Society in Miami Beach, Florida, and carried the following citation engraved on a bronze plaque: "The Forum Award honoring significant contributions to public understanding of atomic energy is- bestowed upon The Environmental and Ecological Forum for its series of programs featuring outstanding experts on nuclear power and the controversy surrounding it. The initiative of the Forum led to a comprehensive series of meetings that presented a finely balanced view of nuclear power to the interested public in the Washington (D. C.) area." The original goals of the Environmental and Ecological Forum were to promote understanding and to foster cooperation; it was intended to unite rather than to divide, and all decisions were made with these ends in mind. It is the hope of the coordinator, the sponsoring organizations, and everyone associated with this under- taking that the Forum was successful in remaining true to these goals and to some degree successful in achieving them. A. Burt Kline, Jr., Forum Coordinator Michael S. Terpilak, Assistant Forum Coordinator iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Forum concept originated in May 1970 when I met with the Baltimore Washington chapter of the Health Physics Society (HPS) to elicit help in conducting a series of discussions about the evolving controversy over nuclear power plants. The Society agreed to support such an effort, and shortly thereafter the Washington section of the American Nuclear Society (ANS), the Mid-Atlantic chapter of the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), and the Montgomery County Public School Adult Education Program joined as cosponsors. In June 1970 the sponsors appointed a board of directors consisting of A. Burt Kline, Jr., coordinator; Michael S. Terpilak, President of the BaltimoreWashington chapter of the HPS, assistant coordinator; Dr. Robert W. Deutsch, President of the Washington section of the ANS; Robert W. Swain, President of the Mid-Atlantic chapter of the AAPM; and Norma Day, Director of the Montgomery County Public School Adult Education Program. The success of the Forum must be attributed to the unselfish efforts of many people and organizations. It is impossible, however, to identify all of them by name in this space. It is our hope that everyone involved with this program will recognize the significant role they played and.will feel a certain pride in this publication and in the Forum's honor in winning the Atomic Industrial Forum's annual award for 1971. From the first we consulted with Dr.-Norman Hilberry and during the series with Dr. RalphE. Lapp. We gratefully acknowledge the help received from six organizations: the Bureau of Radiological Health, the U. S. Atomic Energy Commis- sion, the Eberline Instrument Corporation, the Potomac Electric Power Company, the Victoreen Instrument Company, and the Washington Gas Light Company. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Since any program conducted over a long period of time faces the probability of losing a speaker owing to unforeseen circumstances, contingency plans must be made. Dr. Merril Eisenbud, Dr. H. Peter Metzger, Mr. James G. Terrill, Jr., and Dr. Abel Wolman agreed to support the Forum by serving as alternate speakers. Although circumstances did not require the Forum to call on these backup speakers, itwas a great comfort to know these able men were available. The overall assistance of Mrs. F. Patricia Nash and Mrs. Dolores Ann Klinewas immeasurably responsible for whatever success the Forum may have enjoyed. They played an extensive part in all the Forum's many facets from the initial discussions to the publication of this book. Mr. Howard Roberts' efforts in providing directionto the audiovisual component of the Forum allowed those who attended to enjoy optimal listening convenience. His services permitted speakers maximum flexibility in theuse of visual aids and provided for the videotaping by the Video Activities Branch, Division of Headquarters Services, USAEC. The high-quality films produced
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