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Anabilim Dali Kürtçe Tefsir T.C. ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TEMEL İSLAM BİLİMLERİ (TEFSİR) ANABİLİM DALI KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEAL BAĞLAMINDA MELA MUHAMMED ŞOŞİKİ’NİN “NURA QELBAN” ADLI KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEAL Doktara Tezi Mehmet Tahir PEKİM Tez Danışmanları Prof. Dr. Mehmet Akif KOÇ Prof. Dr. Mehmet Halil ÇİÇEK ANKARA-2020 T.C. ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TEMEL İSLAM BİLİMLERİ (TEFSİR) ANABİLİM DALI KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEAL BAĞLAMINDA MELA MUHAMMED ŞOŞİKİ’NİN “NURA QELBAN” ADLI KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEAL Doktora Tezi Mehmet Tahir PEKİM Tez Danışmanları Prof. Dr. Mehmet Akif KOÇ Prof. Dr. Mehmet Halil ÇİÇEK ANKARA-2020 T.C. ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TEMEL İSLAM BİLİMLERİ (TEFSİR) ANABİLİM DALI KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEAL BAĞLAMINDA MELA MUHAMMED ŞOŞİKİ’NİN “NURA QELBAN” ADLI KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEAL Doktora Tezi Tez Danışmanları Prof. Dr. Mehmet Akif KOÇ Prof. Dr. Mehmet Halil ÇİÇEK Tez Jürisi Üyeleri Adı ve Soyadı İmzası Prof. Dr. Mehmet Akif KOÇ Prof. Dr. Halis ALBAYRAK Prof. Dr. Müfit Selim SARUHAN Prof. Dr. Mehmet ÜNAL Prof. Dr. Abdurrahman CANDAN Tez Sınavı Tarihi: 23 Temmuz 2020 TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜNE Bu belge ile bu tezdeki bütün bilgilerin akademik kurallara ve etik davranış ilkelerine uygun olarak toplanıp sunulduğunu beyan ederim. Bu kural ve ilkelerin gereği olarak, çalışmada bana ait olmayan tüm veri, düşünce ve sonuçları andığımı ve kaynağını gösterdiğimi ayrıca beyan ederim. (23/07/2020) Mehmet Tahir PEKİM İÇİNDEKİLER İÇİNDEKİLER .............................................................................................................................. I ÖNSÖZ ......................................................................................................................................... V KISALTMALAR ......................................................................................................................... VI GİRİŞ ............................................................................................................................................ 1 I. KÜRTLER ........................................................................................................................... 11 II. KÜRT DİLİ ........................................................................................................................ 17 III. KÜRT MEDRESELERİ ................................................................................................... 22 IV. ÖNEMLİ KÜRT ÂLİMLERİ ........................................................................................... 27 BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM ...................................................................................................................... 45 COĞRAFİ BÖLGELERE GÖRE KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEÂLLER ...................................... 45 1.1. KUZEY IRAK BÖLGESİNDE YAPILAN KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEÂL ÇALIŞMALARI ..................................................................................................................... 54 1.1.1. Tefsirler ............................................................................................................... 57 1.1.1.1. Mela Hüseyin Şeyh Sadî ve Jiyana İnsan Tefsira Qur’an Adlı Tefsiri ............. 57 1.1.1.2. Mela Muhammed Xwarzade ve Tîzkarê îman bo Qewmê Kurdan Adlı Tefsiri . 59 1.1.1.3. Mela Muhammed Koyî ve Tefsira Kûrdî li Ser Kelamê Xondî Adlı Tefsiri ...... 60 1.1.1.4. Mela Muhammed Xal ve Tefsira Xal Adlı Tefsiri ............................................. 62 1.1.1.5. Mela Abdulkerim el-Müderris ve Tefsira Namî bo Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Tefsiri 64 1.1.1.6. Mela Osman Abdulaziz ve Tefsira Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Tefsiri ......................... 67 1.1.1.7. Mela Mahmud Kelâlî ve Tefsira Rewan bo Tegihiştina Qur’an Adlı Tefsîri .... 69 1.1.1.8. Nizâmuddin Abdülhamit ve Tefsira Gûlşen Adlı Tefsiri ................................... 71 1.1.1.9. Mela Hüseyin Marnûsî, Cihâd Barzanî ve Tefsira Zanîn Rêka Têgihiştina Qur’anê Adlı Tefsirleri ................................................................................................... 72 1.1.1.10. Mela Said Zamnakoyî ve Tefsira Zamnakoyî Adlı Tefsiri ............................... 76 1.1.1.11. Mela Ahmed Kakê Mahmud ve Tefsira Raman li Mana û Mebesta Qur’an Adlı Tefsiri .............................................................................................................................. 77 I 1.1.2. Meâller ...................................................................................................................... 79 1.1.2.1. Burhan Muhammed Emin ve Tefsira Asan bo Tegihiştina Qur’an Adlı Meâli . 79 1.1.2.2. Seyyid Ali Şilanî ve Tefsira Ronahi ya Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Meâli ................... 80 1.1.2.3. Hüseyin Muhammed ve Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Meâli ........................................... 83 1.1.2.4. İsmail Taha Şahîn Sigêrî ve Tefsira Jiyan ya Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Meâli .......... 84 1.1.2.5. Tahsin İbrahim Doskî ve Tefsira Sanahî/et-Tefsirü’l-Müyesser Adlı Meâlî ...... 87 1.2. İRAN’DA YAPILAN KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEÂL ÇALIŞMALARI ........................ 93 1.2.1. Tefsirler ..................................................................................................................... 95 1.2.1.1. Nasır Subhanî ve Kürtçe Tefsir Çalışmaları ....................................................... 95 1.2.1.2. Mela Mahmud Ahmedî Dêkewlanî ve Tefsîra Gulbijêr Adlı Tefsiri ................. 96 1.2.1.3. Muzaffer Purtumah ve Tefsira Pır Şengê Nûrê Xweda Adlı Tefsiri .................. 98 1.2.1.4. Mustafa Xeremdıl ve Şenêy Rahmet Adlı Tefsiri ............................................... 99 1.2.1.5. Abdulkadir Tevhidî ve Tefsira Tewhidî adlı Tefsiri ......................................... 100 1.2.2. Meâller .................................................................................................................... 101 1.2.2.1. Muhammed Salih İbrâhîmî ve Wergeranê Qur’an Adlı Meâli ........................ 101 1.2.2.2. Hejâr el-Mukriyanî ve Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Meâli ........................................... 104 1.2.2.3. İbrahîm Merdûxî ve Tişkî le Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Meâli .................................. 105 1.3. TÜRKİYEDE YAPILAN KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEÂL ÇALIŞMALARI ................ 105 1.3.1. Tefsirler ................................................................................................................... 113 1.3.1.1. Mehmet Şirin Keskin ve Tefsira Şirîn Bi Ezmanê Kurdî Adlı Tefsiri ............. 113 1.3.1.2. Mehdi Okçu ve Beyânu’l-Kur’ân bi Zimanê Kurdî Adlı Tefsiri ...................... 116 1.3.2. Meâller .................................................................................................................... 119 1.3.2.1. Kamran Ali Bedirhan ve Ji Tefsira Qur’anê Adlı Meâli ................................. 119 II 1.3.2.2. Abdullah Varlı ve Qur’ana Pîroz û Arşa Wêya Bılınd Adlı Meâli .................. 121 1.3.2.3. Mehmet Demirdağ ve Meala Fîrûz Şerha Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Meâli ............. 124 1.3.2.4. Mehmet Top ve Ronahiya Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Meâli ..................................... 126 1.3.2.5. Hüseyin Gündüz, Said Yıldırım, Mehmet Seyhan ve Qur’ana Pîroz û Meala Wêya Kurdî Adlı Meâlleri ............................................................................................. 128 1.3.2.6. Hanifi Ballı, Abdülkerim Bingöl ve Qur’ana Pîroz Kurdî-Tirkî Meala wêya İcmalî (Wateya wê ya Kurt û Puxtedar) Adlı Meâli ..................................................... 131 1.3.3.7. Fikri Bozkurt ve Qur’ana Kerîm û Meala wêya Kurdî Adlı Meâli .................. 134 1.3.2.8. Mahmut Yılmaz ve Tefsira Mahmud/Wergêra Qur’ana Piroz bı Zimanê Kurdî Adlı Meâli ..................................................................................................................... 135 1.3.2.9. Abdullah Baykal ve Sîwana Qur’anê Meala Qur’ana Pîroz Adlı Meâli ......... 137 1.4. KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEÂLLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ ................................. 140 İKİNCİ BÖLÜM ....................................................................................................................... 149 MELA MUHAMMED ŞOŞİKÎ’NİN TEFSİRA QUR’ANÊ NURA QELBAN ADLI KÜRTÇE TEFSİR VE MEÂLİ ................................................................................................................. 149 2.1. MELA MUHAMMED ŞOŞİKİ (EDEBALİ) ................................................................ 149 2.1.1. Hayatı ...................................................................................................................... 149 2.1.2. Eserleri .................................................................................................................... 151 2.2. TEFSİRA QUR’ANÊ NURA QELBAN ADLI ÇALIŞMA ............................................. 151 2.2.1. TEFSİRA QUR’ANÊ NURA QELBAN TEFSİRİ ................................................. 157 2.2.1.1. Nura Qelban Tefsirinde Kur’ân İlimleri ve Şoşikînin Tefsir Metodu .............. 158 2.2.1.2. Nura Qelban Tefsirinde Fıkhi Tefsir ................................................................ 160 2.2.1.3. Nura Qelban Tefsirinde Bilimsel Tefsir ........................................................... 165 2.2.1.4. Nura Qelban Tefsirinde Arap Dili İlimleri ....................................................... 169 2.2.1.5. Nura Qelban Tefsirinde Esbâb-ı Nüzûl ............................................................ 178 2.2.1.6. Nura Qelban Tefsirinde Muhkem-Müteşâbih .................................................. 182 III 2.2.1.7. Nura Qelban Tefsirinde İsrâiliyât ....................................................................
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