ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACT ASSESSMENT

AND EMP REPORT

FOR

PROPOSED CEMENT PLANT

(500 TPD CLINKER & 500 TPD CEMENT)

LOCATED AT

DAG NO.: 141 to 146 & 151 of K. P. PATTA NO.: 3, 19, 21, & 9, VILLAGE AMBHER, 12TH MILE, JORABAT, MOUZA SONAPUR,

DISTRICT KAMRUP, ASSAM.

PROJECT PROPONENT:

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES

PREPARED BY:

en-VISIzn ENVIRO TECHNOLOGIES PVT. LTD.

2nd FLOOR, SHRI RAM COMPLEX, ABOVE BANK OF INDIA, NEAR KARGIL CHOWK, SURAT-DUMAS ROAD, PIPLOD, SURAT-395007 GUJARAT.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES Phone No.: (0261) 2223003, 2224004, Email Add.: [email protected] Website: www.en-vision.in

Accreditation by QCI / NABET

SEPT, 2015 151005_315032_100915

PREFACE

M/s. K R Associates is proposing to set up Cement Plant (500 TPD Clinker & 500 TPD Cement) at Dag No.: 141 to 146 & 151 of K. P. Patta No.: 3, 19, 21, & 9, Village Ambher, 12th Mile, Jorabat, Mouza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam.

In order to assess the likely impacts arising out of the proposed project, M/s. K R Associates had appointed M/s. En-vision Enviro Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Surat (Gujarat), to undertake the Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment (REIA) study for the various environmental components which may be affected, to assess the impact arising out of the proposed project and to prepare a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to minimize those adverse impacts.

The cooperation and assistance rendered by M/s. K R Associates in the preparation of this report is gratefully acknowledged.

M/s. En-vision Enviro Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF DRAFT EIA EMP REPORT

1.0 INTRODUCTION M/s. K R Associates is planning to set up 500 TPD clinker (Rotary Kiln) unit and 500 TPD Cement grinding (closed circuit) at Dag No. 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146 & 151, Patta No. 3, 19, 21 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat, Mauza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam. Category of the project is B under 3(b), (Cement Plants < 1.0 million tones/annum production capacity. All stand alone grinding units) but due to presence of Interstate boundary and Wild life sanctuary within 10 km radius of the project site. It has been be treated as category A project, as per Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its subsequent.

1.1 PROJECT COST The total Project Cost is Rs. 148.50 crore, it includes site development, building, all the plant machinery and its installation and Environment Protection measures cost. Total capital cost for environmental pollution control measures would be Rs. 5.02 crore and Recurring cost per annum would be Rs. 0.74 crore.

1.2 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT Land: Around 26,850.0 m2 private land is already acquired for the proposed Cement plant. Water: Total water requirement of the proposed project is 17.6 KL/day which shall be met through ground water using bore well. Electrical Energy: The estimated power requirement for the proposed project would be 3600 KW. Power will be sourced from Assam State Electricity Board. Fuel: For the proposed cement plant 100 lit/hr diesel will be required to run stand by D. G. Sets. Diesel will source from the nearest petrol pump. Manpower: Technically skilled / semi skilled and unskilled manpower is readily available in the area for establishment of the project. It is expected that there will be no dearth in availability of the required personnel for the proposed unit. Total 110 personals shall be employed for the proposed project. Raw Material Consumption Its Source, Availability & Transportation: The main raw material for the proposed project are limestone (520 Tonne/Day), Clay (60 Tonne/Day), Iron Dust (6.67 Tonne/Day) Coal (80 Tonne/Day), Fly Ash/Slag (96 Tonne/Day) and Gypsum (12 Tonne/Day). Lime Stone and Coal will be procured from the private mine owners located in Meghlaya and Assam, Fly Ash/slag from power plant located at West Bangal, Odisha, Jharkhand & Bihar, Gypsum from Bhutan. All the raw materials will be transported through trucks by road.

1.3 BRIEF PROCESS DESCRIPTION Cement is typically made from limestone and clay or shale. These raw materials are extracted from the quarry crushed to a very fine powder and then blended in the correct proportions. This blended raw material is called the 'raw feed’ or 'kiln feed' and is heated in a rotary kiln where it reaches a temperature of about 1,400 C to 1,500 oC. In its simplest form, the rotary kiln is a tube up to 200 meters long and perhaps 6 meters in diameter, with a long flame at one end.

The raw feed enters the kiln at the cool end and gradually passes down to the hot end, then falls out of the kiln and cools down. The material formed in the kiln is described as 'clinker' and is typically composed of rounded nodules between 1mm and 25mm across. After cooling, the clinker pass to the cement mill. The cement mill grinds the clinker to a fine powder. A small amount of gypsum a form of calcium sulfate is normally ground up with the clinker. The gypsum controls the setting properties of the cement when water is added.

1.4 SOURCES OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES The particulate emissions are among the most significant impacts of cement manufacturing.

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1.4.1 Air environment: Process Emission: There will be emission of particulate matter, Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide due to operation of Crusher, Hopper, Kiln, Cement Mill, packing section, etc. Utility Emission: Tow D. G. set is proposed to fulfill power requirement in case of power failure. Emission from these sources will not be continuous as the D. G. sets will be used during emergency or in case of power failure. Fugitive Emission: The fugitive dust emissions from the proposed plant would be significant and the sources will be as under: 1. Raw materials handling 2. Storage area 3. Materials transfer points (bucket elevators, conveyor belts) 4. Packing of cement 5. Loading and Unloading operations 6. Transportation of vehicles Air Pollution Control Measures The major sources of pollution are particulate matter along with Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide from the proposed cement plant.

The details of proposed stacks and air pollution control equipments are as under. NO. OF STACK POLLUTION CONTROL STACK STACK STACK ATTACHED TO EQUIPMENT HEIGHT DIAMETER Process Emission & its control measures 1. L/S Crusher Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.73 M 2. Hopper Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.60 M Raw Mill & Kiln Twin cyclone Separator followed by 78 M 2.05 M 3. Reverse pulse jet type bag filter 4. Blending Silo Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.5 M 5. Cooler Exhaust Stack Electrostatics Precipitator 30 M 1.47 M 6. Clinker Stockpile Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.8 M 7. Hopper Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.60 M Cement Mill Twin cyclone Separator followed by 30 M 0.75 M 8. Reverse pulse jet type bag filter Packing House Twin cyclone Separator followed by 30 M 0.8 M 9. Reverse pulse jet type bag filter 10. Coal Mill Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.8 M Utility Emission & its control measures 11. 2 nos. of D. G. Sets Acoustic Enclosure 9 M 0.3 M (600 KVA & 250 KVA) For emergency

Fugitive Emission Control measures: To control fugitive emissions, the following measures are proposed. • Raw materials loading and unloading will be done in the covered area. • Raw materials will be stored in the covered structure. • All the conveyors will be provided with conveyor cover. • The automatic bagging machine will be provided. The suction of bag filter will be provided at the packing section. • The sprinkling of water will be done along the internal roads in the plant in order to control the dust. • All the workers and officers working inside the plant will be provided with disposable dust masks. • Green belt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive emissions. • Bag filter will be cleaned regularly. • Maintenance of air pollution control equipments will be done regularly.

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1.4.2 Water Environment: Waste water generation and mitigation measure There will be no waste water generated due to the process. Only domestic wastewater will be generated which is 17.6 KL/day. The domestic waste water shall be diverted into a septic tank followed by soak pit/well.

1.4.3 Noise environment: The noise levels near the sources such as crusher, cement mill, D. G. Sets, material handling, loading unloading, etc. will be higher during the operational phase but general noise levels within plant are expected to remain below 75 dB(A). In order to mitigate the noise levels during the operational phase effective noise control measures like encasement of noise generating equipments, a thick greenbelt will be developed all around the plant boundary to act as noise attenuator, proper and suitable acoustic barrier will also be provided around areas generating high noise and effective preventive maintenance and vibration measurement of all rotating equipment will be taken.

1.4.4 Solid waste generation and its disposal method Dust collected from air pollution control equipment will be 100% recycled in the process. Other solid wastes will be used/spent oil and discarded drums and bags. The sources of solid wastes, generation and its management are as given in the following table.

TYPE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT DETAILS SR. HAZARDOUS SOURCE QUANTITY COLLEC- REUSE/ NO. DISPOSAL WASTE TION RECYCLE 1. Used/spent Prime 20 ltrs HDPE Reuse in plant for Sold to authorized re- Oil Movers Drums lubrication processors 2. Discarded Storages 30,000 nos. Bags - Returned to raw Bags Materials suppliers

1.5 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS The baseline environmental quality of Air, water, soil, noise, socioeconomic status and ecology has been assessed in the post monsoon season (November 2014 to January 2015) in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site.

1.5.1 Air Environment: The ambient air samples were collected from eight locations and analyzed for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx and CO for identification, prediction, evaluation and assessment of potential impact on ambient air environment. Design of network for ambient air quality monitoring location was based on guidelines provided by CPCB. The arithmetic mean values of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 , NOX and CO are found within permissible limit at all the locations. 1.5.2 Water Environment: To assess water quality, surface water and ground water samples were collected from eight different locations. Results of all the water parameters were found within permissible limit. 1.5.3 Noise Environment: Ambient noise level monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out. The noise levels of the study are found low and within the stipulated standards of CPCB for the respective designated areas. 1.5.4 Soil Environment: The general topography of the study area varies from low-lying plains to highland having small-hillocks. Soil samples were collected from eight different locations and physico-chemicals properties were analyzed. All the parameters are found within limit. 1.5.5 Socioeconomic Environment: Baseline information of socio-economic data has been collected from Census 2001 for the four major indicators viz. demography, civic amenities, economy and social culture, literacy, occupational structure.

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1.5.6 Ecology: Keeping in view, the importance of biological component of total environment due to the proposed project, biological characterization of terrestrial and aquatic environments, changes in species diversity of flora and fauna in terrestrial as well as aquatic systems were studied for impact analysis due to proposed project activity. The details of flora/fauna species and the wildlife habitat in the area covering 10 km radius have been collected to determine the existence of rare and/or endangered species. One sanctuary (i.e. Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary) and four reserved forests (i.e. Mylliem, RF, Marakdola RF, Khanapara RF and Garbhanga RF) present within the study area. There is no place of archeological/ historical/ religious/ tourist interest within 10 km radius of the plant.

1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 1.6.1 Air Environment: The increase in ground level concentrations due proposed project will be as following. With the following values if superimposed on the baseline concentrations, the post project ambient air quality found to be well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQ) except project. MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL GROUND LEVEL NO. PARAMETERS CONCENTRATION

1. PM10 19.4

2. SO2 20.5 3. NOx 19.3 1.6.2 Water environment: Only domestic waste water 3.6 KL/day shall be generated which will treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well. Rain water harvesting shall be carried out to recharge ground water which can improve water environment of the area. So, no adverse impact of proposed activities, on water quality is envisaged. 1.6.3 Land environment: Used/spent oil and Discarded Bags shall be generated as solid waste from the proposed project. These waste will be properly disposed as environmental friendly. So, there will be no significant impact on land environment. 1.6.4 Noise environment: The main sources of noise pollution in the plant would be crusher, cement mill, diesel generator and vehicular movement. Adequate noise control measures such as mufflers, silencers at the air inlet/outlet, anti vibration pad for equipment with high vibration, earmuff and earplugs to the operators etc. will be provided. However, the proposed green belt will help to reduce noise level. The adverse impact on occupationally exposed workers will not envisaged, as noise protection devices will be provided. 1.6.5 Ecological environment: No vegetation cover will be disturb during construction activities. More over a thick greenbelt will be developed around the boundary wall of the project site. Due to the proposed project air level of air pollutants will be increase but overall level of pollutants will be remain within national Ambient air quality standards. However a wild life conservation plan will be prepared and implemented. 1.6.6 Socioeconomic environment: Over all 75 persons will get direct or indirect employment due to proposed project. In addition to these company will contribute in socio economic development of the area.

1.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 1.7.1 Air Environment - All transfer points will have bag filter attached to them to control and capture dust emission. - Height of all the stacks will be as per statutory requirement. - Regular stack monitoring will be carried and records will be maintain - All the stacks will have Stack Monitoring Facility (SMF) consisting of sampling port-hole, platform and access ladder. - Adequate spares of critical components of dust collection systems will be kept to ensure trouble-free operations and continuous compliance to emission norms. - Transport vehicles will be properly maintained to reduce air emissions.

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- Vehicles will be periodically checked for pollutant emissions against stipulated norms. - Idle running of vehicles will be minimized during material loading / unloading operations.

1.7.2 Water Environment - Record of the water consumption will be maintain - Domestic waste water will be treated in septic tank and disposed off through soak pit/well. - Rain water harvesting will be done to recharge ground water or store for future use.

1.7.3 Noise Environment - Sheet metal casting and housing will be insulated with sound absorbing materials - Noise generating sources and their platforms will be maintained properly to minimize noise vibrations generated by them. - Personnel working near the noisy machines in different plant locations, will be provided with well designed ear muffs/plugs (effective noise reduction upto10-15 dBA) - Cement mill premises will have proper ventilation. - Green belt will be developed to act as a noise barrier. - Noise barriers in the form of walls, beams will be provided around the units wherever found feasible. - Training to personnel will be imparted to generate awareness about effects of noise and importance of using PPEs (Personal Protective Equipment).

1.7.4 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT About 8,860 Sq. mt. area i.e. 33% land area of total land shall be developed as greenbelt/green cover development at the proposed project site. Proper budgetary provision considering expenses incurred on saplings, soil handling, manuring, after care and maintenance will be made.

1.7.5 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL In addition to preparing an Environment Management Plan (EMP), it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up to ensure its effective implementation. Hence company will establish a team consisting of officers from various departments to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of the environmental control measures. This team will undertake the activity of monitoring the stack emissions, ambient air quality, noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever necessary. Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be carried-out to find out any deterioration in environmental quality and also to take corrective steps, if required, through respective internal departments.

1.8 CSR PLAN WITH PROPOSED EXPENDITURE To uplift the economic status of the surrounding villages, KRA will take up the following social welfare/development programmes for the villages in the vicinity, for which Rs. 3.72 crores is earmarked and will be utilized within 5 years.

- Eradicating hunger, poverty and malnutrition, promoting preventive health care and sanitation and making available safe drinking water. - Promoting education, including special education and employment enhancing vocation skills especially among children, women, elderly, and the differently abled and livelihood enhancement projects. - Promoting gender equality, empowering women, setting up homes and hostels for women and orphans. setting up old age homes, day care centres and such other facilities for senior citizens and measures for reducing inequalities faced by socially and economically backward groups. - Ensuring environmental sustainability, ecological balance, protection of flora and fauna, animal welfare, agroforestry, conservation of natural resources and maintaining quality of soil, air and water. - Protection of national heritage, art and culture including restoration of buildings and sites of historical importance and works of art; setting up public libraries; promotion and development of traditional arts and handicrafts. - Measures for the benefit of armed forces veterans, war widows and their dependents. - Training to promote rural sports, nationally recognised sports, paralympic sports and Olympic sports; - Contribution to the Prime Minister's National Relief Fund or any other fund set up by the Central Government for socio-economic development and relief and welfare of the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, other backward classes, minorities and women.

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- Contributions or funds provided to technology incubators located within academic institutions which are approved by the Central Government.

1.9 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM - All measures related to safety such as safety appliances, training, safety awards, posters, slogans will be undertaken. - The health of the workers will be regularly checked by a well qualified doctor and proper records will be kept for each worker. - The factory will take all reasonably practicable measures to minimize the risk of such accident in compliance with the legal obligation under the relevant safety. - All building plans and installations are as per relevant acts and duly approved by competent government authorities. - Training of workers and Staff for fire fighting, first aid, safe handling and integrating safety, in all activities. - Accident/Incident reporting system and information of employees about the same for better awareness. - Suitable notices/boards displayed at several locations indicating appropriate hazards warning as well as DO’s and DON’T for ensuring operational and personal Safety for information of workers/staff and visitors. - For the safety of the workers, personal protective equipments like hand gloves, helmets, safety shoes, goggles, aprons etc. & Ear protecting devices like earplugs/earmuffs will be provided. Nose mask will be provided at places, where there is possibility of dust generation.

1.10 POST PROJECT ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM EMP also details the Post Project Monitoring to be undertaken by the plant authorities in order to maintain environmental quality within the stipulated standard limits specified by State Pollution Control Board, CPCB and Ministry of Environment and Forests.

M/s. K R Associates will establish a dedicated Environmental cell to monitor and analyze the various environmental components of the cement plant. - Continuous Emission Monitoring at all the major stacks for continuous monitoring. - The wastewater samples will be collected regularly both at inlet and outlet of sewage treatment plant to assess the performance and compliance as per the norms. - Full-fledged environmental laboratory will be established in the plant. - Regular noise monitoring at all the high noise generating area - Ambient air quality monitoring in nearby villages

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INDEX

PAGE SR. NO. TITLE NO.

CHAPTER-1 : INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF EIA ...... 1-1 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT ...... 1-1 1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 1-2 1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ...... 1-2 1.5 REGULATORY FRAME WORK (COMPLIANCE TO TOR) ...... 1-2 1.6 STRUCTURE OF REPORT ...... 1-6

CHAPTER-2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION...... 2-1 2.2 PROJECT NEED...... 2-1 2.3 JUSTIFICATION REGARDING SELECTION OF SITE...... 2-1 2.4 PROJECT COST...... 2-1 2.5 PROJECT SETTING...... 2-2 2.5.1 LOCATION ...... 2-2 2.5.2 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS...... 2-3 2.5.3 MAP OF KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS...... 2-4 2.6 MAIN PHASES OF PROJECT...... 2-7 2.6.1 PRE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES...... 2-7 2.6.2 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVIETIES...... 2-7 2.6.3 PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES...... 2-7 2.6.3.1 RAW MATERIALS...... 2-7 2.6.3.1.1 RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION...... 2-7 2.6.3.1.2 RAW MATERIAL STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION...... 2-8 2.6.3.2 MANUFACTURING PROCESS...... 2-8 2.7 INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES ...... 2-9 2.7.1 LAND ...... 2-9 2.7.2 WATER SOURCE AND UTILIZATION...... 2-10 2.7.3 POWER REQUIRMENTS...... 2-11 2.7.4 FUEL REQUIREMENT ...... 2-11 2.7.5 MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS ...... 2-12 2.8 SOURCE OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES ...... 2-12 2.8.1 AIR POLLUTION ...... 2-12 2.8.1.1 SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION...... 2-12 2.8.1.2 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES...... 2-12 2.8.2 WATER POLLUTION ...... 2-13 2.8.3 NOISE POLLUTION AND CONTROL SYSTEM ...... 2-13 2.8.4 SOLID/HAZARDOUS POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES...... 2-13 2.9 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE...... 2-13

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PAGE SR. NO. TITLE NO.

CHAPTER-3 : BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

3.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF IMPACT ZONE...... 3-1 3.2 CLIMATE ...... 3-3 3.3 METEOROLOGY...... 3-3 3.3.1 TEMPERATURE DETAILS...... 3-3 3.3.2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH)...... 3-3 3.3.3 RAINFALL ...... 3-3 3.3.4 PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION...... 3-4 3.3.5 CLOUD COVER ...... 3-4 3.3.6 SITE SPECIFIC MICRO-METEOROLOGY DATA...... 3-4 3.4 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE AREA...... 3-6 3.5 DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE AREA...... 3-6 3.6 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-7 3.6.1 DESIGN OF NETWORK FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS 3-7 3.6.2 RECONNAISSANCE ...... 3-7 3.6.3 METHODOLOGY FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING ...... 3-7 3.6.4 RESULT & DISCUSSION ...... 3-10 3.6.5 CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RSPM...... 3-10 3.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-11 3.7.1 SOURCE OF WATER OF THE STUDY AREA...... 3-11 3.7.2 METHODOLOGY FOR WATER QUALITY MONITORING ...... 3-11 3.7.3 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER ...... 3-17 3.7.3.1 GROUND WATER...... 3-17 3.7.3.2 SURFACE WATER...... 3-17 3.7.4 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL STUDY...... 3-17 3.8 NOISE ENVIRONMENT...... 3-17 3.8.1 RECONNAISSANCE...... 3-17

3.8.2 EQUIVALENT SOUND LEVELS/EQUIVALENT CONTINUOUS EQUAL ENERGY LEVEL (LEQ). 3-17 3.8.3 METHODOLOGY FOR NOISE MONITORING ...... 3-18 3.8.4 BASELINE NOISE LEVELS ...... 3-19 3.8.5 COMMUNITY NOISE LEVELS ...... 3-19 3.9 LAND ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-19 3.9.1 METHODOLOGY FOR SOIL MONITORING ...... 3-19 3.9.2 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL ...... 3-20 3.10 NATURAL HAZARDS ...... 3-21 3.10.1 SEISMICITY AND EARTHQUAKES ...... 3-21 3.10.2 FLOOD HAZARD ...... 3-22 3.9.2 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL ...... 3-20 3.11 SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ...... 3-22 3.11.1 DEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS...... 3-22 3.11.2 POPULATION DENSITY AND SEX RATIO...... 3-25 3.11.3 LITERACY LEVEL OF THE STUDY AREA...... 3-26

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PAGE SR. NO. TITLE NO. 3.11.4 ANIMAL HUSBANDARY...... 3-27 3.11.5 AMENITIES...... 3-27 3.11.6 TYPE OF HOUSES...... 3-28 3.11.7 FUEL RESOURCES...... 3-28 3.12 PRESENT LAND USE PATTERN...... 3-28 3.12.1 LAND USE PATTERN BASED ON SATELLITE IMAGERY...... 3-28 3.12.1.1 METHOD OF DATA PREPARATION...... 3-28 3.12.1.2 AREA UNDER DIFFERENT LANDUSE...... 3-28 3.13 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION ...... 3-32 3.13.1 CLIMATE...... 3-32 3.13.2 FLORA ...... 3-32 3.13.2.1 NATURAL OR FOREST VEGETATION...... 3-32 3.13.2.2 CROPPING PATTERN OF THE REGION...... 3-32 3.13.3 FAUNA ...... 3-33 3.14 DETAILS OF THE OTHER INDUSTRIES LOCATED IN 10 KM RADIUS...... 3-33

CHAPTER-4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS ...... 4-1 4.2 PREDICTION AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS ...... 4-5 4.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 4-6 4.3.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES...... 4-6 4.3.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 4-6 4.3.2.1 METEOROLOGICAL INPUTS...... 4-7 4.3.2.2 MIXING HEIGHT...... 4-7 4.3.2.3 MODEL INPUT EMISSION DATA...... 4-7 4.3.2.4 MODEL OPTIONS USED FOR COMPUTATIONS...... 4-7 4.3.2.5 MODEL OUTPUT AND MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION...... 4-8 4.3.2.6 MITIGATION MEASURES...... 4-12 4.3.2.7 FUGITIVE EMISSION AND CONTROL MEASURES...... 4-12 4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT...... 4-13 4.4.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES...... 4-13 4.4.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES...... 4-13 4.4.3 GROUND WATER ABSTRACTION AND ITS IMPACT ON WATER SOURCE . . . . 4-13 4.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT ...... 4-13 4.5.1 SOURCES OF SOIL POLLUTION...... 4-13 4.5.2 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES...... 4-13 4.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ...... 4-14 4.6.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACT...... 4-14 4.6.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACT...... 4-14 4.6.3 MITIGATION MEASURES...... 4-14 4.7 SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD...... 4-14 4.8 IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION OF RAW MATERIALS & END PRODUCT. . . . . 4-14 4.8.1 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT...... 4-15

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PAGE SR. NO. TITLE NO. 4.8.2 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT...... 4-15 4.8.3 IMPACT ON TRAFFIC DENSITY...... 4-15 4.8.4 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT...... 4-15 4.9 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD...... 4-15 4.10 HOUSING ...... 4-15 4.11 ECOLOGY ...... 4-15 4.11.1 NATURAL VEGETATION ...... 4-15 4.11.2 CROPS ...... 4-15 4.11.3 FISHERIES AND AQUATIC LIFE...... 4-16 4.11.4 FOREST, NATIONAL PARKS / SANCTUARIES...... 4-16 4.12 AESTHETIC ENVIRONMENT...... 4-16 4.13 DEMOGRAPHY, ECONOMICS, SOCIOLOGY & HUMAN SETTLEMENT ...... 4-16 4.14 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES...... 4-16 4.15 PLACES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL/ HISTORICAL/ RELIGIOUS/ TOURIST INTEREST . 4-16 4.16 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS DUE TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT. . . . . 4-16 4.17 MATRIX REPRESENTATION...... 4-17 4.17.1 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART ...... 4-17

CHAPTER-5 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

5.1 INTRODUCTION...... 5-1 5.2 MONITORING SCHEDULE...... 5-1

CHAPTER-6 : RISK ASSESSMENT AND DAMAGE CONTROL

6.1 INTRODUCTION...... 6-1 6.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY...... 6-1 6.3 PHILOSOPHY AND METHODOLOGY OF RISK ASSESSMENT...... 6-1 6.4 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS ...... 6-2 6.4.1 PROBABLE EMERGENCIES AT PLANT SITE...... 6-2 6.4.1.1 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS & ITS CONTROL MEASURES...... 6-2 HAZARD DUE TO COLLAPSE OF BUILDING, HEAVY STRUCTURE OF PLANT 6.4.1.2 6-3 MACHINERIES...... 6.4.1.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS...... 6-3 6.4.1.3.1 DUST EXPOSURE...... 6-3 6.4.1.3.2 NOISE EXPOSURE...... 6-4 6.4.1.3.3 HEAT STRESS...... 6-5 6.4.1.3.4 ILLUMINATION...... 6-6 6.4.1.3.5 ERGONOMICS...... 6-7 6.4.1.4 NATURAL HAZARDS AND ITS CONTROL MEASURES...... 6-8 6.4.1.4.1 EARTHQUAKE HAZARD...... 6-8 6.4.1.4.2 HEAVY RAIN FALL...... 6-8 6.4.1.4.3 FLOOD HAZARD...... 6-8 6.4.1.4.4 FIRE...... 6-8 6.4.1.4.5 CYCLONE...... 6-8

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PAGE SR. NO. TITLE NO. 6.4.1.4.6 DISASTER SPECIFIC PRONENESS TO VARIOUS TYPES OF HAZARDS ...... 6-9 6.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN...... 6-9 6.5.1 INTRODUCTION...... 6-9 6.5.2 OBJECTIVES OF PLAN...... 6-9 6.5.3 SCOPE OF PLAN...... 6-9 6.5.4 BASIS OF PLAN...... 6-9 6.5.5 POST DISASTER ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION...... 6-10 THE AVAILABILITY, ORGANIZATION, AND UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES FOR 6.5.6 6-10 EMERGENCIES...... 6.5.6.1 ALARM RAISER...... 6-11 6.5.6.2 INCIDENT CONTROLLER (IC)...... 6-11 6.5.6.3 SITE MAIN CONTROLLER (SMC) ...... 6-11 6.5.6.4 ESSENTIAL WORKERS (EW) ...... 6-12 6.5.6.5 OTHER KEY PERSONNEL...... 6-12

CHAPTER-7 : PROJECT BENEFITS

7.1 INTRODUCTION...... 7-1 7.2 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE...... 7-1 7.3 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES...... 7-1 7.4 INDUSTRIES...... 7-1 7.5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES ...... 7-1

CHAPTER-8 : ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1 INTRODUCTION...... 8-1 8.2 PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN...... 8-1 8.3 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN...... 8-1 8.3.1 DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE...... 8-1 8.3.1.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 8-1 8.3.1.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT...... 8-2 8.3.1.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT...... 8-2 8.3.1.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT...... 8-2 8.3.1.5 SOLID WASTE...... 8-2 8.3.1.6 ECOLOGY ...... 8-3 8.3.1.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC...... 8-3 8.3.2 DURING OPERATION PHASE...... 8-3 8.3.2.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT...... 8-3 8.3.2.1.1 ACTION PLAN TO CONTROL FUGITIVE EMISSIONS AS PER CPCB GUIDELINES. . 8-3 8.3.2.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT...... 8-4 8.3.2.2.1 ACTION PLAN FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING...... 8-5 8.3.2.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT...... 8-5 8.3.2.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT...... 8-5

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PAGE SR. NO. TITLE NO. 8.3.2.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT...... 8-6 8.3.2.5.1 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION PLAN...... 8-6 8.3.2.5.2 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT...... 8-6 8.3.2.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM...... 8-7 8.3.2.6.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE OF THE WORKER...... 8-8 8.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL...... 8-8 8.5 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ...... 8-9 8.6 REPORTING SYSTEM TO THE DIRECTORS ...... 8-9 CONCEPT OF WASTE-MINIMISATION, RECYCLE/REUSE/RECOVER 8-9 8.7 TECHNIQUES, ENERGY CONSERVATION, AND NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION ...... 8.8 BUDGETORY PROVISIONS FOR EMP...... 8-10

CHAPTER-9 : SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

9.0 INTRODUCTION...... 9-1 9.1 PROJECT COST...... 9-1 9.2 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT ...... 9-1 9.3 BRIEF PROCESS DESCRIPTION ...... 9-1 9.3 SOURCES OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES ...... 9-2 9.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 9-2

9.5 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS ...... 9-3 9.6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 9-4 9.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 9-4 9.8 CSR PLAN WITH PROPOSED EXPENDITURE ...... 9-5 9.9 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM ...... 9-6 9.10 POST PROJECT ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM ...... 9-6 9.11 CONCLUSION...... 9-6

CHAPTER-10 : CONSULTANT ENGAGED

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. I - 6

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE PAGE TITLE NO. NO.

1.1 COMPLIANCE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE ...... 1-2

2.1 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT ...... 2-1 2.2 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT FOR EPCM ...... 2-2 2.3 DISTANCE OF NEAREST KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES FROM PROJECT SITE 2-4 2.4 LIST OF PROPOSED PRODUCTION CAPACITY ...... 2-7 2.5 LIST OF RAW MATERIALS WITH ITS REQUIRED QUANTITY...... 2-7 2.6 STORAGE DETAILS...... 2-7 2.7 MATERIAL BALANCE...... 2-9 2.8 LAND USE BREAKUP OF THE TOTAL PLOT AREA...... 2-10 2.9 WATER CONSUMPTION AND WASTE WATER GENERATION...... 2-10 2.10 ENERGY CONSUMPTION...... 2-11 2.11 FUEL REQUIREMENT...... 2-11 2.12 DETAILS OF STACKS WITH AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM ...... 2-12 2.13 DETAILS SOLID/HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD 2-13 2.14 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ...... 2-14

3.1 PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION...... 3-4 3.2 SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA...... 3-4 3.3 DETAILS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS...... 3-7 3.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS ...... 3-9 3.5 CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION ANALYSIS OF RSPM...... 3-10 3.6 DETAILS OF GROUND AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING LOCATIONS. . . . . 3-11 3.7 BASELINE GROUND WATER QUALITY ...... 3-13 3.8 BASELINE SURFACE WATER QUALITY...... 3-15 3.9 DETAILS OF LOCATION OF BACKGROUND NOISE MONITORING STATIONS. . . . 3-18 3.10 BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS...... 3-19 3.11 SAMPLING LOCATIONS: SOIL QUALITY...... 3-19 3.12 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL...... 3-20 3.13 SIGNIFICANT EARTHQUAKES IN ASSAM ...... 3-22 3.14 TEHSIL WISE POPULATION WITHIN STUDY AREA ...... 3-22 3.15 DEMOGRAPHY PATTERN IN STUDY AREA...... 3-23 3.16 POPULATION DENSITY AND SEX RATIO...... 3-25 3.17 LITERACY RATE...... 3-26 3.18 AREA STATISTICS OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER MAP...... 3-29 3.19 MAJOR INDUSTRIES IN THE STUDY AREA...... 3-34

4.1 DETAILS OF EMISSION FROM STACKS ...... 4-7

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TABLE PAGE TITLE NO. NO.

4.2 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATIONOF PM, SO2 AND NOX . . . . . 4-9

4.3 SUMMARY OF ISCST3 MODEL OUTPUT FOR PM, SO2 & NOX...... 4-9 4.4 HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD...... 4-11

4.5 POTENTIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATIVE MEASURES ...... 4-13 4.6 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX (CONSTRUCTION PHASE)...... 4-15 4.7 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX (OPERATION PHASE)...... 4-15 4.8 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART (OPERATION PHASE)...... 4-16

5.1 PROPOSED MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS. . . 5-1

6.1 HEAT STRESS, SYMPTOMS & MEDICAL TREATMENT...... 6-6 6.2 PROBABLE ILLUMINATION...... 6-6 6.3 PROBABLE NATURAL HAZARD IN DISTRICT KAMRUP...... 6-9

8.1 FOUR YEAR BUDGETARY PROVISIONS FOR GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT. . . . . 8-7 8.2 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (RS. IN LAKHS) . . . . . 8-9

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE TITLE NO. NO.

2.1 DETAILED MAP OF KAMRUP DISTRICT SHOWING PROJECT LOCATION. . . . . 2-3 2.2 GOOGLE MAP OF THE PROJECT...... 2-3 2.3 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS ...... 2-5 2.4 LAYOUT OF THE PLANT ...... 2-6 2.5 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM ...... 2-9 2.6 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM...... 2-11

3.1 LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE WITH STUDY AREA...... 3-2 3.2 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM...... 3-5 3.3 DIGITAL ELEVEATION MODEL (10 KM RADIUS FROM PROJECT SITE)...... 3-6 3.4 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS ...... 3-8 3.5 LOCATIONS OF WATER SAMPLING STATIONS...... 3-12 3.6 SEISMIC ZONE MAP OF ASSAM ...... 3-21 3.7 SC & ST IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001) ...... 3-23 3.8 LITERACY LEVEL IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001) ...... 3-24 3.9 (A) EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001) ...... 3-24 3.9 (B) EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001) ) ...... 3-24 3.10 BREAK UP OF MAIN WORKERS (CENSUS 2001) ...... 3-24 3.11 BREAK UP OF MARGINAL WORKERS (CENSUS 2001)...... 3-25 3.12 POPULATION DENSITIES AND SEX RATIO (CENSUS 2001)...... 3-25 3.13 LITERACY RATE (CENSUS 2001)...... 3-26 3.14 GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER...... 3-29 3.15 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP OF 10 KM RADIUS FROM STUDY AREA...... 3-30 3.16 LAYOUT OF RAW SATELLITE IMAGERY (10 KM RADIUS)...... 3-31

4.1 IMPACT NETWORK ON AIR ENVIRONMENT ...... 4-1 4.2 IMPACTS ON SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT...... 4-2 4.3 IMPACTS ON GROUND WATER ENVIRONMENT...... 4-2 4.4 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT ...... 4-3 4.5 IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT ...... 4-3 4.6 IMPACT NETWORK ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT . . . 4-4 4.7A EQUAL CONCENTRATION CONTOUR PLOT FOR PM ...... 4-9 4.7B EQUAL CONCENTRATION CONTOUR PLOT FOR SO2 ...... 4-10 4.7C EQUAL CONCENTRATION CONTOUR PLOT FOR NOx ...... 4-11

8.1 AN ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL...... 8-8

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LIST OF ANNEXURE

ANNEXURE PAGE TITLE NO. NO.

I TERMS OF REFERENCE LETTER AWARDED BY MOEFCC...... A-1 II PHOTOGRAPHS OF PLANT AREA...... A-12 III LAND AGREEMENT DOCUMENTS...... A-13 IV CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA...... A-19 V NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) (2009)...... A-21 VI INDIAN STANDARDS/SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRIINKING WATER IS: 10500-1991. A-24 VII CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND SURFACE WATER (CPCB STANDARDS)...... A-27 VIII CPCB RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COMMUNITY NOISE EXPOSURE (1989). . . . A-28 DAMAGE RISK CRITERIA FOR HEARING LOSS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY& IX A-29 HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)...... X FLOOD HAZARD ZONATION MAP OF THE STUDY AREA...... A-30 XI LIST OF FLORA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA ...... A-31 XII LIST OF FAUNA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA...... A-35 ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF XIII A-37 FUGITIVE EMISSIONS FROM CEMENT PLANTS ...... XIV PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING MONITORING AND SAMPLING...... A-47 XV ACTION PLAN TO COMPLY CREP GUIDELINES ...... A-49 XVI CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF MAJOR RAW MATERIAL ...... A-50 XVII RAW DATA OF ALL AAQ MEASUREMENT ...... A-55

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CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF EIA An EIA is a systematic process that predicts and evaluates the potential impacts a proposed project may have on aspects of the physical, biological, socio-economic and human environment. Mitigation measures are then developed and incorporated into the project to eliminate, minimize or reduce adverse impacts and, where practicable, to enhance benefits. This introductory chapter presents an overview of the project, provides details of the EIA team and outlines the approach taken to undertake the EIA. In addition the structure of the remainder of the report is outlined.

This Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment study is carried out as a part of the process to obtain Environmental Clearance for the proposed project of M/s. K R Associates. The proposed project is categorized as B under 3(b), (Cement Plants < 1.0 million tones/annum production capacity) but due to presence of Interstate boundary and Wild life sanctuary within 10 km radius of the project site project is treated as category A project, as per Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its subsequent.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT PROPONENT M/s. K R Associates is a partnership firm incorporated on 1st August 2009. The firm proposed to setup a 500 TPD clinker (Rotary Kiln) unit and 500 TPD Cement grinding (closed circuit) on a plot of land measuring 26,850 Sq.mt. The registered office of the Partnership firm located at House No.:62, Bye Lane-2, Tarun Nagar, G. S. Road, Guwahati, Assam.

There are five partners of the firm. Name of all partners and their profit sharing ratio are as follows:

Shri Deepak Kayal - 35 % Shri Manoj Kumar Kayal - 20 % Smt. Kiran Kayal - 25 % Smt. Madhu Modi - 15 % M/s. Jumbo Cement (India) Private Limited - 05 %

The detailed background of the promoters is given as follows:

Shri Manoj Kumar Kayal: Shri Manoj Kumar Kayal is son of Late Sanwarmal Kayal & aged about 42 years. He has completed his graduation in commerce in the year 1989 from Dibrugarh University. He is a renowned business of Dibrugarh having business experience of 15 years. He is well experienced in manufacturing, sales & marketing. He is born & brought up in Dibrugarh & at present residing at Anandlok Building, Abhay Chand Dutta Lane, F.A. Road, Kumarpara, Guwahati in the District of Kamrup (Assam). Presently he is associated with M/s. Swastik Food Products as a proprietor, M/s. Ganpati Roller Flour Mills as a proprietor, M/s. Manoj Enterprises as a proprietor and M/s. Shree Properties as a partner.

Smt. Kiran Kayal: Smt. Kiran Kayal is wife of Shri Manoj Kayal & aged about 36 years. She has passed her higher secondary from Tinsukia in the year 1990. She is helping her husband in day-to-day business. She is presently residing at Anandlok Building, Abhay Chand Dutta Lane, F.A. Road, Kumarpara, Guwahati in the District of Kamrup (Assam).

Smt. Madhu Modi: Smt. Madhu Modi, wife of Shri Pramod Modi aged about 48 Years resident of Titabar in the district of Jorhat (Assam). She is Higher Secondary passed. She is sister of one of the partner Manoj Kayal and she will contribute to the capital and also help in day-to-day management of the business.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 1-1

M/s. Jumbo Cement (India) Private. Limited: M/s. Jumbo Cement (India) Private Limited, incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 having its registered office at House No. 62, Bylane No.2, ABC, Tarun Nagar, G.S. Road, Guwahati - 781005 in the district of Kamrup, Assam.

1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT M/s. K R Associates proposes to set up a 500 TPD Clinker and 500 TPD Cement plant at Dag No.: 141 to 146 & 151 of Patta No.: 3, 19, 21 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat under Mouza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam.

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The scope of work of REIA/EMP studies of the proposed project of M/s. K R Associates includes detailed characterization of various environmental components such as micro-meteorology, air, noise, water, land and socio economy within 10 km radius from the proposed plant. The main objectives of the study are:- • To identify and quantify significant impacts due to various operations of the proposed project on various environmental components through prediction of impacts. • To evaluate the beneficial and adverse impacts of the proposed plant. • To evaluate and implement the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) detailing control measures and its efficiency to minimize the pollution levels within the permissible norms. • To assess the probable risks, likely to occur in unit and suggest appropriate measures to avoid the same. • To design an occupational health & safety plan for the employees. • To design post project monitoring plan for regulating the environmental quality within the limits and help in sustainable development of the area.

1.5 REGULATORY FRAME WORK (COMPLIANCE TO TOR) Environment clearance application along with Form-I to Ministry of Environment and Forest was submitted and subsequently TOR meeting was held and formal TOR for EIA study was received.

The EIA/EMP Report has been prepared in line with Terms of Reference (TOR) suggested by Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry) vide F. No. J-11011/139/20I5-IA II (I) dated, 20th August, 2015 attached as an Annexure-I. The compliance of Terms of Reference (regulatory scoping carried out as per TOR) in following table-1.1.

TABLE - 1.1 COMPLIANCE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE GENERIC TERMS OF REFERENCE (TOR) IN RESPECT OF INDUSTRY SECTOR 1. Executive Summary 2. Introduction i Details of the EIA Consultant including NABET accreditation Refer chapter-10 ii Information about the project proponent Refer section 1.2 on page no. 1-1 of chapter-1. iii Importance and benefits of the project Refer chapter-7. 3 Project Description i Cost of project and time of completion Refer section 2.4 on page 2-1 and refer section 2.9 on page no. 2-13 of chapter-2. ii Products with capacities for the proposed project Refer section no. 2.6.3 on page no. 2-7. iii If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities and Not Applicable, this is green field whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of earlier project.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 1-2

NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE EC if any iv List of raw materials required and their source along with mode of Refer section 2.6.3.1 on page no 2-7 transportation of chapter-2. v Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage Refer section 2.6.3.1 on page no 2-7 capacities of chapter-2. vi Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and their Refer section 2.8 on page no 2-12 management of chapter-2 vii Requirement of water power, with source of supply, status of Refer section 2.7 on page no. 2-9 of approval, water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular chapter-2. and contract). viii Process description along with major equipments and machineries, Refer section 2.6.3.2 on page no. 2- process flow sheet (quantitative) from raw material to products to be 8 of chapter-2. provided ix Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems Refer subsequent section of chapter-6. x Expansion/modernization proposals - a Copy of all the Environmental Clearance(s) including Amendments Not Applicable, this is green field thereto obtained for the project from MOEF/SEIAA shall be project. attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliance of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearances including Amendments shall be provided. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing /existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be attached with the EIA- EMP report b In case the existing project has not obtained environmental clearance Not Applicable, this is green field reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the EIA project. Notification 1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006 shall be provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted 4 Site Details i Location of the project site covering village, Taluka/Tehsil, District Refer section 2.5 on page no. 2-2 and State. Justification for selecting the site, whether other sites and refer section 2.3 on page no. 2- were considered. 1 of chapter-2. ii A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location Refer section 2.5.3 on page no. 2-4 on 1:50.000/1:25.000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet, (including all eco- and figure no. 2.3 on page no. 2-5 sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places) of chapter-2. iii Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site Refer section 2.5.1 on page no. 2-2 of chapter-2. iv Google map-Earth downloaded of the project site Refer figure-2.2 on page 2-3 of chapter-2. v Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit Refer figure-2.4 on page 2-6 of indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If chapter-2. located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate vi Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site. If Refer Annexure-II on page no. existing. Show photographs of plantation/green be It. in particular A-12 of annexure. vii Landuse break-up of total land of the project site (identified and Refer section 2.7.1 on page no. 2-10

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 1-3

NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE acquired), government/private - agricultural, forest, wasteland, water of chapter-2. bodies, settlements, etc shall be included, (not required for industrial area) viii A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10 Refer section 3.14 on page no. 3-33 km radius) shall be incorporated. Land use details of the study area of chapter-3. ix Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area Refer section 3.7.3 on page no. 3-17 shall be included of chapter-3. x Details of Drainage of the project upto 5km radius of study area. If Refer section 3.5 on page no. 3-6 of the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peak and lean chapter-3. season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based No major river located within 1 km on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of radius from the project site. the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be Refer annexure-X on page no. A-30 provided, (mega green field projects) of annexure for Flood hazard zonation map. xi Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage of Refer section 2.7.1 on page no. 2-9 the acquisition process and expected time of complete possession of of chapter-2 the land xii R&R details in respect of land in line with state Government policy No R&R involve. 5 Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable): i Permission and approval for the use of forest land (forestry Not Applicable, No forest land will clearance), if any. and recommendations of the State Forest be utilized. Department, (if applicable) ii Landuse map based on High resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of Not Applicable, No forest land will the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects be utilized. involving forest land more than 40 ha). iii Status of Application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry Forestry clearance s not required clearance along with latest status shall be submitted because this project does not involved any type of forest land. iv The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks, Applied for and will be Sanctuaries. Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild incorporated after public hearing. Animals, the project proponent shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis- a-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon. v Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief Wildlife Applied for and will be Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I incorporated after public hearing. fauna, if any exists in the study area. Refer section 8.3.2.5.1 on page no. 8-6 of chapter-8. vi Copy of application submitted for clearance under the Wildlife Will be applied along with final (Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National EIA&EMP Report after Public Board for Wildlife hearing. 6 Environmental Status i Environmental Status: Refer section 3.3.6 on page no. 3-4 Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and of chapter-3. site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall.

ii AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, Refer section 3.6 on page no. 3-7 of NOx, CO and other parameters relevant to the project shall be chapter-3. collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests iii Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations as Refer Annexure-XVII on page no. per frequency given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009 along A-55 of annexure.

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NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE with - min., max., average and 98% values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be provided as an annexure to the EIA Report iv Surface water quality of nearby River (60m upstream and Refer section 3.7 on page no. 3-11 downstream) and other surface drains at eight locations as per of chapter-3 CPCB/MoEF&CC guidelines v Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river identified by Site does not falls near to polluted the CPCB/MoEF&CC stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC. vi Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations shall be Refer section 3.7 on page no. 3-11 included of chapter-3 vii Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area Refer section 3.8 on page no. 3-17 of chapter-3 viii Soil Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines Refer section 3.9 on page no. 3-19 of chapter-3 ix Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of vehicles for Refer section 4.8 on page no. 4-14 transportation of materials, additional traffic due to proposed of chapter-4. project, parking arrangement, etc. x Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) Refer section 3.13 on page no. 3-32 existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to of chapter-3 and refer section rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found 8.3.2.5.1 on page no. 8-6 of chapter- within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared 8. and furnished xi Socio-economic status of the study area Refer section 3.11 on page no. 3-22 of chapter-3 7 Impact Assessment and Environment Management Plan i Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the Refer section 4.3 on page no. 4-6 of stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. In chapter-4. case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modelling shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be well assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modeling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any ii Water Quality modelling - in case, if the effluent is proposed to be No waste water will be discharge discharged in to the local drain, then Water Quality Modelling study from the proposed project as zero should be conducted for the drain water taking into consideration the discharge concept will be followed. upstream and downstream quality of water of the drain iii Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end products on the Refer section 4.8 on page no. 4-14 surrounding environment shall be assessed and provided. In this of chapter-4. regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road transport or conveyor-cum-rail transport shall be examined iv A note on treatment of wastewater from different plant operations, No industrial effluent will be extent recycled and reused for different purposes shall be included. generated from the proposed Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated project. and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards of discharge under E(P) Rules v Details of stack emission and action plan for control of emissions to Refer section 4.3 on page no. 4-6 of meet standards. chapter-4. vi Measures for fugitive emission control Refer section 4.3.2.7 on page no. 4-

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 1-5

NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE 12 of chapter-4. vii Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage, utilization Refer section 2.8.4 on page no. 2-13 and disposal. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of solid and of chapter-2 and section 8.3.2.4 on hazardous waste shall also be included. EMP shall include the page no. 8-5 of chapter-8. concept of waste-minimization. recycle/reuse/recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation viii Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash No fly ash will be generated from Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided the proposed project. ix Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area i.e. Refer section no 8.3.2.5.2 on page land with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of species, no. 8-6 of chapter-8. width of plantation. planning schedule etc. shall be included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated x Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be Refer section 8.3.2.2.1 on page no. submitted to harvest rainwater from the rooftops and storm water 5 of chapter-8. drains to recharge the ground water and also to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water requirement from other sources xi Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental Refer section 8.8 on page no 8-10 pollution control measures shall be included of chapter-8. xii Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring shall be Refer subsequent sections of submitted Chapter-5. xiii Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and Man-made) Preparedness Refer subsequent section of and Emergency Management Plan including Risk Assessment and chapter-6. damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan 8 Occupational health i Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the Refer subsequent section 6.4.1.3 on exposure levels of above mentioned hazards and whether they are page no. 6-3 of chapter-6. within Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PHI, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved ii Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If the Proposed project is green field workers" health is being evaluated by pre designed format, chest x project hence no data is available. rays. Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECO, during pre placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise iii Annual report of heath status of workers with special reference to Proposed project is green field Occupational Health and Safety project hence no data is available. iv Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety Refer section 8.3.2.6 on page no. 8- of all contract and casual workers. 7 and section 8.8 on page no. 8-10 of chapter-8. 9 Corporate Environment Policy i Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy Refer section 8.5 on page 8-9 of approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the chapter-8. E1A report. ii Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating Refer section 8.5 on page 8-9 of process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation chapter-8. / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 1-6

NO. TERMS OF REFERENCE COMPLIANCE iii What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the Refer section 8.4 on page 8-8 of company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring chapter-8. compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given iv Does the company have system of reporting of non compliances / Refer section 8.6 on page 8-9 of violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the chapter-8. company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report 10 Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, fuel, Refer section 4.8 on page 4-14 of restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction chapter 4 and section 8.3.1.7 on as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during page 8-3 of chapter-8. operation phase. 11 Enterprise Social Commitment (ESC) Adequate funds (atleast 2.5 % of the project cost) shall be earmarked Refer section 7.5 on page no. 7-1 of towards the Enterprise Social Commitment based on Public Hearing chapter-7. issues and item-wise details along with time bound action plan shall be included. Socioeconomic development activities need to be elaborated upon 12 Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order No litigation is pending. passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case 13 'A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above Refer table 1.1 on age no. 1-2 of TORs chapter-1. ADDITIONAL TORs FOR CEMENT INDUSTRY 1 Limestone and coal linkage documents along with the status of Lime stone and coal will be environmental clearance of limestone and coal mines. procured from the local suppliers of 2 Quantum of production of coal and limestone from coal & limestone open market and the copy of mines and the projects they cater to. agreement between supplier and the company is attached as annexure- XVIII. 3 Present land use shall be prepared based on satellite imagery. High- Refer section 3.9 on page no. 3-19 resolution satellite image data having 1m – 5m spatial resolution like of chapter-3. quickbird, Ikonos. IRS P-6 pan sharpened etc. for the 10 Km radius area from proposed site. The same shall be used for land used/land- cover mapping of the area 4 If the raw materials used have trace elements, an environment Refer annexure-XVI on page no. A- management plan shall also be included. 50 of annexure. 5 Plan for the implementation of the recommendations made for the Refer Annexure-XV on page no. A- cement plants in the CREP guidelines must be prepared 49 of Annexure. 6 Energy consumption per ton of clinker and cement grinding Refer section 2.6.3.2 on page no. 2- 8 and table 2.7 on page no. 2-9 of chapter-2. 7 Provision of waste heat recovery boiler There will be no provision of waste heat recovery boiler 8 Arrangement for co-processing of hazardous waste in cement plant Arrangement for co-processing of hazardous waste in cement plant will be done as per the direction of SPCB if possible. 9 Trace metals in waste material especially slag There will be no slag generation from the proposed project operation.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 1-7

1.6 STRUCTURE OF REPORT The objective of the EIA study is a preparation of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) report based on the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) and CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board). It incorporates the followings: • Chapter 1 is an Introduction to the Industry, their premises and surrounding areas. It also expresses the basic objectives and methodologies for EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) studies and work to be covered under each Environmental component. • Chapter 2 presents a Description of Project and Infrastructure facilities including all industrial and environmental aspects of M/s. K R Associates during operation phase activities as well as manufacturing process details of proposed product. This chapter also gives information about raw material storage and handling, water and wastewater quantitative details, air pollution and control system, Hazardous Waste generation, storage facility and disposal and utilities for proposed production capacity of plant. It also provides information about proposed Environmental Management Facilities available at the project site. • Chapter 3 covers Baseline Environmental Status including meteorological details, Identification of baseline status of Environmental components of the surrounding area covering air, water and land environment, study of land use pattern, Biological Environment & Socio-Economic Environment giving details about District Kamrup and the study area in terms of land use pattern, biological environment, and socio-economic environment. • Chapter 4 deals with Identification and Prediction of Impact, which provides quantification of significant impacts of the proposed activities of plant on various environmental components. Evaluation of the proposed pollution control facilities has been presented. • Chapter 5 describes Environment Monitoring Program to be adopted. • Chapter 6 gives the information of additional studies like Risk assessment studies and Disaster management plan that is adopted by the company. • Chapter 7 gives the benefits of the proposed project. • Chapter 8 describes Environment Management Plan (EMP) to be adopted for mitigation of anticipated adverse impacts if any and to ensure acceptable impacts. • Chapter 9 gives the summary of the project report. • Chapter 10 gives the information of consultants.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 1-8

CHAPTER – 2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES

2.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION M/s. K R Associates proposes to set up a Cement Plant to manufacture 500 Clinker and 500 TPD cement at Dag No.: 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, & 151, K. P. Patta No.: 3, 19, 21, & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat under Mouza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam. The project is to be set up in an area of land measuring 26,850.0 m2.

2.2 PROJECT NEED India is the world's second largest producer of cement after China, with cement companies adding nearly 11 million tonnes (MT) capacity during April-September 2009, taking the total installed capacity to around 231 MT by September 2009. According to the latest report from the working group on the industry for the 12th five-year Plan (2012-17), India would require overall cement capacity of around 480 million tonnes. This would mean the industry will have to add another 150 million tonnes of capacity during the period. Indian cement industry comprises of nearly 500 large Plants. India has per capita consumption of mere 125 kg as against China of 800 kg, 960 kg of South Korea and 450 kg of Thailand remains one of the lowest, as compared to the world average of 267 kg. This indicates that there is substantial latent demand for cement in the country. Considering these statistics, there seems to be a good scope for cement consumption to increase over the years. Thus, the cement industry is a one of the core sector for the growth of the country. Cement is one of the most basic construction materials, and hence, an essential item for the infrastructure development of the country. Fast rising Government Expenditure on Infrastructure sector in India has resulted in a higher demand of cement in the country.

2.3 JUSTIFICATION REGARDING SELECTION OF PROJECT SITE The present site was selected based on environmental consideration and other factors listed below: 1. Demand of the product in the area. 2. Present site does not disturb any prime agricultural land. 3. Easy to receive imported raw materials. 4. Transport accessibility for raw materials and finished goods. 5. Where environmental impact should below. 6. The demand of cement is high in the North eastern region. 7. In order to avoid transportation including raw materials, which involves a fair share of economy, the present set up was thought to be a viable one. 8. Looking to the availability of basic needs, like water, electricity, fuel and manpower in the area.

2.4 PROJECT COST The total Project Cost is Rs. 148.0 crore. It includes site development, building, all the plant Machinery and its installation and Environment Protection measures cost. Break up of proposed investment and investment for the environment control measure is given in following table-2.1 & table-2.2 respectively.

TABLE-2.1 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT SR. NO. DESCRIPTION RS. IN CRORE 1. Land & Site Development 20.0 2. Building & Civil Works 32.0 3. Plant & Machinery 43.5 4. Electric Installation 19.0 5. Miscellaneous Fixed Asset 1.0 6. Security Deposit 15.0 7. Preliminary and Pre-operative Expense 10.0 8. Margin Money for Working Capital 8.0 TOTAL 148.5

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2-1

TABLE-2.2 BREAK UP FOR THE PROPOSED INVESTMENT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT CONTROL MEASURE (RS. IN CRORE)

RECURRING COST CAPITAL COST S.NO. PARTICULARS PER ANNUM (RS. IN CRORE) (RS. IN CRORE) 1. Air Pollution Control 3.5 0.5 2. Water Pollution Control 0.8 0.08 3. Noise Pollution Control 0.3 0.05 4. Environment Monitoring and Management 0.1 0.01 5. Occupational Health 0.2 0.08 6. Green Belt 0.12 0.02 TOTAL 5.02 0.74

2.5 PROJECT SETTING 2.5.1 LOCATION The upcoming cement plant of M/s. K R Associates will be located at Dag No.: 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, & 151, K. P. Patta No.: 3, 19, 21, & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat under Mouza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam. Photographs of the site are given as annexure-II.

District Kamrup is situated between 25º26’ & 26º49’ North latitude and between 90º48’ & 91º50 East longitude. The district is bounded by Udalguri District & Baska District in north, Meghalaya State in south, Darrang District & Kamrup Metropolitan District in east and Goalpara District & Nalbari District in west. The total area covered by Kamrup district is about 4,345 Sq. km. Location map of Kamrup district is shown in figure-2.1 and detailed layout plan of proposed project is shown in figure-2.3.

Location: a) Village : Ambher b) District : Kamrup c) State : Assam d) Cordinates of the project site CORNER NO. LATITUDE LONGITUDE A 26° 5'9.97"N 91°52'45.06"E C 26° 5'9.32"N 91°52'52.44"E B 26° 5'6.77"N 91°52'53.15"E D 26° 5'2.95"N 91°52'50.78"E E 26° 5'7.61"N 91°52'44.26"E

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2-2

FIGURE-2.1 DETAILED MAP OF KAMRUP DISTRICT SHOWING PROJECT LOCATION

FIGURE-2.2 GOOGLE MAP OF THE PPROJECT

2.5.2 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS The distance of railways and National and State highways from the project site are presented in table-2.3 below. There is no defense installation, national park and archeological site/area present within 10 km radius of the project site. However one wild life Sanctuary i.e. Amchang, four reserve forests i.e. Mylliem, Marakdola, Khanapara and Garbhanga present within 10 m radius, refer following table 2.3.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2-3

TABLE-2.3 DISTANCE OF NEAREST KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES FROM PROJECT SITE

SR. NO. NEAREST INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURE DISTANCE FROM PROJECT SITE 1. Village Ambher Grant Around 0.5 Km in North Direction 2. Railway line Around 9.0 Km in NW Direction 3. Nearest City & District Headquarter Guwahati (around 18 km in NW) 4. Satgaon Railway Station Around 9.0 Km in NW Direction 5. NH-40 0.2 Km in West Direction 6. Umtru River 2.5 Km in SE Direction 7. Guwahati Airport 33.0 Km in NW Direction 8 Amchang Wild life sanctuary 1.6 Km in North Direction 9 Mylliem RF 1.0 Km in South Direction 10 Marakdola RF 1.6 Km in SE Direction 11 Khanapara RF 5.5 Km in NW Direction 12 Garbhanga RF 8.0 Km in West Direction

2.5.3 MAP OF KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS A map depicting administrative boundary up to Taluka level, showing National Highway, State Highways, major, medium and other roads with the railway lines is presented in figure-2.2. The major water bodies with the rivers and the river beds are illustrated in the map to provide a better understanding of the project area. The map marks the area within 10 km the project area.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2-4

FIGURE-2.3 KEY INFRASTRUCTURE FEATURES AND SETTLEMENTS

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2-5

FIGURE-2.4 LAYOUT PLAN

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2.6 MAIN PHASES OF THE PROJECT 2.6.1 PRE CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES As the project site is well connected with road, there is no need to construct any approach road or site access. No significant pre-construction activities are anticipated.

2.6.2 CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES The project site is located on level ground, which does not require any major land filling for area grading work. Construction activities will include infrastructure as well as production facilities. The proposed plant site region falls in Seismic Zone V, which is a highly active zone. This aspect shall be duly considered and taken care into during the detailed engineering phase while designing the structures. Construction materials, like steel, cement, crushed stones, sand, rubble, etc. will be required for the proposed project & the same will be procured from the local market of the region.

2.6.3 PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES The production details with production capacity is given in following table-2.4

TABLE-2.4 LIST OF PROPOSED PRODUCTION CAPACITY SR. NO. PRODUCTION ACTIVITY PRODUCTION CAPACITY 1 Clinker (Rotary Kiln) 500 TPD 2 Cement Grinding (Closed Circuit) 500 TPD Total 1000 TPD

2.6.3.1 RAW MATERIALS 2.6.3.1.1 RAW MATERIAL CONSUMPTION The detail of raw material consumption for the production of clinker and cement is given in the following table-2.5

TABLE-2.5 LIST OF RAW MATERIALS WITH ITS REQUIRED QUANTITY SR. RAW CONSUMPTION MODE OF SOURCE NO. MATERIAL (TON/DAY) TRANSPORTATION 1 Limestone 520 Meghalaya & Assam By Road 2 Clay 60 Byrnihat & Assam By Road 3 Iron Dust 6.67 Durgapur & Bihar By Road 4 Coal 80 Meghalaya & Assam By Road West Bangal, Odisha, 5 Fly Ash/Slag 96 By Road Jharkhand & Bihar 6 Gypsum 12 Bhutan By Road Chemical analysis of raw material is enclosed as annexure-

Scheme of mode of transportation: The raw materials will be purchased from the external sources as mentioned above. Approximately total 150 numbers of trucks are required for getting raw materials from source to project site. The raw materials will be covered during transported through trucks to the site. Details of storage and handling of raw materials are given as table-2.6.

TABLE-2.6 STORAGE DETAILS SR. RAW STORAGE MODE OF TYPE OF STORAGE NO. MATERIAL QUANTITY OPERATION 1 Limestone 16000 MT Open Yard Pay Loading 2 Clay 1800 MT Covered Shed Pay Loading 3 Iron Dust 200 MT Covered Shed Pay Loading 4 Coal 2400 MT Covered Shed Pay Loading 5 Fly Ash/Slag 3000 MT Covered Shed Pay Loading M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2-7

SR. RAW STORAGE MODE OF TYPE OF STORAGE NO. MATERIAL QUANTITY OPERATION 6 Gypsum 360 MT Covered Shed Pay Loading 7 Raw Mix 4000 MT Totally enclosed RCC silo Air Slide 8 Cement 4000 MT Totally enclosed RCC silo Air Slide

2.6.3.1.2 RAW MATERIAL STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION Scheme of proper storage of raw materials: • All the raw material will be stored within premises with proper enclosures. • All the storage yard / storage area will be clearly earmarked. • Clinker will be stored in closed enclosure covered from all sides and will have a venting arrangement along with a bag filter. • Generally open storage of clinker will be avoided. Only in case of emergency clinker will be stored in open with appropriate control measures.

2.6.3.2 MANUFACTURING PROCESS The manufacturing process basically comprise of the following operation: ™ Cement is typically made from limestone and clay or shale. ™ These raw materials are extracted from the quarry crushed to a very fine powder and then blended in the correct proportions. ™ This blended raw material is called the 'raw feed1 or 'kiln feed' and is heated in a rotary kiln where it reaches a temperature of about 1400 C to 1500 C. ™ In its simplest form, the rotary kiln is a tube up to 200 metres long and perhaps 6 metres in diameter, with a long flame at one end. ™ The raw feed enters the kiln at the cool end and gradually passes down to the hot end, then falls out of the kiln and cools down. ™ The material formed in the kiln is described as 'clinker' and is typically composed of rounded nodules between 1mm and 25mm across. ™ After cooling, the clinker may be stored temporarily in a clinker store, or it may pass directly to the cement mill. ™ The cement mill grinds the clinker to a fine powder. ™ A small amount of gypsum - a form of calcium sulfate - is normally ground up with the clinker. The gypsum controls the setting properties of the cement when water is added. The manufacturing process flow diagram of cement plant is shown in Figure 2.4.

Rotary Technology-its features and benefits

SR. NO. UNIQUE FEATURES OF ROTARY TECHNOLOGY BENEFITS 1. Exceeds rated capacity Low Installed cost 2. Superb cement quality Less power consumption Use of alternative raw materials like Lime-Kankar, Murl- 3. Ample fuel saving Shorter gestation period Lime, Sea Corals, Sea Shells etc. Use of alternative Fuels like SLV-Coal, lignite, Petroleum Easy in operation Negligible maintenance 4. coke etc. Trouble free Technology

Mass Balance: The cement process involves gas, liquid and solid flows with heat and mass transfer, combustion of fuel, reactions of clinker compounds and other undesired chemical reactions. A typical mass balance, thermal and electrical consumption in dry process cement plant (Lower Capacity Plants) and specific thermal energy consumption is given in the following table-2.7

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2-8

TABLE-2.7 MATERIAL BALANCE

Typical Material Balance for 1 Tonne of clinker using Indian Coal as a Fuel INPUT OUTPUT Material Quantity (Kgs) Material Quantity (Kgs) Lime Stone 1432 Clinker 1000

Coal 200 CO2 838.18

Other Additives 29 SOx BDL

Air (kiln) 1114 NOX 0.02 Air (cooler) 1500 PM (kiln) 0.12 Dust in cooler 0.12 Air–Exit (kiln+cooler) 2436.5 TOTAL 4275.00 TOTAL 4274.94 Thermal and Electrical consumption in Dry Process Cement Plant (Lower Capacity Plants) Best Average Thermal Energy (kCal/kg of clinker) 750-800 810-825 Electrical Energy (kWh/tonne cement) 105-110 110-115 Specific Thermal Energy Consumption Kiln Process Thermal Heat Consumption Remarks (kCal/Kg Clinker) 5-Stage Cyclone Preheater with High 810-825 Due to non-availability of Calciner Efficiency Cooler for such capacity of plant

Different proportional of raw materials are required to prepare different type of cement like Ordinary Portland Ceme (OPC) & PPC, details of which is given below.

Clinker (98 %) + Gypsum (2 %) OPC (100 %)

Clinker (60 %) + Fly Ash (35 %) + Gypsum (5 %) PPC (100 %)

FIGURE-2.5 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

Raw material Raw material Processing of Raw material Preparation Dry Mixing Preheater/ storage (Crushing) (Proportioning and and Blending Precalcine Grinding )

Gypsum Cement Clinker Clinker Rotary Mill/Grinding Storage Cooler Kiln Fly Ash

Packing Storage Section Section Dispatch

2.7 INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES 2.7.1 LAND Around 26859.40 m2 land area will be required for the proposed cement plant and landuse breakup is given in table-2.8. Land agreement documents are attached as Annexure-V.

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TABLE-2.8 LAND USE BREAKUP OF THE TOTAL PLOT AREA AREA 24. Electrical Room-4 98.0 NO. FACILITY 2 IN M 25. Electrical Room-5 60.0 1. Dump Hopper & Primary Crusher 240.0 26. Day Storage Tank 78.0 2. Lime Stone Storage Yard 1154.30 27. Store 104.70 3. Raw Mill Hopper Section 175.00 28. Work Shop 202.60 4. Raw Mill Section 161.35 29. Blower & Compressor Room 24.0 5. Bag House 248.25 30. Blower & Compressor Room 153.0 6. Blending Silo 181.15 (Below Packing Section) 7. Pre Heater 148.80 31. Weigh Bridge 8. Rotary Kiln 84.0 32. Security Room 27.0 9. Cooler 227.75 33. Time Office 27.0 10. Cooler E.S.P 50.0 34. Car Parking 133.60 11. Clinker Silo 437.50 35. Admin Block 311.50 12. Clay Storage Yard 306.10 36. Toilet Cum Wash Room 23.70 13. Iron Storage Yard 130.55 37. Toilet Cum Wash Room 23.70 14. Bauxite Storage Yard 60.0 38. Truck Parking Area 15. Gypsum Storage Yard 200.0 39. Compressor Room 23.70 16. Cement Mill Hoppers 84.15 40. Coal Dump Hopper & Crusher 87.40 17. Cement Mill Section 190.80 41. Coal Mill Section 304.50 18. Cement Silo Section 150.0 42. Iron, Clay & Bauxite Dump 102.20 19. Packing Section 306.15 Hopper 20. Sub-Station 440.40 43. Gypsum Dump Hopper 127.70 21. Electrical Room-1 61.0 44. Green Belt Area 8832.71 22. Electrical Room-2 + C.C.R 170.65 45. Internal Road and open Area 10808.49 23. Electrical Room-3 98.0 TOTAL PLOT AREA 26859.40

2.7.2 WATER SOURCE AND UTILIZATION Daily water requirement for the proposed project of M/s. K R Associates shall be 17.6 KL/day and would be met through Ground water using Bore well. Water drawl permission from CGWA (Central Ground Water Authority) will be obtained. Water requirement is primarily for industrial use, domestic use, for gardening and dust suppression. Details of water requirement and waste water generation are given in following table-2.9, while water balance diagram shown in figure-2.6.

TABLE-2.9 WATER CONSUMPTION AND WASTE WATER GENERATION

SR. WATER CONSUMPTION WASTE WATER GENERATION USE FOR NO. (KL/DAY) (KL/DAY) Industrial Purpose 1. 3.6 - (For Nodulizaion & Cooling) 2. Domestic Purpose 8.0 6.4 3. Gardening & Other 1.0 - 3. Dust Suppression 5.0 - TOTAL 17.6 6.4

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FIGURE-2.6 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM

Total Requirement of water 17.6 KLD

Industrial Purpose Domestic Gardening & Other Dust Suppression 3.6 KLD 8.0 KLD 1.0 KLD 5.0 KLD

Domestic Waste water 6.4 KLD

Treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well. 2.7.3 POWER REQUIREMENTS Total power requirement will be 3600 KW and shall be taken from Assam State Electricity Board (ASEB); during power failure or emergency, stand by D. G. Sets of 600 KVA & 250 KVA capacity shall be utilized. Energy consumption as per the equipment is given following table 2.10.

TABLE-2.10 ENERGY CONSUMPTION

NO. SR. EQUIPMENT LOAD IN KW 1. Crushing Section 220 KW 2. Raw mill Section 1260 KW 3. Blending Section 80 KW 4. Kiln Section 460 KW 5. Cement Mill Section 1140 KW 6. Packing plant 30 KW 7. All pollution control equipment 280 KW 8. All water pumps 30 KW 9. Lighting load 80 KW 10. Miscellaneous 20 KW TOTAL 3600 KW

2.7.4 FUEL REQUIREMENTS Fuel requirement, their source and distance and mode of transportation are given following table-2.11.

TABLE-2.11 FUEL REQUIREMENT

SR. STORAGE NAME REQUIREMENT SOURCE TRANSPORTATION NO. FACILITY

Diesel for two stand 100 Nearest petrol In drum within 1. By road by D. G. Set (lit./hr) pump premises

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2.7.5 MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS Technically skilled / semi skilled and unskilled manpower is readily available in the area for establishment of the project. It is expected that there will be no dearth in availability of the required personnel for the proposed unit. Total 110 personals shall be employed for the proposed project.

2.8 SOURCE OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES 2.8.1 AIR POLLUTION The particulate emissions are among the most significant impacts of cement manufacturing unit.

2.8.1.1 SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION Particulate Matters: There will be emission of particulate matter due to operation of crusher, raw mill, kiln and cement mill. The cement dusts are alkaline with size varying from 5 µm to 250 µm. The fugitive dust emissions from the proposed plant would be significant and the sources will be as under: 1. Loading & unloading section 2. Material Handling Section and Transfer Points 3. Storage of Clinker, Gypsum and Fly Ash 4. Cement Packing Section 5. Roads 6. Transportation of vehicles

2.8.1.2 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES The major pollutant is particulate matter from the proposed cement manufacturing unit. The unit will install bag filters to control air pollutants. Adequate height shall be provided to stacks attached to the air pollution control equipments to disperse the air pollutants to the satisfactory levels. The details of proposed stacks and pollution control equipments are presented in the following table-2.12.

TABLE-2.12 DETAILS OF STACKS WITH AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM NO. OF STACK HEIGHT & STACK ATTACHED TO POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT STACK DIAMETER 1. L/S Crusher Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.73 M 2. Hopper Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.60 M 3. Raw Mill & Kiln Twin cyclone Separator followed by Ht.- 78 M Reverse pulse jet type bag filter Dia. - 2.05 M 4. Blending Silo Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.5 M 5. Cooler Exhaust Stack Electrostatics Precipitator Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 1.47 M 6. Clinker Stockpile Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.8 M 7. Hopper Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.60 M 8. Cement Mill Twin cyclone Separator followed by Ht.- 30 M Reverse pulse jet type bag filter Dia. - 0.75 M 9. Packing House Twin cyclone Separator followed by Ht.- 30 M Reverse pulse jet type bag filter Dia. - 0.8 M 10. Coal Mill Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter Ht.- 30 M Dia. - 0.8 M

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2-12

NO. OF STACK ATTACHED FUEL POLLUTION CONTROL STACK HEIGHT & STACK TO REQUIREMENT EQUIPMENT DIAMETER

Utility Emission and control measures: Two D. G. set of 600 Diesel As per CPCB’s 1. KVA & 250 KVA Acoustic Enclosure 100 lit./hr guideline capacity

Note: The emission of particulate matter from all the stacks will be limited as per latest notification of MoEF&CC dated 25/08/2014issued for Cement Plant.

2.8.2 WATER POLLUTION No industrial waste water shall be generated from the proposed project, but only domestic waste water i.e. 6.4 KL/Day will be generated. Entire quantity of domestic waste water generated shall be treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well. Details of wastewater generation from proposed project are given in the table-2.10. Moreover company will adopt rain water harvesting, which reduce impact on ground water availability.

2.8.3 NOISE POLLUTION AND CONTROL SYSTEM Extensive oiling and lubrication and preventive maintenance shall be carried out to reduce noise generation at source to the permissible limit. However, at places where noise levels may exceed the permissible limit, acoustic enclosure shall be provided.

2.8.4 SOLID/HAZARDOUS POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES Dust collected from air pollution control equipment will be 100% recycled in the process. Other solid wastes will be used/spent oil and discarded drums and bags. The sources of solid wastes, generation and its management are as given in the following table-2.13.

TABLE-2.13 DETAILS SOLID/HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD

TYPE OF QUANTITY WASTE MANAGEMENT DETAILS SR. SOLID SOURCE PER REUSE/ NO. COLLECTION DISPOSAL WASTE MONTH RECYCLE 1. Used/spent Prime 20 ltrs HDPE Reuse in plant for Selling to Oil Movers Drums lubrication authorized recyclers 2. Discarded Storages 30,000 nos. Bags - Returned to raw Bags Materials suppliers

2.9 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE Implementation of Project within a pre-determined time frame is an important factor for the success of a project. Timely implementation saves on various costs like interest, administrative overheads and helps to realize the goals as per pre-determined objectives. Implementation of Project involves co-ordination of different activities at various levels of the firm and amongst different outside agencies. We are giving here under the details of the Project Implementation from the date of start; the implementation schedule envisages completion of project in 18 months. It is considered that preliminary activities such as obtaining necessary statutory clearance for installation of the cement making plant complex and financial arrangements for the implementation of the project will be made at proper dates. A tentative schedule indicating the commencement, duration and completion of various activities, is presented and shown as table-2.14.

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TABLE-2.14 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE

SR. NO. PARTICULARS EXPECTED DATE OF COMPLETION 1. Procurement of Land Already Procured 2. Land & Site Development Already Developed 3. Obtaining all Statutory Clearances 4 Months 4. Factory Shed & Other civil work 7 months from obtaining EC 5. Procurement of Plant & Machineries 7 months from obtaining EC 6. Procurement of Misc. Fixed Assets 2 months along with Plant & Machinery 7. Erection of Machinery & Other Assets 6 months from arrival of Machinery 8. Electrification 2 months along with Installation 9. Trial Run One month 10. Commercial Production Proposed 20 months from date of obtaining EC

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 2-14

CHAPTER – 3

BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

The baseline status of environmental quality in the vicinity of project site serves as the basis for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. The baseline environmental quality is assessed through field studies within the impact zone for various components of the environment, viz. air, noise, water, land and socio-economic. The baseline environmental quality has been assessed during November 2014 to January 2015 in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site. Location map of the project site with study area is given in figure-3.1. Knowledge of baseline environmental status of the study area is useful for Impact Assessment Process of assessing and predicting the environmental consequences of the significant actions. Significant action depicts direct adverse changes caused by the action and its effect on the health of the biota including flora, fauna and human being, socio-economic conditions, current use of land and resources, physical and cultural heritage properties and biophysical surroundings. Baseline data generation of the following environmental attributes is essential in EIA studies. 1. Meteorology 2. Ambient Air Quality

3. Ambient Noise Quality 4. Surface and Ground water Quality 5. Soil Quality & Geological Features 6. Land use pattern 7. Biological Information 8. Socio-economic status survey

3.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF IMPACT ZONE Deciding whether a proposed action is likely to cause significant adverse environmental effects is central to the concept and practice of EIA. Before proceeding for baseline data generation, it is important to know the boundary limits and framework, so that the data generated can be effectively utilized for impact assessment. In this context, delineate of impact zone plays an important role. Generally the impact zone for industrial actions is classified into three parts; Core Zone, buffer Zone and Unaffected Zone, as illustrated below. The area of impact zone invariably changes from project to project and depends on the nature and magnitude of activities. Core Zone (Host and Proximate Area where the proposed activities is completed) - This area is closest to the activity where the background quality of environmental and human health is always at high risk. This involves risks due to steady state, transient and accidental release of pollutants, noise, increased traffic congestion and social stress. The immediate vicinity of the plant that is around 3 km radius is factual core zone in this case. Buffer zone (Moderately affected area) - Being a little away from the activity, the discharge pollutants need time lag to be transported to this area and gets attenuated/diluted to a considerable extent. However, the associated risk shall be real during brake-down, failure or upset conditions, and simultaneously with adverse meteorological and hydrological factors. Distance from 3 km to 7 km around the project site in the factual buffer zone in this case. This is based on the mathematical modeling study and air pollution dispersion pattern. Unaffected Zone - This area shall not be at risk of serious damage to life, health and property. Here the impact becomes small enough to become imperceptible and/or inconsequent and/or insignificant and normal life activities shall prevail without any disturbances due to the activity. Distance away from the 7 km buffer zone is the factually unaffected zone in this case.

While generating the baseline status of physical and biological environment of the study area, the concept of impact zone has been considered. The Impact zone selection is based on preliminary screening and modeling studies. For demography and socio-economics, block wise data has been collected and used for the assessment of impacts.

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FIGURE-3.1 LOCATION MAP OF THE PROJECT SITE WITH STUDY AREA

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3.2 CLIMATE The climate of the study area is humid and tropical. A hot and humid pre-monsoon from March to mid May, a prolonged southwest monsoon or rainy season from mid May to September, a pleasant post- monsoon or retreating monsoon from October to November and a cold pleasant winter from December to February are the characteristics of the general climate. Summer runs concurrently with the later part of the pre-monsoon season and continues throughout the monsoon season.

The four climatic seasons viz. pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter could be considered as comprising of the following months:

Pre-monsoon : March, April and May Monsoon : May, June, July, August and September Post-monsoon : October and November Winter : December, January and February Sometimes, the monsoon commences in mid-May and ends in mid-September. Therefore, the boundaries between the seasons are not very rigid. The months November, December and January are considered to be representative study period.

3.3 METEOROLOGY Air borne pollutants is dispersed by atmospheric motion. Knowledge of these motions, which range is scale from turbulent diffusion to long-range transport by weather systems, is essential to simulate such dispersion and quality of impacts of air pollution on the environment. The purpose of EIA is to determine whether average concentrations are likely to encounter at fixed locations (Know as the receptor), due to the given sources (locations and rates of emission known), under idealized atmospheric conditions. It is imperative that one should work with idealized condition and all analysis pertaining to air turbulence and ambient air or noise pollution should be done with meteorological conditions, which can at best be expected to occur. Meteorology data has been extracted from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Long Term Climatological Tables, 1961-1990 of Guwahati station which is presented in following sections. A copy of the long-term Climatological data is enclosed as Annexure-IV.

3.3.1 TEMPERATURE DETAILS Mean daily maximum temperature is recorded in the month of August at 32.1°C. Highest mean temperature in the month, recorded in April, is 36.1°C.

From October to January, both day and night temperatures begin to decrease rapidly. January is generally the coldest month, with mean morning temperatures of 15.3°C. Mean daily minimum temperature of about 10.2 °C is recorded in January.

During the post-monsoon months of October to November, day temperatures remain between 21.4-25.8 ºC. In winters, i.e. December to February, day temperatures remain between 15.3-17.7 ºC.

3.3.2 RELATIVE HUMIDITY (RH) Most humid conditions are found in the monsoons, followed by post-monsoons, winter and summer in that order. Mornings are more humid than evenings and humidity ranges from a high of 83-85% in monsoon mornings to a low of 47-70% in summer evenings. During post-monsoon season, in morning humidity remains between 83-84 % and in the evening it remains between 79-80%.

3.3.3 RAINFALL The total rainfall in year is observed to be 1680.1 mm. Distribution of rainfall by season is 34.0 mm in winter (December to February), 325.3 mm in summer (March, April, May), 1232.2 mm in monsoons (mid May to September) and 106.1 mm in post-monsoons (October to November).

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3.3.4 PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION Pre dominant wind direction is shown as following table-3.1.

TABLE-3.1 PREDOMINANT WIND DIRECTION

MONTH JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC FIRST HIGHEST Morning CALM CALM CALM NE NE CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM Evening CALM CALM CALM NE NE CALMCALM CALM CALM CALM CALMCALM SECOND HIGHEST Morning NE NE NE E CALM NE NE NE NE NE NE NE Evening NE NE NE CALMCALM NE W W W NE NE NE, E THIRD HIGHEST Morning E E E CALM E E E E E E E E Evening E W W E E W NE, NWSW SW E E S (Source: Long term Meteorological Tables, 1961-1990, IMD)

As per Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Long Term Climatological Tables, 1961-1990 the predominant wind direction during the study period in winter season is observed to be from NE direction.

3.3.5 CLOUD COVER The area remains cloudy between June - September, which is the active period of the monsoon season. Generally cloud cover ranges from 4 to 7 Oktas during monsoon season.

3.3.6 SITE SPECIFIC MICRO-METEOROLOGY DATA Meteorological station was installed at the project site to record micrometeorological parameters on hourly basis during study period to understand the wind pattern, temperature variation, relative humidity variation, etc. Site-specific mean meteorological data is given in table-3.2 and the wind rose diagram processed by ISCST3 software from data collected at site is shown in figure-3.2.

TABLE-3.2 SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA (NOV-2014 TO JAN-2015)

MONTH OF YEAR 2014-2015 METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETER NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY

Temperature (0C) Min. 21.0 15.4 13.0 Max. 42.3 43.2 38.0 Avg. 29.5 23.1 27.9

Relative Humidity (%) Min. 42.0 32.0 56.0 Max. 96.0 96.0 94.0 Avg. 71.9 72.8 77.7

Wind Speed (m/s) Min. 0.0 0.0 0.0 Max. 3.0 3.4 5.0 Avg. 0.45 0.36 0.71

Rain Fall

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FIGURE-3.2 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM

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3.4 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE AREA To the north, the District Kamrup shares its boundary with Bhutan while the southern boundary of the District Kamrup is shared with Meghalaya. The eastern boundary of the District Kamrup is shared by District Darrang and District Morigaon while District Goalpara and District Nalbari are located on the western boundary. The general Topography of the study area varies from low-lying plains to highland having small-hillocks. To study topography of the area Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is extracted using google maps. Digital Elevation Model is defined as three dimensional model of earth’s surface, provided in a digital form. This gives a quantitative model of landform. Often the terms of DEM are used for model for containing discrete data on elevation. It is a computer simulation model to show relief, based on three dimensional data. A map depicting Digital Elevation Model is presented as in following figure-3.3.

3.5 DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE AREA The entire area of the District Kamrup is situated at the plains of the Brahmaputra Valley. The district Kamrup is well drained by River Digaru. A number of seasonal streams ordinate from the study area and merge with larger streams and rivers as tributaries of the river Brahmaputra, viz. Puthimari, Bornoi, Kulsi, Pagladiya, Kalajal, and Nona. The tributaries of the Brahmaputra in the District originate from the foothills of the Himalayan range.

FIGURE-3.3 DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL (10 KM RADIUS FROM PROJECT SITE)

N

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3.6 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3.6.1 DESIGN OF NETWORK FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS The air quality status in the impact zone is assessed through a network of ambient air quality monitoring locations. The tropical climatic conditions mainly control the transport and dispersion of air pollutant during various seasons. The baseline studies for air environment include identification of specific air pollutants prior to implementation of the project. The Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment (REIA) study requires monitoring of baseline air quality during one season. Accordingly, air quality monitoring was carried out in the winter season from November 2014 to January 2015. The baseline status of the air environment is assessed through a systematic air quality surveillance programme, which is planned based on the following criteria: • Topography / terrain of the study area • Regional synoptic scale climatologically normal • Densely populated areas within the region • Location of surrounding industries • Representation of regional background • Representation of valid cross-sectional distribution in downwind direction

3.6.2 RECONNAISSANCE Reconnaissance was undertaken to establish the baseline status of air environment in the study region. Eight Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) locations were selected based on guidelines of network sitting criteria. All AAQM locations were selected within the study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site.

3.6.3 METHODOLOGY FOR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out in accordance with guidelines of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) of June 1998 and National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of CPCB vide G.S.R. No. 826(E) dated 18th November, 2009. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) was carried out at eight locations during winter season from November 2014 to January 2015 for parameters such as Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and Carbon Monoxide (CO). The monitoring was carried out 24 hours a day twice a week per location in the study area except the project site, where continuous monitoring was carried out. Twenty Four numbers of observations were taken at each monitoring location except the project site. The locations of the different stations with respect to its distance and direction from project site are shown in table-3.3 and figure-3.4 respectively. The values for mentioned concentrations of various pollutants at all the monitoring locations were processed for different statistical parameters like arithmetic mean, minimum concentration, and maximum concentration and percentile values. The existing baseline levels of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx and CO are expressed in terms of various statistical parameters as given in tables-3.4. Prevailing air environment quality standards are enclosed as an annexure-V.

TABLE-3.3 DETAILS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING LOCATIONS

SR. APPROXIMATE RADIAL TYPE OF NAME OF VILLAGE BEARING W.R.T. NO. DISTANCE(KM) AREA 1. Project Site (A1) - 0 Industrial 2. Gojigaon (A2) NE 3.7 Residential 3. Sarutari (A3) S 2.3 Residential 4. Byrnihat (A4) SSW 4.3 Residential 5. Chhatakling (A5) W 1.9 Residential 6. Amjok (A6) SSW 4.5 Residential 7. Jorabat (A7) N 1.4 Residential 8. Patarkuchi (A8) NNE 2.5 Residential

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FIGURE-3.4 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS

A2 A2 A8 A8 A3 A1 A1 A7 A7 A4 A4 A6 A6 A5 A5

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TABLE-3.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS PARAMETERS SR. SAMPLING - Unit: µg/m3 mg/m3 NO. LOCATION PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO 1. Project Site Min. 70.5 35.2 10.1 21.6 0.85 (A1) Max. 82.6 41.6 13.2 24.1 1.10 Ave. 76.7 38.6 11.6 22.9 0.95 98th Per. 82.4 41.6 13.1 24.1 1.10 2. Gojigaon Min. 49.3 25.4 7.9 16.9 0.86 (A2) Max. 63.4 32.0 10.8 20.1 1.14 Ave. 56.6 28.7 9.2 18.5 0.99 98th Per. 62.9 31.9 10.7 20.0 1.14 3. Sarutari Min. 59.1 30.1 8.1 18.5 0.85 (A3) Max. 71.0 36.1 9.9 21.2 1.11 Ave. 65.6 33.2 9.0 19.8 0.97 98th Per. 70.7 35.9 9.8 21.1 1.10 4. Byrnihat Min. 44.6 22.8 7.4 17.6 0.83 (A4) Max. 55.4 27.9 9.2 20.1 1.14 Ave. 49.7 25.4 8.3 18.6 0.96 98th Per. 55.1 27.8 9.1 20.0 1.12 5. Chhatakling Min. 52.8 26.6 8.2 17.1 0.86 (A5) Max. 67.5 34.1 10.3 19.2 1.19 Ave. 61.2 30.8 9.3 18.1 0.98 98th Per. 67.3 33.9 10.2 19.2 1.17 6. Amjok Min. 42.3 21.6 7.3 15.2 0.83 (A6) Max. 58.2 27.1 9.4 17.3 1.16 Ave. 49.8 24.8 8.3 16.5 0.97 98th Per. 57.7 27.1 9.3 17.3 1.15 7. Jorabat Min. 66.8 33.5 9.1 20.2 0.84 (A7) Max. 78.2 39.2 11.5 23.1 1.11 Ave. 72.1 36.4 10.3 21.7 0.96 98th Per. 77.9 39.1 11.5 23.0 1.10 8. Patarkuchi Min. 36.3 18.5 7.2 14.9 0.84 (A8) Max. 49.3 25.3 8.9 17.3 1.10 Ave. 42.8 21.8 8.1 16.2 0.97 98th Per. 49.0 25.2 8.9 17.3 1.09 NAAQM Standards 100 60 80 80 4

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3.6.4 RESULTS & DISCUSSION 3 Particulate Matter (PM10): The maximum value for PM10 is observed at project site (A1), as 82.6 μg/m and the minimum value observed at Amjok village (A6), as 42.3 μg/m3 during the study period.

Particulate Matter (PM2.5): The maximum value for PM2.5 is observed at project site village (A1), as 41.6 μg/m3 and the minimum value observed at Sunvali village (A5) and Patarkuchi village (A8), as 18.5 μg/m3 during the study period. 3 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2): The maximum value for SO2 is observed at project site (A1), as 13.2 μg/m and the minimum value observed at Barnihat village (A4), as 7.4 μg/m3 during the study period. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx): The maximum value for NOx is observed at project site (A1), as 24.1 μg/m3 and the minimum value observed at Amjok village (A6), as 15.2 μg/m3 during the study period. Carbon Monoxide (CO): The maximum value for CO is observed at Chhatakling (A5), as 1.19 mg/m3 and the minimum value observed at Byrnihat (A4) and Amjok (A6), as 0.83 mg/m3 during the study period.

3.6.5 CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RSPM Chemical characterization of RSPM is mentioned in following table-3.5.

TABLE - 3.5 CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION ANALYSIS OF RSPM

SR. CHARACTERISTICS

NO. (A1) (A2) (A3) (A4) (A5) (A6) (A7) (A8) AMJOK JORABAT JORABAT SARUTARI SARUTARI BYRNIHAT BYRNIHAT GOJIGAON GOJIGAON PATARKUCHI PROJECT SITE PROJECT CHHATAKLING

1. Respirable Particulate Matter (µg/m3) 82.6 60.1 68.3 46.8 56.3 44.6 76.2 38.6

2. Calcium as Ca (µg/m3) 2.40 1.82 2.0 1.54 1.88 1.52 2.15 1.12

3. Magnesium as Mg (µg/m3) 0.86 0.44 0.62 0.30 0.42 0.30 0.74 0.18

4. Sodium as Na (µg/m3) 0.45 0.25 0.36 0.22 0.28 0.16 0.50 0.12

5. Potassium as K (µg/m3) 0.18 0.10 0.12 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 0.16 < 0.1

6. Chromium as Cr (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

7. Aluminum Al (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

8. Silica (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

9. Lead as Pb (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

10. Zinc as Zn (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

11. Iron as Fe (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

12. Nickel as Ni (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

13. Arsenic as As (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

14. Poly-aromatic hydrocarbons (µg/m3) < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1 < 0.1

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3.7 WATER ENVIRONMENT 3.7.1 SOURCE OF WATER OF THE STUDY AREA Source of water of the study area are ground water. Ground water table of the area is not expected to be encountered at shallower depths of the order of at least 8-10m from the average ground level.

3.7.2 METHODOLOGY FOR WATER QUALITY MONITORING Physico-chemical parameters have been analyzed to ascertain the baseline status existing surface water and ground water bodies. Samples were collected once during the study period for winter season. The details of surface and ground water sampling locations are given in table-3.6 and sampling locations of water quality monitoring are shown in figure-3.5. The Indian standard specification for drinking water is enclosed as Annexure-VI and CPCB standards of classification of inland surface water as Annexure-VII. The physico- chemical characteristics of the different ground water samples and surface water samples are presented in the tables-3.7 and table-3.8 respectively.

TABLE-3.6 DETAILS OF GROUND AND SURFACE WATER MONITORING LOCATIONS

BEARING APPROXIMATE RADIAL SR. SAMPLING LOCATIONS W. R.T. DISTANCE FROM PROJECT NO. PROJECT SITE SITE (KM) 1. Project Site (GW1) - 0 2. Gojigaon (GW2) NE 3.7 3. Sonaigaon (GW3) E 3.2 4. Sarutari (GW4) S 2.3 5. Chhatakling (GW5) W 1.9 6. Amjok (GW6) SSW 4.5 7. Jorabat (GW7) N 1.4 8. Patarkuchi (GW8) NNE 2.4 9. Sonaigaon (SW1) E 3.2 10. Sarutari (SW2) S 2.3 11. Rohana (SW3) S 4.7 12. Kling (SW4) W 4.3 13. Patarkuchi (SW5) NNE 2.4 14. Panjarbari (SW6) NW 7.3 15. River water near Byrnihat (SW7) SSW 4.3 16. River water near Laflang N.C. (SW8) SE 4.5 GW= Ground water, SW= Surface water

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FIGURE-3.5 LOCATIONS OF WATER SAMPLING STATIONS

GW3 SW1 SW5 GW2 SW5 SW3 SW2 GW8 GW1 GW4 GW7 GW6 SW4 SW7 GW5 SW6

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TABLE-3.7 BASELINE GROUND WATER QUALITY

LOCATIONS

SR. PARAMETERS NO. UNIT UNIT (GW3) (GW3) (GW4) (GW1) (GW1) (GW2) (GW5) (GW5) (GW6) (GW7) (GW8) AMJOK AMJOK JORABAT JORABAT SARUTARI SARUTARI GOJIGAON GOJIGAON SONAIGAON HHATAKLING HHATAKLING PATARKUCHI PROJECT SITE PROJECT C 1. pH at 25 0C - 7.65 7.62 6.93 7.25 7.25 7.32 7.72 7.31 2. Colour Hazen 01 01 01 01 01 01 < 01 < 01 3. Taste - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- 4. Odour - onable onable onable onable onable onable onable onable 5. Conductivity at 25 0C μmhos/cm 668 832 676 472 1128 989 1238 1066 6. Turbidity NTU 0.8 1.2 2.5 3.6 1.12 1.35 0.8 0.9 7. TDS mg/l 428 530 432 304 728 571 796 688 8. TSS mg/l 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.5

9. Total Hardness (as CaCO3) mg/l 250 280 220 180 320 300 410 360 10. Total Alkalinity mg/l 160 200 150 120 260 210 320 260 11. Calcium as Ca mg/l 60 64 52 40 84 72 84 80 12. Magnesium as Mg mg/l 24.0 28.8 21.6 19.2 26.4 28.8 48.0 38.4 13. Chloride as Cl mg/l 90.0 95.0 80.0 60.0 115.0 100.0 140.1 120.0

14. Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 32.8 61.6 60.4 21.6 113.2 79.8 76.6 80.6 15. Fluorides as F mg/l 0.40 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.8

16. Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 7.5 10.0 6.9 5.0 14.4 8.8 13.3 11.3 17. Aluminum as Al mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 18. Manganese as Mn mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.006 < 0.001 0.011 0.016 19. Phenolic Compound mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

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LOCATIONS

SR. PARAMETERS NO. UNIT UNIT (GW3) (GW3) (GW4) (GW1) (GW1) (GW2) (GW5) (GW5) (GW6) (GW7) (GW8) AMJOK AMJOK JORABAT JORABAT SARUTARI SARUTARI GOJIGAON GOJIGAON SONAIGAON HHATAKLING HHATAKLING PATARKUCHI PROJECT SITE PROJECT C 20. Cyanide as CN mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 21. Mineral Oil mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 22. Cadmium as Cd mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 23. Arsenic as As mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 24. Copper as Cu mg/l 0.062 0.054 0.062 0.070 0.034 0.046 0.068 0.072 25. Lead as Pb mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 26. Iron as Fe mg/l 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.13 0.09 0.08 0.11 0.13 27. Chromiun as Cr6+ mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 28. Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.008 0.079 0.086 0.071 0.056 0.061 0.079 0.086 29. Mercury Hg mg/l < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 30. Selenium as Se mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

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TABLE-3.8 BASELINE SURFACE WATER QUALITY

LOCATIONS

SR. PARAMETERS NO. UNIT UNIT N.C. N.C. (SW1) (SW1) (SW2) (SW3) (SW4) (SW5) (SW6) (SW8) (SW8) (SW7) (SW7) KLING KLING ROHANA ROHANA SARUTARI SARUTARI IVER WATER IVER WATER R. BYRNIHAT SONAIGAON PANJARBARI PATARKUCHI NR. LAFLANG R R N 1. pH at 25 0C - 7.26 7.61 7.64 7.68 7.98 7.62 7.65 7.96 2. Taste - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 3. Colour Hazen 06 04 08 06 06 04 12 06 Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- Unobjecti- 4. Odour - onable onable onable onable onable onable onable onable 5. Conductivity at 25 0C μmhos/cm 230 168 238 326 238 346 434 60 6. Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 5.2 4.9 5.0 4.3 5.2 5.3 4.2 5.2 7. BOD (3 days at 27 0C) mg/l 06 05 06 08 08 07 12 05 8. TDS mg/l 146 106 151 208 151 218 278 91 9. Total Hardness mg/l 80 60 90 110 80 110 160 60 10. Chloride as Cl mg/l 25.0 25.0 30.0 40.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 20.0 11. Fluorides as F mg/l 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1

12. Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 13.2 10.4 10.3 18.9 17.1 31.4 37.1 7.5 13. Turbidity NTU 3.5 3.1 2.6 3.1 3.6 2.5 4.1 3.1 14. Total Alkalinity mg/l 60 40 60 80 60 90 120 30 15. TSS mg/l 05 04 06 04 12 08 13 11 16. Boron as B mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

17. Nitrates as NO3 mg/l 3.1 2.5 3.1 3.7 3.1 4.4 5.0 2.5 18. Cyanide as CN mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 19. Calcium as Ca mg/l 20 16 20 32 20 24 40 16

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LOCATIONS

SR. PARAMETERS NO. UNIT UNIT N.C. N.C. (SW1) (SW1) (SW2) (SW3) (SW4) (SW5) (SW6) (SW8) (SW8) (SW7) (SW7) KLING KLING ROHANA ROHANA SARUTARI SARUTARI IVER WATER IVER WATER R. BYRNIHAT SONAIGAON PANJARBARI PATARKUCHI NR. LAFLANG R R N 20. Magnesium as Mg mg/l 7.2 4.8 9.6 7.2 7.2 12 14.4 4.8 21. Free Ammonia mg/l 1.68 1.12 0.98 1.28 1.65 0.86 2.42 0.006 22. Iron as Fe mg/l 0.14 0.12 0.169 0.16 0.14 0.23 0.26 0.21 23. Cadmium as Cd mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 24. Lead as Pb mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 25. Copper as Cu mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.062 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 26. Arsenic as As mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

27. Phenolics as C6H5OH mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 28. Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.018 0.023 0.062 0.053 0.038 0.042 0.097 < 0.001 29. Mercury Hg mg/l < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 30. Manganese as Mn mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 31. Chromiun as Cr6+ mg/l < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 < 0.0001 32. Mineral Oil mg/l 0.006 0.011 0.013 0.062 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.011 < 0.001 33. Aluminum as Al mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 34. Total Coli foms Cfu/100ml 2140 3200 3100 1000 3210 3850 3820 1300 35. Selenium as Se mg/l < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001

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3.7.3 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER 3.7.3.1 GROUND WATER Groundwater samples from different villages in the project area were collected and analyzed during winter season. The physico-chemical characteristics of the groundwater are presented in the table-3.7. The pH varied in the range of 6.93-7.72, turbidity 0.8- 3.6 NTU and total hardness 180-410 mg/l. Heavy metals concentrations were observed to be below Indian standard/specification for drinking water IS 10500-1992.

3.7.3.2 SURFACE WATER The Physico-chemical characteristics of surface water during winter season are summarized in table-3.8. The pH varied is from 6.98-7.96, the turbidity varied from 2.6-4.1 NTU, the total dissolved solids varied from 91-278 mg/l, BOD from 05 to 12 mg/l, Conductivity varied from 60-434 µmhos/cm. The total alkalinity varied from 30 to 120 mg/l and total hardness varied from 60-160 mg/l. The levels of heavy metals viz. Nickel, Chromium, Cadmium, Copper, Lead, Iron, Manganese, Zinc and Cobalt were found to be within permissible limits. The overall surface was found to be average and the water should be treated before using it for drinking purpose. Indian Standards/Specifications for Drinking Water (IS: 10500-1991) are given in Annexure-VI and CPCB standards classification of inland surface water is enclosed as an Annexure-VII.

3.7.4 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL STUDY Baseline hydro-geological study is carried out during the study period and followings are the findings of the study: • Geologically, entire study area comprises of Alluvium which includes Silty Clay, Clayey Sand with Kankars and Gravels followed by rock. • The short term average annual rainfall is 1680.1 mm. • In the study area, the water extraction is done through various types of sources like open well, hand pump and tube well. The depth of the open well and tube well found between 30ft and 1000 ft. • Resistivity survey was carried out for delineating the deeper sub surface aquifer conditions and sub surface layer information for ground water resources. • All the water samples collected and analyzed fall in the soft category of hardness. • The overall groundwater quality of the area is ‘Excellent’. • In natural condition, however induced recharge may be higher. Hence water level in the well may rise and water quality will be improved.

3.8 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The objective of the noise pollution survey around the project site was to identify existing noise sources and to measure background noise levels. The study was carried out in the following steps: • Reconnaissance • Identification of noise sources and measurement of noise levels • Measurement of noise levels due to transportation • Community noise levels

3.8.1 RECONNAISSANCE The details of location of background noise monitoring station are given in table-3.9 while the results of noise monitoring are given in table-3.10.

3.8.2 EQUIVALENT SOUND LEVELS OR EQUIVALENT CONTINUOUS EQUAL ENERGY LEVEL (Leq) There is large number of noise scales and rating methods based on some sort of average of weighted average quantities derived from the detailed noise characteristics. Equivalent sound levels or Equivalent continuous equal energy level (Leq) is a statistical value of sound pressure level that can be equated to any fluctuating noise level and forms a useful measure of noise exposure and forms basis of several of the noise indices used presently.

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Leq is defined as the constant noise level, which over a given time, expands the same amount of energy, as is expanded by the fluctuating level over the same time. This value is expressed by the equation:

i=n Li/10 Leq = 10 log Σ (10) × ti i=1

Where, n = Total number of sound samples, Li = The noise level of any ith sample ti = Time duration of ith sample, Expressed as fraction of total sample time

Leq has gained wide spread acceptance as a scale for the measurement of long term noise exposure. Hourly equipment noise levels in the identified impact zone are monitored for day and time separately using sound level meter. All the values are reported in Leq and in case of equipment noise, Sound pressure level are monitored 1.5 m away from the machine and assessed with respect to standard prescribed in factory Act.

3.8.3 METHODOLOGY FOR NOISE MONITORING Noise standards have been designated for different types of area, i.e. residential, commercial, industrial and silence zones, as per ‘The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, February 14, 2000. Different standards have been stipulated for day time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (10 pm to 6 am).

Ambient noise level monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out within a study area. The locations are away from the major roads and major noise sources so as to measure ambient noise levels. One day monitoring was carried out at all the locations during the study period. The frequency of monitoring was set at an interval of 15 seconds over a period of 10 minutes per hour for 24- hours. The observed Equivalent sound levels (Leq) values in dBA are given in table-3.10 for each monitoring location in distinguished form of day time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (10 pm to 6 am). All measurements were carried out when the ambient conditions were unlikely to adversely affect the results.

TABLE-3.9 DETAILS OF LOCATION OF BACKGROUND NOISE MONITORING STATIONS

APPROXIMATE RADIAL SR. BEARING W.R.T. NAME OF VILLAGE DISTANCE FROM NO. PROJECT SITE PROJECT SITE (KM)

1. Project Site (N1) - 0 2. Gojigaon (N2) NE 3.7 3. Sarutari (N3) S 2.3 4. Byrnihat (N4) SSW 4.3 5. Chhatakling (N5) W 1.9 6. Amjok (N6) SSW 4.5 7. Jorabat (N7) N 1.4 8. Patarkuchi (N8) NNE 2.5

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TABLE-3.10 BACKGROUND NOISE LEVELS

NOISE LEVEL (Leq) NOISE LEVEL (Leq) SR. CATEGORY OF LOCATION IN dBA (DAY TIME) IN dBA (NIGHT TIME) NO. AREA (0600 to 2100 hrs.) (2100 to 0600 hrs.) 1. Project Site (N1) Industrial 53.2 – 65.2 49.3 – 56.6 2. Gojigaon (N2) Residential 47.3 – 58.1 39.1 – 47.8 3. Sarutari (N3) Industrial 52.6 – 61.0 42.6 – 52.6 4. Byrnihat (N4) Residential 42.6 – 54.6 35.7 – 42.1 5. Chhatakling (N5) Residential 47.2 – 56.2 39.5 – 44.5 6. Amjok (N6) Residential 43.4 – 53.6 36.6 – 41.5 7. Jorabat (N7) Residential 50.8 – 62.8 46.2 – 55.4 8. Patarkuchi (N8) Residential 44.4 – 56.8 38.2 – 46.2

3.8.4 BASELINE NOISE LEVELS The noise level measured in study area at different locations is given in table-3.10. The Project site and one more location are fall in category of industrial area and the noise level was found 52.6.-65.2 dBA in daytime and 42.6-56.6 dBA in night time. The noise levels varied in the residential area of the study area during day time [night time] in the range of 42.6-62.8 [35.7-55.4] dBA. The noise sources identified in industrial zone are vehicular traffic, industrial and commercial activities. CPCB recommendation for community noise exposure in different category of area (i.e. residential, commercial, industrial and silence zone) is enclosed as Annexure-VIII, while Damage risk criteria for hearing loss given by occupational safety & health administration (OSHA) is enclosed as Annexure-IX. The observed noise levels were below the stipulated standards of CPCB.

3.8.5 COMMUNITY NOISE LEVELS The communities close to the project site are not exposed to major noise sources. The commercial activities and transport apart from natural sources contribute to community noise levels. The noise levels close to project site were low and within the stipulated standards of CPCB for the respective designated areas.

3.9 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3.9.1 METHODOLOGY FOR SOIL MONITORING Soil samples were collected from eight different locations within the study area during the study period. Soil monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out within a study area. The locations selected for collection of soil samples are presented in table-3.11. The analysis results of soil samples collected from the study area given in table-3.12.

TABLE-3.11 SAMPLING LOCATIONS: SOIL QUALITY

APPROXIMATE RADIAL SR. BEARING SAMPLING LOCATION DISTANCE FROM PROJECT NO. W.R.T. PROJECT SITE SITE (KM) 1. Project Site (S1) - 0 2. Gojigaon (S2) NE 3.7 3. Sarutari (S3) S 2.3 4. Byrnihat (S4) SSW 4.3 5. Chhatakling (S5) W 1.9 6. Amjok (S6) SSW 4.5 7. Jorabat (S7) N 1.4 8. Patarkuchi (S8) NNE 2.5

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TABLE-3.12 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL

SR. PARAMETERS

NO. (S1) (S2) (S3) (S4) (S5) (S6) (S7) (S8) UNIT UNIT AMJOK AMJOK JORABAT JORABAT SARUTARI SARUTARI BYRNIHAT GOJIGAON GOJIGAON PATARKUCHI PROJECT SITE PROJECT CHHATAKLING CHHATAKLING - Silty Silty Silty Silty Silty Silty 1. Texture Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay 2. Sand % 14 12 20 38 14 18 14 10 3. Silt % 42 40 46 20 54 28 30 62 4. Clay % 44 48 34 42 32 54 56 28 5. Porosity % 32 26 32 25 24 26 35 33 6. Water Holding Capacity % 12.3 15.6 14.8 16.3 18.2 12.3 14.5 15.9 7. Permeability cm/h 4.6 4.8 4.3 4.2 4.9 4.2 5.1 5.6 8. Moisture % 12.3 10.5 8.9 10.2 10.8 12.3 11.4 8.6 Cation Exchange - 1.38 1.42 9. 1.26 1.45 1.34 1.37 1.56 1.37 Capacity

10. Phosphorous as P2O5 - 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.05 11. pH at 25 0C - 7.26 7.28 7.34 7.64 7.28 7.49 7.68 7.93 12. Elec. Conductivity μmhos/cm 102 132 124 156 96 129 142 117 13. Bulk Density gm/cc 1.38 1.38 1.56 1.42 1.34 1.34 1.46 1.28 14. Sodium Absorption Ratio - 1.74 1.12 1.17 1.14 1.33 1.22 1.20 1.43 15. Available Nitrogen kg/ha 268 272 256 278 238 289 268 254

16. Available P as PO4 kg/ha 46 42 58 49 49 51 43 52 17. Available K kg/ha 164 138 186 194 164 176 138 162 18. Exchangeable Ca meq/100g 2.26 2.86 2.53 2,95 2.16 2.38 2.86 2.37 19. Exchangeable Mg meq/100g 1.35 1.54 1.24 1.38 1.62 1.24 1.32 1.24 20. Exchangeable Na meq/100g 3.24 2.58 2.34 2.64 2.54 2.32 2.68 2.72 21. Organic Carbon % 1.26 1.12 1.36 1.46 1.24 1.25 1.14 2.14

3.9.2 PHYSICO-CHEMICALS CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL Physical characteristics of soil samples are delineated through specific parameters, viz., particle size distribution, texture, bulk density, porosity and water holding capacity. The particle size distribution in terms of percentage of sand, silt and clay is furnished in table-3.12. The predominant texture of soil in study area is Silty Clay.

Regular cultivation practices increase the bulk density of soil, thus inducing compaction. This results in reduction in water percolation rate and penetration of root through soils. The bulk density of soils in the region is in the range of 1.28-1.56 gm/cc, which is considered as moderate.

Soil porosity is a measure of air filled pore spaces and gives information about movement of gases, inherent moisture, and development of root system and strength of soil. Variations in soil porosity and water holding capacity are presented in table-3.12. The porosity and water holding capacity of soils are in the range of 24- 35% and 12.3-18.2%.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM. 3 -20

Organic matter present in soil influences its physical and chemical properties. Organic carbon in soil samples vary in the range of 1.12-2.14 which is low to medium and phosphorous as P2O5 varies from 0.03- 0.06 kg/ha.

3.10 NATURAL HAZARDS The Kamrup district of Assam is quite susceptible to natural hazards, mainly, earthquakes and floods. A natural disaster during construction or during operation can have a significant effect on the local environment in the area. Such disasters also sometimes create difficulties in access by affecting transportation links. As a result, this section has been included in the scope of this chapter.

3.10.1 SEISMICITY AND EARTHQUAKES Earthquake is a common phenomenon and may occur several times in a year in the State of Assam. The study area is located in Zone 5 as shown in the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) 2000 seismic zone map for India as shown in figure-3.6. Zone 5 is defined as region which might encounter earthquakes of maximum intensity. In Assam there are two parallel faults running in east-west trend. One is located at the foothills of Assam Himalayas, which is actually a prolongation of Great Boundary fault of Western Himalayas.

The other fault is Haflong – Disang fault. Southern districts, like the rest of Assam, are located on seismically active area and experience earthquakes pretty often the earthquake history of Assam is presented in table-3.13.

FIGURE-3.6 SEISMIC ZONE MAP OF ASSAM

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TABLE-3.13 SIGNIFICANT EARTHQUAKES IN ASSAM

DATE OF LOCATION OF REMARKS QUAKE EPICENTER 10 January 1869 Cachar Magnitude M 7.5. The quake was felt over an area of 647 sq. km. It caused serious damage in the region. 12 June 1897 Near Rangjoli, Magnitude M 8.0. This was one of the most powerful earthquakes in the Assam Indian sub-continent. The quake wreaked havoc across the present states of Assam and Meghalaya. 1500 people were killed and hundreds more hurt. 21 January 1941, Near Tezpur, Magnitude M 6.5. Assam 23 October 1943 Near Nowgong, Magnitude M 7.2. Felt strongly in the region and in neighboring Assam Manipur. 15 August 1950 Indo-China Magnitude M 8.6. This "Independence Day" earthquake was the 6th Border largest earthquake of the 20th century. Though it hit in a mountainous Region region along India's international border with China, 1500 people were killed and the drainage of the region was greatly affected. 31 December 1984 Silchar, Assam Magnitude M 6.0. 20 people were killed in Cachar District and a 100 were injured. [Source: District Disaster Management & Response Plan of Kamrup District]

3.10.2 FLOOD HAZARD One of the most serious problems of Assam is the occurrence of frequent and widespread floods. The Brahmaputra and the Umtru are the main two rivers, which can cause major floods problem, bank erosion and drainage congestion during the monsoon every year. Large areas are inundated by floods causing heavy loss in terms of life and property; it causes extensive damage to standing crops valued at several crores of rupees almost every year. As per the Flood Hazard Zonation Map shown in Annexure-X, study area is not been affected by flood as project site does not fall in flood prone area.

3.11 SOCIO - ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT An assessment of socio - economic environment forms an integral part of an EIA study. Therefore, baseline information for the same was collected during the study period. The baseline socio - economic data collected for the study region, has been identified for the four major indicators viz. demography, civic amenities, economy and social culture. The baseline status of the above indicators is compiled in forthcoming sections.

3.11.1 DEMOGRAPHIC DETAILS Core Zone: There is no household in the project area. Buffer Zone: A socio-economic study has been carried out within the study area. The data are based on 2001 Census report. The break-up of population for male and female is summarized in following table-3.14.

TABLE-3.14 TEHSIL WISE POPULATION WITHIN STUDY AREA

NO. OF TOTAL DISTRICT TEHSIL MALE FEMALE HOUSEHOLD POPULATION Ri Bhoi Umling 3,866 20,431 10,792 9,639 Sonapur 9,394 50,617 26,371 24,246 Kamrup Chandrapur 1,361 6,725 3,594 3,131 Dispur 3,037 15,952 9,782 6,170 TOTAL 17,658 93,725 50,539 43,186

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The Population status, SC/ST break-up, literacy level, employment pattern as per Census 2001 in the buffer zone are summarized in following table-3.15 and shown in figure-3.7 to 3.17.

TABLE-3.15 DEMOGRAPHY PATTERN IN STUDY AREA

Occupation Population % Main Workers 30,810 84.17% Marginal workers 5,796 15.83% Total workers 36,606 39.06% Non workers 57,119 60.94% Break-up of main workers Cultivators 6,473 21.01% Agriculture labour 2,190 7.10% Household industry 569 1.85% Others 21,578 70.04% Total 30,810 100.00 Break-up of marginal workers Cultivators 1,614 27.85% Agriculture labour 1,702 29.36% Household industry 513 8.85% Others 1,967 33.94% Total 5,796 100.00 Other Details Literate 55,936 59.68% Illiterate 37,789 40.32% SC 3,181 3.40% ST 21,763 23.22% Female ratio per 1000 male 854 - Population density per sq. m. 298 - Avg. Family size 5 -

FIGURE-3.7 SC & ST IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001)

The above figure-3.7 and table-3.15 shows that 3.40% of the total population is SC Population whereas 23.22% of the total population are ST population and remain 73.38% of the population contain other caste of the population in the study area.

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FIGURE-3.8 LITERACY LEVEL IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001)

The above figure-3.8 shows the literacy level in the study area, out of the total population 59.68% of the population is Literate population whereas 40.32% is Illiterate population.

FIGURE-3.9 (A) EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001)

Above figure-3.9 (A) shows the employment pattern in the study area which is 15.83% of the total worker are Marginal Worker while 84.17% are Main Workers.

FIGURE-3.9 (B) EMPLOYMENT PATTERN IN THE STUDY AREA (CENSUS 2001)

Above figure-3.9 (B) shows the employment pattern in the study area which is 60.94% of the total population are Non Worker while 39.06% are Total Workers out of the total population.

FIGURE-3.10 BREAK UP OF MAIN WORKERS (CENSUS 2001)

The above figure-3.10 shows the break-up of main worker, out of total main workers 21.01% & 7.10% of the main worker are Cultivators & Agriculture labours respectively whereas 1.85% are Household Industry workers and 70.04% of the main workers are other type of workers.

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FIGURE-3.11 BREAK UP OF MARGINAL WORKERS (CENSUS 2001)

The above figure-3.11 shows break up of Marginal workers in the study area, as shown in the above earlier figure-3.9 (A) that out of the total workers 15.83% of the workers are marginal worker so out of that 15.83% of the marginal workers break up is given. As the figure-3.11, 27.85%, 29.36% of the total marginal workers are cultivators and agriculture labours respectively and 8.85% of the marginal workers are Household industry workers and remain 33.94% of the marginal workers are doing other type of work.

3.11.2 POPULATION DENSITY AND SEX RATIO District Kamrup has population density of about 581 persons per sq. km. (2001 Census data). Population density and sex ration of the study area and District Kamrup is given in table-3.16 and graphical representation is given in figure-3.12.

TABLE-3.16 POPULATION DENSITY AND SEX RATIO

SEX RATIO POPULATION POPULATION DENSITY NAME (NO. OF FEMALES PER (PERSONS) (PERSON / SQ. KM.) 1000 MALES) Within 10 Km Radius 93725 298 854 District Kamrup 2522324 581 901 (As per 2001 Census) (Courtesy: Census Dept., GOI)

FIGURE-3.12 POPULATION DENSITIES AND SEX RATIO (CENSUS 2001)

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The above figure-3.12 shows that Kamrup district’s population density is much more higher than the 10 km radius from the proposed project while sex ratio is 901 of the district and 854 of the 10 km radius area of the proposed project.

3.11.3 LITERACY LEVEL OF THE STUDY AREA The literacy rate is a major factor, which influences the socio-cultural condition of a particular place. Literacy rate data as per 2001 Census, within 10 km radius of project site, district Kamrup is given in table- 3.17, while graphical representation is shown in figure-3.13.

TABLE-3.17 LITERACY RATE

MALE LITERACY FEMALE LITERACY TOTAL LITERACY NAME (%) (%) (%)

Within 10 Km Radius 60.15 39.85 59.68

District Kamrup (As per 57.84 42.16 63.76 2001 Census) (Courtesy: Census Dept., GOI)
FIGURE-3.13 LITERACY RATE (CENSUS 2001)

The above figure shows that total Literacy level of the 10 km radius form the proposed project is less than the level of district Kamrup’s Literacy as the same shows in the Female Literacy level while in the Male Literacy it shows vise a versa. Sample survey was carried out in the villages. The following observations emerge out of the studies: a. The area is motivated by political atmosphere. b. Labour force availability. c. Besides agriculture animal husbandry, poultry, trading, construction labours are common in this area. d. The area is not maintained soundly and facilities are insufficient. e. The male female ratio of the Meghalaya is 972 & of the Assam is 935 female per 1000 of male. f. Majority of the workers are addicted to regional liquor, which degenerate their working ability. g. The average family size was five persons per family. Based on employment pattern data, it can be seen that:

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I. Around 7.10 % of main workers were involved in agricultural labour, where as about 21.1 % are engaged as cultivators. II. The main workers and marginal workers constitute 84.17 % and 15.83 % of the total workers respectively. III. The above table shows that the strength of schedule tribe 23.22%% categories are higher than the schedule caste 3.40%

3.11.4 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Due to sufficient rainfall occurrence and solely source of food in the area, the yield of cattle crops was quite sufficient as per the density of cattle population. So the people in the study area resort to rearing of livestock as a source of income. As per the local interview during field, it was observed that the most common animal reared by the people is cow, buffalo, pig, poultry, duck and goat.

3.11.5 AMENITIES Almost every village is well equipped with amenitic facilities. The details of these are summarized below.

Education facilities In this study area contains education facilities like Primary Schools, Secondary schools and also college which were within 10 km radius from the proposed project. Medical facilities The study area contains necessary medical facilities like Allopathic hospitals, Allopathic dispensary, maternity and child welfare centre, primary health centre, primary health sub centers, family welfare centers were present. Drinking water There were all drinking facilities were available like tap water, wells water, tank water sources, tube well water sources, hand pump sources and adequate river water, canal, lake and other water sources. Power supply There were adequate power sources for domestic purpose, agriculture purpose, all purpose and other purposes available in the study area. Post and Telephone These villages are having well communication facilities like post offices and telephone facilities. Communication There was also bus facility, railway facility and navigable water ways have been noticed within the study area. Bank/ Credit societies There were commercial banks and credit societies also present. Cultural facilities There were some Cinema/Video-halls, sports clubs and Stadium/Auditorium facilities available. Approach to village There was also having approach- paved road, Mud road, foot path, navigable river, navigable canal and Navigable water-way other than river or canal available. Power supply There are edaquate power sources for domestic purpose, agriculture purpose, other purpose and all purposes.

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3.11.6 TYPE OF HOUSES Kuccha (mud with straw) and clustered houses are the typical features of the house pattern of this area. A number of concrete houses includes state government buildings, schools and hospitals are seen in Kamrup.

3.11.7 FUEL RESOURCES As the Project area is near to the Kamrup town so, the provision of L.P.G (Liquid Petroleum Gas) or any other modern fuel resources are available. Forest wood and leaves are the other fuel resources of this area. Kerosene is used for lighting purpose only in the area.

3.12 PRESENT LAND USE PATTERN Land use, in general, reflects the human beings activities on land, whereas the word land cover indicates the vegetation, agricultural and artificial manmade structures covering the land surfaces. Identification and periodic surveillance of land uses and vegetation covers, in the vicinity of any developmental activity is one of the most important components for an environmental impact assessment, which would help determine the impact of the project development activity on the land use pattern.

3.12.1 LAND USE PATTERN BASED ON SATELLITE IMAGERY 3.12.1.1 METHOD OF DATA PREPARATION The land use / land cover has been presented in the form of a map prepared by using IRS P6 LISS-IV MX and procured from the National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Hyderabad.

The land use / land cover map is prepared by adopting the interpretation techniques of the image in conjunction with collateral data such as Survey of India topographical maps and census records. Image classification can be done by using visual interpretation techniques and digital classification using any of the image processing software. For the present study, ERDAS IMAGINE 9.1 version software is used for preprocessing, rectification, enhancements and classifying the satellite data for preparation of land use land cover map for assessing and monitoring the temporal changes in land use land cover and land developmental activities.

The imagery is interpreted and ground checked for corrections. The final map is prepared after field check. Flow chart showing the methodology adopted is given in the different land use / land cover categories in the study area has been carried out based on the NRSC land use / land cover classification system.

3.12.1.2 AREA UNDER DIFFERENT LANDUSE The land use classification within a distance of 10 km radius from the project location and the areas falling under the respective classifications are given as table-3.18 and its graphical representation is given in figure-3.14. Land use pattern of the study area as per satellite imagery is given as figure-3.15 & Satellite Imagery of the study area is shown as figure-3.16.

TABLE-3.18 AREA STATISTICS OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER MAP

AREA AREA AREA IN SL.NO. CLASS NAME (IN HECTARES) (IN SQ. KM.) PERCENTAGE 1. Water Body 71.938 0.719 0.229 2. Open/Barren Land 11348.375 113.484 36.147 3. Agriculture Land 118.563 1.186 0.378 4. Fallow Land 2079.938 20.799 6.625 5. Open/Degraded Vegetation 4251.000 42.510 13.540 6. Vegetation Medium Density 5515.875 55.159 17.569 7. Vegetation High Density 5538.063 55.381 17.640 8. River & Canal 129.438 1.294 0.412 9. Settlement & Habitation 2155.063 21.551 6.864

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AREA AREA AREA IN SL.NO. CLASS NAME (IN HECTARES) (IN SQ. KM.) PERCENTAGE 10. Mines 18.250 0.183 0.058 11. Industrial Area 168.500 1.685 0.537 Total 31395.000 313.950 100.00

(Courtesy: Environmental Information Center, New Delhi)

FIGURE-3.14 GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION OF LANDUSE/LAND COVER

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FIGURE-3.15 LAND USE / LAND COVER MAP OF 10 KM RADIUS FROM STUDY AREA

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FIGURE-3.16 LAYOUT OF RAW SATELLITE IMAGERY (10 KM RADIUS)

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3.13 ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Geographically, district is located at Western side of the state and Agro-climatically falls in Lower Brahmaputra Valley Zone. Kamrup District is situated between 25.46 and 26.49 North Latitude and between 90.48 & 91.50 East Longitude. Total geographical area of the district is 4345sq. km (4,34,500 ha) viz. 5.5 % of the total geographical area of the state and supports a population of 2.5 million. The district is surrounded by Darrang and Morigaon district on the East, Nalbari and Goalpara district on the West, Bhutan on the North and Meghalaya on the South. The mighty Brahmaputra passes through the district. The major rivulet in the north bank starting in the Bhutan is Puthimari drain at the Brahmaputra. The rivulets in the south bank viz., Boko, Kulsi, Singra, Bharalu and Digaru started at Meghalaya and drain water at the Brahmaputra River. It is well connected by airways, railways and roadways to different parts of the country. National highway 37 and 40 passes through the district. There is one wildlife Sanctuary and four reserve forests are present within 10 km radius of the study area. Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary located at around 1.24 km in north direction, Mylliem Reserve Forest at around 1.01 km in south direction, Marakdola Reserve Forest at around 1.63 in south-east direction, Khanapara Reserve Forest at around 5.54 km in north-west direction and Garbhanga Reserve Forests at around 7.92 km in west direction with respect to project site

3.13.1 CLIMATE The watershed area is characterized by sub-tropical Zone. the climate is controlled by the monsoonal winds coming from South West and North East with advent of springs the atmosphere, gradually warm-up from March to April, the rainy season started from mid of May and extended up to October and subsequently the winter season set in from the month of November and mercury level drops down till February.

The project area is located in the area of topographically consists of rolling hills with moderate, slope on the higher elevation and gentle slopes near the valley bottom. The district Kamrup is well drained by river Digaru. A number of seasonal streams ordinate from the study area and merge with larger streams and rivers as tributaries of the river Brahmaputra, viz. Puthimari, Bornoi, Kulsi, Pagladiya, Kalajal, and Nona.

3.13.2 FLORA 3.13.2.1 NATURAL / FOREST VEGETATION The study area for impact has been considered as 10 km radius from the periphery of the Project area. Syzygium, Cinnamomum, Magnoliaceae and Artocarpus, all typical evergreen genera, commonly contribute, whilst Terminalia spp., Tetrameles etc. were common among the deciduous trees. The species are usually intimately mixes but small consociations of dominants are frequent. The ground flora was dense, but evergreen Rubiaceae and monocotyledonous herbs (Alpinia, etc.) were the abundant where the light is adequate; grass replaces these evergreens under burning. The common species found in the area were of Castonopsis tribuloides, Artocarpus spp., Caryota urens, Macropanax dispermus, Derris robusta, Macaranga denticulata, Schima khasiana & Musa sp. The broad and medium species like Schima khasiana, Gmelina arboroa, Vitex peduncularis, Alstonia scholaries, Dillenia pentagayna, Erythrina suberosa, Bombax ceiba, etc. were found in this area. The mixed forest of broad and medium leave species can be observed in the watershed area. The broad and medium leave species like Schima wallichi, Gmelina arborea, Vitex peduncularies, Erythrina suberosa, etc. were found in this area. The list of flora species generally present within 10 km of the Project area and in core zone are given in Annexure-XI.

3.13.2.2 CROPPING PATTERN OF THE REGION The topography, agro-climatic conditions, prevalence of fertile soil and long tradition of growing plantation and horticulture crops enables commercial cultivation of several crop varieties. The major agricultural crops grown in the district are paddy, potato, mustard, black-gram, white-gram, wheat and other vegetables. Besides these crops, the district produces various types of horticultural fruits like Banana and pineapple which are the major fruit crops grown in the district. In addition, other crops grown are Litchi, Guava, Mango, Oranges and papaya. Though most of these fruits are produced since time immemorial, the productivity levels are very low due to lack of scientific approach in their cultivation.

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3.13.3 FAUNA The 10 km radius study area is home to several species of mammals, reptiles, aves and other lower invertebrates. Birds can be observed throughout the study area but mostly located near forest area and water bodies. Reptiles and amphibians are also observed in the study area. Fresh water fish are found in the river, ponds and streams. Insects and Mollusca can be easily observed during onset of rainy season. A variety of insects can be found in study area. The core zone is very small area and hence there is a negligible chance of small animal’s occurrence within or surrounding area. The faunas which was observed and enquiry from local people of the study area are as follows: a) Core Zone:

Fauna in core zone is in the form of mammals, aves and reptiles: 1. Mammals were Funambulus pennant and Rattus rattus. 2. Avifauna was Acridotheres tristis, Corvus splendens Passer domesticus 3. Reptile and Amphibian includes Bufo parietalis, Calotes versicolor. 4. Insects were Holochlora indica and Pseudagrion rubriceps

B) Buffer Zone:

Fauna in buffer zone is in the form of mammals, aves and reptiles: 1. Mammals were Funambulus pennant, Bubalus bubalis, Ovis aries, Capra aegagrus hircus, Equus ferus, Sus bucculentus etc. 2. Avifauna was Acridotheres tristis, Aredea ceineria, Columba livia, Corvus splendens, Francolinus pondicerianus, Passer domesticus, Psittacula krameri etc. 3. Reptile and Amphibian includes Bufo parietalis, Bungarus caeruleus, Calotes versicolor, Mobuya carinata, Ophiophagus hannah and Ptyas mucosus. 4. Insects were Acontia marmoralis, Acrida turrita, Ceriagrion coromandelianum, Heterojinus semilaetaneus, Holochlora indica, Ischnura aurora etc. 5. Molusca was Cypraea limacine and Turbo marmoratus.

The list of fauna species generally present within 10 km of the project area are given in Annexure-XII along with their reference to Schedule of Wildlife Protection Act 1972 amended in 2006.

3.14 DETAILS OF THE OTHER INDUSTRIES LOCATED IN 10 KM RADIUS There are No. of various industries located in the area. Name and type of the major industry located within 10 km radius are as given in following table-3.19.

TABLE-3.19 MAJOR INDUSTRIES IN THE STUDY AREA SR.NO. NAME OF THE INDUSTRY TYPE OF INDUSTRY 1. Adhunik Meghalaya Steels (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 2. Anirudha Steel (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 3. B. S. Smelters Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 4. Bharm India (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 5. Bimla Ispat (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 6. Bishnu Steel Furnitures Metallurgical Industry 7. Brahmaputra Wires Products Metallurgical Industry 8. Byrnihat Ispat (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 9. Commercial Iron & Steel (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 10. Gita Ferro Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 11. Greystone Ispat Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 12. Greystone Smelters Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 13. Greystone Sponge Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 14. Greystone Strips Ltd. Metallurgical Industry

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SR.NO. NAME OF THE INDUSTRY TYPE OF INDUSTRY 15. H.M. Cements (P) Ltd. Cements Plant 16. Jaintia Ferro Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 17. K. D. Cokes Coke Oven Plant 18. Khasi Alloy Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 19. Trishul Industries Metallurgical Industry 20. Maithan Smelters Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 21. Matiz Metals (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 22. Megha Industries & Agro Products Agro-chem. Industry 23. Megha Ispat (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 24. Meghalaya Alloys Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 25. Meghalaya Carbide & Chemicals Chemical Industry 26. Meghalaya Cast & Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 27. Meghalaya Fussion Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 28. Meghalaya Ispat Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 29. Meghalaya Mineral Product Metallurgical Industry 30. Meghalaya Sova Ispat Alloys Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 31. Meghalaya Steel & Tubes Metallurgical Industry 32. Meghalaya Steels Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 33. Mortex Coke Industries Coke Oven Plant 34. Nalari Ferro Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 35. Nezones Steel (Meghalaya) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 36. North East Bottling (P) Ltd. Bottling Plant 37. NTL Steels (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 38. Pawan Ispat (Meghalaya) (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 39. Pioneer Carbide (P) Ltd Metallurgical Industry 40. Pride Coke Pvt. Ltd. Coke Oven Plant 41. Purbanchal Alloys Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 42. Purbanchal Cement Ltd. Cements Plant 43. R. P. Associates Pvt. Ltd. Coke Oven Plant 44. Radha Coke Coke Oven Plant 45. Ri Bhoi Engineering Co. (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 46. S. M. Coke Coke Oven Plant 47. Satyam Steel (P) Ltd Metallurgical Industry 48. Shivam Ispat & Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 49. Shivani Ispat (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 50. Shree Sai Megha Alloy (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 51. Shree Sai Rolling Mills (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 52. Shree Sai Smelters (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 53. Shyam Century Ferro Alloys Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 54. Sri Shyam Carbon Co. Coke Oven Plant 55. Surya Alloys Industries (P) Ltd. Railway tracks and wagon components Mfg. Co. 56. Trikuta Ferro Alloys (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry 57. Vikash Steel Industries (P) Ltd. Metallurgical Industry

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CHAPTER – 4

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 IDENTIFICATION OF IMPACTS Various sources of pollution with respect to wastewater, the flue gas / process emission, hazardous waste and noise generation along with their qualitative and quantitative analysis as well as measures taken to control them are discussed herein with details. The network method was adopted to identify potential impact, which involves understanding of cause-condition-effect relationship between an activity and environmental parameters. This method involves the "road map" type of approach to the identification of second and third order effect. The basic idea is to account for the project activity and identify the type of impact that could initially occur followed by the identification of secondary and tertiary impacts.

Identified potential impacts for the various components of the environment, i.e. air, noise, water, land and socio-economic, are presented in figure-4.1 to figure-4.6. It should be noted that in these illustrations the lines are to be read as "might have an effect on".

FIGURE-4.1 IMPACT NETWORK ON AIR ENVIRONMENT

Project

Activity Construction phase Operation phase

Primary Release of air pollutants Release of heat Impact

Particulates Secondary Change in Impact on deposition on Impact Climatic change air quality Visibility water, Land

Aesthetic Impact on Impact on flora impact Agricultural produce and fauna

Tertiary Impact on impact Human health

Impact on Impact on socio-cultural Economic output environment

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FIGURE-4.2 IMPACT ON SURFACEWATER ENVIRONMENT

Project

Activity Construction Phase Operational Phase

Primary Impact Change IN Surface Abstraction of Releases of Morphology Water Wastewater

Impact on Runoff/Seepage

Impact on Hydraulics of Impact On Water Environmental Health And Water Courses Secondary Quality Aesthetic Risk Impact

Impact on Impact on Cost of Water Impact on hydraulics of water Amenity/ Tertiary Aquatic Life Treatment courses Recreation Impact

Impact on Economic Impact on socio-cultural Output Environment

FIGURE-4.3 IMPACT ON GROUND WATER ENVIRONMENT

Project

Construction Phase Operational Phase

Abstraction of Release of Waste Activity Water Disturbance of Water on Land Soil

Change in Ground Water Regime: Soil Moisture / Water Change in Structure Addition / Removal of Primary Level / Flow Pattern / Salt of Soil: Ground Substance of Heat to / Impact Water Instruction Level From the Soil

Secondary Impact on Impact on Impact Impact on Soil Data Flora & Fauna Landscape

Impact on Agricultural Impact on Live Stock Tertiary Production Impact

Impact on Economic Impact on Socio-Cultural Output Environment

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FIGURE-4.4 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Project

Activity Construction Phase Operational Phase

Primary Noise Impact Change in Ambient Noise Level

Secondary Health Risks Impact on Work output and Migration of Birds, Impact Efficiency Reptiles& Population

Tertiary Impact on Economic Impact on Socio-Cultural Impact Output Environment

FIGURE-4.5 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT

Project

Activity Construction Phase Operational Phase

Primary Disturbance of Abstraction of Disposal of wastewater & Impact land Water Sludge on land

Change in Soil Texture Change in ground water Toxic substance on region/salt & Permeability Land, particulate Water intrusion Deposition on land

Secondary Impact on Soil Salinity Impact on Impact landscape Flora & Fauna

Impact on agricultural Impact on Tertiary produce Live Stock Impact

Impact on Impact on socio-cultural Economic output environment

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FIGURE-4.6 IMPACT NETWORK ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

risk

Aesthetic

recreational facilities recreational facilities Demand for Demand for Phase Effect on human, nature & human, Effect on infrastructural Effect on Building Building Effect on Demand for Demand for Work Force Materials Monuments Operational

Facilities Demand For Demand For Communication Communication facilities environment Impact on visual Impact on medical, transport transport medical,

Effect on educational educational on Effect

Opportunity Employment

& fisheries Project

Effect on agriculture Effect on Pollution Air, Water, Land, Noise

Effect on water water Effect on management facilities management

Supply, sewerage & solid waste & solid Supply, sewerage Effect on Effect on Human health Better Better Product Availability Product Cost Economic Output Economic Output

Phase industries Of ancillary Of ancillary

Development Construction

Cost

exchange Output

Net Income Net Income Saving of foreign Saving of foreign Economic Input Economic Input Capital/C&M Change in of the Region Economic Base Economic Base Impact Impact Impact Tertiary Primary Activity Activity Secondary

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4.2 PREDICTIONS AND EVALUATION OF IMPACTS Evaluation is a term used for assessment and prediction by means of numerical expression or value. Assessment is the process of identifying and interpreting the environmental consequences of the significant actions. Prediction is a way of mapping the environmental consequences of the significant actions. Significant Action depicts direct adverse changes caused by the action and its effects on health of biota including flora, fauna and man, socio-economic conditions, landforms and resources, physical and cultural heritage properties and quality of bio-physics surrounds. Prediction requires scientific skill drawn from many disciplines. Prediction of ecological components is often uncertain, because their response to environmental stress cannot be predicted in absolute terms. The assessor (one who does the assessment) and decision maker (one who take the decision after adequate analysis of assessment report) is expected to be aware of the degree of uncertainty. The assessor generally uses the following methods and resources for impact assessment. ♦ Field surveys and monitoring ♦ Guideline and modeling ♦ Literature surveys and interviews ♦ Qualification and experience An impact can be defined as any change in physical, chemical and biological, cultural and or socioeconomic environment that can be attributed to activities related to alternatives under study for meeting the project needs. Impact methodology provides an organized approach for prediction and assessing these impacts. The categories of environmental effect and associated impacts widely used for impact identification are provided in figure-4.1 to figure-4.6. Impact assessment is based on conceptual notions on how the universe acts that is intuitive and/or explicit assumption concerning the nature of environmental process. In most of cases the predictions consists of indicating merely whether there will be degradation, no change or enhancement of environment quality. In other cases, quantitative ranking scales are used. The selection of indicator is crucial in assessment because impacts are identifies and interpreted based on impact indicator. An impact indicator is a parameter that provides a measure (in at-least some qualitative or numerical sense) of the significance and magnitude of the impact. In India indicator is developed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in the form of primary water quality criteria, biological water quality criteria, and national ambient quality criteria for air and noise. The impact of the proposed project on the environment has been considered based on the information provided by the proponents and data collected at the site. The environmental impacts have been categorized as long or short term and reversible or irreversible. Primary impacts are those, which are attributed directly by the project while secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly induced. These typically include the associated investment and changed pattern of social and economical activities by the proposed action. The operational phase of the proposed project comprises several of which have been considered to assess the impact on one or another environmental parameters. Scientific techniques and methodologies based on mathematical modeling are available for studying impacts of various project activities on environmental parameters. The nature of the impacts due to said project activities are discussed here in detail. Each parameter identified in proceeding chapters, is singularly considered for the anticipated impact due to various activities listed. The impact is quantified using numerical scores 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in increasing order of activity. In order to assess the impact accurately, each parameter is discussed in detail covering the following: 1) Project activities like to generate impact 2) Quantification and prediction of impact Minor and temporary impacts are expected due to the construction activities. All the impacts of construction phase will be short term only and it is very limited as minor construction work is anticipated for requirement of project. Operation of the project may potential to affect quality of life, air, noise, water, land and flora, fauna and human by increase in air, noise and water pollution, by increase in hazardous waste generation, by pollution from spillage/surface run-off, by disturbance to flora and fauna, by loss of trees resulting from increased assess, by increase in land values threatening agriculture, etc.

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During the operation phase, the following activities are considered as significant impact. ¾ Air emission ¾ Noise generation ¾ Hazardous waste generation ¾ Water use and waste water discharge ¾ Employment Generation The operation of the project will involve discharge of pollutants. There shall be wastewater generation, air emissions, hazardous waste generation and mechanical noise. An assessment of the quantitative changes in the various environmental components is therefore essential for predicting the impact. Operational phase activities will have impacts, either short terms or long term and reversible or irreversible on ambient air and noise, surface and ground water, land, socio-economics and cultural environment.

4.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT 4.3.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Generally Construction phase involves Site cleaning, Excavation, Construction, Erection or Installation of equipment & machinery, Transportation, Material Handling. Dust will be the main pollutant affecting the ambient air quality of the surrounding area during the construction phase. During excavation, care shall be taken that the excavator will not release the sand from higher elevation. The Pilling of sand will be done uniformly and proper storage will be maintained to avoid dusting because of wind. Fume generation will be there due to welding and allied activities; this impact will be negligible and restricted to project site. The workers would be trained to use welding shields and use safer practice. Motor vehicle transportation (to, from and around the site) particularly the traffic of tracks at the site, material movement into the site will introduce particulates and other exhaust gases into the local ambient air and there is some likelihood that during the construction period local air quality may be temporarily affected by these emissions. However, these activities will be intermittent and hence, significant adverse impact is low. Providing suitable surface treatment to ease the traffic, flow and regular sprinkling of water will reduce the fugitive dust generation significantly.

4.3.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES The proposed plant will handle large quantities of solids viz., Limestone, Clay, Iron Dust, Coal, Fly ash/Slag, Gypsum and Cement, which are subjected to various dust generating operations like crushing, grinding, transfer, packing, etc. These operations generate large quantities of fugitive dust, which would otherwise disperse into the work zone atmosphere and plant surroundings. To control the dispersion of fugitive dust, crushers and transfer points will be provided with dust extraction system consist of hoods, ducting, bag house ID fans and exhaust ducts. The dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere is a function of several meteorological parameters viz. temperature, wind speed and direction, mixing depths, inversion level, etc. A number of models have been developed for the prediction of pollutant concentration at any point from an emitting source. The Industrial Source Complex – Short Term (ISCST3) dispersion model is a steady-state Gaussian plume model. It is most widely accepted for its interpretability. It gives reasonably correct values because this obeys the equation of continuity and it also takes care of diffusion, which is a random process. For the present study, this model is used for the prediction of maximum ground level concentration (GLC). With respect to operation phase impact, Proposed Air emission from M/s. K R Associates includes Particulates Matter, SO2, NOx and CO. Adequate measures will be taken to minimize air pollution from process by providing air pollution control equipment. D. G. set will be installed as standby to be used during emergency only. Flue gases are discharged from stacks at adequate height (as per SPCB norms). The site specific and monitored details considered for input data for the software “ISC-AERMOD View” by Lakes Environmental, Canada for prediction of impact on air environment. The air pollution caused by the gaseous emissions from a single or small group of stacks is a local phenomenon. Its impact will occur at a distance ranging from within the immediate vicinity of the stack to several kilometers away from the stack. Maximum ground level concentration will occur within this range. All plumes at more downwind distances from the source by stack emission become diluted by diffusion in the ambient atmosphere, that concentrations of pollutants become negligible.

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4.3.2.1 METEOROLOGICAL INPUTS The site specific and monitored details considered for input data for the software “ISC-AERMOD View” by Lakes Environmental, Canada for prediction of impact on air environment which given in table-3.2. The site-specific hourly meteorological data measured in order to conduct a refined air dispersion modeling using ISCST3 air quality dispersion models. The site specific hourly meteorological data measured at site is pre-processed using the U.S. EPA PCRAMMET and U.S. EPA AERMET programs.

4.3.2.2 MIXING HEIGHT As site specific mixing heights were not available, mixing heights based Atlas of Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in India published by Environment Monitoring & Research Centre, India Meteorological Department, Ministry of Earth Science, New Delhi. Based on Diurnal Variation of Mixing Height in winter Season the maximum mixing height of Guwahati region is 1,200 meter, which is considered for air dispersion modeling.

4.3.2.3 MODEL INPUT EMISSION DATA For the modeling purpose air emission can be considered for particulate matter, sulphur dioxide and oxide of nitrogen. Stack emission details are given in following table-4.1.

TABLE-4.1 DETAILS OF EMISSION FROM STACKS TO TEMP. STACK AIR/GAS AIR/GAS AMBIENT VELOCITY VELOCITY DIAMETER EXIST TEMP. POLLUTANTS STACK NO. NO. STACK ATTACHED STACK HEIGHT STACK HEIGHT EMISSION RATE FLUE/AIR EXIST EXIST FLUE/AIR OF POLLUTANTS OF POLLUTANTS CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION

UNIT mg/m3 m m m/s K K g/s 1 L/S Crusher PM 30 30 0.75 11 298 298 0.15 2 Hopper PM 30 30 0.6 11 298 299 0.09 PM 30 0.94

3 Raw Mill & Kiln SO2 100 78 2.1 12 398 300 3.13 NOx 94 2.94 4 Blending Silo PM 30 30 0.5 11 298 301 0.07 PM 30 0.37 Cooler Exhaust 5 SO 100 30 1.5 12 523 302 1.22 Stack 2 NOx 94 1.15 6 Clinker Stockpile PM 30 30 0.8 12 298 303 0.18 7 Hopper PM 30 30 0.6 12 298 304 0.10 8 Cement Mill PM 30 30 0.8 12 353 305 0.16 9 Packing House PM 30 30 0.9 12 298 306 0.24 10 Coal Mill PM 30 30 0.8 12 353 307 0.16

4.3.2.4 MODEL OPTIONS USED FOR COMPUTATIONS ¾ The plume rise is estimated by Briggs formulae, but the final rise is always limited to that of the mixing layer; ¾ Complex terrain ¾ Stack tip down-wash is not considered; ¾ Buoyancy Induced Dispersion is used to describe the increase in plume dispersion during the ascension phase; ¾ Calms processing routine is used by default;

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¾ It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physico-chemical transformation and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition; ¾ Washout by rain is not considered; ¾ Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations

4.3.2.5 MODEL OUTPUT AND MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION The maximum ground level concentration for PM, SO2 and NOx due to the proposed project is given in table-4.2. Equal concentration contour plot for above parameters due to proposed project are given in figure-4.7. Summary of ISCST3 Model output for PM is given as table-4.3.

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FIGURE-4.7(A) EQUAL CONCENTRATION CONTOUR PLOT FOR PM

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FIGURE-4.7(B) EQUAL CONCENTRATION CONTOUR PLOT FOR SO2

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FIGURE-4.7(C) EQUAL CONCENTRATION CONTOUR PLOT FOR NOX

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TABLE-4.2 MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL NO. PARAMETERS LOCATION CONCENTRATION (μg/m3) 1. PM 19.38

2. SO2 20.53 At one km in west detection 3. NOx 19.31

TABLE-4.3 SUMMARY OF ISCST3 MODEL OUTPUT FOR PM

APPROXI MAXIMUM GROUND LEVEL MATE 3 SR. BEARING CONCENTRATION (μg/m ) LOCATIONS RADIAL NO. W.R.T. DISTANCE PM SO2 NOx (KM) 1. Project Site (A1) - 0 19.39 11.39 10.74 2. Gojigaon (A2) NE 3.7 0.19 0.20 0.194 3. Sarutari (A3) S 2.3 0.48 0.58 0.55 4. Byrnihat (A4) SSW 4.3 1.79 1.15 1.08 5. Chhatakling (A5) W 1.9 4.21 5.78 5.44 6. Amjok (A6) SSW 4.5 3.04 2.37 2.23 7. Jorabat (A7) N 1.4 5.44 5.60 5.27 8. Patarkuchi (A8) NNE 2.5 1.01 0.38 0.35

4.3.2.6 MITIGATION MEASURES Following mitigation measures will be adopted to control air pollution. • Effective stack height with proper air pollution control equipment shall be provided to all stacks. • Regular maintenance of APCE (Air Pollution Control Equipments) shall be done and recorded. • Green belt shall be developed on 33% are of the total plant area.

4.3.2.7 FUGITIVE EMISSION AND CONTROL MEASURES Emissions from the proposed plant would be significant as there will be air pollution due to activities like material handling, crushing, transfer points of materials, packing of product and movement of vehicles. These operations generate large quantity of dust. Specific instances of fugitive dust generation may include dust blown by wind from the raw-materials stockpile, dust caused by vehicular traffic within the factory, dust leakage from conveyors, conveyor transport points, storage hoppers and packers etc, Good housekeeping, proper maintenance, wetting of dusty areas, use of enclosed storage wherever feasible etc., would considerably reduce fugitive dust.

For the purpose of effective prevention and control of fugitive emissions, the M/s. K R Associates shall implement following: • The storage shall be done under covered shed. • Storage area shall be clearly earmarked. • Enclosure shall be provided for all the unloading operations. • Water shall be sprayed on the material prior and during unloading. • All transfer points shall be fully enclosed. • Airborne dust shall be controlled. • All roads shall be paved on which movement of raw materials or products will take place. • Regular sweeping of roads shall be carried out to minimize emissions. • Preventive measures shall be employed to minimize dust build up on road. • Conveyors shall be provided with conveyor cover.

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• Maintenance of air pollution control equipment shall be done regularly. • All the workers shall be provided with disposable dust mask. • Green belt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive emissions. • Regular training shall be given to the personnel operating and maintaining fugitive emissions control systems. • List of documents and records for fugitive dust control shall be maintained.

Environmental Guidelines for Prevention and control of fugitive emissions from cement plants shall be followed which is given in Annexure-XIII.

4.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT With respect to water environment three aspects are generally considered in EIA, the raw water availability, consumption and wastewater generation that will be disposed. The first priority in water quality assessment is to maintain and restore the desirable level of water quality in general.

4.4.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES As company will be constructing various facilities so construction phase impacts will be anticipated. During Construction, drainage pattern and water supply system of overland water flow will be somewhat changed for the site preparation activities. Potential impacts may be on surface water quality during this phase could arise from dust emissions (from vehicles and disturbance of soil) such Suspended solids can be controlled by sprinkling of water and by employing enclosures to construction area to allow the particles to settle down, prior to discharge. There would be no significant effect on water quality and quantity during construction phase.

4.4.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES Water requirement shall be met from ground water using bore well. The details of water consumption are given in table-2.6 of chapter-2. Proposed project located in safe category areas notified by Central Ground Water Authority. Moreover company will adopt rain water harvesting, which reduce impact on ground water availability. Only waste water i.e. 6.4 KL/day sewage waste water shall be generated, which will be treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well. No industrial waste-water will be generated due to proposed plant. Thus, it can be concluded that there will not be any significant adverse impact on the water environment.

4.4.3 GROUND WATER ABSTRACTION AND ITS IMPACT ON WATER SOURCE The region has adequate ground water resource. The company will adopt ground water recharging through rain water harvesting system.

4.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 4.5.1 SOURCES OF SOIL POLLUTION Construction activities like excavation, construction material handling & storage, construction waste disposal etc. are main sources of soil pollution.

4.5.2 IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES The impact of air, water and solid waste pollution on soil causes direct/indirect effect on soil. As all necessary air pollution control steps will be provided and based on the results of the dispersion model for the ground level concentrations of various pollutants after the commissioning of the proposed project, there will not be any adverse impact of air pollution on soil. It may be noted that there will not be any industrial effluent generation as no water is required in the manufacturing process. Thus, there will not be any impact on soil due to water.

All necessary control steps will be provided for handling, storage and disposal of solid waste generated from the plant. Thus, there will not be any significant impact of solid waste on the soil environment.

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4.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 4.6.1 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACT During construction, construction equipment, including dozer, scrapers, concrete mixers, generators, vibrators and power tools, and vehicles will be the major noise sources. Construction noise is difficult to predict because the level of activity will constantly change. Most of construction activities are expected to produce noise level within the prescribed limit. The noise generated from various sources will be of short duration. Therefore, no significant impact is envisaged on the construction force.

4.6.2 OPERATION PHASE IMPACT The impact of noise depends mainly on the characteristic of the noise generating sources, topography and atmospheric conditions. Vehicular movements during operation phase for loading/unloading of raw and finished materials and other transportation activity may increase noise level. The noise generating sources will be enclosed with acoustic proof material to cut down the noise levels. Further, green belt will be developed in & around the proposed plant. So, the significant adverse impact of noise will be minimized. Noise level in and around the plant site were measured. These values represent status of Noise levels, which is given in table-3.10 of chapter-3.

4.6.3 MITIGATION MEASURES Adequate noise control measures such as mufflers, silencers at the air inlet/outlet, anti vibration pad for equipment with high vibration, earmuff and earplugs to the operators etc. are provided. However, the green belt and plantation area will help to reduce noise. The adverse impact on occupationally exposed workers will not be envisaged, as noise protection devices will be provided as suggested in EMP (Environmental Management Plan).

4.7 SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD Solid waste generation and its disposal method are given in following table-4.4.

TABLE-4.4 SOLID/HAZARDOUS WASTE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL METHOD

TYPE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT DETAILS SR. SOLID SOURCE QUANTITY REUSE/ NO. COLLECTION DISPOSAL WASTE RECYCLE 1. Used/spent Prime 10 ltrs per HDPE Reuse in Collection stored in HDPE Oil Movers month Drums plant for drums then used for lubrication lubrication within plant or sold to authorized re- processors 2. Discarded Storages 5,000 nos. Bags - Returned to raw materials Bags per day suppliers or authorized recyclers.

Composition of Used oil:

1. Water – Fuel burns to CO2 and H2O. 2. Fuel – Unburnt petrol / diesel passes through to the lube oil during engine start-ups. 3. Carbon – Forms as a result of incomplete combustion 4. Dust – Small particles pass into the engine through the air breather. 5. Metals – Due to normal engine component wear. 6. Oxidation Products – corrosive acids.

4.8 IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION OF RAW MATERIALS & END PRODUCT The transportation of raw materials and finished cement is likely to create impact on surrounding environment. Due to proposed project additional 150 nos. of vehicles will be added in the existing traffic. Adequate parking arrangement will be provide for the vehicles within site. The following point identifies the possible impacts and the mitigation measures to be adopted.

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4.8.1 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT ¾ The movement of heavy vehicles due to transportation of raw material causes re-suspension of loose dust particles in air.

¾ Temporary increase in PM, SO2, and NOx levels due to transportation. ¾ Accidental release of fine particles in case of puncture in bags, containers etc. Mitigation Measures: ¾ Sprinkling of water to reduce particulate matter concentration. ¾ Vehicle shall be thoroughly covered so as to prevent release of fine particulate in case of accidental leakage. ¾ Vehicle used for transportation shall comply with environmental standards.

4.8.2 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT ¾ During accidental leakage due to puncture of carry bags, containers, deposition of material on top soil, land is probable. Mitigation measure: ¾ Vehicles shall be covered to prevent accidental leakage. ¾ The area contaminated shall be remediated through scrapping or other remediation measures.

4.8.3 IMPACT ON TRAFFIC DENSITY ¾ The movement of vehicles will increase traffic density of the area. However, the proximity of national highway 40 will alleviate possible congestion problems.

4.8.4 IMPACT ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT ¾ Temporary increase in decibel levels during vehicular movement is possible. However, this effect is negligible.

4.9 ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD Material shall be transported preliminary by road only and shall be stored in the plant premises. This report is prepared with the consideration of hazards and care shall be taken for all aspects of environmental hazards. The project proponent shall consider all the safety aspects in planning, designing and operation of the plant as per standard practices. Hence, no adverse impact on this account is anticipated.

4.10 HOUSING Any permanent demand on existing housing facilities is considered as permanent impact. No township shall be constructed or proposed. Enough number of dwellings is available in nearby towns and villages for accommodating extra workforce. On neighboring towns or villages, the impact on this account is minimal.

4.11 ECOLOGY The impact due to operation of the project and its activities on the ecological parameters like natural vegetation, cropping pattern, fisheries and aquatic life, forests and species diversity etc. could be summarized as below:

4.11.1 NATURAL VEGETATION The proposed activities shall be within industrial premises. The industry will develop a green belt on the surrounding periphery. Since the effluents and emissions generated from the project activities shall be treated and disposed as per the provisions stated in EMP (Environmental Management Plan), adverse impact over any of the ecological components of the environment is reduced to minimum.

4.11.2 CROPS Necessary environmental protection measures have been planned under EMP (Environmental Management Plan) to protect the crops production of surrounding area. e.g. air pollution control systems shall be designed to take care of even emergency releases of the gaseous pollutants and regular environmental

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surveillance shall be done, so as not to have any short-term or cumulative effect on the crops and the natural vegetation of the area.

4.11.3 FISHERIES AND AQUATIC LIFE Only waste water i.e. sewage waste water 3.6 KL/day will be generated which will be treated in septic tank/soak pit. Thus, it can be concluded that there will not be any significant adverse impact on the water environment. Hence no adverse impact of proposed project is envisaged.

4.11.4 FOREST, NATIONAL PARKS / SANCTUARIES There is one wildlife sanctuary i.e. Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary and four reserve forests i.e. Mylliem, Marakdola, Khanapara and Garbhanga are present within 10 km radius of the plant. The wildlife conservation plan is prepared and given in environment management plan and financial aids are to be provided to the various activities carried out by forest department to protect the forest. Moreover, company will carry extensive plantation within the project site which will improves biological environment of the area.

4.12 AESTHETIC ENVIRONMENT The proposed activities and plantation will enhance the aesthetic environment of the study area.

4.13 DEMOGRAPHY, ECONOMICS, SOCIOLOGY AND HUMAN SETTLEMENT M/s. K R Associates will give direct employment to 110 personnel, In addition to direct employment; indirect employment shall generate ancillary business to some extent for the local population. There is a positive effect due to improved communication and health services, which have lead to economic prosperity, better educational opportunities and access to better health and family welfare facilities. There has been a beneficial effect on human settlement due to employment opportunities. There shall be no displacement of any population in plant area. Hence, there is no permanent impact on this account. The increasing industrial activity will boost the commercial and economical status of the locality up to some extent.

4.14 INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES As a result of development of industry, the neighbouring areas shall be developed for commercial use. The infrastructure services e.g. roads, state transport, post and telegraph, communication, education and medical facilities, housing, etc. shall be improved in the surrounding areas.

4.15 PLACES OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL/HISTORICAL/RELIGIOUS/TOURIST INTEREST There is no place of archaeological, historical, religious or tourist interest within the study area i.e.10 km radius of plant site. Hence, there shall be no impact on places of interest.

4.16 SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS DUE TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT Summary of potential impacts due to the proposed activities, its source and mitigation measures are given as table-4.5 below.

TABLE-4.5 POTENTIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATIVE MEASURES ENVIRONMENTAL SOURCES OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS MITIGATIVE MEASURES REMARKS COMPONENTS IMPACT

Air Quality Increase in SO2, NOX, Process emissions, Adequate stack height with Regular & PM concentrations Fugitive emissions, APC equipment. monitoring of in ambient air Utility stack stack will be emissions carried out

Control of fugitive Minor emissions adverse impacts on ambient air quality Water Quality Deterioration of water Construction activity, Proper management of No waste quality abstraction of water surface water run off shall water shall be for construction and be made discharge

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ENVIRONMENTAL SOURCES OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS MITIGATIVE MEASURES REMARKS COMPONENTS IMPACT sanitation in housing outside the for workers. premises.

Decrease in ground Ground water Rain water harvesting Insignificant water table abstraction for adverse process impact Noise Increased noise level Project operation Noise abatement at Marginal generation point & green impact belt before receptor Socio-Economic Overall growth & Project activities - Beneficial development of area, change increased employment, improvement in infrastructure and growth of downstream industries Terrestrial Minor loss of habitat- Project activities Green belt, Proper, No impact Ecology flora & fauna, Aquatic management of solid waste life and liquid effluent Infrastructure & Improved Social activities of Development has been Beneficial Services communication, company gradual impact transport, housing, educational & medical facilities Environmental Risk to environment & Handling and storage On site & off site Disaster Insignificant Hazards neighboring of fuels management plan & Safe adverse population practices impact

4.17 MATRIX REPRESENTATION Construction activities will include development of production facilities only and it will be temporary for the small duration of time. The impact identification matrix is carried out for operation phase only. The potential impacts during operation phases are presented in the form of a matrix in table-4.6. The quantification of impact is done using numerical scores 0 to 5 as per the following criteria.

Score Severity criteria 0 No impact 1 No damage 2 Slight/ Short-term effect 3 Occasional reversible effect 4 Irreversible/ Long-term effect 5 Permanent damage

Environmental Impact matrix due the proposed activities for operation phase is shown as table-4.7.

4.17.1 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART The total negative impact of various activities on any one parameter is represented as a cumulative score and the cumulative scores of various parameters are given in the form of a cumulative impact chart. Any particular parameter having an individual score greater than 4 or cumulative score of 20 implies serious effects due to the project and calls for suitable mitigation measures.

It is evident from the matrices that the resultant impact is beneficial to the local population and due to export (and import substitution) the resultant impact is beneficial to our country. The total cumulative scores for various parameters and activities are presented in table-4.8.

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TABLE-4.6 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION MATRIX (OPERATION PHASE)

Terres- Land Socio- Activities During Air Noise & Water Infrast- Env. trial Aquatic Resource Requi- Economic Operation Phase Quality Odor Quality ructure Hazards Ecology Ecology Depletion rement Status Land-use Water Requirement - - 3 - - - - 3 3 3 Raw material 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 - 3 3 storage/Handling Gaseous/ fugitive Emissions 3 - - - 3 3 - 3 - - Product Storage/ Handling 3 - - 3 3 - - - 3 - Shutdown/ Startup 3 3 3 - - 3 - - - 3 Equipment Failures 3 3 3 - 3 3 - - - - Plant Operations 3 3 3 3 3 3 - 3 3 3 Transportation 3 3 - - 3 3 - 3 - - Medical & Other Needs - - - 3 - - - 3 - - Resource Consumption - 3 3 3 3 - 3 - - 3

TABLE-4.7 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATRIX (OPERATION PHASE)

Terres- Land Socio Activities During Air Noise Water Infrast- Env. trial Aquatic Resource Requi- Economic Operation Phase Quality & Odor Quality ructure Hazards Ecology Ecology Depletion rement Status Land-use Water Requirement 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 Raw material Storage/ 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 2 Handling Gaseous/ Fugitive Emissions 2 0 0 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 Product Storage/ Handling 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 Shutdown/ Startup 1 2 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 Equipment Failures 2 2 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 Plant Operations 1 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 2 Transportation 2 1 0 0 1 2 0 2 0 0 Medical & Other Needs 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 Resource Consumption 0 1 2 2 1 0 1 0 0 3

TABLE-4.8 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CHART (OPERATION PHASE)

ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETER TOTAL CUMULATIVE SCORE Air Quality 10 Noise and Odour 9 Water Quality 8 Land Requirement 6 Infrastructure 8 Environmental Hazards 11 Terrestrial Ecology / Land use 3 Socio Economic Status 8 Aquatic Ecology 4 Re-source Depletion 9

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CHAPTER – 5

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

5.1 INTRODUCTION Environmental monitoring provides feedback about the actual environmental impacts of a project. Monitoring results help judge the success of mitigation measures in protecting the environment. They are also used to ensure compliance with environmental standards, and to facilitate any needed project design or operational changes. An environmental monitoring program is important as it provides useful information and helps to: ¾ Assist in detecting the development of any unwanted environmental situation, and thus, provides opportunities for adopting appropriate control measures, and ¾ Define the responsibilities of the project proponents, contractors and environmental monitors and provides means of effectively communicating environmental issues among them. ¾ Define monitoring mechanism and identify monitoring parameters. ¾ Evaluate the performance and effectiveness of mitigation measures proposed in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and suggest improvements in management plan, if required. ¾ Find out pollution level inside the plant and in nearby area. ¾ Compile pollution related data for remedial measures. ¾ Find out efficiency level of pollution control measures adopted.

5.2 MONITORING SCHEDULE Environmental monitoring programme is a vital process of any management plan of the development project. This helps in assessing the potential problems that result from the proposed project, changes in environmental conditions and effectiveness of implemented mitigation measures. Regular monitoring in a systematic and standardized manner helps in assessment of current environment and provides information on operational performance of installed pollution control facilities. Proposed schedule of environmental monitoring for the proposed project is given in following table-5.1.

TABLE-5.1 PROPOSED SCHEDULE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

IMPORTANT NO. PARTICULARS MONITORING FREQUENCY PARAMETERS Online continuous for major stacks 1. Stack emission Monitoring PM, SO & NOx and for other once in a month 2

2. Ambient Air Quality monitoring Twice in a Year PM10, PM2.5, SO2,1 NOx & CO 3. Fugitive Emission monitoring Twice in a Year Particulate Matter the parameters specified in IS 4. Ground water monitoring Once in a Year for drinking water pH, BOD, COD, DO, TDS, 5. Sewage waste water monitoring Twice in a Year TSS, etc. 6. Noise Monitoring Once in a month Noise Levels in dB(A) 7. Ecological environment monitoring Once in a Year Flora & Fauna 8. Occupational health monitoring Pre employment Vision, Audiometry, Spirometry, chest Skiagram, During employment Unrin, RBS, etc. Post employment

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CHAPTER – 6

RISK ASSESSMENT AND DAMAGE CONTROL

6.1 INTRODUCTION Industries have a wide variety of process involving consumption, production and storage of chemicals. The condition that contributes to the danger, by these chemicals, are when these chemicals are not kept/stable at normal pressure and temperature. Hence these chemicals are kept at/or high pressure and temperatures; the gases are liquefied by refrigeration to facilitate storage in bulk quantities. Under these circumstances, it is essential to achieve and maintain high standards of plant integrity through good design, management and operational controls. Given the large quantities of potentially hazardous materials which are handled daily without incident, it is clear that the controls and safeguards which have been developed by the industry are effective. However, accidents do occur and these can cause serious injury to employees or to the public, and damage to property. Most disastrous events like the Bhopal tragedy have emphasized the need to address both on-site and off-site safety. The public concern at such events invariably leads to call for additional control at national and international levels. It is against this background that the various Section and Rules under the Environment Protection Act, 1986, the Factories Act, 1948 and other Acts specify the requirements for a safe and reliable working of an industry. These require carrying out various studies and analysis to assess and mitigate hazards prevalent in the factory in line with the above goal of safe and reliable working. These are more commonly known as “Risk Assessment Studies”. This chapter explains the basis of Risk Assessment and its objectives.

6.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The main objectives of the Risk Assessment Studies are as given below: 1) To define and assess emergencies, including risk impact assessment. 2) To control and contain incidents. 3) To safeguard employees and people in vicinity. 4) To minimize damage to property and environment. 5) To inform the employees, the general public and the authority about the hazards / risk assessed, safeguards provided, residual risk if any and the role to be played in them in the event of emergency. 6) To be ready for mutual aid if need is arise to help neighboring unit. Normal jurisdiction of an Onsite Emergency Plan (OEP) in the own premises only, but looking to the time factor in arriving the external help or off - site emergency plan agency, the jurisdiction must be extended outside the extent possible in case of emergency occurring outside. 7) To inform authorities and mutual aid centers to come for help. 8) To affect rescue and treatment of casualties. To count injured and identify & list any death. 9) To inform and help relatives. 10) To secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas and to restore normalcy. 11) To provide authoritative information to the media. 12) To preserve records, equipments, etc., and to organize investigation into the cause of emergency and preventive measures to stop its recurrences. 13) To ensure safety of the workers before personnel re-enter and resume work. 14) To work out a plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and to provide for emergency preparedness and the periodical rehearsal of the plan.

6.3 PHILOSOPHY AND METHODOLOGY OF RISK ASSESSMENT Major hazard installations have to be operated to a very high degree of safety; this is the duty of the management. In addition, management holds a key role in the organization and implementation of a major hazard control system. In particular, the management has the responsibility to: i. Provide the information required to identify major hazard installations; ii. Carry out hazard assessment; iii. Report to the authorities on the results of the hazard assessment; iv. Set up an emergency plan; v. Take measures to improve plant safety.

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In order to fulfill the above responsibility, the Management must be aware of the nature of the hazard, of the events that cause accidents and of the potential consequences of such accidents. This means that in order to control a major hazard successfully, the Management must have answers to the following questions: a. Do toxic, explosive or flammable substances in our facility constitute a major hazard? b. Which failures or errors can cause abnormal conditions leading to a major accident? c. If a major accident occurs, what are the consequences of a fire, an explosion or a toxic release for the employees, people living outside the factory, the plant or the Environment? d. What can Management do to prevent these accidents from happening? e. What can be done to mitigate the consequences of an accident? The most appropriate way of answering these questions is to carry out a hazard or risk assessment study, the purpose of which is to understand why accidents occur and how they can be avoided or at least mitigated. A properly conducted assessment will therefore i. Analyze the existing safety concept or develop a new one; ii. Identify the remaining hazards; and iii. Develop optimum measures for technical and organization protection in event of an abnormal plant operation.

6.4 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS

6.4.1 PROBABLE EMERGENCIES AT PLANT SITE (A) FIRE & EXPLOSION HAZARD: 1. Fuel storage area and generator room 2. Raw material storage area (B) HAZARD DUE TO COLLAPSE OF BUILDING, HEAVY STRUCTURE OF PLANT MACHINERIES: 1. Structures of sheds 2. Buildings etc. (C) OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARD: 1. Dust exposure due to fugitive emission 4. Illuminations 2. Noise hazard 5. Ergonomics 3. Heat (D) NATURAL HAZARDS DUE TO: 1. Earthquake 4. Cyclone 2. Heavy Rainfall 5. Fire 3. Flood

Hazard is the associated term with material, which is a measure or the likely hood of the human working with, or studying the material in question. The entire probable potential hazard is classified under different heads.

6.4.1.1 FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS & ITS CONTROL MEASURES Since the Stone Age term ‘fire’ is associated with fear. It is very dangerous if occurs in uncontrolled manner. It should be clearly understood that when a liquid is used having flash point below the normal ambient temperature, any activity involving spark, near raw material storage area and near generator room it could, liberate a sufficient quantity of vapour to give rise to flammable mixtures with air, spark-plug activity done near-by fuel or raw material storage and near generator room.

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6.4.1.2 HAZARD DUE TO COLLAPSE OF BUILDING, HEAVY STRUCTURE OF PLANT MACHINERIES Building and heavy machinery can collapse if proper maintenance has not done, Bomb threat, any natural hazard like earthquake, flood and lightening can affect the same.

Control Measures: To overcome this hazard, regular maintenance of buildings and heavy machinery shall be done. If Hazards occur due to any reason, following arrangement shall be done. • Arrange rescue and treatment of causalities • Give immediate warning to the surrounding area for preparedness • Mobilize and afford transport and medical treatment of the injured

6.4.1.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS

6.4.1.3.1 DUST EXPOSURE The major sources of emission for Dust exposure associated with the occupation in Cement plant are: 1. Raw Material Handling: Total Dust or Suspended Particulate Matter. 2. Crusher Section: Total Dust or Suspended Particulate Matter. 3. Raw Mill Section: Total Dust or Suspended Particulate Matter

4. Kiln Section: Suspended Particulate Matter, SO2, NOx 5. Feeder Section: Total Dust or Suspended Particulate Matter. 6. Cement Grinding Unit: Total Dust or Suspended Particulate Matter.

Potential health effects: Eye Contact: Airborne dust may cause immediate or delayed irritation or inflammation. Eye contact with large amounts of clinker dust and dry cement powder can cause moderate eye irritation, chemical burns and blindness. Eye contact with large amounts of gypsum can cause moderate eye irritation, redness, and abrasions. Eye exposures require immediate first aid and medical attention to prevent significant damage to the eye.

Skin Contact: Dust of clinker, gypsum and cement may cause dry skin, discomfort, irritation, severe burns and dermatitis. Clinker dust and cement dust are capable of causing dermatitis by irritation. Skin affected by dermatitis may include symptoms such as, redness, itching, rash, scaling and cracking. Irritant dermatitis is caused by the physical properties of clinker dust including alkalinity and abrasion.

Inhalation (acute): Breathing dust may cause nose, throat or lung irritation, including choking, depending on the degree of exposure. Inhalation of high levels of dust can cause chemical burns to the nose, throat and lungs.

Inhalation (chronic): Risk of injury depends on duration and level of exposure. This product contains crystalline silica. Prolonged or repeated inhalation of respirable crystalline silica from this product can cause silicosis, a seriously disabling and fatal lung disease. Some studies show that exposure to respirable crystalline silica (without silicosis) or that the disease silicosis may be associated with the increased incidence of several autoimmune disorders such as scleroderma (thickening of the skin), systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and diseases affecting the kidneys. Silicosis increases the risk of tuberculosis.

Ingestion: Internal discomfort or ill effects are possible if large quantities are swallowed.

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Exposure Limits: The exposure limits for Portland cement, gypsum, crystalline silica and calcium carbonate are as given in the following table.

SR.NO. CHEMICALS ACGIH TLV-TWA (mg/m3) 1 Portland Cement Total dust 10 mg/m3 2 Calcium Sulfate dehydrate (gypsum) Total dust 10 mg/m3 3 Crystalline Silica Respirable quartz 0.05 mg/m3 4 Calcium carbonate Total dust 10 mg/m3

First Aid Measures: Following first aid measures shall be taken.

Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, including under lids, to remove all particles. Seek medical attention for abrasions and burns.

Skin Contact: Wash with cool water and a pH neutral soap or a milk skin detergent. Seek medical attention for rash, burns, irritation and dermatitis.

Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Seek medical attention for discomfort or if coughing or other symptoms.

Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If conscious, have person drink plenty of water. Seek medical attention.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection: Exposure Controls: - Control of dust through implementation of good housekeeping and maintenance; - The bag filters will be installed to control dust emission. - Use of PPEs (Personal Protective Equipments), as appropriate (e.g. masks and respirators) - Use of mobile vacuum cleaning systems to prevent dust buildup on paved areas;

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): - Respiratory Protection: When the dust level is beyond exposure limits or when dust causes irritation or discomfort use Respirator. - Eye Protection: Wear Safety goggles to avoid dust contact with the eyes. Contact lenses should not be worn when handling the materials. - Skin Protection: Wear impervious abrasion and alkali resistant gloves, boots, long sleeved shirt, long pants or other protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

6.4.1.3.2 NOISE EXPOSURE Sources: Grinding mills, Compressors, Fans, Blowers, Material handlers, Crushers and D. G. sets

Effects: Hearing impairment, Hypertension, Ischemic heart disease, Annoyance, Sleep disturbance

Attenuation And Conservation:

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 6 - 4

Tools for assessing noise levels, a successful noise control program that focuses on engineering control of noise requires the institution of a hearing conservation plan and the use of proper monitoring equipment, surveys, maps, and modeling. A thorough hearing conservation plan should be established where noise exposure exceeds 85-dBA time weighted average for eight hours. A good program consists of the following components: • Noise measurement and analysis; • Engineering control of noise sources where feasible; • Administrative controls and personal protection where noise control is not feasible; • Audiometric testing; • Employee training and education; • Record keeping; and • Evaluation

Control Measures:

• Introducing good acoustic design for the new production line • Adopting proper scheduling of construction activities • Scheduling noisy activities during the daytime periods • Operating well-maintained mechanical equipment on-site • Ensuring that equipment that may be intermittent in use should be shut down between work periods or should be throttled down to a minimum • Installing rubber coating in dumpers and entry chutes • Using personnel protection gear such as earplugs, muffs, etc. • Developing a greenbelt around the plant periphery • Controlling air-flow generated noise by adopting adequate sizing of inlet/outlet ducts • Installing noise barriers around air blowers, pumps, and generators to reduce noise impacts at nearby receptors • Devising and implementing a rigorous inspection and maintenance program applicable to equipment on-site

6.4.1.3.3 HEAT STRESS Aim is to maintain body core temperature within +1°C of normal (37°C). This core body temperature range can be exceeded under certain circumstances with selected populations, environmental and physiologic monitoring, and other controls.

Source: High temperature and humidity; direct sun or heat; limited air movement; physical exertion; poor physical condition; some medicines; inadequate tolerance for hot workplaces; and insufficient water intake can all lead to heat stress.

Different kind of heat disorders and health effects are possible and how should they be treated?

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 6 - 5

TABLE-6.1 HEAT STRESS, SYMPTOMS & MEDICAL TREATMENT

SR. PRIMARY SIGNS AND DEFINITION MEDICAL TREATMENT NO. SYMPTOMS Heat Stroke - Most serious heat Confusion; irrational behavior; Placed worker in a shady, cool related disorder when the body's loss of consciousness; convulsions; area and the remove outer temperature regulation fails and a lack of sweating (usually); hot, clothing; Provide the worker 1. body temperature rises to critical dry skin; and an abnormally high fluids (preferably water); levels, It’s a medical emergency body temperature circulate air to improve may result in death evaporative cooling Heat Exhaustion - Partly due to headache, nausea, dizziness, Remove from the hot exhaustion; it is a result of the weakness, thirst, and giddiness; environment and give fluid combination of excessive heat and Fainting or heat collapse replacement. Encourage getting 2. dehydration adequate rest, and when possible, ice packs should be applied. Heat Cramps - Caused by electrolyte imbalance caused by Workers in hot environments performing hard physical labor in a sweating and are normally caused drink water every 15 to 20 3. hot environment. by the lack of water replenishment minutes and also drink carbohydrate-electrolyte replacement liquids Heat Rashes - the skin is a red cluster of pimples or small provide a cooler, less humid persistently wetted by un- blisters mainly in neck and upper environment, powder may be 4. evaporated sweat chest, in the groin, under the used to increase comfort, avoid breasts, and in elbow creases using ointments or creams

Administrative or work practice controls to offset heat effects: • Provide accurate verbal and written instructions, annual training programs, and other information about heat stress • Acclimatize workers by exposing them to work in a hot environment for progressively longer periods. • Replace fluids by providing cool water or any cool liquid (except alcoholic and caffeinated beverages) to workers and encourage them to drink small amounts frequently, e.g., one cup every 20 minutes. Ample supplies of liquids should be placed close to the work area. • Reduce the physical demands by reducing physical exertion such as excessive lifting, climbing, or digging with heavy objects. Use relief workers or assign extra workers, and minimize overexertion. • Provide recovery areas such as air-conditioned enclosures and rooms and provide intermittent rest periods with water breaks. • Reschedule hot jobs for the cooler part of the day, and routine maintenance and repair work in hot areas should be scheduled for the cooler seasons of the year. • Monitor workers who are at risk of heat stress, such as those wearing semi-permeable or impermeable clothing when the temperature exceeds 70°F, while working at high energy levels. Personal monitoring can be done by checking the heart rate, recovery heart rate, and oral temperature.

6.4.1.3.4 ILLUMINATION Details of probable illumination and its sources are given as table-6.2 below.

TABLE-6.2 PROBABLE ILLUMINATION

SR. LOCATION ILLUMINATION BY ILLUMINATION IN LUX NO. 1. Low roof buildings Fluorescent tube lights 100-150/300 (control rooms) 2. Shops/ High roof building HPSV lamps 100-150

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 6 - 6

SR. LOCATION ILLUMINATION BY ILLUMINATION IN LUX NO. High color rendering 3. Metal halide lamp fittings -- required(low color distortion) 4. Open yard and area illumination HPSV flood light fittings 15-30

The use of energy saving equipments and power factor lamp fittings shall be preferred.

6.4.1.3.5 ERGONOMICS Ergonomics is the term applied to the field that studies and designs the human-machine interface to prevent illness and injury and to improve work performance. It attempts to ensure that jobs and work tasks are designed to be compatible with the capabilities of the workers.

Source: Some physical agents play an important role in ergonomics such as Force, Acceleration and Thermal factors. Force is an "important causal agent in injuries from lifting. Other Important ergonomic considerations include work duration, repetition, contact stresses, postures, and psychosocial issues.

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are an important occupational health problem that can be managed using an ergonomics health and safety program. The term musculoskeletal disorders refers to chronic muscle, tendon, and nerve disorders caused by repetitive exertions, rapid motions, high forces, contact stresses, extreme postures, vibration, and/or low temperatures. Other commonly used terms for work-related musculoskeletal disorders include Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs), Repetitive Motion Illnesses (RMIs), and Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSIs). Some of these disorders fit established diagnostic criteria such as carpal tunnel syndrome or tendinitis. Other musculoskeletal disorders may be manifested by nonspecific pain. Some transient discomfort is normal consequence of work and is unavoidable, but discomfort that persists from day to day or interferes with activities of work or daily living should not be considered an acceptable outcome of work.

Control Strategies: The incidence and severity of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are best controlled by an integrated ergonomics program. Major program elements include the followings: • Recognition of the problem, • Evaluation of suspected jobs for possible risk factors. • Identification and evaluation of causative factors, • Involvement of workers as fully informed active participants, and • Appropriate health care for workers who have developed musculoskeletal disorders. General programmatic controls should be implemented when risk of MSDs is recognized. These include: Education of workers, supervisors, engineers, and managers; • Education of workers, supervisors, engineers, and managers; • Early reporting of symptoms by workers; and • Ongoing surveillance and evaluation of injury, health and medical data, Job-specific controls are directed to individual jobs associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). These include engineering controls and administrative controls. Personal protection may he appropriate under some limited circumstances.

Control Measures: Among engineering controls to eliminate or reduce risk factors from the job, the following may be considered: y Using work, methods engineering, e.g., time study, motion analysis, to eliminate unnecessary motions and exertions. y Using mechanical assists to eliminate or reduce exertions required to hold tools and work objects. y Selecting for designing tools that reduce force requirements, reduce holding time, and improve postures.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 6 - 7

y Providing user-adjustable workstations that reduce reaching and improve postures. y Implementing quality control and maintenance programs that reduce unnecessary forces and exertions, especially associated with non value-added work. Administrative controls reduce risk through reduction of exposure time and sharing the exposure among a larger group of workers. Examples include: y Implementing work standards that permit workers to pause or stretch as necessary but at least once per hour. y Re-allocating work assignments (e.g., using worker rotation or work enlargement) so that a worker does not spend an entire work shift per forming high-demand tasks. Due to the complex nature of musculoskeletal disorders, there is no "one size fits all" approach to reducing the incidence and severity of cases. The following principles apply to selecting actions: y Appropriate engineering and administrative controls will vary from industry to industry and company to company. y Informed professional judgment is required to select the appropriate control measures. y Work-related MSDs typically require periods of weeks to months for recovery. Control measures should be evaluated accordingly to determine their effectiveness.

6.4.1.4 NATURAL HAZARDS AND ITS CONTROL MEASURES

6.4.1.4.1 EARTHQUAKE HAZARD Earthquakes are caused by natural tectonic interactions. Earthquakes strike suddenly without warning, and thus unpredictable. Therefore preventive measures for ensuring safety of buildings, structures, communication facilities, water supply lines, electricity and life are of utmost priority.

6.4.1.4.2 HEAVY RAIN FALL Heavy rain would mean three days or more of uninterrupted rainfall, the total amounting to at least 3 times that month’s average rainfall in the block area. In absence of supporting materials, rain amount from 64.5 mm to 124.4 mm per day continuously for three days or more and or 124.5mm and above for more than one day, may be treated as heavy rainfall. Preventive measures to cope with heavy rainfall would be followed like preventive structure of buildings with proper slope, development of proper water supply and drainage system, etc. will be developed.

6.4.1.4.3 FLOOD HAZARD The rivers along with their branches and tributaries can hardly hold the large volume of water, which passes through them during the rainy season (15th June to 15th October), which causes heavy and widespread inundation named as flood.

River Umtru is one of the tributary of river Brahmaputr, which is passes through study area. The flood hazard zonation mapping is done for the study area and the same is presented as Annexure-X. According to flood hazard zonation map, there is no major influence of flood at project site, so there will not be any damage predicted due to flood.

6.4.1.4.4 FIRE Fire accidents present a serious problem to the houses. This is mostly due to the peculiar housing pattern adopted in the villages. These houses have generally walls with thatched roofs made out of timber, bamboo and straw. They spring up in clusters. Any occurrence of fire destroys houses and properties thereby causing serious damage to the affected people. Adequate fire fighting equipments will be provided to overcome the fire accident which protects the workers, raw-materials, finished goods and plant premises.

6.4.1.4.5 CYCLONE Cyclones ordinarily bring in their trail heavy rains causing severe floods and saline inundation. It is already discussed in previous sections.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 6 - 8

6.4.1.4.6 DISASTER SPECIFIC PRONENESS TO VARIOUS TYPES OF HAZARDS The following table-6.3 depicts about the various type of natural hazard that are prone in District Kamrup, its period of occurrence, potential impacts and the vulnerable areas of the District Kamrup.

TABLE-6.3 PROBABLE NATURAL HAZARD IN DISTRICT KAMRUP

TYPE OF HAZARDS TIME OF OCCURRENCE POTENTIAL IMPACT Earth Quake Anytime Loss of Life, Livestock and Infrastructure damage Flood May to August Loss of life, livestock, crop and infrastructure damage Cyclone March to May Loss of life, crop, infrastructure and animals Fire March to May Human Loss and house damage

6.5 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

6.5.1 INTRODUCTION An emergency is said to have arisen when operators in the plant are not able to cope up with a potential hazardous situation i.e. loss of control of an incident causes the plant to go beyond its normal operating conditions, thus creating danger. When such an emergency evolves, chain of events affect the normal working within the factory area and/or which may cause injuries, loss of life, substantial damage to property and environment both inside and outside the factory and a disaster is said to have occurred. The various steps involved in the process of disaster management can be summarized as: 1. Minimize risk occurrence (Prevention) 2. Rapid control (Emergency Response) 3. Effectively Rehabilitate Damaged Areas (Restoration) Disaster management plan is evolved by careful scrutiny and interlinking of: (a) Types and causes of disaster. (b) Technical know-how (c) Resource availability

6.5.2 OBJECTIVES OF PLAN This plan is developed to make best possible use of resources to: - Rescue the victims and treat them suitably. - Safeguard others (evacuating them to safer places). - Contain the incident and control it with minimum damage. - Identify the persons affected. - Preserve relevant records and equipment needed as evidence incase on an inquiry. - Rehabilitate the affected areas.

6.5.3 SCOPE OF PLAN The plan will set into action immediately after a fire occurs inside the plant. However, fire hazard will be restricted to fuel storage area only and hence no major disaster is envisaged.

6.5.4 BASIS OF PLAN Company will prepare an onsite emergency plan. The basic guidelines of the plan are as given below: 1. Informative brochure on emergency will be distributed to each staff member of the plant and telephone numbers of key personnel to be contacted during an emergency will be placed at all the operator placement point in the plant. 2. Company will have a direct tele-link service line with the central control room as well as nearest fire station in case of severe emergency. 3. Workers would be trained regularly on fire hazard drill, which will be organized once in a month by the safety and fire department.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 6 - 9

4. Various locations would be covered with fire hydrant system that would be tested and put into operation in such a manner that it remains operational during emergency. 5. 24 hours vehicle for service and in- plant first aid emergency kit would provide.

6.5.5 POST DISASTER ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION When an emergency is over, it is desirable to carry out a detailed analysis of the causes of the accident to evaluate the influence of various factors involved and to propose methods to eliminate or minimize them in future. Simultaneously, the adequacy of the disaster preparedness plan will be evaluated and any short comings will be rectified.

6.5.6 THE AVAILABILITY, ORGANIZATION, AND UTILIZATION OF RESOURCES FOR EMERGENCIES In order to maintain emergency response capability, certain facilities must be kept in a state of readiness, and sufficient supplies and equipment must be available. Typical examples are: y Emergency operation center y Communication equipment y Alarm systems y Personal Protection Equipment (PPEs) y Fire fighting facilities, equipment and supplies y Spill and vapor release control equipment and supplies y Medical facilities, equipment and supplies y Monitoring systems y Transportation systems y Security and access control equipment

It is the responsibility of the plant management to ensure that the appropriate equipment and materials are available to respond to their very hazard-specific emergencies at the facility. One of the most important objectives of emergency planning is to create a response organization structure capable of being deployed in the shortest possible time during an emergency. Command and control of an emergency condition encompasses the key management functions necessary to ensure safeguard of the health and safety of employees, as well as the public living in the vicinity. These primary functions are as follow: y Detection of the emergency condition y Assessment of the condition y Classification of the emergency y Mitigation of the emergency conditions y Notification to management personnel y Notification to local, state and government agencies y Activation and response of the necessary on-site and off-site support personnel y Continuous assessment and reclassification, as necessary y Initiation of protective actions y Aid to affected personnel y Recovery and re-entry The key personnel shall be nominated with special responsibilities according to the laid down procedures and to make the best use of available resources, the key personnel are as under:

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 6 - 10

y Alarm raiser y Incident controller y Site main controller y Essential workers y Other key personnel The responsibilities of the above key personnel are as described below:

6.5.6.1 ALARM RAISER Any person who notices any abnormal incident of hazardous nature will raise an alarm to make people aware of the scenario. His responsibilities are: 1. As soon as he notices any incident, he will first inform to his superior and co-worker. 2. If the hazard is minor, he will try to prevent by using internal resources. 3. If the incident of hazard is major, raise the siren or press the emergency siren button provided at various places in the buildings.

6.5.6.2 INCIDENT CONTROLLER (IC) His responsibility includes the followings: 1. As soon as the sound of siren or bell is heard, he will arrive at the site of incident. 2. Take the charge of the scene of the incident. 3. To assess the scale of emergency. If the emergency is minor, he will start to activate on-site plan. 4. As per the incident, direct the essential workers to prevent it by using extinguishers in case of fire; by covering the liquid spillage by sand or suitable materials in case of liquid. 5. Direct the shut down of the plant or part of the plant and evacuate the plant personnel to assembly point. 6. Direct all operations within the affected areas with the following priorities. (a) Secure the safety of personnel. (b) Minimize loss of material. (c) Minimize damage to plant, property and environment. 7. To search for casualties. 8. To brief site main controller and keep informed of development of situation. 9. To preserve evidence that will be necessary for subsequent inquiry into the cause of emergency and concluding preventive measures.

6.5.6.3 SITE MAIN CONTROLLER (SMC) He is the head authority of the organization. He will have over all responsibility for directing operating and calling for outside help from emergency control centre. The site main controller shall wear white helmet for his easy identification .the responsibilities and duties of the site main controller include: 1. Relieve the incident controller of his responsibilities of over all charge of main control. 2. On consultation with incident controller and other key personnel, decide about the type of emergency. 3. To ensure that key personnel are caller in. 4. To continuously review and assess possible developments to determine the most probable cause of events.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 6 - 11

5. To direct the safe closure of the plant and evacuate the plant incident controller and other key person.

6.5.6.4 ESSENTIAL WORKERS (EW) As soon as the essential workers hear the emergency siren or any emergency brought to the knowledge, they will first report to the incident controller. The team of essential workers trained in fire fighting and first-aid will be made available in the factory round the clock in all shifts. Their responsibility includes followings: 1. To fight fire till a fire brigade takes the charge. 2. To help the fire brigade and mutual aid teams. 3. To do emergency engineering work like isolation of equipment, materials, process, providing temporary by-pass line for safe transfer of materials, urgent repairs and replacement, electrical work etc. 4. To provide emergency services like power, water, lighting, instrument, equipment etc. 5. To move equipment, special vehicles and transport to or from the scene of incident. 6. To provide first aid and medical help. 7. To carry out atmospheric tests and pollution control.

6.5.6.5 OTHER KEY PERSONNEL Other key personnel are required to provide advice and to implement the decisions taken by the site main controller in the light of information received on the situation from the site emergency. The responsibilities and duties of key personnel include the followings:

(1) SAFETY: The safety officer /supervisor will carry out the following: a) To provide necessary equipment like Fire Fighting Equipment (FFE) and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). b) To accompany factory inspector during investigation of the emergency. c) To train workers /supervisors in safety and safe operating procedures. d) To assist the site main controller, incident controller in preparing a brief report of the incidents.

(2) ASSEMBLY POINTS: The assembly points for gathering non –essential workers / persons will be fixed and will be clearly marked as per the wind direction.

(3) FIRE CONTROL ARRANGEMENTS: Fire fighting trained personnel will be made available in all the shifts. The responsibilities and duties include the followings: a) To fight the fire with available internal Fire Fighting Equipment. b) To provide personal protective Equipment to the team. c) To cordon the area and inform incident controller or site main controller about the development of emergency. d) To trained personnel (essential workers) to use Personal Protective Equipment and Fire Fighting Equipment.

(4) MEDICAL ARRANGEMENT: The responsibilities and duties include:

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 6 - 12

a) To provide first aid to the affected persons, and if necessary, send them to hospitals for further treatment. b) To keep updated medical records of employees. c) To keep a list of blood groupings ready and updated.

(5) TRANSPORTATION AND EVACUATION ARRANGEMENT: For transportation of people, company’s vehicles, cars, rickshaws etc. will be utilized. The hazard in the proposed cement plant is mainly associated with cement production phases and results in the form of dust, noise and fire. The main hazards during the transportation and storing of material are: y The airborne dust created during the storage of material. y The conveyor belts during their normal operation as well as during their maintenance In order to reduce the risk from airborne dust: y To use dust suction systems y To implement the necessary procedures for the routine cleaning of the settled dust In material transport systems there are moving parts that are a constant source of hazard for any persons working near these conveyors during normal operation or during the maintenance activities. For the safe operation of material transportation system all the necessary guards are applied to isolate the moving parts. Additionally where personnel are working at a short distance from the guards, emergency stops are provided within short distance of these operators. During the normal operation of the transportation systems: y The removal of guards by unauthorized personnel must be prevented. y Any maintenance work during the operation of the transportation system must be avoided. y Removing material during the operation of the conveyors must be avoided. y The cleaning of overflows during operation must be avoided unless the cleaning is done by the conveyor operatives. y The use of unauthorized passageways either over or under the transportation system must be avoided because there is the risk of personnel getting trapped by the conveyor or overflowing material can fall from height. y The overhead bridges must be clean in order to minimize the possibility of the tripping and falling of the personnel performing the checks on the conveyor belts. y Any intervention on the conveyor belt overload systems must be done by authorized personnel.

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CHAPTER – 7

PROJECT BENEFITS

7.1 INTRODUCTION India is the world’s second largest producer of cement after China with industry capacity of over 200 million tonnes (MT). With the boost given by the government to various infrastructure projects, road network and housing facilities, growth in the cement consumption is anticipated in the coming years.

7.2 PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE As proposed project is a new cement plant, all the major physical infrastructure development shall take place, which will improve the existing infrastructure scenario.

7.3 EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES For the proposed project activities skilled and unskilled manpower will be needed. This will temporarily increase the employment opportunity. Secondary jobs are also bound to be generated to provide day-to-day needs and services to the work force. This will also temporarily increase the demand for essential daily utilities in the local market.

The manpower requirement for the proposed project will generate some permanent jobs and secondary jobs for the operation and maintenance of plant. This will increase direct/indirect employment opportunities and ancillary business development to some extent for the local population. This phase is expected to create beneficial impact on the local socio-economic environment.

The project will benefit the people living in the neighboring villages by giving preference to them in relation to direct employment associated with the various project activities. Construction and operation phase of the proposed project will involve a certain number of laborers. There is a possibility that local people will be engaged for this purpose. The operation phase will involve a number of skilled and unskilled workers. There is a possibility that local people will be engaged for this purpose to the extent possible and hence improve the existing employment scenario of the region.

7.4 INDUSTRIES The required raw materials and skilled and unskilled laborers will be utilized maximum from the local area. The increasing industrial activity will boost the commercial and economical status of the locality, to some extent.

In brief it can be concluded that due to the proposed activities there will be no adverse impact on sanitation, communication and community health, as sufficient measures have been proposed to be taken under the EMP (Environmental Management Plan). The proposed project is not expected to make any significant change in the existing status of the socio-economic environment of this region.

7.5 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES An obligation, beyond that required by the law and economics, for a firm to pursue long term goals that are good for society

The continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as that of the local community and society at large.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): The Company shall have its objectives that, the promotion and growth of the national economy through increased productivity, effective utilization of material and manpower resources and continued application of modern scientific and managerial techniques, in keeping with the national aspiration; and the Company shall continue to be mindful of its social and moral responsibilities to consumers, employees, shareholders, society and the local community.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 7 - 1

2. Financing Plan The estimated budget for the planned CSR activities is given below. In future the responsibilities for all these facilities will be handed over to the Government. A CSR cost estimation for period of 5 years is given in the following Table:

COST INR NO. CSR ACTIVITIES (IN CR.) Eradicating hunger, poverty and malnutrition, promoting preventive health care and 0.27 1 sanitation and making available safe drinking water: Promoting education, including special education and employment enhancing vocation 0.4 2 skills especially among children, women, elderly, and the differently abled and livelihood enhancement projects; Promoting gender equality, empowering women, setting up homes and hostels for women 0.6 and orphans; setting up old age homes, day care centres and such other facilities for senior 3 citizens and measures for reducing inequalities faced by socially and economically backward groups; Ensuring environmental sustainability, ecological balance, protection of flora and fauna, 0.5 4 animal welfare, agroforestry, conservation of natural resources and maintaining quality of soil, air and water; Protection of national heritage, art and culture including restoration of buildings and sites 0.25 5 of historical importance and works of art; setting up public libraries; promotion and development of traditional arts and handicrafts: 6 Measures for the benefit of armed forces veterans, war widows and their dependents 0.2 Training to promote rural sports, nationally recognised sports, paralympic sports and 0.3 7 Olympic sports; Contribution to the Prime Minister's National Relief Fund or any other fund set up by the 0.35 8 Central Government for socio-economic development and relief and welfare of the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, other backward classes, minorities and women; Contributions or funds provided to technology incubators located within academic 0.15 9 institutions which are approved by the Central Government; 10 Rural development projects 0.7

TOTAL 3.72

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 7 - 2

CHAPTER – 8

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

8.1 INTRODUCTION Industrial development is associated with a few positive and negative impacts on the environment. The negative impacts should not hinder industrial development but they should be properly mitigated.

An environmental management plan (EMP) has been prepared for the proposed cement plant, M/s. K R Associates to minimize negative impacts and is formed on the basis of prevailing environmental conditions and likely impacts of this project on various environmental parameters. This plan will also facilitate monitoring of environmental parameters.

This EMP includes schemes for proper scientific treatment and disposal mechanism for air, liquid and solid hazardous pollutants. Apart from this, green belt development, safety aspect of the workers, noise control, fire protection etc. are also included in it.

8.2 PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Various purposes of the environmental management plan are listed below: ¾ To treat and dispose off all the pollutants viz. liquid, gaseous and solid waste so as to meet statutory requirements (Relevant Pollution Control Acts) with appropriate technology. ¾ To support and implement work to achieve environmental standards and to improve the methods of environmental management. ¾ To promote green-belt development. ¾ To encourage good working conditions for employees. ¾ To reduce fire and accident hazards. ¾ Budgeting and allocation of funds for environment management system. ¾ To adopt cleaner production technology and waste minimization program.

8.3 DETAILS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 8.3.1 DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE 8.3.1.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT Construction phase will be for a short period and hence the impacts will also be for a short and temporary period. During construction activities, mainly emission of dust and gases from movement of vehicles and construction activity is expected. However, following measures will be taken to reduce/contain such emissions: ¾ Preparation of paved internal movement roads will be taken up at the initial stage of civil construction work. ¾ Water will be sprinkled on loose top soil to prevent re-suspension of dust into ambient air due to movement of vehicles etc. ¾ Separate civil construction material storage yard will be created within the site and it will be enclosed. ¾ Possibility of raising green belt along with construction activity will also be explored. ¾ Transport vehicles and construction equipments / machineries will be properly maintained to reduce air emissions. ¾ Vehicles and equipments will be periodically checked for pollutant emissions against stipulated norms. ¾ Idle running of vehicles will be minimized during material loading / unloading operations. M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 8 - 1

¾ Exhaust vent of D.G. set will be kept at proper height to ensure quick dispersal of gaseous emissions. ¾ All construction workers will be provided appropriate PPEs like dust mask, ear plug, helmet, safety belt etc. and made to wear them during working hours.

8.3.1.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT Water required for construction of proposed project will be met from ground water using bore well. As, location of the project site falls in safe category based on Ground Water Resource Estimation (GWRE) 2009, Permission to draw ground water is not required as per the Guidelines/Criteria for evaluation of proposals/ requests for ground water abstraction (with effect from 15/11/2012) of Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA). The quantity of water will be small. Hence, no major impact on existing water resources of the study area is envisaged. Further, there will be no housing facilities at site for construction workers and hence a major source of impact on water environment will be avoided. Proper and sufficient sanitary facilities will be provided to construction workers to maintain all hygienic conditions at site. Storm water drain compatible with the local hydrological pattern of the area, will be provided to carry-off, any run-off or storm water from the premises. Care should be taken during construction work & will nor create any obstruction/dips in the topography which can lead to accumulation of water within premises leading to undesirable consequences like health and hygiene problems etc.

8.3.1.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Following measures are proposed during construction period to mitigate adverse impacts: ¾ Construction machinery and vehicles will undergo periodic maintenance to keep them in good working condition. ¾ All machineries to be used for construction purpose will be of highest standard of reputed make and compliance of noise pollution control norms by these equipments will be emphasized by company. ¾ Acoustic laggings and silencers will be used in equipments wherever possible. ¾ Feasibility of putting up acoustic enclosure / temporary barrier around areas with high noise levels will also be explored. ¾ All construction workers working in high noise areas will be provided appropriate PPEs like ear muffs and made to wear them during working hours. ¾ Possibility of raising green belt along with construction activity will also be explored so as to serve as a noise barrier.

8.3.1.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT Following steps are proposed to take care of impact of construction activity on project land area: ¾ On completion of civil works, all debris etc. will be completely removed from site to avoid any incompatibility with future use. ¾ Other materials like paints; diesel etc. will be properly stored and handled to prevent any spillage on land. ¾ All the wastes will be stored at a designated site within the premises to prevent scattered discharge on land.

8.3.1.5 SOLID WASTE Main solid waste generation during construction phase will be construction debris like rubble, brick bats, debris, steel scrap, wooden scrap, sand, gravel etc. However, these materials are inert in nature and will not result into leaching of any substance or constituent.

These materials will be properly sorted and will be used within premises for filling of low lying areas. Wooden scrap, steel scrap will be given to scrap dealers.

On completion of civil work, all debris etc. will be completely removed from site to avoid any incompatibility with future use.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 8 - 2

8.3.1.6 ECOLOGY Project site is almost on flat land with few shrubs and herbs. Thus, no major tree cutting exercise will be there and no major impact on ecology is anticipated.

However, possibility of rising of greenbelt along with construction activity will be explored so that greening of area can be started at the beginning of project.

8.3.1.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC During construction work necessary facilities like sanitation through mobile toilets, fuel for cooking, restroom, etc. will be provided.

Overall socio-economic effect of construction phase will have positive impact due to direct and indirect employment opportunity for the local livings.

8.3.2 DURING OPERATION PHASE Operation phase of any industry is being longer in duration and because of its potential to create continuous impacts. It is quite important from the impact point of view, comprehensive and effective EMP has to be prepared and implemented to safe-guard environmental concerns during operation phase of any unit.

8.3.2.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT The air pollutants in the plant may be classified broadly into particulate matter like dust, fumes etc. and gases like sulphur dioxide, carbon mono oxide, nitrogen oxide etc. The measure to control the air pollution will ensure the ambient air quality standards as laid down by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for industrial areas.

The system proposed for air pollution control will provide acceptable environment condition in the working areas and abate air pollution in the surrounding area of the plant. The technological equipment and processes have been selected with the above objectives. Depending on quality of emission from different sources, suitable air pollution control system will be provided. The Stack height will be as per CPCB norms to ensure ground level concentration of different pollutants within permissible limit. Dust collection equipments will be adopted to remove particulate matter from gas streams. The pollutant itself will be collected through suction hoods, ducts etc. Following measures are proposed to mitigate negative impact of operation phase of the project on the surrounding air environment: ¾ All transfer points will have bag filter attached to them to control and capture dust emission. ¾ Height of all the stacks will be as per statutory requirement. ¾ All the stacks will have Stack Monitoring Facility (SMF) consisting of sampling port-hole, platform and access ladder. ¾ Adequate spares of critical components of dust collection systems will be kept to ensure trouble-free operations and continuous compliance to emission norms. ¾ A comprehensive plan for fugitive emission control based on CPCB guidelines will be prepared and followed. ¾ Transport vehicles will be properly maintained to reduce air emissions. ¾ Vehicles will be periodically checked for pollutant emissions against stipulated norms. ¾ Idle running of vehicles will be minimized during material loading / unloading operations.

8.3.2.1.1 ACTION PLAN TO CONTROL FUGITIVE EMISSIONS AS PER CPCB GUIDELINES (A) Unloading section: • Enclosure (of flexible material) will be provided towards unloading side up to suitable height. • Bag filter will be provided to effectively capture dust emission.

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( B ) Material Handling Section And Transfer Points • All transfer point locations will be fully enclosed but will have access doors. Doors will be kept closed during operation. • All transfer points will have bag filters.

( C ) Storage of Clinker, Cement, Gypsum and Fly ash • Coal will be stored in open area. • Clinker will be stored in covered clinker storage yard having green belt. • Storage area shall be clearly earmarked. • Coal, clay, Gypsum, fly ash, etc. storage will be done under covered shed and side walls will be provided on minimum two sides up to roof level. • Cement will be stored in silo equipped with bag filters.

( D ) Cement Packing Section • Packing machines will be provided dust extraction system in the form of bag filters. • Adequate ventilation will be provided in packing hall to provide dust free work environment. • Spilled cement from the packing machine will be collected properly and sent for recycling. Arrangement for vacuum sweeping will also be provided.

( E ) Roads • All internal roads will be of concrete and will be well maintained. Repairing work required, if any, will be carried out immediately. • Water sprinkling will be done regularly along the road to control fugitive emission. • Speed limit inside the plant premises will be fixed to prevent dust emissions.

Other Measures: • Company will also designate Environment Manager, who will look after fugitive dust emission control including emergency situations. He will be adequately trained to handle the responsibility of control of fugitive emissions. • All personnel working on fugitive emission control systems will be given regular training on operation and maintenance of the system. • A proper record and documentation of fugitive dust control system will be kept. • All other guidelines of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) too will be complied.

Moreover, the fugitive emission will be monitored regularly as per environment monitoring program.

8.3.2.2 WATER ENVIRONMENT Total water requirement during operation phase is estimated at 17.6 KL per day, which will be met from ground water using bore well. Water drawl permission from CGWA (Central Ground Water Authority) will be obtained. No industrial waste water will be generated; only domestic waste water i.e. 6.4 KL per day will be generated and treated through septic tank/soak pit/well. So, there will not be any impact on water environment due to the proposed project.

To compensate and mitigate impact on ground water availability in the area due to continuous withdrawal of ground water by the project to the tune, a comprehensive rain water recharge scheme has been developed and its details are given in following section.

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8.3.2.2.1 ACTION PLAN FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING Rain Water Harvesting is a way to capture the rain water when it rains, store that water above ground or charge the underground and use it later.

Rainwater Harvesting System: Rain Water Harvesting is a way to capture the rain water when it rains, store that water above ground or charge the underground and use it later. There are a number of types of systems to harvest rainwater ranging from very simple to the complex industrial systems. Generally, rainwater is either harvested from the ground or from a roof. The rate at which water can be collected from either system is dependent on the plan area of the system, its efficiency, and the intensity of rainfall. As the company will require continuous water, it would be met from ground water. To compensate the ground water loss, it is proposed to recharge the water through rain water harvesting system. Storm Water Drainage Line: Channels will be installed wherever required to collect and transport rain water to the storage tank. Drainage will be semi-circular and will be made using Galvanized Iron sheet folded to required shapes. Drainages will be fixed using Iron Brackets.

Conduits: Pipes will be used to carry rain water from catchment to the recharge pit, passing through filter. A valve will be put at the end of wall for first flushing.

Filter: Sand Filter will be used to remove suspended pollutants from the rainwater.

Recharge: After filtration, water will be recharged using percolation pit, filled with pebbles or brick and river sand and covered with perforated concrete slabs. Depth of recharge pit will be designed according to Water table of the area.

8.3.2.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT Following precautionary measures will be adopted to control the noise level: ¾ Roof of buildings will be constructed of reinforced concrete or of lightweight concrete ¾ Walls and ceilings of building will be lined with sound absorbing materials, wherever required ¾ Sheet metal casting and housing will be insulated with sound absorbing materials ¾ Noise generating sources and their platforms will be maintained properly to minimize noise vibrations generated by them. ¾ Personnel working near the noisy machines in different plant locations, will be provided with well designed ear muffs/plugs (effective noise reduction upto10-15 dBA) ¾ Cement mill premises will have proper ventilation. ¾ Green belt will be developed to act as a noise barrier. ¾ Noise barriers in the form of walls, beams will be provided around the units wherever found feasible. ¾ Training to personnel will be imparted to generate awareness about effects of noise and importance of using PPEs (Personal Protective Equipment).

8.3.2.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT All the solid wastes will be stored separately in a “Solid Waste Storage Area” within the factory premises. It will have non-percolating Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) floor and covered roof. The storage area will have proper illumination and ventilation and equipped with fire extinguisher device wherever required. A sign-board will be put out-side the storage area marked “Solid Waste Storage Area” and “Danger”.

Non-hazardous dried bio-sludge from septic tank will be rich in nutrients and hence will be used as fertilizer and nutrient within premises for gardening.

Hazardous waste i.e. used lubricating oil will be given to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) registered recycler/re-processor of oil.

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8.3.2.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

8.3.2.5.1 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION PLAN The available data shows presence of some schedule II and I species (details of which are given in Annexure-XI & Annexure-XII). Even though these species are also appears in the buffer region of the project. This is because of presence of Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary located at around 1.24 km in north direction, Mylliem Reserve Forest at around 1.01 km in south direction, Marakdola Reserve Forest at around 1.63 in south-east direction, Khanapara Reserve Forest at around 5.54 km in north-west direction and Garbhanga Reserve Forests at around 7.92 km in west direction with respect to project site. All are present within the 10 km radius of the study area. Following is the proposed conserve plan to conserve wild fauna/flora.

1. Participation in comprehensive awareness programme to augment the understanding of the importance of wildlife and forests in the local region and also within the staff of the company. The program will be conducted in consultation with an environment expert and State Forest Department and including / involving local educated scholars, representatives of the forest department, project authorities and local representatives. 2. The environment education programme is carried out by using tools such as posters, seminars, distribution of nature and wildlife conservation related books and CDs. 3. In consultation and collaboration with the forest department, periodical survey will be carried out to understand more about conservation issues related to species seen in the Buffer region. On the basis of such a study, precise steps will be taken to improve the population of these species in buffer. Some of the recommendations are: 3.1 Aid to restore and remediate degraded, disturbed, polluted water bodies, ponds, wetlands and grasslands which are potential and nesting sites of the birds. 3.2 Aid to improve natural ecology and biodiversity by promoting afforestation and reforestation programs in open – semi open patches in the buffer region involving Involve local representatives and students. Forestation of degraded landscapes recreated the habitat much needed for bird species. 4. All forms of poaching of birds will be banned in the buffer and forest department will be empowered by the project proponent to carry out appropriate vigilance. 4.1 To improve vigilance and to strengthen the working capacity the officers of the State Forest Department, necessary equipments (such as camera, wireless, binoculars and other minor equipments such as altimeter, spot scope, search lights, sleeping bags, health kits, etc.) will be provided which would increase their capability and efficiency. 4.2 Aid in procurement / provision of field vehicles and motorbikes. 4.3 Aid in construction of bridges, inspection paths for more effective and meaningful patrolling of the staff should be undertaken.

8.3.2.5.2 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT The main objective of the green belt is to provide a barrier between the source of pollution and the surrounding areas. The green belt helps to capture the fugitive emission and to attenuate the noise generated apart from improving the aesthetics. Development of green belt and other forms of greenery shall also prevent soil erosion and washing away of topsoil besides helping in stabilizing the functional ecosystem and further to make the climate more conducive and to restore water balance.

About 8,832.71 m2 area i.e. 33 % of total plant area shall be developed as green belt at plant boundary, road side, around offices & buildings and Stretch of open land. In Green belt area about 1000 tree per acre of land shall be planted. The selection of tree species suitable for plantation at the industry shall be governed by guiding factors as stated below: ¾ The trees should be tolerant to air pollutants present in the area ¾ The trees should be able to grow and thrive on soil of the area, be evergreen, inhabitant, having minimum of leaf fall.

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¾ The trees should be tall in peripheral curtain plantation and with large and spreading canopy in primary and secondary attenuation zone. ¾ The trees should posses’ extensive foliar area to provide maximum impinging surface for continued efficient adsorption and absorption of pollutants. ¾ The trees should be fast growing and indigenous and should maintain ecological, land and hydrological balance of the region. ¾ It is also recommended to plant few trees, which are sensitive to air pollution, as air pollution indicator. ¾ It is also recommended to carry out extensive plantation within premises. ¾ Keeping in view the climatic conditions, status of soils and vegetation types in and around the project area the species shall be selected for proposed green belt development.

TABLE-8.1 FOUR YEAR BUDGETARY PROVISIONS FOR GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT BUDGET SR. NO. YEAR NO. OF PLANTS (RS. IN LAKHS) 1. 1st Year 800 4,80,000 2. 2nd Year 600 3,60,000 3. 3rd Year 400 2,40,000 4. 4th Year 200 1,20,000 TOTAL 2000 12,00,000

8.3.2.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM All precautions would be taken to avoid foreseeable accident like spillage, fire hazards and to minimize the effect of any such accident and to combat the emergency at site level in case of emergency. Some of the preventive safety measures to minimize the risk of accident with respect to Technical Safety, Organizational Safety and Personal Safety are listed below: ¾ Regular inspection and maintenance of pollution control systems. ¾ All measures related to safety such as safety appliances, training, safety awards, posters, slogans will be undertaken. ¾ Adequate facilities for drinking water and toilets will be provided to the employees. ¾ The fire and safety equipment will be properly utilized and maintained regularly. ¾ The health of the workers will be regularly checked by a well qualified doctor and proper records will be kept for each worker. ¾ The factory will take all reasonably practicable measures to minimize the risk of such accident in compliance with the legal obligation under the relevant safety. ¾ All building plans and installations are as per relevant acts and duly approved by competent government authorities. ¾ Safety features such as fire extinguisher and suitable Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) shall be provided. Regular operations and testing of fire extinguishers shall be carried out. ¾ Periodic inspection and testing of pressure vessels, equipment, machineries and equipment handling hazardous substances. ¾ Training of workers and Staff for fire fighting, work permit system, first aid, safe handling of hazardous chemicals and integrating safety, in all activities. ¾ Accident/Incident reporting system and information of employees about the same for better awareness.

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¾ Suitable notices/boards displayed at several locations indicating appropriate hazards warning as well as DO’s and DON’T for ensuring operational and personal Safety for information of workers/staff and visitors. ¾ For the safety of the workers, personal protective equipments like hand gloves, helmets, safety shoes, goggles, aprons etc. & Ear protecting devices like earplugs/earmuffs will be provided. Nose mask will be provided at places, where there is possibility of dust generation.

8.3.2.6.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE OF THE WORKER Company shall carry out the following Health surveillance; i) Pre - employment medical check up at the time of employment. ii) Periodical medical check up shall be done for all employees as: 1. <30 Once in five years 2. 31-40 Once in four years 3. 41-50 Once in two years 4. Above >50 years once every year iii) First aid training shall be given to the employees. iv) Monitoring of occupational hazards like noise, heat, raw materials and product exposure shall be carried out at frequent intervals, the records of which shall be documented. v) Evaluation of health of workers viz. chest X-Ray, Audiometry, Spirometry Vision testing (Far & Near vision, colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG (Eco-Cardiogram), during pre-employment and periodical examinations shall be carried out.

8.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL In addition to preparing an Environmental Management Plan (EMP), it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up to ensure its effective implementation. Hence, proposed plant will create a team consisting of officers from various departments to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of the environmental control measures. This team will undertake the activity of monitoring the stack emissions, ambient air quality, noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever necessary. Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be carried out to find any deterioration in environmental quality and also to take corrective steps, if required, through respective internal departments.

The Environmental Management Cell will also collect data about health of workers, green belt development etc. An Organogram of the Environmental Management Cell is presented in figure-8.1.

FIGURE-8.1 AN ORGANOGRAM OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL

General Manager

Chief Manager

Executive

Plant Supervisor

Chemist

Operators

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The cell will also be responsible for monitoring of the plant safety and safety related systems which include: ¾ Checking of safety related operating conditions. ¾ Visual inspection of safety equipments. ¾ Preparation of a maintenance plan and documentation of maintenance work specifying different maintenance intervals and the type of work to be performed.

The other responsibilities of the cell will include: ¾ Conduct and submit annual Environmental Audit. State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) registered agency will be retained to generate the data in respect of air, water, noise, soil and meteorological data and prepare the Environmental Audit report. This report will be submitted to the SPCB every year. Timely renewal of Consolidated Consents & Authorization (CC&A) will also be taken care. ¾ Submitting environmental monitoring report to State Pollution Control Board (SPCB). Data monitored by the cell will be submitted to the Board regularly and as per the requirement of SPCB. The cell will also take corrective measures as required or suggested by the Board. ¾ Keeping the management updated on regular basis about the conclusions/results of monitoring activities and proposes measures to improve environment preservation and protection. ¾ Conducting regular safety drills and training programs to educate employees on safety practices. A qualified and experienced safety officer will be responsible for the identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advise on corrective actions, organize training programs and provide professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health. ¾ Conducting safety and health audits to ensure that recommended safety and health measures are followed.

8.5 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY The Standard Operating Procedure (SOPs) shall be developed and followed for the smooth operation of the unit. The company also shall obtain International Organization for Standardization (ISO) certificate and plan for Integrated Management System (IMS) to meets the standards of certification and improve business processes. Once such certification obtained, M/s. K R Associates will develop health, Safety, environment policy which will be approved by the Board of Directors.

8.6 REPORTING SYSTEM TO THE DIRECTORS At M/s. K R Associates, all the safety officers and HSE officers collect the Environment and safety compliance data and submit it to their respective Heads and then safety & HSE Heads submit a signed Environment and safety compliance report to the unit manager and unit manager gives the compliance report to Managing Director who submit it with his sign to the Board of Directors, every month. Any Environment related non compliances / violations / notices are immediately brought to the notice of the Board of directors and discussed in board meeting

8.7 CONCEPT OF WASTE-MINIMISATION, RECYCLE/REUSE/RECOVER TECHNIQUES, ENERGY CONSERVATION, AND NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION

Waste-minimisation: Process optimization by using latest technology equipment. Recycle/reuse/recover: Dust generated from the pollution control equipment will be completely recycle within process.

Energy Conservation Measures: ¾ Energy efficient machinery will be installed ¾ Solar lamp will be used for lighting purpose. ¾ Regular Energy audit will be conducted

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Natural Resource Conservation: To conserve ground water rain water harvesting will be carried out to store rain for future use and also to recharge ground water. Recycling of process water shall be done up to the extent possible to reduce the fresh water demand.

8.8 BUDGETORY PROVISIONS FOR EMP Adequate budgetary provisions have been made by the management for execution of environmental management plans. Total capital and recurring cost (per annum) earmarked 5.02 crore and 0.74 crore respectively for pollution control/monitoring equipment. Budgetary provisions for the development and maintenance of greenbelt are given in table-8.1 and detailed breakup of cost for operation and maintenance of pollution control measures are given following table-8.2.

TABLE-8.2 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (RS. IN CRORE) RECURRING COST CAPITAL COST S.NO. PARTICULARS PER ANNUM (RS. IN CRORE) (RS. IN CRORE) 1 Air Pollution Control 3.5 0.5 2 Water Pollution Control 0.8 0.08 3 Noise Pollution Control 0.3 0.05 4 Environment Monitoring and Management 0.1 0.01 5 Occupational Health 0.2 0.08 6 Green Belt 0.12 0.02 TOTAL 5.02 0.74

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CHAPTER – 10

CONSULTANT ENGAGED

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Study for the proposed project of M/s. K R Associates was conducted by,

Name : M/s. Envision Enviro Technologies Pvt. Ltd. nd Address : 2 Floor, Shri Ram Complex, Above Bank of India, Surat-Dumas Road, Piplod, Surat-395 007, Gujarat. Phone : (0261) 2223003, 2224004 E-mail : [email protected] Website : www.en-vision.in Status of accreditation with : Listed on S. No. 62 of List of Accredited EIA Consultant QCI/NABET organizations / Rev. 33 (August 5th, 2015)

M/s. En-vision Enviro Technologies Pvt. Ltd. Is ISO 9001:2008 certified consulting, engineering and equipment supplier firm delivering exceptional services and quality to public and private clients in India. En-vision is working with zeal in the field of environmental engineering for more than 15 years. En- vision has a vision of supporting and being a part of development that is sustainable to our environment.

En-vision is one of the leading companies as Environmental Consultants providing the EIA study required for Environmental Clearance from MoEF/DoEF and NOC (Consent to Establish), CCA (Consent to Operate) from Pollution Control Board. En-vision has a well established laboratory with environmental monitoring and analysis of environmental parameters (Air & Water monitoring, Waste Water analysis, Stack analysis).

En-vision is also working as consultants, turnkey project executors and equipment suppliers in the field of Pollution Control (Environmental) Engineering and deals with turnkey projects in Incineration System for Solid and Hazardous waste. En-vision also does the Design, construction, erection and commission of Water Treatment Facility (Effluent treatment plants, Sewage treatment plants, etc.) and Secured Landfill sites.

En-vision is enlisted contractor with PWD, Goa as Class-I-A (One-A) in the category of Water Supply & Waste Water Disposal. En-vision is recognized as Environmental Auditors and enlisted as consultants and pollution control equipment suppliers with Gujarat Pollution Control Board. Provide Services in the field of Structural Engineering, Water Supply Engineering and Civil Engineering. It has national cliental from state of Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Assam, Haryana, Andra Pradesh, Rajesthan, Goa, etc and international cliental from Dubai and Egypt.

EETPL is Member of Consulting Engineers Association of India, Indo-German Chamber of Commerce, Society of Environmental Auditors and Consultants, Ahmedabad and Member of CII. EETPL is operated by Mr. Nihar Doctor, who is actively involved in achieving their vision to be a significant contributor in the development sustainable by Environment using collective technical acumen to provide services & equipments and be a part of movement of building Modern India with better environment and safety aim.

Mr. Nihar Doctor: He possesses Bachelor’s degree in Civil Engineering and Master’s Degree exclusively in the specialized field of structural Engineering as well as Environmental Engineering. Presently he is holding the position of Director in M/s. Envision Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd. He is having fourteen years experience in Environmental Engineering field.

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M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 10-2

ACCREDITATION LETTER ISSUED BY QCI NABET

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Functional area experts and assistance to FAE involved in the EIA study for M/s. K R Associates, Assam is as follow:

FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS INVOLVED IN THE EIA

Name of EIA FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERTS INVOLVED Coordinator / Assignment Head FUNCTIONAL AREA NAME/S involved LU (Land Use) Dr. Y. Rama Mohan Mr. Jignesh Patel Associate: Mr. Mayur Harsora AQM (Meteorology, Air Quality Mr. Nihar Doctor Associate: Modeling & Prediction) Associate: Ms. Smitha Rajesh Ms. Smitha Rajesh Mr. Krunal Patel AP (Air Pollution Monitoring, Mr. Nihar Doctor Prevention & Control) Associate: Ms. Nilima Roy Mr. Krunal Patel WP (Water Pollution Monitoring, Mr. Nihar Doctor Prevention, & Control) Associate: Ms. Smitha Rajesh Mr. Mayur Harsora EB (Ecology & Biodiversity) Mr. Satyendra Singh Unchawal Associate: Ms. Vaibhavi Kanani SE (Socio-Economy) Mr. Arif Shaikh

N (Noise & Vibration) Mr. Mayur Harsora Associate: Ms. Nirali Patel RH (Risk Assessment & Hazard Ms. Smitha Rajesh Management) Associate :Mr. Jignesh Patel Mr. Krunal Patel Mr. Abubakar Shaikh SHW (Solid & Hazardous Waste Mr. Nihar Doctor Management) Associate: Ms. Smitha Rajesh Ms. Shweta Tailor GEO-SC (Geology and Soil Associate: Mr. Krunal Patel Conservation)

LABORATORY INVOLVED FOR ANALYSIS Vision Labs H.No. 16-11-23/37/A, Flat No. 205, 2nd Floor, Monitoring, Collection and Analysis of Air, water Opp. R.T.A. Office, N-mart Building, and soil samples; Musarambagh, Malakpet, Hyderabad - 500036 Recognized by NABL, MoEF certified laboratory

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CHAPTER – 9

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

9.0 INTRODUCTION M/s. K R Associates is planning to set up 500 TPD clinker (Rotary Kiln) unit and 500 TPD Cement grinding (closed circuit) at Dag No. 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146 & 151, Patta No. 3, 19, 21 & 9, Village Ambher, 12th mile, Jorabat, Mauza Sonapur, District Kamrup, Assam.

Category of the project is B under 3(b), (Cement Plants < 1.0 million tones/annum production capacity. All stand alone grinding units) but due to presence of Interstate boundary and Wild life sanctuary within 10 km radius of the project site. It has been be treated as category A project, as per Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its subsequent.

9.1 PROJECT COST The total Project Cost is Rs. 148.0 crore it includes site development, building, all the plant machinery and its installation and Environment Protection measures cost. Total capital cost for environmental pollution control measures would be Rs. 5.02 crore and Recurring cost per annum would be Rs. 0.74 crore.

9.2 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT Land: Around 26,859.0 m2 private land is already acquired for the proposed Cement plant. Water: Total water requirement of the proposed project is 17.6 KL/day which shall be met through ground water using bore well. Electrical Energy: The estimated power requirement for the proposed project would be 3600 KW. Power will be sourced from Assam State Electricity Board. Fuel: For the proposed cement plant 100 lit/hr diesel will be required to run stand by D. G. Sets. Diesel will source from the nearest petrol pump. Manpower: Technically skilled / semi skilled and unskilled manpower is readily available in the area for establishment of the project. It is expected that there will be no dearth in availability of the required personnel for the proposed unit. Total 110 personals shall be employed for the proposed project. Raw Material Consumption Its Source, Availability & Transportation: The main raw material for the proposed project are limestone (520 Tonne/Day), Clay (60 Tonne/Day), Iron Dust (6.67 Tonne/Day) Coal (80 Tonne/Day), Fly Ash/Slag (96 Tonne/Day) and Gypsum (12 Tonne/Day). Lime Stone and Coal will be procured from the private mine owners located in Meghlaya and Assam, Fly Ash/slag from power plant located at West Bangal, Odisha, Jharkhand & Bihar, Gypsum from Bhutan. All the raw materials will be transported through trucks by road.

9.3 BRIEF PROCESS DESCRIPTION Cement is typically made from limestone and clay or shale. These raw materials are extracted from the quarry crushed to a very fine powder and then blended in the correct proportions. This blended raw material is called the 'raw feed’ or 'kiln feed' and is heated in a rotary kiln where it reaches a temperature of about 1,400 oC to 1,500 oC. In its simplest form, the rotary kiln is a tube up to 200 meters long and perhaps 6 meters in diameter, with a long flame at one end.

The raw feed enters the kiln at the cool end and gradually passes down to the hot end, then falls out of the kiln and cools down. The material formed in the kiln is described as 'clinker' and is typically composed of rounded nodules between 1mm and 25 mm across. After cooling, the clinker pass to the cement mill. The cement mill grinds the clinker to a fine powder. A small amount of gypsum a form of calcium sulfate is normally ground up with the clinker. The gypsum controls the setting properties of the cement when water is added.

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9.4 SOURCES OF POLLUTION AND CONTROL MEASURES The particulate emissions are among the most significant impacts of cement manufacturing.

9.4.1 Air environment: Process Emission: There will be emission of particulate matter, Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide due to operation of Crusher, Hopper, Kiln, Cement Mill, packing section, etc. Utility Emission: Tow D. G. set is proposed to fulfill power requirement in case of power failure. Emission from these sources will not be continuous as the D. G. sets will be used during emergency or in case of power failure. Fugitive Emission: The fugitive dust emissions from the proposed plant would be significant and the sources will be as under: 1. Raw materials handling 2. Storage area 3. Materials transfer points (bucket elevators, conveyor belts) 4. Packing of cement 5. Loading and Unloading operations 6. Transportation of vehicles Air Pollution Control Measures The major sources of pollution are particulate matter along with Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide from the proposed cement plant.

The details of proposed stacks and air pollution control equipments are as under. NO. OF STACK POLLUTION CONTROL STACK STACK STACK ATTACHED TO EQUIPMENT HEIGHT DIAMETER Process Emission & its control measures 1. L/S Crusher Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.73 M 2. Hopper Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.60 M Raw Mill & Kiln Twin cyclone Separator followed by 78 M 2.05 M 3. Reverse pulse jet type bag filter 4. Blending Silo Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.5 M 5. Cooler Exhaust Stack Electrostatics Precipitator 30 M 1.47 M 6. Clinker Stockpile Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.8 M 7. Hopper Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.60 M Cement Mill Twin cyclone Separator followed by 30 M 0.75 M 8. Reverse pulse jet type bag filter Packing House Twin cyclone Separator followed by 30 M 0.8 M 9. Reverse pulse jet type bag filter 10. Coal Mill Reverse pulse jet type Bag Filter 30 M 0.8 M Utility Emission & its control measures 11. 2 nos. of D. G. Sets Acoustic Enclosure 9 M 0.3 M (600 KVA & 250 KVA) For emergency

Fugitive Emission Control measures: To control fugitive emissions, the following measures are proposed. • Raw materials loading and unloading will be done in the covered area. • Raw materials will be stored in the covered structure. • All the conveyors will be provided with conveyor cover. • The automatic bagging machine will be provided. The suction of bag filter will be provided at the packing section. • The sprinkling of water will be done along the internal roads in the plant in order to control the dust. • All the workers and officers working inside the plant will be provided with disposable dust masks. M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 9 - 2

• Green belt will be developed around the plant to arrest the fugitive emissions. • Bag filter will be cleaned regularly. • Maintenance of air pollution control equipments will be done regularly.

9.4.2 Water Environment: Waste water generation and mitigation measure There will be no waste water generated due to the process. Only domestic wastewater will be generated which is 17.6 KL/day. The domestic waste water shall be diverted into a septic tank followed by soak pit/well.

9.4.3 Noise environment: The noise levels near the sources such as crusher, cement mill, D. G. Sets, material handling, loading unloading, etc. will be higher during the operational phase but general noise levels within plant are expected to remain below 75 dB(A). In order to mitigate the noise levels during the operational phase effective noise control measures like encasement of noise generating equipments, a thick greenbelt will be developed all around the plant boundary to act as noise attenuator, proper and suitable acoustic barrier will also be provided around areas generating high noise and effective preventive maintenance and vibration measurement of all rotating equipment will be taken.

9.4.4 Solid waste generation and its disposal method Dust collected from air pollution control equipment will be 100% recycled in the process. Other solid wastes will be used/spent oil and discarded drums and bags. The sources of solid wastes, generation and its management are as given in the following table.

TYPE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT DETAILS SR. HAZARDOUS SOURCE QUANTITY COLLEC- REUSE/ NO. DISPOSAL WASTE TION RECYCLE 1. Used/spent Prime 20 ltrs HDPE Reuse in plant for Sold to authorized re- Oil Movers Drums lubrication processors 2. Discarded Storages 30,000 nos. Bags - Returned to raw Bags Materials suppliers

9.5 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS The baseline environmental quality of Air, water, soil, noise, socioeconomic status and ecology has been assessed in the post monsoon season (November 2014 to January 2015) in a study area of 10 km radial distance from the project site.

9.5.1 Air Environment: The ambient air samples were collected from eight locations and analyzed for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx and CO for identification, prediction, evaluation and assessment of potential impact on ambient air environment. Design of network for ambient air quality monitoring location was based on guidelines provided by CPCB. The arithmetic mean values of PM2.5, PM10, SO2 , NOX and CO are found within permissible limit at all the locations. 9.5.2 Water Environment: To assess water quality, surface water and ground water samples were collected from eight different locations. Results of all the water parameters were found within permissible limit. 9.5.3 Noise Environment: Ambient noise level monitoring was done at same locations where ambient air monitoring was carried out. The noise levels of the study are found low and within the stipulated standards of CPCB for the respective designated areas. 9.5.4 Soil Environment: The general topography of the study area varies from low-lying plains to highland having small-hillocks. Soil samples were collected from eight different locations and physico-chemicals properties were analyzed. All the parameters are found within limit.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 9 - 3

9.5.5 Socioeconomic Environment: Baseline information of socio-economic data has been collected from Census 2001 for the four major indicators viz. demography, civic amenities, economy and social culture, literacy, occupational structure. 9.5.6 Ecology: Keeping in view, the importance of biological component of total environment due to the proposed project, biological characterization of terrestrial and aquatic environments, changes in species diversity of flora and fauna in terrestrial as well as aquatic systems were studied for impact analysis due to proposed project activity. The details of flora/fauna species and the wildlife habitat in the area covering 10 km radius have been collected to determine the existence of rare and/or endangered species. One sanctuary (i.e. Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary) and four reserved forests (i.e. Mylliem, RF, Marakdola RF, Khanapara RF and Garbhanga RF) present within the study area. There is no place of archeological/ historical/ religious/ tourist interest within 10 km radius of the plant.

9.6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 9.6.1 Air Environment: The increase in ground level concentrations due proposed project will be as following. With the following values if superimposed on the baseline concentrations, the post project ambient air quality found to be well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQ) except project. MAXIMUM INCREMENTAL GROUND LEVEL NO. PARAMETERS CONCENTRATION

1. PM10 19.4

2. SO2 20.5 3. NOx 19.3 9.6.2 Water environment: Only domestic waste water 3.6 KL/day shall be generated which will treated through septic tank and disposed off through Soak Pit/well. Rain water harvesting shall be carried out to recharge ground water which can improve water environment of the area. So, no adverse impact of proposed activities, on water quality is envisaged. 9.6.3 Land environment: Used/spent oil and Discarded Bags shall be generated as solid waste from the proposed project. These waste will be properly disposed as environmental friendly. So, there will be no significant impact on land environment. 9.6.4 Noise environment: The main sources of noise pollution in the plant would be crusher, cement mill, diesel generator and vehicular movement. Adequate noise control measures such as mufflers, silencers at the air inlet/outlet, anti vibration pad for equipment with high vibration, earmuff and earplugs to the operators etc. will be provided. However, the proposed green belt will help to reduce noise level. The adverse impact on occupationally exposed workers will not envisaged, as noise protection devices will be provided. 9.6.5 Ecological environment: No vegetation cover will be disturb during construction activities. More over a thick greenbelt will be developed around the boundary wall of the project site. Due to the proposed project air level of air pollutants will be increase but overall level of pollutants will be remain within national Ambient air quality standards. However a wild life conservation plan will be prepared and implemented. 1.6.6 Socioeconomic environment: Over all 75 persons will get direct or indirect employment due to proposed project. In addition to these company will contribute in socio economic development of the area.

9.7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.7.1 Air Environment - All transfer points will have bag filter attached to them to control and capture dust emission. - Height of all the stacks will be as per statutory requirement. - Regular stack monitoring will be carried and records will be maintain - All the stacks will have Stack Monitoring Facility (SMF) consisting of sampling port-hole, platform and M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 9 - 4

access ladder. - Adequate spares of critical components of dust collection systems will be kept to ensure trouble-free operations and continuous compliance to emission norms. - Transport vehicles will be properly maintained to reduce air emissions. - Vehicles will be periodically checked for pollutant emissions against stipulated norms. - Idle running of vehicles will be minimized during material loading / unloading operations.

9.7.2 Water Environment - Record of the water consumption will be maintain - Domestic waste water will be treated in septic tank and disposed off through soak pit/well. - Rain water harvesting will be done to recharge ground water or store for future use.

9.7.3 Noise Environment - Sheet metal casting and housing will be insulated with sound absorbing materials - Noise generating sources and their platforms will be maintained properly to minimize noise vibrations generated by them. - Personnel working near the noisy machines in different plant locations, will be provided with well designed ear muffs/plugs (effective noise reduction upto10-15 dBA) - Cement mill premises will have proper ventilation. - Green belt will be developed to act as a noise barrier. - Noise barriers in the form of walls, beams will be provided around the units wherever found feasible. - Training to personnel will be imparted to generate awareness about effects of noise and importance of using PPEs (Personal Protective Equipment).

9.7.4 Green Belt Development About 8,832.71 m2 area i.e. 33% land area of total land shall be developed as greenbelt/green cover development at the proposed project site. Proper budgetary provision considering expenses incurred on saplings, soil handling, manuring, after care and maintenance will be made.

9.7.5 Environment Management Cell In addition to preparing an Environment Management Plan (EMP), it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up to ensure its effective implementation. Hence company will establish a team consisting of officers from various departments to co-ordinate the activities concerned with management and implementation of the environmental control measures. This team will undertake the activity of monitoring the stack emissions, ambient air quality, noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever necessary. Regular monitoring of environmental parameters will be carried-out to find out any deterioration in environmental quality and also to take corrective steps, if required, through respective internal departments.

9.8 CSR PLAN WITH PROPOSED EXPENDITURE To uplift the economic status of the surrounding villages, KRA will take up the following social welfare/development programmes for the villages in the vicinity, for which Rs. 3.72 crores is earmarked and will be utilized within 5 years.

- Eradicating hunger, poverty and malnutrition, promoting preventive health care and sanitation and making available safe drinking water. - Promoting education, including special education and employment enhancing vocation skills especially among children, women, elderly, and the differently abled and livelihood enhancement projects. - Promoting gender equality, empowering women, setting up homes and hostels for women and orphans. setting up old age homes, day care centres and such other facilities for senior citizens and measures for reducing inequalities faced by socially and economically backward groups. - Ensuring environmental sustainability, ecological balance, protection of flora and fauna, animal welfare, agroforestry, conservation of natural resources and maintaining quality of soil, air and water. - Protection of national heritage, art and culture including restoration of buildings and sites of historical importance and works of art; setting up public libraries; promotion and development of traditional arts and handicrafts.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 9 - 5

- Measures for the benefit of armed forces veterans, war widows and their dependents. - Training to promote rural sports, nationally recognised sports, paralympic sports and Olympic sports; - Contribution to the Prime Minister's National Relief Fund or any other fund set up by the Central Government for socio-economic development and relief and welfare of the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes, other backward classes, minorities and women. - Contributions or funds provided to technology incubators located within academic institutions which are approved by the Central Government.

9.9 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROGRAM - All measures related to safety such as safety appliances, training, safety awards, posters, slogans will be undertaken. - The health of the workers will be regularly checked by a well qualified doctor and proper records will be kept for each worker. - The factory will take all reasonably practicable measures to minimize the risk of such accident in compliance with the legal obligation under the relevant safety. - All building plans and installations are as per relevant acts and duly approved by competent government authorities. - Training of workers and Staff for fire fighting, first aid, safe handling and integrating safety, in all activities. - Accident/Incident reporting system and information of employees about the same for better awareness. - Suitable notices/boards displayed at several locations indicating appropriate hazards warning as well as DO’s and DON’T for ensuring operational and personal Safety for information of workers/staff and visitors. - For the safety of the workers, personal protective equipments like hand gloves, helmets, safety shoes, goggles, aprons etc. & Ear protecting devices like earplugs/earmuffs will be provided. Nose mask will be provided at places, where there is possibility of dust generation.

9.10 POST PROJECT ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAM EMP also details the Post Project Monitoring to be undertaken by the plant authorities in order to maintain environmental quality within the stipulated standard limits specified by State Pollution Control Board, CPCB and Ministry of Environment and Forests.

M/s. K R Associates will establish a dedicated Environmental cell to monitor and analyze the various environmental components of the cement plant. - Continuous Emission Monitoring at all the major stacks for continuous monitoring. - The wastewater samples will be collected regularly both at inlet and outlet of sewage treatment plant to assess the performance and compliance as per the norms. - Full-fledged environmental laboratory will be established in the plant. - Regular noise monitoring at all the high noise generating area - Ambient air quality monitoring in nearby villages

9.11 CONCLUSION The proposed project, will provide an impetus towards the socioeconomic development of the area. Company will demonstrate their concern towards environmental issues, energy conservation and socio- economic development. Other than pollution abatement and environment improvement measures, the development activities will be undertaken by company will helped in improving the socioeconomic condition of the local people.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM 9 - 6

ANNEXURES

ANNEXURE-I

TERMS OF REFERENCE LETTER AWARDED BY MOEFCC

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-2

ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-4

ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-5

ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-7

ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-9

ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-I (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-II

PHOTOGRAPHS OF PLANT AREA

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ANNEXURE-III

LAND AGREEMENT DOCUMENTS

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ANNEXURE-III (CONT.)

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-14

ANNEXURE-III (CONT.)

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-15

ANNEXURE-III (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-III (CONT.)

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-17

ANNEXURE-III (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-IV

CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA

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ANNEXURE-IV (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-V

NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) (2009)

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ANNEXURE-V (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-V (CONT.)

NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) (1994)

Concentration in Ambient Air Time- Pollutants weighted Residential, Method of measurement Industrial Sensitive average Rural & Areas Areas other Areas SulphurDioxide Annual 80 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 15 µg/m3 - Improved West and Geake (SO2) Average* Method - Ultraviolet Fluorescence 24 hours** 120 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 30 µg/m3 Oxides of Annual 80 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 15 µg/m3 - Jacob & Hochheiser Modified Nitrogen as Average* (Na-Arsenite) Method (NO ) 2 24 hours** 120 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 30 µg/m3 - Gas Phase Chemiluminescence Suspended Particulate Annual 360 µg/m3 140 µg/m3 70 µg/m3 - High Volume Sampling, Matter (SPM) Average* (Average flow rate not less than 1.1 m3/minute). 24 hours** 500 µg/m3 200 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 Respirable Particulate Annual 120 µg/m3 60 µg/m3 50 µg/m3 - Respirable particulate matter Matter (RPM) (size Average* sampler less than 10 microns) 24 hours** 150 µg/m3 100 µg/m3 75 µg/m3 Lead (Pb) Annual 1.0 µg/m3 0.75 µg/m3 0.50 - ASS Method after sampling Average* µg/m3 using EPM 2000 or equivalent Filter paper 24 hours** 1.5 µg/m3 1.00 µg/m3 0.75 . µg/m3 Ammonia1 Annual 0.1 mg/ m3 0.1 mg/ m3 0.1 . Average* mg/m3 24 hours** 0.4 mg/ m3 0.4 mg/m3 0.4 . mg/m3 Carbon Monoxide 8 hours** 5.0 mg/m3 2.0 mg/m3 1.0 mg/ - Non Dispersive Infra Red (CO) m3 (NDIR) 1 hour 10.0 mg/m3 4.0 mg/m3 2.0 Spectroscopy mg/m3 Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 * hourly at uniform interval. 24 hourly/8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of ** the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.

Note:

1. National Ambient Air Quality Standards: The levels of air quality necessary with an adequate margin of safety to protect the public health, vegetation and property 2. Whenever and wherever two consecutive values exceeds the limit specified above for the respective category, it would be considered adequate reason to institute regular/continuous monitoring and further investigation 3. The above standards shall be reviewed after five years from the date of notification

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-23

ANNEXURE-VI

INDIAN STANDARDS/SPECIFICATIONS FOR DRIINKING WATER IS: 10500-1991

SUBSTANCES UNDESIRABLE PERMISSIBLE METHOD REQUIREME- OR EFFECTS OUT- LIMIT IN OF TEST SR NT CHARCTER- SIDE THE ABSENCE OF CI REF REMARKS NO. (DESIRABLE ISTICS DESIRABLE ALTERNATE OF LIMIT) MAX LIMIT SOURCE IS: 3025 ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS 1 Colour, Hazen 5 Above this, 25 4 of Extended upto 25 unit consumer 3025, only if toxic acceptance 1983 substances are not decreases suspected in absence of alternate Source. 2 Odour Unobjectionable - 5 of a. Test cold and 3025,198 when heated 3 b. Test at several dilutions 3 Taste Agreeable - - Test to be conducted only after safety has been established 4 Turbidity, NTU 5 Above this, 10 8 Test to be consumer conducted only after acceptance safety has been decreases established 5 pH Value 6.5-8.5 Beyond this range No relaxation 8 - the water will affect the mucous membrane and/or water supply system 6 Total Hardness 300 Encrustation on 600 - - mg/L (as water supply CaCO3) structure and adverse effects on domestic use 7 Iron (as Fe), 0.3 Beyond this limit,, 1.0 32 of - mg/L taste/appearance 3025, are affected has 1964 adverse effect on domestic uses and water supply structures & promotes iron bacteria 8 Chlorides 250 Beyond this limit 1000 32 of - (as Cl-) mg/L taste, corrosion 3025 and palatability are affected 9 Residual free 0.2 - - 26 of To be applicable chlorine, mg/L 3025, only when water is 1986 chlorinated tested at consumer end, when protection against viral infection is required it should be min 0.5 mg/L

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-24

ANNEXURE-VI (CONT.)

SUBSTANCES UNDESIRABLE PERMISSIBLE METHOD REQUIREME- OR EFFECTS OUT- LIMIT IN OF TEST SR NT CHARCTER- SIDE THE ABSENCE OF CI REF REMARKS NO. (DESIRABLE ISTICS DESIRABLE ALTERNATE OF LIMIT) MAX LIMIT SOURCE IS: 3025 DESIRABLE CHARACTERISTICS 10 Dissolved 500 Beyond this 2000 16 of 3025 Solids, mg/L palatability decrease and may cause gastrointestinal irritation 11 Calcium (as Ca) 75 - 200 40 of 3025, mg/L 1984 12 Copper (as Cu), 0.05 Astringent,taste 1.5 36 of 3025, mg/L discoloration of 1964 pipes, fittings and utensils will be caused beyond this 13 Manganese (as 0.1 Astringent ,taste 0.3 35 of Mn), mg/L discoloration of 3025,1964 pipes, fittings and utensils will be caused beyond this 14 Sulphate (as 200 Beyond this causes 400 24 of 3025, May be extended -2 SO4 ), mg/L gastrointestinal 1986 upto 400 provided irritation when (as Mg) does not magnesium or exceed 30 mg/l sodium are present - 15 Nitrate (as NO3 45 Beyond this 100 - - ), mg/L methaemoglo- binemia 16 Fluoride (as F-), 1.0 Fluoride may be 1. 5 23 of 3025, - mg/L kept as low as 1964 possible. High fluoride may cause fluorosis 17 Phenolic 0.001 Beyond this, it may 0.002 54 of 3025 substances cause objectionable mg/L (as taste and odour C6H5OH) 18 Mercury (as 0.01 Beyond this, the No relaxation See note To be tested when Hg), mg/L water becomes toxic mercury ion pollution is analyzer suspected 19 Cadmium (as 0.01 Beyond this the No relaxation See note To be tested when Cd), mg/L water becomes toxic mercury ion pollution is analyser suspected 20 Selenium (as 0.01 Beyond this the No relaxation 28 of 3025, To be tested when Se) mg/L water becomes toxic 1964 pollution is suspected 21 Arsenic (As), 0.05 Beyond this the No relaxation 37 of 3025, To be tested when mg/L water becomes toxic 1988 pollution is suspected

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-25

ANNEXURE-VI (CONT.)

SUBSTANCES PERMISSIBLE REQUIREME- UNDESIRABLE METHOD OF OR LIMIT IN SR NT EFFECTS OUT-SIDE TEST CI REF CHARCTER- ABSENCE OF REMARKS NO. (DESIRABLE THE DESIRABLE OF ISTICS ALTERNATE LIMIT) LIMIT IS: 3025 MAX SOURCE 22 Cyanide (CN-), 0.05 Beyond this the water No relaxation 27 of 3025, To be tested mg/L becomes toxic 1986 when pollution is suspected 23 Lead (Pb), 0.05 Beyond this the water No relaxation See note 86 To be tested mg/L becomes toxic when pollution plumbosolvenc y is suspected 24 Zinc (as Zn), 5 Beyond this limit it 15 39 of To be tested mg/L can cause astringent 3025,1964 when pollution taste and an is suspected opalescence in water 25 Anionic 0.2 Beyond this limit 1.0 Methylene To be tested detergents mg/L undesirable taste and blue when pollution (as MBAS) odour after extraction is suspected Chlorination takes method place 26 Chromium (as 0.01 May be carcinogenic 0.05 28 0f 3025 To be tested Cr+6), mg/L above this limit when pollution is suspected 27 Polynuclear - May be carcinogenic - 28 of To be tested aromatic 3025,1964 when pollution hydrocarbons, is suspected mg/L 28 Mineral Oil, 0.01 Beyond this limit 0.03 Gas To be tested mg/L undesirable taste and chromatogra when pollution odour after phic method is suspected Chlorination takes place 29 Pesticides Absent Toxic 0.001 58 of 3025, - mg/L 1964 30 Radioactive materials a. Alpha - - 0.1 - - emitters Bq/L b. Beta emitters - - 1.0 - - pci/L 31 Alkalinity (as 200 Beyond this limit 600 13 of - CaCO3), mg/L taste becomes 3025,1964 unpleasant 32 Aluminum (as 0.03 Cumulative effect is 0.2 31 0f - Al), mg/L reported to cause 3025,1964 dementia 33 Boron (as B), 1 - 5 29 of - mg/L 3025,1964

Note: Atomic absorption spectrophotometric method may be used.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-26

ANNEXURE-VII

CLASSIFICATION OF INLAND SURFACE WATER (CPCB STANDARDS)

SR CHARACTERISTICS A@ B@ C@ D@ E@ NO.

1 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L), Min 6 5 4 4 -

2 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg/L), 2 3 3 - - Min

3 Total Coliform Organisms, MPN/100 50 500 5000 - - ml, Max.

4 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L), Max 500 - 1500 - 2100

5 Chlorides (as Cl-), mg/L, Max. 250 - 600 - 600

6 Colour, Hazen units, Max 10 300 300 - -

7 Sodium absorption ratio, Max - - - - 26

8 Boron (as B), mg/L, Max - - - - 2

-2 9 Sulphates (as SO4 ), mg/L, Max. 400 - 400 - 1000

- 10 Nitrates (as NO3 ), mg/L, Max 20 - 50 - -

11 Free Ammonia (as N), mg/L, Max - - - 1.2 -

12 Conductivity at 25°C, micromhos/cm, - - - 1.0 2.25 Max

13 pH value 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.0-8.0

14. Arsenic (as As), mg/L, Max 0.05 0.2 0.2 - -

15 Iron (as Fe), mg/L, Max 0.3 - 50 - -

16 Fluorides (as F), mg/L, Max 1.5 1.5 1.5 - -

17 Lead (as Pb), mg/L, Max 0.1 - 0.1 - -

18 Copper (as Cu), mg/L, Max 1.5 - 1.5 - -

19 Zinc (as Zn), mg/L, Max 15 - 15 - -

*: If the Coliform count is found to be more than the prescribed tolerance limits, the criteria for coliforms shall be satisfied if not more than 20 percent of samples show more than the tolerance limits specified, and not more than 5 percent of samples show values more than 4 times the tolerance limit. Further, the feacal coliform should not be more than 20 percent of the coliform.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-27

ANNEXURE-VIII

CPCB RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COMMUNITY NOISE EXPOSURE (1989)

Leq (dBA) Ldn (dBA) CATEGORY (DAYTIME) (NIGHT TIME) OF AREA (0600 TO 2100 HRS) (2100 TO 0600 HRS)

Industrial Area 75 70 Commercial Area 65 55 Residential Area 55 45 Silence Zone 50 40

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-28

ANNEXURE-IX

DAMAGE RISK CRITERIA FOR HEARING LOSS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY& HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE NOISE LEVEL DURATION PER DAY (SLOW RESPONSE) (HOURS) dBA

8 90 6 92 4 95 3 97 2 100 1.5 102 1 105 0.5 110 0.25 or Less 115

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-29

ANNEXURE-X

FLOOD HAZARD ZONATION MAP OF THE STUDY AREA

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-30

ANNEXURE-XI

LIST OF FLORA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA

S.NO. BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY Trees 1. Adina cardifolia Hed Rubiaceae 2. Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae 3. Ailanthus excelsa Mahanim Simaroubaceae 4. Albizia lebbeck Shiras Mimosaceae 5. Albizia odoratissima Kala Shiras Mimosaceae 6. Albizia procera Koroi Mimosaceae 7. Alstonia scholaris Sotiana Apocynaceae 8. Annona reticulata Aata/ Sitaphal Annonaceae 9. Annona squamosa Aata/ Ramfal Mimosaceae 10. Anthocephalus chinense Kadam Rubiaceae 11. Areca catechu Tamol Palmae 12. Artocarpus heterophyllus Katol Moraceae 13. Artocarpus integrifolia Phanas Moraceae 14. Bauhinia purpuria Apta Caesalpiniaceae 15. Bauhinia variegata Kachnar Caesalpiniaceae 16. Bombax ceiba Semal Bombacaceae 17. Borassus flabellifer Tal Palmae 18. Bridelia retusa Kasai Euphorbiaceae 19. Callicarpa arborea Dieng-lakhoit Verbanaceae 20. Careya arborea Kumbhi Myrtaceae 21. Caryota urens Bherlimad Palmae 22. Cassia fistula Kassod Caesalpiniaceae 23. Castonopsis tribuloides chinkapin Fagaceae 24. Cinnamomum zeylannicum Tamal patra Lauraceae 25. Citrus maxima Bada nimbu Rutaceae 26. Cleistanthus collinus Karra Euphorbiaceae 27. Cocos nucifera Narikal Palmae 28. Delonix regia Gulmohar Caesalpiniaceae 29. Derris robusta Diengthing Papilionaceae 30. Dillenia indica Kargela Dilleniaceae 31. Erythrina indica Madar Fabaceae 32. Erythrina suberosa Pattemadar Papilionaceae 33. Ficus benghalensis Bargad Moraceae 34. Ficus elastica Athabor Moraceae 35. Ficus hirta Dimoru Moraceae 36. Ficus infectoria Parak Moraceae 37. Ficus religiosa Peepal Moraceae 38. Garuga pinnata Kakad Burseraceae 39. Gmelina arborea Shivam Verbinaceae 40. Grevillea robusta Silver oak Proteaceae 41. Lagerstroemia indica Sida Lythraceae 42. Lagerstroemia speciosa Sida Lythraceae 43. Lannea grandis Jiya Anacardiaceae 44. Macaranga denticulata Mildew mahang Euphorbiaceae 45. Macropanax dispermus Dieng la-rasi Analiaceae 46. Mallotus philippensis Red Kamala Euphorbiaceae 47. Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae

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ANNEXURE-XI (CONT.)

S.NO. BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY 48. Melia azedarach Bakain Melastomataceae 49. Memecylon edule Anjani Melastomataceae 50. Messua ferrea Nahar Clusiaceae 51. Michelia champaca Tita sopa Magnoliaceae 52. Moringa oleifera Sahjan Moringaceae 53. Morus australis Shahtoot Moraceae 54. Protium serratum Mirtenga Burseraceae 55. Psidium guajava Pyara Myrtaceae 56. Putranjiva roxburgii Jaiputa Euphorbiaceae 57. Pterospermum acerifolium Dieng tharo-masi Sterculiaceae 58. Saraca indica Ashoka tree Papilionaceae 59. Schima wallichii Makrisal Theaceae 60. Spondias pinnata Amera Anacardiaceae 61. Sterculia villosa Kandol Sterculiaceae 62. Syzygium cumini Jambhul Myrtaceae 63. Tectona grandis Moi, sag Verbenaceae 64. Terminalia chebula Hirda Combretaceae 65. Terminalia paniculata Saja Combretaceae 66. Terminalia tomentosa Saja Combretaceae 67. Trema orientalis Khargol Cannabaceae 68. Vitex peduncularis Nirgudi Verbenaceae 69. Wrightia tomentosa Kuda Apocynaceae 70. Zizyphus jujube Bor Rhamnaceae 71. Zizyphus xylopyra Ghont Rhamnaceae Shrubs 1. Ageratum conyzoides Jangli pudina Asteraceae 2. Calotropis gigantia Rui Asclepiadaceae 3. Cassia tora Chakunda Caesalpiniaceae 4. Clerodendron infortunatum Syntiew-dohmahi Verbenaceae 5. Gardenia lucida Dikamali Rubiaceae 6. Holarrhena antidysenterica Kuda Apocynaceae 7. Ixora parviflora Kurat Rubiaceae 8. Lantana camara Rajmunia Verbenaceae 9. Nyctanthus arbortristis Harsingar Oleaceae 10. Ricinus communis Arand Euphorbiaceae Herbs 1. Achyranthus aspera Chirchira Amaranthaceae 2. Amaranthus spinosus Chaulii Amaranthaceae 3. Amaranthus viridis Slender Amaranth Amaranthaceae 4. Amischophacelus axillaris Kana Commelinaceae 5. Ammania baccifera Aginbuti Lythraceae 6. Bidens biternata Yellow-flowered blackjack Asteraceae 7. Blainvillia acmella Kanghi Asteraceae 8. Blumea paniculata Mharbir Asteraceae 9. Commelina benghalensis Kankawa Commelinaceae 10. Eclipta alba Bhringraj Asteraceae 11. Euphorbia hirta Dudhi bel Euphorbiaceae 12. Jasminum sambac Mei-lar-um Oleaceae 13. Laportea cuneata Dieng synrem Urticaceae

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-32

ANNEXURE-XI (CONT.)

S.NO. BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY 14. Lycopodium casuarinoides Tmain-khla Lycopodiaceae 15. Maesa indica Diengsoh-jala-tyrkai Myrsinaceae 16. Melastoma malabathricum Soh-khing Melastomaceae 17. Musa nagensium Lakait Musaceae 18. Osbeckia crinite Jalng-kthem Melastomaceae 19. Osbeckia octandra Soh-kthem Melastomaceae 20. Oscimum sanctum Tulsi Labiatae 21. Oxalis corniculata Jajew Oxalidaceae 22. Pteris arborea Tyrkhang Pteridaceae 23. Randia spinosa Sohladung Rubiaceae 24. Sida cordata Bhuinii Malvaceae 25. Solanum nigrum Bhatkadrana Solanaceae 26. Triamfetta pilosa Soh-byrthid Araliaceae 27. Tridax procumbens Khal-muriya Asteraceae 28. Urena lobata Soh-byrthit Malvaceae 29. Vicia sativa Common vetch Papilionaceae Climbers 1. Acacia pinnata Jermai-sheih-lyngsiah Mimosaceae 2. Asparagus racemosus Shatavari Liliaceae 3. Bougainvillea buttiana Baganvilas Nyctaginaceae 4. Ipomoea vitifolia Navalicha wel Convolvulaceae 5. Mucuna bractiata Kiwach Papilionaceae 6. Piper nigrum Kali Mirch Piperaceae 7. Smilex macrophylla Mutri Smilacaceae 8. Zizyphus oenoplia Kunheri Rhamnaceae Grasses 1. Bambusa bambos Kalak Poaceae 2. Bambusa palida Seij Poaceae 3. Bambusa tulda Shken Poaceae 4. Cymbopogon martini Rusa ghans Poaceae 5. Cynodon dactylon Doob Poaceae 6. Cyperus rotundus Motha Cyperaceae 7. Dendrocalamus hamiltoni Seij Poaceae 8. Thysanolaena maxima Synsar Poaceae 9. Travesia palmata Soh-kynthur Araliaceae

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-33

ANNEXURE-XI (CONT.)

LIST OF FLORA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE CORE ZONE

S.NO. BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY Trees 1. Borassus flabellifer Tal Palmae 2. Zizyphus xylopyra Ghont Rhamnaceae Shrubs 1. Ageratum conyzoides Jangli pudina Asteraceae 2. Lantana camara Rajmunia Verbenaceae Herbs 1. Achyranthus aspera Chirchira Amaranthaceae 2. Commelina benghalensis Kankawa Commelinaceae 3. Eclipta alba Bhringraj Asteraceae 4. Euphorbia hirta Dudhi bel Euphorbiaceae 5. Oscimum sanctum Tulsi Labiatae 6. Sida cordata Bhuinii Malvaceae Grasses 1. Cynodon dactylon Doob Poaceae 2. Cyperus rotundus Motha Cyperaceae

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-34

ANNEXURE-XII

LIST OF FAUNA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE STUDY AREA

Reference to schedule as per SR. wild life protection act 1972, SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY NO. as amended upto 2006 Schedule Part Serial Mammals 1. Funambulus pennanti Five striped palm squirrel Sciuridae IV - 3-A 2. Bubalus bubalis Buffalo Bovidae I I 41 3. Ovis aries Sheep Bovidae I I 26 4. Capra aegagrus hircus Goat Bovidae - - - 5. Equus ferus Horse Equidae 18-A 6. Sus bucculentus Pig Suidae III - 19 7. Lepus nigricollis Indian hare Leporidae IV - 4 8. Presbytis entellus Languor Cercopithecidae II I 4-A 9. Rattus rattus Common house rat Muridae V - 6 Aves 1. Acridotheres tristis Myna Sturnidae IV - 11(45) 2. Aredea ceineria Grey heron Ardeidae IV - 11(22) 3. Bubo bubo Owl Strigidae IV - 11(48) 4. Gallus gallus domesticus Fowl Phasianidae - - 18-A 5. Mergus serrator Duck Anatidae IV - 21 6. Columba livia Blue rock pigeon Columbidae - - - 7. Corvus splendens House crow Corvidae V - 1 8. Coturnix coturnix Common quail Phasianidae IV - 11(57) 9. Francolinus pondicerianus Grey patridge Phasianidae IV - 11(51) 10. Passer domesticus House sparrow Passerinae - - - 11. Perdicula asiatica Grey quail Phasianidae IV - 11(57) 12. Psittacula krameri Roseringed parakeet Psittacidae IV - 11(50) Reptiles & Amphibians 1. Bufo Parietalis Indian toad Bufonidae IV - 13 2. Bungarus caeruleus Common Indian krait Elapidae IV - 12(vi) 3. Calotes versicolor Lizard Agamidae - - - 4. Mobuya carinata Common keeled grass skink Scincidae - - - 5. Ophiophagus hannah King cobra Elapidae II II 12 6. Ptyas mucosus Dhaman Colubridae II II 9 Fish 1. Catla catla Catla Cyprinidae - - - 2. Labeo fimbriatus Mongri rou Cyprinidae - - - 3. Labeo rohita Rohu Cyprinidae - - - Insecta 1. Acontia marmoralis Emmelia (Grasshooper) Noctuidae - - - 2. Acrida turrita Acrida (Grasshooper) Acridodea - - - 3. Agriocnemis pygmaea Midget Whisp Coenagrionidae - - - 4. Anax guttatus Pale-spotted Emperer Aeshnidae - - - 5. Ceriagrion coromandelianum Damselfly Coenagrionidae - - - 6. Heterojinus semilaetaneus Heterorrhina Cucujidae II II 1

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ANNEXURE-XII (CONT.)

Reference to schedule as per SR. wild life protection act 1972, SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY NO. as amended upto 2006 Schedule Part Serial 7. Holochlora indica Green grasshooper Tettigonjoidea - - - 8. Ischnura aurora Golden Dartlet Coenagrionidae - - - 9. Periplaneta americana American cockroach Blattidae - - - 10. Pseudagrion rubriceps Damselfly Coenagrionidae - - - Mollusca 1. Cypraea limacina Slug-Like Cowrie Cypraeidae IV - 19 2. Turbo marmoratus Marbled turban IV - 19

LIST OF FAUNA SPECIES PRESENT IN THE CORE ZONE

Reference to schedule as per SR. wild life protection act 1972, SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY NO. as amended upto 2006 Schedule Part Serial Mammals 1. Funambulus pennanti Five striped palm squirrel Sciuridae IV - 3-A 2. Rattus rattus Common house rat Muridae V - 6 Aves 1. Acridotheres tristis Myna Sturnidae IV - 11(45) 2. Corvus splendens Crow Corvidae V - 1 3. Passer domesticus Sparrow Passerinae - - - Reptiles & Amphibians 1. Bufo Parietalis Indian toad Bufonidae IV - 13 2. Calotes versicolor Lizard Agamidae - - - Insecta 1. Holochlora indica Green grasshooper Tettigonjoidea - - - 2. Pseudagrion rubriceps Damselfly Coenagrionidae - - -

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-36

ANNEXURE-XIII

ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES FOR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF FUGITIVE EMISSIONS FROM CEMENT PLANTS

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-37

ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XIV

PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING MONITORING AND SAMPLING

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ANNEXURE-XIV (CONT…..)

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-48

ANNEXURE-XV

COMPLIANCE TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS MENTIONED IN THE CREP GUIDELINES

NO. CREP RECOMMENDED IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 1. Cement Plants, which are not complying* with notified standards, Pollution control equipment will shall do the following to meet the standards: be design to comply latest • Augmentation of existing Air Pollution Control Devices — by July emission norms issued by 2003 MoEF&CC. • Replacement of existing Air Pollution Control Devices — by July 2004 2. Cement Plants located in critically polluted or urban areas (including Pollution control equipment will 5 km distance outside urban boundary) will meet 100 mg/Nm3 limit be design to comply latest of particulate matter by December 2004 and continue working to emission norms issued by reduce the emission of particulate matter to 50 mg/Nm3. MoEF&CC. 3. The new cement kilns to be accorded NOC/Environmental Clearance Pollution control equipment will w.e.f. 01.04.2003 will meet the limit of 50 mg/Nm3 for particulate be design to comply latest matter emissions. emission norms issued by MoEF&CC. 4. CPCB will evolve load based standards by December 2003. Agreed with.

5. CPCB and NCBM will evolve SO2 and NOx emission standards by Agreed with. June 2004. 6. The Cement industries will control fugitive emissions from all the Agreed with. raw material and products storage and transfer points by December 2003. However, the feasibility for the control of fugitive emissions from limestone and coal storage areas will be decided by the National Task Force (NTF). The NTF shall submit its recommendations within three months. 7. CPCB, NCBM, BIS and Oil refineries will jointly prepare the policy Agreed with. on use of petroleum coke as fuel in cement kiln by July 2003. 8. After performance evaluation of various types of continuous Agreed with and will be install monitoring equipment and feed back from the industries and continuous monitoring systems as equipment manufacturers, NTF will decide feasible unit directed. operations/sections for installation of continuous monitoring equipment. The industry will install the continuous monitoring systems (CMS) by December 2003. 9. Trippings in kiln ESP to be minimized by July 2003 as per the Tripping in kiln ESP will be recommendation of NTF. minimized with latest technology. 10. Industries will submit the target date to enhance the utilization of All solid waste will be reuse, if waste material by April 2003. possible and proper disposal of waste shall be done for the rest. 11. NCBM will carry out a study on hazardous waste utilization in Agreed with. cement kiln by December 2003. 12. Cement industries will carry out feasibility study and submit target Study on feasibility of co- dates to CPCB for co-generation of power by July 2003. generation of power shall be carried out, if required.

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-49

ANNEXURE-XVI

CHEMCIAL ANALYSIS OF THE MAJOR RAW MATERIALS

1. Lime Stone:

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ANNEXURE-XVI (CONT.)

2. Clay

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ANNEXURE-XVI (CONT.)

3. Iron Dust

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ANNEXURE-XVI (CONT.)

4. Gypsum

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ANNEXURE-XVI (CONT.)

5. Fly Ash

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ANNEXURE-XVII

RAW DATA OF ALL AAQ MEASUREMENT

PROJECT SITE(A1) GOJIGAON(A2) SARUTARI(A3) Sl. Sampling No. Date PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3) 1 04.11.14 73.6 40.5 10.5 23.6 0.863 56.5 31.8 9.8 17.1 0.975 65.1 30.2 9.7 19.0 0.941 2 05.11.14 75.4 38.6 10.4 22.4 0.911 60.4 30.5 8.1 17.3 1.095 64.2 30.7 9.2 21.1 0.879 3 12.11.14 77.8 36.2 12.4 22.5 1.021 62.1 31.4 10.2 17.3 1.144 70.0 32.5 8.9 19.8 0.941 4 13.11.14 80.2 36.3 11.6 24.0 1.096 54.5 31.5 9.4 17.4 0.896 64.1 34.5 8.6 19.3 0.852 5 19.11.14 81.4 41.6 10.8 21.6 0.936 54.3 27.5 7.9 17.5 1.131 65.3 33.0 9.9 18.5 0.942 6 20.11.14 76.3 38.4 10.1 24.0 0.879 58.2 29.3 8.1 18.0 1.085 69.1 34.8 9.0 19.0 1.077 7 26.11.14 70.5 35.2 11.6 22.2 0.974 60.1 31.0 9.2 18.9 1.035 62.5 31.3 8.5 19.1 1.069 8 27.11.14 78.6 39.1 10.5 22.3 1.078 49.3 25.4 9.3 19.9 0.984 71.0 36.1 8.4 19.3 0.863 9 03.12.14 73.0 37.2 12.4 22.3 1.021 55.8 27.8 7.9 20.1 0.961 68.3 34.9 9.0 18.5 0.911 10 04.12.14 76.8 38.6 12.4 21.8 0.985 59.1 30.2 9.8 16.9 1.045 63.2 32.0 9.1 20.0 1.021 11 10.12.14 82.6 41.5 11.4 24.1 0.927 61.5 32.0 10.5 19.8 1.118 59.1 30.1 9.2 18.6 1.096 12 11.12.14 74.4 37.4 10.7 21.6 0.896 52.6 26.5 10.6 17.5 0.944 66.4 33.5 8.1 21.0 0.936 13 17.12.14 76.0 36.6 11.3 22.3 0.912 49.3 26.8 8.2 18.8 0.934 66.7 31.2 8.9 21.1 0.879 14 18.12.14 74.5 37.2 12.6 24.0 1.021 55.4 25.8 10.1 18.1 0.867 62.8 34.0 8.6 21.2 0.846 15 24.12.14 78.6 39.4 13.2 21.6 1.096 53.2 26.1 8.0 19.9 0.911 69.0 34.1 8.7 21.1 1.078 16 25.12.14 79.5 40.6 12.8 23.4 0.936 57.3 29.6 10.5 19.8 1.045 70.4 33.3 9.0 19.2 1.021 17 31.12.14 77.4 41.6 12.5 24.1 0.879 62.4 27.5 10.1 18.0 0.945 62.0 30.2 9.5 20.5 0.985 18 01.01.15 76.6 38.4 10.3 22.4 0.974 56.1 27.1 9.8 19.8 0.864 62.7 35.0 9.4 19.8 0.927 19 07.01.15 75.4 39.6 11.4 23.6 0.853 55.4 28.5 10.8 19.1 0.918 65.9 35.7 9.5 19.2 0.896 20 08.01.15 72.5 38.5 11.7 24.0 0.942 53.2 28.9 9.8 18.8 1.018 68.1 34.1 8.2 19.7 0.912 21 21.01.15 77.0 38.5 11.6 23.8 1.012 54.6 29.1 8.8 18.5 1.011 70.0 34.7 8.9 19.6 1.089 22 22.01.15 72.5 36.4 12.4 23.6 0.972 54.2 30.1 8.9 17.5 0.975 60.9 33.0 9.4 19.7 0.911 23 28.01.15 78.8 40.1 11.5 22.4 0.873 60.1 26.5 8.1 18.6 0.951 63.3 35.4 9.3 21.0 1.108 24 29.01.15 82.2 40.8 13.1 22.8 0.851 63.4 27.8 8.5 19.5 0.867 64.4 32.5 9.2 19.9 0.988 Minimum 70.50 35.20 10.10 21.60 0.85 49.30 25.40 7.90 16.90 0.86 59.10 30.10 8.10 18.50 0.85 Maximum 82.60 41.60 13.20 24.10 1.10 63.40 32.00 10.80 20.10 1.14 71.00 36.10 9.90 21.20 1.11 Average 76.73 38.68 11.63 22.93 0.95 56.63 28.70 9.27 18.50 0.99 65.60 33.20 9.01 19.80 0.97 98th Percentile 82.42 41.60 13.15 24.10 1.10 62.94 31.91 10.71 20.01 1.14 70.72 35.92 9.81 21.15 1.10 M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-55

ANNEXURE-XVII (CONT.)

BYRNIHAT(A4) CHHATAKLING(A5) Sl. Sampling No. Date PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3) 1 07.11.14 48.3 23.1 8.4 17.7 0.831 59.7 32.8 9.3 18.0 0.975 2 08.11.14 47.5 25.3 8.3 18.1 0.915 60.3 29.3 9.5 17.3 0.945 3 14.11.14 50.2 26.5 7.4 18.6 1.045 56.8 30.4 8.4 17.8 1.192 4 15.11.14 49.1 27.7 8.9 19.9 0.934 59.1 29.0 10.3 18.9 0.915 5 21.11.14 50.1 25.4 9.2 20.1 1.087 62.4 31.5 9.9 18.0 0.862 6 22.11.14 46.3 24.1 9.1 19.7 1.137 66.3 33.0 8.9 17.4 0.917 7 28.11.14 52.3 26.8 8.3 19.6 0.971 60.1 30.4 9.3 17.8 0.864 8 29.11.14 55.4 27.9 7.4 18.2 0.837 52.8 26.6 10.0 19.1 1.096 9 05.12.14 46.8 23.4 8.1 17.6 0.911 63.2 32.0 10.1 19.0 1.031 10 06.12.14 49.2 25.2 8.6 18.5 1.096 60.8 30.6 8.8 17.4 0.987 11 12.12.14 44.6 22.8 8.4 17.6 0.936 56.3 28.3 8.3 18.9 0.975 12 13.12.14 53.0 27.3 7.6 19.2 0.879 67.5 34.1 9.1 18.4 0.92 13 19.12.14 51.8 26.7 8.4 17.8 0.846 62.1 30.5 9.9 19.2 0.896 14 20.12.14 48.2 25.2 8.7 18.3 1.078 67.1 29.4 8.2 17.2 0.915 15 26.12.14 49.5 26.9 8.8 17.9 1.021 61.4 29.6 8.2 17.4 1.077 16 27.12.14 52.3 27.0 9.0 17.7 0.985 61.5 31.6 10.1 17.5 0.988 17 02.01.14 53.1 23.0 8.9 18.6 0.927 58.4 33.7 9.8 18.9 0.913 18 03.01.15 46.0 22.8 7.8 18.6 0.837 60.5 32.1 9.7 17.8 1.134 19 09.01.15 48.7 25.7 8.6 19.2 0.879 64.3 30.1 9.8 17.1 0.978 20 10.01.15 51.3 23.8 8.1 18.8 0.941 62.8 30.4 8.9 19.2 1.055 21 16.01.15 46.7 27.5 7.9 19.5 0.852 66.0 32.0 9.5 18.5 0.981 22 17.01.15 47.9 24.9 8.5 18.7 0.942 54.6 29.5 8.9 18.6 0.967 23 23.01.15 54.8 24.7 8.1 18.6 1.077 62.0 29.4 9.7 17.9 0.911 24 24.01.15 50.0 26.9 7.6 17.8 1.069 63.0 32.9 9.5 17.4 1.011 Minimum 44.60 22.80 7.40 17.60 0.83 52.80 26.60 8.20 17.10 0.86 Maximum 55.40 27.90 9.20 20.10 1.14 67.50 34.10 10.30 19.20 1.19 Average 49.71 25.44 8.34 18.60 0.96 61.21 30.80 9.34 18.11 0.98 98th Percentile 55.12 27.81 9.15 20.01 1.12 67.32 33.92 10.21 19.20 1.17

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-56

ANNEXURE-XVII (CONT.)

AMJOK(6) JORABAT(A7) PATARKUCHI(A8) Sampling Sl. Date PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO No. (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (µg/m3) (mg/m3) 1 10.11.14 50.3 25.7 7.6 16.1 0.971 77.6 36.9 9.6 20.3 0.931 46.5 19.3 7.8 17.1 0.924 2 11.11.14 42.7 24.6 9.1 16.8 0.837 75.0 35.2 9.8 21.3 0.878 40.7 20.1 8.9 15.5 0.911 3 17.11.14 43.1 27.1 9.2 16.2 0.911 68.9 35.1 10.1 20.5 0.945 46.7 21.4 8.3 16.8 1.021 4 18.11.14 44.5 23.2 7.9 17.0 1.096 75.2 33.6 10.5 22.4 0.923 40.1 22.5 8.1 16.9 1.096 5 24.11.14 45.8 23.0 8.6 17.1 0.936 74.3 37.6 10.8 23.1 0.974 40.2 20.4 8.6 15.9 0.936 6 25.11.14 42.3 21.6 8.9 17.1 0.879 70.6 35.4 11.1 22.4 0.837 38.6 19.6 8.4 15.8 0.879 7 01.11.14 50.1 25.3 7.4 15.2 0.846 78.2 39.2 11.5 21.4 0.911 45.5 22.8 8.6 15.4 0.846 8 02.11.14 44.6 22.1 8.2 16.5 0.837 72.6 36.5 11.2 21.6 1.021 49.3 25.3 8.7 16.8 1.078 9 08.12.14 53.5 27.0 8.4 16.3 0.879 67.4 34.6 9.3 21.8 1.096 42.8 21.6 7.8 15.6 1.021 10 09.12.14 49.2 24.9 7.4 15.5 0.941 71.0 36.1 9.6 22.1 0.936 36.3 18.5 7.3 14.9 0.985 11 15.12.14 58.2 27.1 8.0 17.0 0.852 76.2 38.4 11.2 20.8 0.879 47.2 24.3 7.8 15.2 0.927 12 16.12.14 50.1 26.1 9.4 17.1 0.942 66.8 33.5 11.5 23.0 0.846 42.8 21.8 8.1 16.7 0.842 13 22.12.14 49.0 24.5 9.0 16.0 1.077 71.5 35.6 9.1 20.5 1.078 41.6 23.4 7.8 15.7 0.912 14 23.12.14 48.5 22.7 8.7 17.2 1.069 68.9 39.0 11.0 20.2 1.021 39.5 24.5 8.3 17.3 1.087 15 29.12.14 52.7 22.0 9.2 15.9 0.827 69.2 38.1 10.8 23.0 0.985 46.5 22.6 8.6 16.8 1.089 16 30.12.14 57.2 23.3 7.3 16.0 0.923 71.9 35.2 10.7 22.9 0.927 40.0 23.8 8.1 15.9 0.989 17 05.12.14 56.1 23.9 7.4 16.3 0.975 75.6 37.5 10.0 21.5 0.837 39.8 25.1 7.2 17.2 0.958 18 06.01.15 55.9 26.4 8.1 15.7 1.095 73.0 35.9 9.9 21.9 0.912 43.5 23.9 7.5 16.3 0.942 19 12.01.15 50.8 26.7 8.6 17.3 1.164 68.9 38.0 10.0 22.3 1.089 48.7 22.1 7.8 16.2 0.863 20 13.01.15 44.8 26.7 7.4 17.3 0.896 69.0 38.4 9.3 22.4 0.911 41.2 19.3 8.9 17.3 0.974 21 19.01.15 49.7 25.5 7.9 16.8 1.131 73.4 36.2 10.2 21.2 1.108 38.5 20.1 8.1 16.4 0.975 22 20.01.15 53.1 25.7 9.3 17.2 1.085 74.5 35.5 10.5 21.5 0.988 40.9 20.1 8.6 15.9 0.85 23 26.01.15 51.0 26.4 7.8 16.5 1.035 70.2 36.2 10.1 22.0 1.085 42.8 21.2 8.0 15.2 1.075 24 24.01.15 52.2 23.7 8.7 16.5 0.967 71.5 36.1 9.6 21.4 0.897 47.5 20.1 7.5 16.9 1.011 Minimum 42.30 21.60 7.30 15.20 0.83 66.80 33.50 9.10 20.20 0.84 36.30 18.50 7.20 14.90 0.84 Maximum 58.20 27.10 9.40 17.30 1.16 78.20 39.20 11.50 23.10 1.11 49.30 25.30 8.90 17.30 1.10 Average 49.81 24.80 8.31 16.53 0.97 72.14 36.41 10.31 21.73 0.96 42.80 21.83 8.12 16.24 0.97 98th Percentile 57.74 27.10 9.35 17.30 1.15 77.92 39.11 11.50 23.05 1.10 49.02 25.21 8.90 17.30 1.09

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ANNEXURE-XVIII

A COPY OF AGREEMENT LIMESTONE AND COAL SUPPLIER AND THE COMPANY

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ANNEXURE-XVIII (CONT.)

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ANNEXURE-XVIII (CONT.)

M/S. K R ASSOCIATES, KAMRUP, ASSAM A-60