US 2017.0156345A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2017/0156345 A1 HERNANDEZ ROMERO et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jun. 8, 2017

(54) METHOD FOR A PESTICDE HAVING AN (30) Foreign Application Priority Data INSECTICIDE, ACARICIDE AND NEMATICIDE ACTION BASED ON Sep. 23, 2011 (MX) ...... MXFAf2O11/O1 OO32 ISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS AND FLAVONOIDS Publication Classification (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicant: PROMOTORATECNICA AOIN 65/12 (2006.01) INDUSTRIAL, S.A. DE C.V., Jiutepec AOIN 65/08 (2006.01) (MX) (52) U.S. Cl. (72) Inventors: Yanet Micahela HERNANDEZ CPC ...... A0IN 65/12 (2013.01); A0IN 65/08 ROMERO, Jiutepec, Estado de Mexico (2013.01) (MX); Cristina Margarita (57) ABSTRACT RODRIGUEZ NARVAEZ, Jiutepec, Estado de Mexico (MX); Mario The method for a pesticide having an insecticide, acaricide SAAVEDRA AGUILAR, Jiutepec, and nematicide action is obtained from plant extracts that Estado de Mexico (MX) have important synergic interactions in pesticide activity. The characteristics of the pesticide are efficient control of insects, mites and nematodes, low toxicity for mammals and (21) Appl. No.: 15/014,817 low persistence in the environment. This pesticide is a composition based on plant extracts containing isoquinoline (22) Filed: Feb. 3, 2016 alkaloids and their derivatives (0.1-20%) and flavonoids and their glycosylated derivatives (0.001-10%). Therefore, the field of the invention is generally organic pesticides and in Related U.S. Application Data particular to obtaining an organic pesticide which contains, (63) Continuation of application No. 13/636,330, filed on as an active ingredient, a mixture of isoquinoline alkaloids Sep. 5, 2013, now abandoned. and flavonoids to be used to control agricultural pests. US 2017/0156345 A1 Jun. 8, 2017

METHOD FOR A PESTCIDE HAVING AN 0010 Pyrethrum is extracted from the chrysanthemum INSECTICIDE, ACARICIDE AND flowers (Tanacetum cinerarifolium, Asteraceae) and it is a NEMATICIDE ACTION BASED ON mixture of 6 secondary metabolites: pyrethrins I and II, ISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS AND cinerin I and II and jasmolins I and II. Pyrethrum is a FLAVONOIDS neurotoxin that causes immediate paralysis in insects because it blocks Voltage sodium channels that depend on BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION axons. This action mechanism is similar to that of the 0001 1. Field of the Invention organochlorate pesticide DDT, but as opposed to this, pyre 0002 The present invention relates to a pesticide having thrins show moderate toxicity for mammals. In spite of its an insecticide, acaricide and nematicide action which at least immediate action, most of the insects recover, unless pyre includes an isoquinoline alkaloid and at least a flavonoid, thrum is formulated with a synergic agent. Pyrethrum con same produce important synergic interactions in their bio stitutes approximately 80% of the total of commercial logical activity, said invention is efficient to control plagues botanical pesticides in the world. and its main characteristics are: high specificity on target 0011 Essential oils are the main volatile aromatic prin plagues, low toxicity for mammals, low persistence in the ciples of plants, of a complex chemical nature that mainly environment and in which the active ingredients could include terpenoids, where monoterpenes are the biggest come, although not exclusively, from plant extracts. group and the sesquiterpenes appear in a smaller proportion 0003. Likewise, the present invention relates to a manu (these contain 10 and 15 carbon atoms, respectively) and facturing process, consisting of two stages, where the first more rarely diterpenes (20 carbon atoms). Essential oils, stage refers to obtaining and standardizing the active prin mainly monoterpenes are specifically toxic against pest ciples of the pesticide: isoquinoline alkaloids and fla insects due to their neurotoxic mechanism which acts on the vonoids, as well as a second stage related to its commercial octopaminergic receptors in the system which transmits formula. nervous impulses in invertebrates. Essential oils due to their 0004 2. Description of Related Art Including Informa volatile nature probably enter the insect through the respi tion Disclosed Under 37 CFR 1.97 and 37 CFR 1.98. ratory system and at present are mainly used to protect 0005. Historically, the first generation of botanical pes domestic animals and clothes (against moths), and also as ticides dates back to the XIX Century, when some com wood preservatives. pounds of a botanical origin Such as alkaloids, rotenone and 0012 Phytosanitary products of a plant origin in this first rotenoid compounds, pyrethrins and essential oils were generation were substituted by pesticides product of chemi identified. cal synthesis as organochlorate compounds, organophospho 0006 Alkaloids are nitrogenous secondary metabolites, rus and carbamates, which caused severe environmental generally of a basic character and most of these compounds contamination problems and resistance in insects, in addi are biosynthetized from amino acids. Nicotine is an alkaloid tion to harmful effects in non-target organisms. As an answer isolated from the tobacco plant, mainly form Nicotiana to all of these problems a strictly chemical strategy arose tabacum and Nicotiana rustica (Solanaceae), and it is con where the modification of the structure of natural products sidered as a toxic and dangerous pesticide for humans. It is was sought for to obtain compounds that would have better a neurotoxin that specifically acts on the nicotinic cholin pesticide activity and less toxicity for mammals, these ergic receptors by delaying the closing of the Sodium chan search originated pyrethroids. The interest to develop prod nels, this causes paralysis before death. ucts of a plant origin was also importantly renewed, and 0007 Sabadilla is a pesticide obtained from the Schoe chemical ecology emerged where chemists, biochemists, nocaulon officinale seeds. Its active principles are mainly the toxicologists and specialists in plant protection joined efforts cevadine, Veratridine alkaloids, which are esters of a steroi in the research of natural products of a botanical origin to dal alkaloid called Veracevine which are toxic for mammals control pest with a minimum of environmental problems. (DLso 13 mg/kg), but in commercial preparations that This established the rules for the second generation of include it as an active ingredient its concentration is less than botanical pesticides. 1%. The mechanism action of this type of alkaloids is similar 0013 The more detailed study of the relationship to that of pyrethrins. between plants and insects, allowed researches to know that 0008 Ryania is a powder obtained from the Ryania evolution has given plants chemical mediators implied in the speciosa Wood and its activity is attributed to the ryanodine communication between species, same that are known as (<1%), a pyrrole-2-carboxylic ester of a complex diterpene semiochemical compounds which are regarded as non (ryanodol). Ryanodine acts as a pesticide interfering with nutritious compounds produced by an organism that affect calcium release in the muscular tissue causing a sharp behavior or the biology of individuals of the same species muscular contraction which can be followed by paralysis. (pheromones) or of different species (allelochemical mol 0009 Rotenone is an isoflavonoid and the main pesticide ecules). The latter have a series of effects before harmful component of the roots or rhizomes of the tropical legumi insects and are classified according to their mode of action nous Derris, Lonchocarpus and Tephrosia. Most of the as defensive, toxic, repellent or discouraging, antiphago rotenone used at present comes from Lonchocarpus, also stimulant or digestive inhibitors, and attracting Substances, known as cube root. About 44% of rotenone and 22% of among others, and depending on their chemical composition deguelin, another rotenoid is extracted from this root. Rote and intensity they reveal information in respect to the none is a mitochondrial poison which blocks electron trans physiological status of the plant and the stress in which it is portation and prevents the production of energy. Rotenone is and modify behavior or the biology of an organism of toxic for humans (DLso 132 mg/kg) and although commer another species. These molecules generally act at a low dose cial formulations use less toxic levels than those of lethal and have a specific action and their toxicity for mammals is doses, this pesticide has a limited use in agriculture. low. US 2017/0156345 A1 Jun. 8, 2017

0014. This second generation of botanical pesticides acaricide and nematicide action, new and efficient for inte allowed western researches to rediscover neem used in India grated pest management which attack plants, fruits and/or since ancestral times. From the neem tree seeds animals, based on a new mixture of isoquinoline alkaloids (Azadirachta indica, Meliaceae) two kinds of pesticides can and flavonoids from, although not exclusively, plant extracts be obtained: Neem oil (essential oil) and azadirachtin (10 that show important synergic interactions in their pesticide 25%), a limonoid of the meliacine type. Limonoids have activity. mainly been isolated from the Meliaceae (meliacines) and 0021. The isoquinoline alkaloids of the present invention Rutacea (limonoids of citric plants) families. Limonoides may come from, although not exclusively, the Papaveraceae are modified triterpenes or tetranortriterpenoids, highly oxy family and the flavonoids from the Asteraceae family. Both genated derived from the 4.4.8-trimethyl-17-furanosyl types of secondary metabolites can also be chemically steroid precursor. Limonoids of the meliacine type are synthesized. structurally more complex than limonoids from citrus plants and have a higher oxidation level. Azadirachtin carries out 0022. In the Papaveracea family, the presence of isoqui its pesticide action by blocking synthesis and hormone noline alkaloids is known; said derive from protoberberine, release during ecdysis of mature insects which as a conse tetrahydroberberine, protopine and benzophenanthridine, quence inhibits their growth and development, and in adult and spirobenzylisoquinoline and cularine in Fumarioideae, insects, through a similar mechanism, causes Sterility. as well as from other groups that give them their known Azadirachtin is also a powerful antifeedant. pharmacological properties: derived from aporphine, mor 0015. In the last few years greater acceptance in the phinane, pavine, isopavine, narceline and rhoeadine. At least world market of new alternatives for the integral manage other 20 alkaloids in plants belonging to this family are ment of plants has been observed, due to the resistance know; these are: cheilanthifoline, chelerytrine, N-norchel developed by insects and to other undesirable side effects erytrine, dihydrochelerytrine, coptisine, cryptopine dihydro originated by the indiscriminate use of conventional Syn Sanguinarine, norsanguinarine, Scoulerine, Stylopine, thetic pesticides. But, on the other hand there are also several muramine, thalifoline, reframidine and oxyhydrastinine. factors that limit the use of botanical pesticides because of These secondary metabolites are responsible for the medici inconsistent practical results probably caused by the lack of nal properties attributed to the family. chemical standardization of the formulations; the non-com 0023. In the Asteraceae family, especially of the genus petitive price compared to that of classic pesticides; and Cirsium, a series of compounds having a pesticide activity inappropriate formulations and application against a limited of a different chemical nature have been isolated; these range of pest. include flavonoids, sterols, triterpenes, alkaloids, polyacety 0016. In previous works on botanical pesticide related to lenes, acetylenes, sesquiterpenes, lactones, phenolic acids the present invention, patent US2005/0244445 was found, and lignans. Within the flavonoids isolated from Cirsium, same makes reference to the synergic effect on insecticide glycosylated derivatives of apigenin, cirSimaritin, camph activity of formulations based on essential oils, insecticide erol, linarin, luteolin, pectolinarin y quercetin are included. Soaps and/or pyrethrins, with detergents such as sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sodium docedyl sulfate (SDS) or leci BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION thin. 0017. On the other hand, in American patents U.S. Pat. 0024. The present invention is related in general to the No. 6,372,239 and US2008/0300225 the use of tetracycle biorational use of pesticides of botanical origin to the quinolizidinic alkaloids: matrine and oxymatrine, isolated in integral management of pest and particularly to the use of the roots of Sophora, individually or present in a mixture of plant extracts, same which mainly include isoquinoline alkaloids to carry out a synergetic effect on pest control is alkaloids and flavonoids as active secondary metabolites. described. The pesticide activity of these alkaloids is attrib 0025. On this basis, the main object of the present inven uted to its inhibition effect on the acetylcholinesterase tion is the incorporation of plant extracts for integrated pest enzyme, thus inhibiting degradation of the acetylcholine management, consequently it does not imply risks to the neurotransmitter. When the concentration of acetylcholine is environment, considering they are biodegradable Substances increased, hyperexcitability of the Central Nervous System therefore, persist for a short period in the environment and is caused; this originates the death of insects. thus do not pollute and provide a biorational alternative to 0018. In addition, Stermitz et al. (2002), reported the the use of conventional chemical pesticides. synergetic effect of two flavones: chrisosplenetine and chrysosplenol D (isolated from Artemisia annua L. extract) 0026. An object of the present invention is that the in the antimicrobial activity shown by berberine against mixture of plant extracts and their chemical composition Staphylococcus aureus. It was determined that these fla allow it to carry out its pesticide activity on insects, mites vonoids block berberine extrusion from the bacterial cell by and nematodes through different action mechanisms. inhibiting the multidrug efflux (MDF) pump, thus allowing 0027. Another purpose of the present invention is that the them to carry out their bactericide action. plant extracts used in its formulation are constituted by a set 0019. Lastly, Chinese patent CN 2004-10022134 of active principles, chemically different among themselves. describes the process to manufacture a pesticide to prevent This reduces the probability of target organisms to develop diseases in plants caused by pathogenic micro-organisms resistance to them. and to promote plant growth, which has as active ingredients 0028. An additional object of the present invention is to a mixture of 0.06%-0.26% of berberine hydrochloride: 0.01 provide a pesticide having a combination of ingredients 0.06% of matrine and 0.23-1.38% of flavonoids. which have synergic properties; this reduces the amount of 0020. In this sense, the present invention refers to obtain active ingredients without affecting the biological effective ing and manufacturing a pesticide having an insecticide, ness against pest and provides low toxicity for mammals. US 2017/0156345 A1 Jun. 8, 2017

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL portions and the efficacy of which was fully verified with VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS evaluations against different pest organisms, both in the laboratory and on the field. 0029 None. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE Example 1 Process to Prepare Formulation 1 INVENTION 0039 Step 1 Obtaining Plant Extracts 0030 The present invention incorporates a procedure to 0040 (a) Process to Extract Alkaloids from Argemone obtain a pesticide having an insecticide, acaricide and nem Spp. aticide action based on plant extracts which contain as active 0041. The extraction method using an organic solvent principles isoquinoline alkaloids and flavonoids, the effi was used to obtain alkaloids from plant matter. ciency of which lies in presenting a synergic effect in the 0042. In this example, dry plant material from the species integral management of pest. Argemone spp. (Papaveraceae) was loaded in a reactor and 0031. Alkaloids can be obtained from plants such as an organic solvent was added. The extraction process was those belonging to the Papaveraceae family that can be from carried out within a temperature range of 30 to 70° C. the genus Argemone. Alternatively, the alkaloids in the preferably during 1-6 h to later, unload the extract. The present composition can also be chemically synthesized on extract was concentrated by controlled distillation until a an industrial scale. The level of extraction and the degree of 0.01 to 30% concentration was obtained. The extract was purity of the alkaloids may vary, for example, integral unloaded and stored in a cool and dry area at 25°C. The extracts of plants, not purified can be used in the present alkaloid yield from a plant extract is about 5 to 15%. invention. Depending on the solubility of the plant alkaloids, 0043 (b) Extraction of Flavonoids from Cirsium Spp. the extraction process for each alkaloid can differ; water or 0044 Flavonoid extraction was performed in an analog an organic solvent can be used. As an alternative, alkaloids manner to the process to obtain the alkaloids described can be fully or partially purified. The chemical synthesis of above. The dry plant matter, ground and weight of Cirsium alkaloids obviates the need of extraction and purification. spp. is loaded in a reactor provided with heating and 0032. The formulation can contain one of more alkaloids agitation, an organic solvent is added, and the mixture is of the isoquinoline type and their derivatives, such as: agitated preferably from 1 to 6 h, keeping the temperature at berberine, protopine, allocryptopine, cryptopine, sangui 40 to 70° C. The extract obtained with this process is filtered, narine, dihydrosanguinarine, norsanguinarine, oxysangui unloaded and stored in polyethylene containers in a cool narine, 6-acetonyldihydrochelerythrine, dihydrocheleryth area at 25°C. The flavonoid yield obtained from the plant rine, chelerythrine, N-norchellerythrine, chelerythridimerine, extract is about 0.5% to 10%. cheilanthifoline, coptisine, cryptopine, Scoulerine, Stylopine, 0045 Step 2 Process to Manufacture Formulation 1 muramine, thalifoline, reframidine and oxyhydrastinine. 0046. To obtain the extract basis of the formulation the 0033. Flavonoids, referred to in the pesticide of the active extracts obtained from Argemone spp. and of Cirsium present invention, can be synthesized or obtained from spp. are mixed. To do so, the extracts are loaded in the several plant species of the Asteraceae family, specifically of homogenizer and are agitated preferably from 1 to 3 h. It is the genus Cirsium. These flavonoids belong to the group of unloaded and the pesticide is formulated. flavonols, flavones and isoflavones and also include their 0047. To prepare the formulation, the extracts, the adju glycosylated derivatives, specifically glycosides of apigenin, vants and the solvents are weighed and then are loaded in the cirSimaritin, campherol, linarin luteolin, pectolinarin and homogenizer reactor in Such a way that the following quercetin. proportions are kept: from 0.01 to 30% of the base extract, 0034 All of the above mentioned metabolites can be 1-10% of adjuvants and the remainder is water. The mixture obtained through biotechnological processes. is agitated preferably during a period of 1-3 h, until a 0035 Extraction of the plant material in the present homogeneous stable solution is obtained. The reactor is invention can carry out, although not exclusively, using unloaded and the formulation is placed in containers. approved solvents included in the 4 EPA list or through extraction with supercritrical fluids. Example 2 Process to Prepare Formulation 2 0036. To obtain the pesticide with an insecticide, acari 0048 Step 1 Preparation of Plant Extracts cide and nematicide action in the present invention two 0049 (a) Process to Extract Alkaloids from a Mixture of stages must be completed. In the first stage botanical extracts Plant Material are obtained, and in the second the extracts are mixed with 0050. The extraction of isoquinoline alkaloids can be the necessary adjuvants to maintain a stable physicochemi from different species of the Papaveracea family. For this cal formulation. process, an appropriate amount of Argemone spp. and Boc 0037. In this manner, the chemical composition of the conia spp. are weighed, these are placed in a reactor with a present invention is composed of the combination or the controlled temperature and an organic solvent is added. The mixture of the following ingredients: extraction preferably is carried out at a temperature of 40 to 70° C. and it is kept in strong agitation during 1-6 h. The extract is unloaded, filtered and concentrated through dis Isoquinoline alkaloids and their derivatives O.1-20% tillation until a 0.01 to 30% concentration is obtained. The Flavonoids and their glycosylated derivatives O.OO1-10% extract is unloaded and stored in a cool area at 25°C. The alkaloid yield from the plant extract is about 5 to 15%. 0038. As part of the development of the present invention 0051 (b) Extraction of Flavonoids from De Cirsium Spp. two examples of the pesticide formulations are presented, 0.052 The process to extract flavonoids is the same as that same which combine the active principles in different pro described for formulation 1. US 2017/0156345 A1 Jun. 8, 2017

0053 Step 2 Process to Manufacture Formulation 2 TABLE III 0054 The preparation of the base extract is carried out. Field evaluation of effectiveness against Diaphorina Sp nymphs The extracts from Argemone ssp., Bocconia sp., and Cirsium spp. are mixed. Then, the extracts are loaded into a homog Treatment Dose Effectiveness % enizer reactor and they are agitated during 1-3 h. The reactor Formulation 1 5 mLL 78.6 is unloaded and the pesticide product is formulated. Formulation 2 5 mLL 94.6 Dimethoate 5 mLL 100 0.055 To obtain formulation 2 the active extracts, the Water 5 mLL O adjuvants and the solvents are weighed and they are loaded in the homogenizer reactor in Such a way that the following 0061. In both cases the effectiveness percentage of the proportions are obtained: from 0.01 to 30% of the base samples that were studied was satisfactory. It is observed extract, and from 1-10% of adjuvants and the remainder is that formulation 2 results in a higher mortality percentage in water. This is agitated during 1-3 h until a stable homoge both biological stages. neous solution is obtained. The formulation is unloaded and 0062 Table IV describes the control percentages of the then it is placed in containers. products for mites belonging to the genus Polyphagotarson 0056. Examples of the Evaluation of the Pesticide For aii.S. mulations: TABLE IV 0057 Field evaluation of two botanical formulations, formulation 1 and formulation 2, were carried out in differ Field evaluation of effectiveness against mites of genus ent crops and against different species of pest insects. The PolyphagolarSOrienus results of the evaluation carried out in the laboratory are Treatment Dose Effectiveness % included. Formulation 1 5 mLL 86.2 0058. The evaluation was carried out using a crop of Formulation 2 5 mLL 87.9 Cucurbita pepo L., infested with insects of the genus Bemi Water O sia. The results of two applications are shown in Table I. 0063 Compared to the control which showed a 0% TABLE I mortality percentage, the evaluated products showed a sig nificant control level in mites of the genus Polyphagotar Field Evaluation of effectiveness against insects of the genus sonemus in Citrus sp. Bennisia 0064. With the Brassica oleracea crop assessments of the Treatment Dose Effectiveness % control of larvae of the Plutella genus was performed, the results of this assessment are shown in Table V. The assess Formulation 1 5 mLL 61.3 Formulation 2 5 mLL 61.7 ment was carried out the fourth day after the application. Water O TABLE V 0059. In accordance with the effectiveness percentages Field evaluation of effectiveness against larvae of genus Plutella mentioned above, both of the developed products show a Treatment Dose Effectiveness % significant effectiveness to control insects belonging to the Formulation 1 5 mLL 29.6 genus Bemisia. The evaluation was carried out four days Formulation 2 5 mLL 47.2 after the application. The formulations were also applied to Spinosad 100 mL Ha 52.8 observe their effectiveness in the crop of Citrus sp. in Water 5 mLL O controlling two pest species: Diaphorina sp. (adult and nymph) and mites of the genus Polyphagotarisonemus. 0065 Formulation 2 showed better biological effective 0060 Table II shows the percentage of biological effec ness, although it was less than that of the commercial tiveness of the formulations that were studied, in compari control. son to the dimethoate organophosphate insecticide and the 0066. In all of the evaluations performed it was not absolute control, to control Diaphorina spadults. Table III observed that the developed products caused any harm to the describes the effectiveness of the above mentioned treat crops on which they were applied. ments in controlling Diaphorina sp. nymphs. 0067. In the laboratory assay both products were diluted to 5 mL of the formulation in 1 L of distilled water, and they TABLE II were applied against insects of the genus Bemisia. To compare the effectiveness of the formulation distilled water Field evaluation of effectiveness against Diaphorina Sp adults was also applied as an absolute control and bifenthrin (1a,3a-(Z)-(+)-(2methyl 1, 1'-biphenyl-3-il)methyl-3-(2- Treatment Dose Effectiveness % cloro-3,3,3-trifluorine-1-propenyl-2,2-dimethyl cyclopro Formulation 1 5 mLL 80.2 panecarboxylate) was applied as a commercial control. The Formulation 2 5 mLL 86 Dimethoate 5 mLL 100 application of the formulation was performed in laboratory Water 5 mLL O conditions using devices to keep the specimens under obser vation. The effectiveness evaluation was carried out 24 hours after the application. US 2017/0156345 A1 Jun. 8, 2017

0068. The experimental unit consisted of four devices forming a concentrated flavonoid extract having a perfor that were kept at 26 (+2° C.). Three repetitions of each mance effectiveness of 0.5-10%, the step of forming evaluation were performed. said concentrated flavonoid extract comprising the 0069. In Table VI, the effectiveness observed in insects of steps of the genus Bemisia after 24 hours of observation with each of loading dry plant material from species of genus Cir the treatments is detailed. The dose of the commercial sium in a reactor; control (Bifenthrin) was that recommended by the manu adding an organic solvent; facturer. forming a flavonoid extract by an extraction process within a temperature range of 40 to 70° C. with TABLE VI agitation; separating said flavonoid extract; In vitro evaluation of effectiveness against insects of the genus concentrating said flavonoid extract to a 0.01-30% by Bennisia weight through a controlled distillation so as to form Treatment Dose Effectiveness % a concentrated flavonoid extract; Formulation 1 5 mLL 74.17 separating said concentrated flavonoid extract; and Formulation 2 5 mLL 74.17 storing said concentrated flavonoid extract at 25 Bifenthrin 2 mL.L 97.18 degrees C.; Water 5 mLL O forming a base extract comprised of 0.01-20% of said concentrated alkaloid extract and 0.001-10% of said concentrated flavonoid extract; 0070 The nematicide capacity of formulation 2 was mixing 0.01 to 30% of the base extract, 1-10% of coad evaluated; a satisfactory percentage after 48 hours was jutants and water 98.99-60% water in a homogenizer obtained. Nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne were used reactor so as to form a mixture; and as target organism and the results are shown in Table VII. agitating said mixture so as to obtain a homogeneous stable solution. TABLE VII 2. The method for producing said pesticide composition, In vitro evaluation of effectiveness against nematodes of the according to claim 1, wherein the step of forming said genus Meloidogne alkaloid extract by an extraction process within said tem perature range of 30 to 70° C. lasts 1-6 hours. Treatment Dilution Effectiveness % 3. The method for producing said pesticide composition, Formulation 1 1:10 84.29 according to claim 1, wherein the step of forming said Formulation 2 1:100 33.93 Carbofuran 1:200 100 flavonoid extract by an extraction process within said tem Water O perature range of 40 to 70° C. with agitation lasts 1-6 hours. 4. The method for producing said pesticide composition, according to claim 1, wherein the step of mixing 0.01 to 30% 0071 Based on the interpretation of the above described of the base extract, 1-10% of coadjutants and water 98.99 data for the different species and crops mentioned, it is 60% water in a homogenizer reactor so as to form a mixture, concluded that formulations 1 and 2 are adequate to control further comprising the step of Sucking insects (Bemisia spp.), phytophagous mites, insects agitating said mixture for 1-3 hours. belonging to the genus Diaphorina, and phytopatogenic 5. A method for producing a pesticide composition with nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne because the mortality insecticidal, acaricidal, and nematicidal properties, said percentages that were observed are satisfactory. method comprising the steps of We claim: forming a concentrated alkaloid extract having a perfor mance effectiveness of 5-15%, the step of forming said 1. A method for producing a pesticide composition with concentrated alkaloid extract comprising the steps of insecticidal, acaricidal, and nematicidal properties, said loading dry plant material from species of genus Arge method comprising the steps of mone and species of genus Bocconia in a reactor, forming a concentrated alkaloid extract having a perfor adding an organic solvent; mance effectiveness of 5-15%, the step of forming said forming an alkaloid extract by an extraction process; concentrated alkaloid extract comprising the steps of separating said alkaloid extract; loading dry plant material from species of genus Arge concentrating said alkaloid extract to a 0.01-30% by mone in a reactor, weight through a controlled distillation so as to form adding an organic solvent; a concentrated alkaloid extract; forming an alkaloid extract by an extraction process separating said concentrated alkaloid extract; and within a temperature range of 30 to 70° C.; storing said concentrated alkaloid extract at 25 degrees separating said alkaloid extract; C.; forming a concentrated flavonoid extract having a perfor concentrating said alkaloid extract to a 0.01-30% by mance effectiveness of 0.5-10%, the step of forming weight through a controlled distillation so as to form said concentrated flavonoid extract comprising the a concentrated alkaloid extract; steps of separating said concentrated alkaloid extract; and loading dry plant material from species of genus Cir storing said concentrated alkaloid extract at 25 degrees sium in a reactor; C.; adding an organic solvent; US 2017/0156345 A1 Jun. 8, 2017

forming a flavonoid extract by an extraction process mixing 0.01 to 30% of the base extract, 1-10% of within a temperature range of 40 to 70° C. with coadjutants and water 98.99-60% water in a homog agitation; enizer reactor so as to form a mixture; and separating said flavonoid extract; agitating said mixture for 1-3 hours so as to obtain a homogeneous stable solution. concentrating said flavonoid extract to a 0.01-30% by 6. The method for producing said pesticide composition, weight through a controlled distillation so as to form according to claim 1, wherein the step of forming said a concentrated flavonoid extract; alkaloid extract by an extraction process within said tem separating said concentrated flavonoid extract; and perature range of 30 to 70° C. lasts 1-6 hours with agitation. storing said concentrated flavonoid extract at 25 7. The method for producing said pesticide composition, degrees C.; according to claim 1, wherein the step of forming said forming a concentrated plant oil extract comprised of flavonoid extract by an extraction process within said tem essential oils and plant oil, the step of forming said perature range of 40 to 70° C. with agitation lasts 1-6 hours. concentrated plant oil extract comprising the steps of: 8. The method for producing said pesticide composition, loading dry plant material having essential oils in a according to claim 1, wherein said temperature range is 30-80 degrees C., in the step of forming said plant oil extract reactor, by an extraction process, further comprising the step of adding an organic solvent; mixing said plant oil extract for 1-3 hours. forming a plant oil extract by an extraction process 9. A method for controlling pests in plants and animals, within a temperature range and with agitation; said method comprising the steps of: separating said plant oil extract from said organic forming a homogeneous stable solution according to solvent; claim 1; and distilling said plant oil extract so as to form a concen applying said homogeneous stable solution on an organ trated plant oil extract; ism, said organism being selected from a group con separating said concentrated plant oil extract; and sisting of a plant and an animal. storing said concentrated plant oil extract at 25 degrees 10. A method for controlling insects, said method com C.; prising the steps of forming a base extract comprised of said concentrated forming a homogeneous stable solution according to plant oil extract, 0.01-20% of said concentrated alka claim 1; and loid extract and 0.001-10% of said concentrated fla applying said homogeneous stable solution in a domocile. vonoid extract; k k k k k