Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases Chemicals Found in Papaver Somniferum
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Sensnity of Bacillus Subtilis to Water Soluble Alkaloid Extracts of Chelidonium Majus L
SENSNITY OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS TO WATER SOLUBLE ALKALOID EXTRACTS OF CHELIDONIUM MAJUS L. (PAPAVERACEA) ROOTS FROM AZORES M. LEONOR PAVAO & RWE. PINTO PAVAO, M. LEUNOR & RUY E. PINTO1995. Sensivity of Bacillus subtilis to water soluble alkaloid extracts from Azores Chelidonium majus L. (Papaveracea) roots. Arquipdago. Life and Marine Sciences 13A: 93-97. Angra do Heroismo. ISSN 0870-658 1. Water soluble alkaloid (WSA) extracts from Chelidonium majus L. (great celandine) roots. growing on uncultivated ground in the Azores. were prepared. The WSA showed antibacterial properties towards Bacillus subtilis. The effect of WSA appeared to be 1/10 of tetracycline. For concentrations lower than 100 @disc, no reproducible sensivity was observed. Chelidonine, protopine and allocryptopine had no action against Bacillus subtilis. Coptisine, which is reported as not exhibiting antibacterial activity, showed activity against Bacillus subtilis in a similar way as sanguinarine and berberine. Chelerythrine was the most active alkaloid (about 40-50% higher than sanguinarine). Sanguinarine and chelerythrine are generally accepted as the alkaloids responsible for the antibacterial properties of Chelidonium latex. Results suggest that, at least for the species existing in the Azores, berberine and coptisine also contribute to that biological activity . PAVAO, M. LEONOR & RUY E. PINTO1995. Sensibilidade de Bacillus subtilis a extractos de alcaldides solliveis em 5gua de raizes de Chelidonium majus L. (Papaveracea) dos Aqores. Arquipdago. Cigncias Biol6gicas e Marinhas 13A: 93- 97. Angra do Heroismo. ISSN 0870-6581. Prepararam-se extractos de alcalbides soltiveis em Agua de raizes de Chelidonium majus L. (celidbnia), colhida em terrenos incultos nos Agores. Estes extractos revelaram possuir propriedades antibacterianas em relagHo a Bacillus subtilis. -
GRANADA FEI Passport No: 104DK01/ITA
DECISION of the FEI TRIBUNAL dated 14 July 2017 Positive Anti-Doping Case No.: 2016/BS09 Horse: GRANADA FEI Passport No: 104DK01/ITA Person Responsible/NF/ID: Allegra Ieraci/ITA/10097333 Represented by: Studio Legale Avv. Claudio Brugnatelli, Strada Nuova n. 53, 27100 Pavia, Italy Event/ID: CSI3*-W – El Jadida (MAR) - 2016_CI_0722_S_S_01 Date: 13 – 16 October 2016 Prohibited Substances: Oripavine, Morphine and Codeine I. COMPOSITION OF PANEL Mr. Erik Elstad, one member panel II. SUMMARY OF THE FACTS 1. Memorandum of case: By Legal Department. 2. Summary information provided by Person Responsible (PR): The FEI Tribunal duly took into consideration all evidence, submissions and documents presented in the case file, as well as during the oral hearing, as also made available by and to the PR. 3. Oral hearing: 6 July 2017 – via telephone conference call. Present: The FEI Tribunal Panel Ms. Erika Riedl, FEI Tribunal Clerk For the PR: Mr. Claudio Brugnatelli, Legal Counsel Mr. Giovanni Ieraci, PR’s father Page 1 of 19 For the FEI: Ms. Anna Thorstenson, FEI Legal Counsel III. DESCRIPTION OF THE CASE FROM THE LEGAL VIEWPOINT 1. Articles of the Statutes/Regulations which are applicable: Statutes 23rd edition, effective 29 April 2015 (“Statutes”), Arts. 1.4, 38 and 39. General Regulations, 23rd edition, 1 January 2009, updates effective 1 January 2016, Arts. 118, 143.1, 161, 168 and 169 (“GRs”). Internal Regulations of the FEI Tribunal, 2nd edition, 1 January 2012 (“IRs”). FEI Equine Anti-Doping and Controlled Medication Regulations ("EADCMRs"), 2nd edition, effective 1 January 2016. FEI Equine Anti-Doping Rules ("EAD Rules"), 2nd edition, effective 1 January 2016. -
“Biosynthesis of Morphine in Mammals”
“Biosynthesis of Morphine in Mammals” D i s s e r t a t i o n zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I Biowissenschaften der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg von Frau Nadja Grobe geb. am 21.08.1981 in Querfurt Gutachter /in 1. 2. 3. Halle (Saale), Table of Contents I INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................1 II MATERIAL & METHODS ........................................................................................ 10 1 Animal Tissue ....................................................................................................... 10 2 Chemicals and Enzymes ....................................................................................... 10 3 Bacteria and Vectors ............................................................................................ 10 4 Instruments ........................................................................................................... 11 5 Synthesis ................................................................................................................ 12 5.1 Preparation of DOPAL from Epinephrine (according to DUNCAN 1975) ................. 12 5.2 Synthesis of (R)-Norlaudanosoline*HBr ................................................................. 12 5.3 Synthesis of [7D]-Salutaridinol and [7D]-epi-Salutaridinol ..................................... 13 6 Application Experiments ..................................................................................... -
Seized Drugs Technical Manual, 12-08-2020
Seized Drugs Technical Manual Approval Date: 12/08/2020 Document Number: 4561 Approved By: David Gouldthorpe, Kim Murga, Cassandra Robertson Revision Number: 17 Date Published: 12/08/2020 Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department Forensic Laboratory 5605 W. Badura Ave. Ste. 120B Las Vegas, NV 89118 Seized Drugs Technical Manual Uncontrolled Copy if not located in Qualtrax Page 1 of 166 Seized Drugs Technical Manual Approval Date: 12/08/2020 Document Number: 4561 Approved By: David Gouldthorpe, Kim Murga, Cassandra Robertson Revision Number: 17 Date Published: 12/08/2020 Table of Contents Chapter Title Introduction ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES 1.1 Color Tests 1.2 Chromatography 1.3 Mass Spectrometry (MS) 1.4 Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) 1.5 X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) 1.6 Raman Spectroscopy QUALITY CONTROL 2.1 Reference Materials and Supplies 2.2 Reference Material Inventory Audit 2.3 Color Test Reagent Quality Control 2.4 Quality Control Plan SEIZED DRUG ANALYSIS 3.1 Seized Drugs Analysis Quality Control 3.2 Sampling 3.3 Identification Criteria 3.4 Evidence Discrepancies and Preliminary Field Test Errors 3.5 Cannabis Analysis 3.6 Opium Analysis 3.7 Analysis of Fentanyl and Fentanyl Related Substances CLANDESTINE LABORATORIES 4.1 Clandestine Laboratory Response 4.2 Clandestine Laboratory Analysis REPORTING AND TECHNICAL REVIEW 5.1 Reporting 5.2 Technical Review 6 Retraining 7 Recipes and Derivatizing Agents PROCEDURES 8.1 Logging Reference Materials into LIMS 8.2 Verifying Reference Materials Uncontrolled Copy if not located in Qualtrax Page 2 of 166 -
Anticancer Effects of NSC‑631570 (Ukrain) in Head and Neck Cancer Cells: in Vitro Analysis of Growth, Invasion, Angiogenesis and Gene Expression
282 ONCOLOGY REPORTS 43: 282-295, 2020 Anticancer effects of NSC‑631570 (Ukrain) in head and neck cancer cells: In vitro analysis of growth, invasion, angiogenesis and gene expression RUTH HERRMANN1, JOSEPH SKAF2, JEANETTE ROLLER1, CHRISTINE POLEDNIK1, ULRIKE HOLZGRABE2 and MARIANNE SCHMIDT1 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg; 2Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany Received September 17, 2018; Accepted September 30, 2019 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7416 Abstract. NSC-631570 (Ukrain) is an aqueous extract of laminin). Microarray analysis revealed the downregulation of Chelidonium majus, a herbaceous perennial plant, one of two genes encoding key regulators, including EGFR, AKT2, JAK1, species in the genus Chelidonium, which has been demonstrated STAT3 and ß-catenin (CTNNB1), all of which are involved in to selectively kill tumor cells without affecting non-malignant cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis as well as cells. In the present study, the components of NSC-631570 the radiation- and chemo-resistance of HNSCC. The strongest were examined by combined liquid chromatography/mass upregulation occurred for cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) spectroscopy (LC-MS) and the effects of NSC-631570 on and 1B1 (CYP1B1), involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics. HNSCC cell lines, as well as primary cells, were analyzed Upregulation of CYP1A1 was at least partially caused by chel- with respect to growth, apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis erythrine and allocryptopine, as shown by RT-qPCR in two and gene expression. LC-MS identified chelerythrine and HNSCC cell lines. In addition, NSC-631570 showed a high allocryptopine as the major alkaloids of the extract. -
1. Introduction
Introduction 1. Introduction 1.1. Alkaloids The term alkaloid is derived from Arabic word al-qali, the plant from which “soda” was first obtained (Kutchan, 1995). Alkaloids are a group of naturally occurring low-molecular weight nitrogenous compounds found in about 20% of plant species. The majority of alkaloids in plants are derived from the amino acids tyrosine, tryptophan and phenylalanine. They are often basic and contain nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring. The classification of alkaloids is based on their carbon-nitrogen skeletons; common alkaloid ring structures include the pyridines, pyrroles, indoles, pyrrolidines, isoquinolines and piperidines (Petterson et al., 1991; Bennett et al., 1994). In nature, plant alkaloids are mainly involved in plant defense against herbivores and pathogens. Many of these compounds have biological activity which makes them suitable for use as stimulants (nicotine, caffeine), pharmaceuticals (vinblastine), narcotics (cocaine, morphine) and poisons (tubocurarine). The discovery of morphine by the German pharmacist Friedrich W. Sertürner in 1806 began the field of plant alkaloid biochemistry. However, the structure of morphine was not determined until 1952 due to its stereochemical complexity. Major technical advances occurred in this field allowing for the elucidation of selected alkaloid biosynthetic pathways. Among these were the introduction of radiolabeled precursors in the 1950s and the establishment in the 1970s of plant cell suspension cultures as an abundant source of enzymes that could be isolated, purified and characterized. Finally, the introduction of molecular techniques has made possible the isolation of genes involved in alkaloid secondary pathways (Croteau et al., 2000; Facchini, 2001). 1.1.1. Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids Isoquinoline alkaloids represent a large and varied group of physiologically active natural products. -
A Systematic Review on Main Chemical Constituents of Papaver Bracteatum
Journal of Medicinal Plants A Systematic Review on Main Chemical Constituents of Papaver bracteatum Soleymankhani M (Ph.D. student), Khalighi-Sigaroodi F (Ph.D.)*, Hajiaghaee R (Ph.D.), Naghdi Badi H (Ph.D.), Mehrafarin A (Ph.D.), Ghorbani Nohooji M (Ph.D.) Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran * Corresponding author: Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, P.O.Box: 33651/66571, Karaj, Iran Tel: +98 - 26 - 34764010-9, Fax: +98 - 26-34764021 E-mail: [email protected] Received: 17 April 2013 Accepted: 12 Oct. 2014 Abstract Papaver bracteatum Lindly (Papaveraceae) is an endemic species of Iran which has economic importance in drug industries. The main alkaloid of the plant is thebaine which is used as a precursor of the semi-synthetic and synthetic compounds including codeine and naloxone, respectively. This systematic review focuses on main component of Papaver bracteatum and methods used to determine thebaine. All studies which assessed the potential effect of the whole plant or its extract on clinical or preclinical studies were reviewed. In addition, methods for determination of the main components, especially thebaine, which have been published from 1948 to March 2013, were included. Exclusion criteria were agricultural studies that did not assess. This study has listed alkaloids identified in P. bracteatum which reported since 1948 to 2013. Also, the biological activities of main compounds of Papaver bracteatum including thebaine, isothebaine, (-)-nuciferine have been reviewed. As thebaine has many medicinal and industrial values, determination methods of thebaine in P. bracteatum were summarized. The methods have being used for determination of thebaine include chromatographic (HPLC, GC and TLC) and non chromatographic methods. -
Argemone Mexicana
Argemone mexicana General description Scientific Name with Author Argemone mexicana L. Synonyms Argemone leiocarpa Greene; Argemone ochroleuca Sweet; Echtrus trivialis Lour.; Echtrus mexicanus (L.) Nieuwl.; Argemone vulgaris Spach; Argemone versicolor Salisb.; Argemone spinosa Moench; Argemone sexvalis Stokes; Argemone mucronata Dum. Cours. ex Steud.; Argemone mexicana var. typica Prain; Argemone mexicana var. parviflora Kuntze; Argemone mexicana var. ochroleuca (Sweet) Lindl.; Argemone mexicana var. lutea Kuntze; Argemone mexicana fo. leiocarpa (Greene) G.B. Ownbey (Pires, 2009). Family Papaveraceae Vernacular Names Mexican poppy, prickly poppy, yellow thistle, Mexican thistle (En). Argémone, pavot épineux, pavot du Mexique, tache de l’œil, chardon du pays (Fr) (Bosch, 2008) Botanical Description Argemone mexicana is an annual herb, growing up to 150 cm with a slightly branched tap root. Its stem is branched and usually extremely prickly. It exudes a yellow juice when cut. It has showy yellow flowers. Leaves are thistle-like and alternate, without leaf stalks (petioles), toothed (serrate) and the margins are spiny. The grey-white veins stand out against the bluish-green upper leaf surface. The stem is oblong in cross-section. Flowers are at the tips of the branches (are terminal) and solitary, yellow and of 2.5-5 cm diameter. Fruit is a prickly oblong or egg-shaped (ovoid) capsule. Seeds are very numerous, nearly spherical, covered in a fine network of veins, brownish black and about 1 m m in diameter (Nacoulma, 1996; Bosch, 2008). 1 MEAMP – Appear Project – 75 September 2012 – August 2014 Photo LABIOCA 1. Argemone mexicana Origin and Distribution Argemone mexicana is native in Mexico and the West Indies, but has become pantropical after accidental introduction or introduction as an ornamental. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,980,319 B2 Park Et Al
US00898O319B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,980,319 B2 Park et al. (45) Date of Patent: *Mar. 17, 2015 (54) METHODS OF PRODUCING STABILIZED A613 L/445 (2006.01) SOLID DOSAGE PHARMACEUTICAL A613 L/47 (2006.01) COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING A6II 45/06 (2006.01) MORPHINANS A63/67 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. (71) Applicant: Mallinckrodt LLC, Hazelwood, MO CPC ............. A6 IK3I/485 (2013.01); A61 K9/1652 (US) (2013.01); A61 K9/2031 (2013.01); A61 K 9/2081 (2013.01); A61 K9/2086 (2013.01); (72) Inventors: Jae Han Park, Olivette, MO (US); A6IK9/2095 (2013.01); A61 K9/5042 Tiffani Eisenhauer, Columbia, IL (US); (2013.01); A61 K3I/4355 (2013.01); A61 K Spainty,S.Isna Gupta, F11llsborough, 31/4375A6 (2013.01); IK3I/445 gets (2013.01); it' A6 (2013.01); IK3I/47 Stephen Overholt, Middlesex, NJ (US) (2013.01); A61K 45/06 (2013.01); A61 K 9/2013 (2013.01); A61 K9/209 (2013.01); (73) Assignee: Mallinckrodt LLC, Hazelwood, MO A6 IK3I/167 (2013.01) (US) USPC ........... 424/472: 424/465; 424/468; 424/490; c - r - 514/282; 514/289 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (58) Field of Classification Search patent is extended or adjusted under 35 N U.S.C. 154(b)b) by 0 daysyS. Seeone application file for complete search history. This patent is Subject to a terminal dis claimer. (56) References Cited (21) Appl. No.: 14/092.375 U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (22) Filed: Nov. 27, 2013 2008, 0026052 A1 ck 1/2008 Schoenhard ................. -
Chemistry Exam - 2015
Scientific Officer Chemistry Exam - 2015 (Final Answer Key) Chemistry Q.No: 1 The major detoxification reaction involved in Phase - I are all except. A Oxidation B Hydrolysis C Acetylation D Hydroxylation Q.No: 2 Which of the endogenous substance is detoxified through glucuronidation reaction ? A Aspirin B Methanol C Bilirubin D Phenyl Acetate Q.No: 3 Which of the following is not a conjugating agent in drug metabolisim? A Active acetate B Active sulfate C Active glucuronate D Active Bicarbonate Q.No: 4 Which of the following statements is not true about receptors ? A Most receptors are proteins situated in the cell membrane B Receptors contain a cleft- known as binding site C Receptors catalyze reactions on chemical messengers D Receptors bind to chemical messengers e.g. neurotransmitters etc Q.No: 5 The mechanism behind pesticide poisoning is A Irreversible binding with Acetyl choline esterase B Reversible binding with Acetyl choline esterase C Irreversible binding with nicotinic receptors D Reversible binding with nicotinic receptors Q.No: 6 Which one of the following have binding affinity but no intrinsic activity? A Agonist B Antagonist C Partial Agonist D Inverse Agonist Q.No: 7 Which of the following is not a requirement for a drug to act as an agonist ? A Functional group B Metabolic stability C Pharmacophore D Size Q.No: 8 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in cigarette smoke may cause - A Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 and delayed metabolism B Inhibition of cytochrome P-450 and enhanced metabolism C Induction of cytochrome -
By HENRYDEANE, F.L.S., and HENRYB
View Article Online / Journal Homepage / Table of Contents for this issue 34 DEASE AND BRADY ON MICROSCOPICAL VIIP.-On ikIicroscopicu2 Research in relation to Pharmacy. By HENRYDEANE, F.L.S., and HENRYB. BRADY,F.L.S. [Read at the Bath Meeting of the British Pharmaceutical Conference, Sept., 1864.1 WE have chosen for the particular subject of the present commu- nication the various preparations of opium. Whether regarded in respect to their importance in the practice of medicine, their variability in strength and character, or the peculiar conditions in which the active matter exists in the crude drug, no better subject could be found for the purpose in view. Opium, as is well known, is an extremely composite substance, being a pasty mass formed of resinous, gummy, extractive and albuminous matters, containing a larger or srrialler percentage of certain active principles diffused through it. These principles are morphine, narcotine (with its two homologuesj, codeine, narceine, mecoiiine, thellaine, and papaverine, either existing free or in com- bination with meconic, sulphuric, or other acids, the sum of the crystalline constituents, exclusive of inorganic salts, contained in good samples of the drug, being from twenty to thirty per cent. of its entire weight. Any preparation, exactly to represent opium, must contain the whole of' these principles, as indeed the tincture may be said fairly to do. It, has, however, been shown that some of the principles are inert, and others even deleterious in their action, and we have Published on 01 January 1865. Downloaded by University of Pittsburgh 30/10/2014 05:40:05. -
Gc/Ms Assays for Abused Drugs in Body Fluids
GC/MS ASSAYS FOR ABUSED DRUGS IN BODY FLUIDS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES • Public Health Service • Alchol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration GC/MS Assays for Abused Drugs in Body Fluids Rodger L. Foltz, Ph.D. Center for Human Toxicology University of Utah Salt Lake City, Utah 64112 Allison F. Fentiman, Jr., Ph.D. Ruth B. Foltz Battelle Columbus Laboratories Columbus, Ohio 43201 NIDA Research Monograph 32 August 1980 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration National Institute on Drug Abuse Division of Research 5600 Fishers Lane Rockville, Maryland 20857 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 The NIDA Research Monograph series is prepared by the Division of Research of the National Institute on Drug Abuse. Its primary objective is to provide critical reviews of research problem areas and techniques, the content of state-of-the- art conferences, integrative research reviews and significant original research. Its dual publication emphasis is rapid and targeted dissemination to the scientific and professional community. Editorial Advisory Board Avram Goldstein, M.D. Addiction Research Foundation Palo Alto, California Jerome Jaffe, M.D. College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University, New York Reese T. Jones, M.D. Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute University of California San Francisco, California William McGlothlin, Ph.D. Department of Psychology, UCLA Los Angeles, California Jack Mendelson, M.D. Alchol and Drug Abuse Research Center Harvard Medical School Mclean Hospital Belmont, Massachusetts Helen Nowlis, Ph.D. Office of Drug Education, DHHS Washington, D.C.