An Updated Checklist of Mosses of Xinjiang, China1 Новый Список Мхов Синьцзяня, Китай1

Arctoa (1995) 4: 1-14

AN UPDATED CHECKLIST OF MOSSES OF XINJIANG, CHINA1 НОВЫЙ СПИСОК МХОВ СИНЬЦЗЯНЯ, КИТАЙ1

BENITO C. TAN2, JIAN-CHENG ZHAO3 AND REN-LIANG HU4

Abstract

An updated checklist of Xinjiang mosses based on past publications and new collections made in 1993 showed a total of 130 genera, 339 species and 8 infraspecific taxa. Twelve species and two varieties are reported here as new to China. They are Amblyodon dealbatus, Bryum schleicheri var. latifolium, Conardia compacta, Cynodontium schistii, Dicranella schreberiana, Orthotrichum cupulatum, O. hallii, O. pallens, O. speciosum var. elegans, Physcomitrium pyriforme, Pottia bryoides, P. heimii, Sphagnum warnstorfii and Tortella nitida. Amblyodon and Conardia are two new moss generic records for China.

Резюме

Новый список листостебельных мхов Синьцзян-Уйгурского автономного округа (северо-западный Китай) основан на последних публикациях и сборах авторов в 1993 году. Список включает 339 видов и 8 внутривидовых таксонов из 130 родов. Двенадцать видов и две разновидности приводятся впервые для Китая: Amblyodon dealbatus, Bryum schleicheri var. latifolium, Conardia compacta, Cynodontium schistii, Dicranella schreberiana, Orthotrichum cupulatum, O. hallii, O. pallens, O. speciosum var. elegans, Physcomitrium pyriforme, Pottia bryoides, P. heimii, Sphagnum warnstorfii и Tortella nitida. Два рода, Amblyodon и Conardia, найдены в Китае впервые.

INTRODUCTION Himalayan Range, moist air currents from the The study area, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Indian Ocean fail to reach Xinjiang, resulting in Region, is the largest province of China, repre- the vast expanse of arid terrain. Hydrologically, senting roughly 1/6 of the national territory. It there is a progressive increase of precipitation is situated in the northwestern corner of the coun- from south to north, with the Altai region re- try (34° 15'-49° 11' N, 73° 21'-96° 25' E) with a ceiving the highest annual precipitation. Occu- total land area of 1 657 549 square kilometers pying the heart of the Eurasian land mass, Xin- (Fig. 1). Although a large part of the province jiang province has a unique flora representing a consists of desert and semi-desert grassland, large mixture of circum-boreal, Irano-Turanian and tracts of boreal forests of Picea, Abies and Lar- Eastern Asiatic taxa. Bryologically, because of ix cover much of the northern slopes of moun- the transportation barrier in the past, the prov- tains at high elevations, especially in places where ince is one of the lesser investigated regions of there is a good supply of water from glacier melt. China. From north to south three mountain ranges, Al- The history of Xinjiang bryology was reviewed tai, Tianshan (Tian-Schan) and Karakorum/ by Zhao (1993b) who reported that the two ear- Kunlun, divide the province into a north and liest publications of Xinjiang mosses were by south basin, namely the Junggar Basin and the Tchen (1936) and de la Varde (1937). Howev- Tarim Basin (see Fig. 1). The topography of the er, systematic collection of Xinjiang mosses by province is very complex and diverse. A broad professional bryologists did not commence until altitudinal range exists between Qogir Peak the second author started the investigation in (8611 m), the second highest peak in the world, 1985. In one of his recent publications, Zhao and Aydingkol Lake (-154 m), the lowest part (1993b) counted a total of 97 genera and 242 of China. Because of the "blocking effect" of the species of mosses for the eastern section of Tian-

1 - Contributions to the Bryoflora of China no. 11. 2 - Farlow Herbarium, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, U.S.A. 3 - Department of Biology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang Province, China. 4 - Department of Biology, East China University, Shanghai 200062, China. 2 BENITO C. TAN, JIAN-CHENG ZHAO & REN-LIANG HU

Map 1. Boundary of Xinjiang Province, China, showing the collection localities (solid dots) in abbreviation and other geographical information. See text for the full collection locality information. shan. He also calculated that 58.63% of these forme, Pottia bryoides, P. heimii, Sphagnum taxa belong to Holarctic elements, 9.24% are warnstorfii and Tortella nitida. Amblyodon and taxa of the temperate Asiatian range, and about Conardia are two new generic records for Chi- 8.84% are Eurasian taxa. na. Since little is known about the moss flora of Supported by the National Geographic Soci- this remote part of the world, we decided to ety, we undertook in July-August of 1993 a one publish our preliminary determinations and in- month bryological expedition to 15 localities in clude in the list other taxa of Xinjiang mosses Tianshan and Altai (see Map 1) and collected a reported in publications. The final tally is 130 total of 1,000 numbers. It is on this basis that genera, 339 species and 8 infraspecific taxa. we report here 57 species (marked with a *) and In the list of Xinjiang mosses presented be- 21 genera (marked with **) as new to the Xin- low, all names of accepted taxa are arranged jiang moss flora. Of these, 12 species and two alphabetically. Nomenclatures and authority varieties are new records for China (marked with names follow Ignatov & Afonina (1992). Syn- ***). They are Amblyodon dealbatus, Bryum onyms are listed inside a [ ] after the accepted schleicheri var. latifolium, Conardia compacta, binomial. Our 1993 collections are followed by Cynodontium schistii, Dicranella schreberiana, a locality information. However, names of re- Orthotrichum cupulatum, O. hallii, O. pallens, ported species not collected by us are indicated O. speciosum var. elegans, Physcomitrium pyri- by the source literature. Where appropriate, the An Updated Checklist of Mosses of Xinjiang, China 3 species range in China is discussed. New records K — Kanash (Hanash) Lake Nature Reserve of Xinjiang and Chinese mosses are reported with in Altai Range, elev. 1300-1350 m; the locality information and collector/collection Qh — Qinghe Co., Qinghe Forest Preserve, number(s). Lastly, correction of past erroneous elev. 1300-1700 m; reports is included in the section of excluded Qt — Qitai Co., Pan-jie-gou (Half Valley) and doubtful taxa. As is, a complete set of voucher Hei-lau-pa (plain), elev. 2000-2130 m; specimens are deposited at the herbarium of Xin- S — Salimu (Sayram) Lake vicinity, elev. jiang University, with a second and a third, in- 1900-2100 m; complete set kept at FH and HSNU respectively. T — Tian-chi (Heavenly Lake), lakeshore Picea forests, elev. 1940-2000 m; Based on this updated checklist, the follow- Tp — Turfan Co., Grape Valley village; ing generalizations can be stated to characterize Ug — No. 1 Glacier in Tienshan range, elev. the Xinjiang moss flora: 3600-3900 m; 1) It is predominantly a boreal and arctic- Uh — 10 km south of Huoxia town in Nan- alpine flora; shan, Tianshan range, elev. 2300-2500 m; 2) Pottiaceae, Grimmiaceae, Encalyptaceae Uj — Ju-hua-tai (Chrysanthemum Plateau) and Orthotrichaceae are richly represented at low in Nanshan, Tianshan range, 70 km SW of Uqum- elevations; qi City, elev. 2310-2400 m; 3) High species diversity occurs in semi-open, Un — Nan-tai-zi picnic ground in Nanshan, mesic to hydric, forested habitat at mid-mon- Tianshan range, 52 km S of Urumqi City, elev. tane elevations; ca. 1700 m; 4) Although the province has limited lime- Up — Bai-yang-gou (Poplar Valley) in Nan- stone and other calcareous formations, small shan, Tianshan range, 55 km SW of Urumqi patches of calciphilous taxa are frequently en- City, elev. ca. 1900 m. counted; 5) The flora has few Sino-Japanese and Sino- AN UPDATED LIST OF XINJIANG MOSSES Himalayan taxa; 6) No endemic taxa, although the adjacent ABIETINELLA ABIETINA (Hedw.) Fleisch. – Hb, Russian Altai region has a few endemics that K, Qt, S, T, Up. A. HISTRICOSA (Mitt.) Broth. [Zhao 1993a] may eventually be found in this province; **ALOINA RIGIDA (Hedw.) Limpr. – Hb, Ug, Un, 7) No tropical or subtropical taxa; Tan 93-897, 93-972, 93-1013, new generic and species 8) Polytrichaceae, Sphagnaceae and Andrea- records. This seems like a common xeric moss in Chi- eaceae, for reasons not yet understood, are poor- na, colonizing bare, sandy and silty grounds. Its thick ly represented. To date, Andreaea still has no leaf with broadly involute margins covering numer- Xinjiang record although its presence in the sur- ous photosynthetic filaments on the adaxial surface rounding countries and provinces is well docu- of the costa is peculiar. Outside China, A. rigida has mented. a nearly cosmopolitan range. ***AMBLYODON DEALBATUS (Hedw.) Bruch et 1993 COLLECTION LOCALITIES Schimp. in B.S.G. – S, Qt, Uj, Tan 93-867, 93-949, 93-1020. Both the genus and the species are new to The abbreviation of the collection localitites China. The curved, asymmetrical capsule with a neck, (see Fig. 1) are as follows: typically of the family Meesiaceae, plus the lax, thin- Br — Burqin Co., roadside alkaline pond 60 walled, leaf cells, identify the genus. Xinjiang is well km east of Burqin town proper, elev. ca. 500 m; within the reported range of this species across the Fy — Fuyun Co., Fuyun Copper Mine site, Northern Hemisphere. elev. ca. 500 m; AMBLYSTEGIUM SERPENS (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. – H, Hb, K, Qt, S, T. H — Huocheng Co., Xin’ertai road section, **AMPHIDIUM LAPPONICUM (Hedw.) Schimp. – vicinity of Guo-zi-gou (Fruit Valley), elev. 1140- Ug, Tan 93-964, new generic and species records. A 1500 m; widespread Holarctic taxon, this species is also known Hb — Habahe Co., 40 km north of Habahe from Heilongjiang and Shaanxi Provinces. town, roadside rocky slopes near Baihapa army ANOECTANGIUM THOMSONII Mitt. [Zhao 1993a] station, elev. 1200-1600 m; ANOMOBRYUM FILIFORME (Griff.) Jaeg. [Anon- ymous 1978; Chen 1963] 4 BENITO C. TAN, JIAN-CHENG ZHAO & REN-LIANG HU

A. FILIFORME var. CONCINNATUM (Spruce) Loeske B. BICOLOR Dicks. [Anonymous 1985] [Zhang 1978] B. CAESPITICIUM Hedw. [Anonymous 1978; Zhao ANOMODON MINOR (Hedw.) Fuernr. [Gao 1977] 1993a] A. RUGELII (C. Muell.) Keissl. [Gao 1977] B. CALOPHYLLUM R. Br. [Anonymous 1978; Zhao AULACOMNIUM ANDROGYNUM (Hedw.) Schwae- 1993a] gr. – Qh. B. CAPILLARE Hedw. – H, S. A. PALUSTRE (Hedw.) Schwaegr. – K. B. CELLULARE Hook. in Schwaegr. – S. A. TURGIDUM (Wahlenb.) Schwaegr. [Anonymous B. CYCLOPHYLLUM (Schwaegr.) Bruch et Schimp. 1978; Zhao et al. 1989] in B.S.G. – K. BARBULA LONGICOSTATA Li [Zhao 1993b] B. KNOWLTONII Barnes [Zhao 1993a] B. UNGUICULATA Hedw. [Zhao 1993a] B. LONCHOCAULON C. Muell. [syn. B. cirrhatum BARTRAMIA POMIFORMIS Hedw. – Uj. Hoppe et Hornsch. ex Hornsch.] [Zhao 1993a] B. ITHYPHYLLA Brid. [Zhao et al. 1989] B. NEODAMENSE Itzigs. in C. Muell. [Zhao 1993a] BRACHYTHECIUM ALBICANS (Hedw.) Schimp. in B. PALLENS (Brid.) Sw. in Roehl. – Ug, Up. B.S.G. – S. B. PALLESCENS Schleich. ex Schwaegr. – Qt. B. BUCHANANII (Hook.) Jaeg. – S. B. PSEUDOTRIQUETRUM (Hedw.) Gaertn. et al. B. CAMPESTRE (C. Muell.) Schimp. in B.S.G. – Qt. [Zhao 1993a] B. PURPURASCENS (R. Br.) Bruch et Schimp. in B. COLLINUM (C. Muell.) Schimp. in B.S.G. B.S.G. [Anonymous 1985] [Chen 1978] B. RECURVULUM Mitt. [Zhao 1993a] B. GAROVAGLIOIDES C. Muell. [Zhao 1993a] B. RUTILANS Brid. – Up. B. GLAREOSUM (Spruce) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Zhao B. SAUTERI Bruch et Schimp. in B.S.G. [Zhao 1993b] 1993b] B. KUROISHICUM Besch. [Zhao 1993a] ***B. SCHLEICHERI Schwaegr. var. LATIFOLIUM B. PLUMOSUM (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Zhao (Schwaegr.) Kindb. [syn. B. tianshanicum Zhao et 1993a] al., in scheda] – Qh, QT, T. This is a subcosmopoli- B. PLUMOSUM var. MIMMAYAE Card. [Qian 1987] tan moss in wet habitat, easily recognized by its stout, B. POPULEUM (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Anon- tumid, scarcely branched stems of watery green col- ymous 1978] or. The leaves are large, broadly ovate, concave, broad- B. PROCUMBENS (Mitt.) Jaeg. [Zhao 1993b] ly acute to obtuse and with a strong border. Although B. REFLEXUM (Starke) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Zhao Nyholm (1954-1969) dismissed the species as a hy- 1993a] brid between B. turbinatum and B. pseudotriquetrum, B. RHYNCHOSTEGIELLOIDES Card. [Zhao 1993a] we think that the species, especially var. latifolium, B. RIVULARE Schimp. in B.S.G. [de la Varde 1937] is very distinctive in the field. B. RUTABULUM (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Zhao B. TURBINATUM (Hedw.) Turn. [Anonymous 1978; 1993b] de la Varde 1937] B. SALEBROSUM (Web. et Mohr) Schimp. in B. TRUNCORUM (Brid.) Brid. [Zhao 1993a] B.S.G. – H. B. ULIGINOSUM (Brid.) Bruch et Schimp. in B. STARKEI (Brid.) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Zhao B.S.G. [syn. B. cernuum (Hedw.) Bruch et Schimp. 1993a] in B.S.G.] [Zhao 1993a] B. VELUTINUM (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Zhao CALLIERGON GIGANTEUM (Schimp.) Kindb. – Qh, Qt. 1993b] CAMPTHOTHECIUM AURICULATUM (Jaeg.) Broth. B. WICHURAE (Broth.) Par. [Qian 1987] [Zhao 1993a] BRYHNIA NOVAE-ANGLIAE (Sull. et Lesq.) Grout C. LUTESCENS (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Zhao [syn. B. sublaevifolia Broth. et Par. ex Card.] [Zhao 1993a] 1993a] *CAMPYLIUM HISPIDULUM (Brid.) Mitt. – Un, BRYOERYTHROPHYLLUM INAEQUALIFOLIUM Tan 93-1009, new to the province. (Tayl.) Zander [syn. Barbula tenii Herz.] [Zhao *C. POLYGAMUM (B.S.G.) C. Jens. [syn. Campy- 1993b] liadelphus polygamus (B.S.G.) Kanda] – S, Tan 93- B. RECURVIROSTRUM (Hedw.) Chen – Qh, Qt, 946, new to the province. This Campylium species S, T, Uj, Un, Up. has both uni- and bicostate leaves. BRYUM ALPINUM Huds. ex With. [Zhao 1993a] C. PROTENSUM (Brid.) Kindb. [Zhao 1993a] B. ANGUSTIRETE Kindb. in Macoun – Uh. C. STELLATUM (Hedw.) C. Jens. – Ug. B. ARGENTEUM Hedw. – H, S. CAMPYLOPUS FLEXUOSUS (Hedw.) Brid. [Zhao B. ARCTICUM (R. Br.) Bruch et Schimp. in B.S.G. et al. 1989] [Zhao 1993a] C. FRAGILIS (Brid.) Bruch et Schimp. in B.S.G. B. ATROVIRENS Vill. ex Brid. [Anonymous 1985] [Zhao 1993a] An Updated Checklist of Mosses of Xinjiang, China 5

C. SCHIMPERI Milde [syn. C. subulatus Schimp. DESMATODON LATIFOLIUS (Hedw.) Brid. [Zhao in Rabenh. var. schimperi (Milde) Husn.] [Zhao et 1993a] al. 1989] *D. LAURERI (Schultz) Bruch et Schimp. in B.S.G. CERATODON PURPUREUS (Hedw.) Brid. – K, H, – Ug, Tan 93-969. The differentiated leaf margins, Qh, S. papillose leaf cells and the narrowly ellipsoid cap- CHENIA LEPTOPHYLLA (C. Muell.) Zander [syn. sules should identify this species easily from other Pottia splachnobryoides C. Muell.] [Zhao 1993b] congeners in the province. CINCLIDIUM ARCTICUM Bruch et Schimp. in D. RAUCOPAPILLOSUM Li [Zhao 1993a, b] B.S.G. [X.-J. Li & Zhang 1979] D. SYSTYLIUS Schimp. – Qt, Ug, Uj. C. STYGIUM Sw. in Schrad. [Gao 1977] DICRANELLA HETEROMALLA (Hedw.) Schimp. CIRRIPHYLLUM CIRROSUM (Schwaegr.) Grout – [Anonymous 1985] H, T, Uh, Up. ***D. SCHREBERIANA (Hedw.) Hilp. ex Crum et C. PILIFERUM (Hedw.) Grout [Zhao 1993] Anderson – T, Tan 93-854. Although the collection CLIMACIUM DENDROIDES (Hedw.) Web. et Mohr here appears to be the first for China, this Holarctic – K, Qh, Qt, Uj. species may have been reported in local florulas and C. JAPONICUM Lindb. [Zhao et al. 1989] provincial checklists under various names such as D. ***CONARDIA COMPACTA (C. Muell.) Robins. palustris sensu lato and D. divaricata (Mitt.) Jaeg. [syn. Rhynchostegiella compacta (C. Muell.) Loeske] *D. VARIA (Hedw.) Schimp. – H, Zhao 93187. – K, Tan 93-901, new to China. The discovery of this DICRANODONTIUM DENUDATUM (Brid.) Britt. ex minute, mat-forming, Holarctic species strengthens Williams – K. the boreal affinity of the Xinjiang moss flora. Al- DICRANOWEISIA CIRRATA (Hedw.) Lindb. in Mil- though the species is distinctive in having a strong, de [Anonymous 1985; Zhao 1993b] single costa and a serrulate basal leaf margin with D. CRISPULA (Hedw.) Lindb. – S. recurved teeth, its generic placement for years has DICRANUM DELAVAYI Besch. [de la Varde 1937] been in controversy. Here we accept a separate genus D. ELONGATUM Schleich. ex Schwaegr. [Anony- for this unique species. The Xinjiang plants bear abun- mous 1978] dance of gemmae on its leaf apices. D. FRAGILIFOLIUM Lindb. – Qt. CRATONEURON FILICINUM (Hedw.) Spruce – Qt, D. GROENLANDICUM Brid. [Anonymous 1985] U j. D. MUEHLENBECKII Bruch et Schimp. in B.S.G. CROSSIDIUM CHLORONOTUS (Brid.) Limpr. [Zhao – K. 1992] D. NIPPONENSE Besch. [Zhao et al. 1989] CTENIDIUM MOLLUSCUM (Hedw.) Mitt. [Gao D. SCOPARIUM Hedw. – K. 1977] D. SPURIUM Hedw. [Anonymous 1978; Gao 1977] ***CYNODONTIUM SCHISTII (Web. et Mohr) D. UNDULATUM Schrad. ex Brid. [Gao 1977] Lindb. [syn. Cnestrum schistii (Web. et Mohr) Hag.] DIDYMODON ASPERIFOLIUS (Mitt.) Crum et al. – Hb, Tan 93-931, new to China. The genus is also a [syn. Barbula asperifolia Mitt.] [Zhao 1993a] new record for the province. Among the dicranaceous D. CONSTRICTUS (Mitt.) K. Saito [syn. Barbula genera, Cynodontium is distinctive in having papil- constricta Mitt.] -H, Ug. lose leaf cells, undifferentiated alar regions, and a D. FALLAX (Hedw.) Zander [syn. Barbula fallax markedly striate capsule when dry, with or without Hedw.] [Zhao 1993a] struma. Thus far, only two species of Cynodontium D. GIGANTEUS (Funck) Jur. [syn. Barbula gi- are reported from China (Redfearn 1993). Among its gantea Funck] [Zhao 1993a] congeners, C. schistii is smallest in plant size. It is a D. ICMADOPHILUS (Schimp. ex C. Muell.) K. boreo-montane species which grows usually in rock Saito [Zhao 1993b] crevices. D. NIGRESCENS (Mitt.) K. Saito [syn. Barbula **CYRTOMNIUM HYMENOPHYLLOIDES (Hueb.) nigrescens Mitt.; B. subrivicola Chen] – H, S, Ug. Nyh. ex T. Kop. [syn. Mnium hymenophylloides D. PEROBTUSUS Broth. [syn. Barbula perobtusa Hueb.] – Up, Tan 93-997, new generic and species (Broth.) Chen] [Zhao 1993a] records. A common subalpine moss in the northern D. RIGIDICAULIS (C. Muell.) Saito [syn. Barbu- hemisphere, this species is recognized by its entire, la reflexa (Brid.) Brid.] – Uh. roundly ovate leaves arranged in two complanate D. RIGIDULUS Hedw. [syn. Barbula rigidula ranks. Prior to our collection, C. hymenophylloides (Hedw.) Mild.] – H. has only one Chinese record from Gansu Province D. RIGIDULUS var. DITRICHOIDES (Broth.) Zander dated 1930 (Koponen 1981). Our specimens were [syn. Barbula ditrichoides Broth.] – H. collected from a log with thick humic soil cover near D. RIVICOLA (Broth.) Zander in T. Kop. et al. a waterfall. Crum & Anderson (1981) has published [syn. Barbula rivicola Broth.] [Zhao 1993a] a very good illustration for this species. D. RUFIDULUS (C. Muell.) Broth. [syn. Barbula 6 BENITO C. TAN, JIAN-CHENG ZHAO & REN-LIANG HU rufidula C. Muell.] [Zhao 1993a] [syn. Homomallium leptothallum (C. Muell.) Nog.] D. TOPHACEUS (Brid.) Lisa [syn. Barbula topha- [Zhao 1993b] cea (Brid.) Mitt.] – H. **FABRONIA CILIARIS (Brid.) Brid. – Hb, Tan D. VINEALIS (Brid.) Zander [syn. Barbula sub- 93-937, specimen mixed with Neckera pennata, new contorta Broth.; B. vinealis Brid.] [Zhao 1993a] generic and species record for the province. The same DISTICHIUM CAPILLACEUM (Hedw.) Bruch et species has been reported from the neighboring Inner Schimp. in B.S.G. – H, Qt, S, Uh, Ug. Mongolia Province of China and the Kazakhstan D. HAGENII Ryan ex Philib. – Ug. Republic. D. INCLINATUM (Hedw.) Bruch et Schimp. in *FISSIDENS BRYOIDES Hedw. – H, S, T, Uh, Uj, B.S.G. – S. Un, Up, Tan 93-852, 93-939, 93-985, 93-988, 93-1006, DITRICHUM CRISPATISSIMUM (C. Muell.) Par. 93-1007, 93-1028, a new provincial species records. [syn. D. flexicaule sensu Chinese authors] [de la Varde Up until 1992, there were no Xinjiang records of 1937; Tchen 1936] Fissidens (Z.-H. Li 1992). In 1993 Zhao made the D. DIFFICILE (Duby) Fleisch. – S. first generic report (as F. grandifrons) for the prov- DREPANOCLADUS ADUNCUS (Hedw.) Warnst. – ince. We are pleased to report two species of Fis- Q t . sidens from this vastly arid part of China. D. SENDTNERI (Schimp. ex C. Muell.) Warnst. *F. PERDECURRENS Besch. – T, Zhao 2610; [Anonymous 1978] Turfan, Grape Valley, Tan 93-961, a new provincial **DRUMMONDIA THOMSONII Mitt. – T, Tan 93- species record. Locally, F. perdecurrens prefers drip- 853, new generic and species records. In Orthotricha- ping wet rocks in deeply shaded places. Its local dis- ceae, Drummondia and Zygodon have similar cucul- tribution is peculiar in having a coastal distribution late calyptrae. The two genera also possess rather with disjunctive inland populations in Guizhou and similar leaf outline and areolation, but the leaf cells Xinjiang Provinces. of Drummondia are smooth and that of Zygodon are FONTINALIS ANTIPYRETICA Hedw. var. ANTIPYRE- papillose. At present, Zygodon has not been found in TICA – Qh. Xinjiang. Its occurrence in the province can be ex- F. ANTIPYRETICA var. GRACILIS (Lindb.) Schimp. pected. According to Vitt (1972), D. thomsonii dif- [syn. F. gothica Card. et H. Arnell] [Zhao 1993a] fers from D. turkestanica Broth. ex C. Muell. in F. HYPNOIDES Hartm. [Chen & al. 1958] having a less gradually slender leaf apex. The Xin- F. SQUAMOSA Hedw. [Chen & al. 1958] jiang specimen, which was collected from the trunk FUNARIA HYGROMETRICA Hedw. – K, Ug, Up. of a Populus, has leaf apices of both types. It is likely F. MICROSTOMA Bruch ex Schimp. [Zhao 1993b] that these two geographically juxtaposit species may *F. MUEHLENBERGII Turn. – Qh, Tan 93-873, 93- prove conspecific when the variations of their leaf 1031, new to the province. In Xinjiang, this species morphologies are better known. From the widespread is relatively common in shaded sites underneath rocks. D. sinensis C. Muell., D. thomsonii differs in being a The concave, broadly ovate to obovate leaves with smaller plant and having a more acuminate leaf apex, hairpoints, coupled with the erect, though slightly in addition to having a whitish capsule. Mature cap- asymmetrical, capsule, will separate this from F. hy- sules of D. sinensis are brownish in color. D. thomso- grometrica. Reportedly a calciphile, F. muehlenbergii nii is also known from Xizang and the Khasmir re- has been found in all northern provinces of China. gion. GRIMMIA AFFINIS Hoppe et Hornsch. ex Hornsch. ENCALYPTA ALPINA Sm. – Qt, Uj. – K. E. CILIATA Hedw. – Qt. G. ANODON Bruch et Schimp. in B.S.G. – Qh, T, E. RHAPTOCARPA Schwaegr. – Qt. Uh, Un. E. SPATHULATA C. Muell. – Uh, Un. G. APICULATA Hornsch. [Zhao 1993a] E. VULGARIS Hedw. – H. G. ATRATA Miel. ex Hornsch. [Zhao 1993b] ENTODON COMPRESSUS (Hedw.) C. Muell. [Zhao G. DONNIANA Sm. – Ug. et al. 1989; Zhao 1990] G. ELATIOR Bruch ex Bals. et De Not. [Zhao E. CONCINNUS (De Not.) Par. – S. 1993a] *E. LURIDUS (Griff.) Jaeg. – T, Zhao 2792b. G. ELONGATA Kaulf. in Sturm [Zhao 1993a] E. OBTUSATUS Broth. [Zhao 1993a] G. LAEVIGATA (Brid.) Brid. [Zhao 1993a] E. SEDUCTRIX (Hedw.) C. Muell. [Zhao 1993a] G. MACROTHECA Mitt. [Zhao 1993b] *EURHYNCHIUM PRAELONGUM (Hedw.) Schimp. G. MONTANA Bruch et Schimp. in B.S.G. – H, in B.S.G. [syn. Kindbergia praelonga (Hedw.) U g. Ochyra] – S, Zhao 93102. G. OBTUSIFOLIA Gao et Cao – Ug. E. PULCHELLUM (Hedw.) Jenn. [Zhao 1993a] G. OVALIS (Hedw.) Lindb. [syn. G. commutata E. SAVATIERI Schimp. ex Besch. [Zhao 1993a] Hueb.] [Zhao 1993a] EUROHYPNUM LEPTOTHALLUM (C. Muell.) Ando *G. PILIFERA P. Beauv. – Ug, Tan 93-1190A. An Updated Checklist of Mosses of Xinjiang, China 7

G. PULVINATA (Hedw.) Sm. – H, Qh. species in the province. The papillose rhizoids arising G. SESSITANA De Not. – Ug. from inside leaf axils, the narrowly lanceolate and *G. TERGESTINA Tomm. ex B.S.G. – Uh, Tan 93- entire leaves, and the nearly erect, cylindric capsules 980, 93-1220, a new record for Xinjiang. G. tergisti- are good telling characters (Nyholm 1954-1969; Crum na has been reported from many interior provinces of & Anderson 1981). Although a widespread species, I. China (Redfearn 1993), although Cao & Vitt (1986) pulchella has only one other Hebei collection report- showed it only from Gansu and Jiangsu Provinces. ed by C.-Y. Yang in 1934. Its presence in other north- G. UNICOLOR Hook. in Grev. – Ug. ern provinces should be looked for. GYMNOSTOMUM AERUGINOSUM Sm. [Zhao 1993b] JAFFUELIOBRYUM WRIGTII (Sull.) Thйr. [Zhao G. CALCAREUM Nees et Hornsch. in Nees et al. 1992] [Zhao 1993b] LEPTOBRYUM PYRIFORME (Hedw.) Wils. – Qh, **HAMATOCAULIS LAPPONICUS (Norrl.) Heden- Qt, S. aes [syn. Drepanocladus lapponicus (Norrl.) Z. *LEPTODICTYUM RIPARIUM (Hedw.) Warnst. – Smirn.] – K. 11 km SE of Urumqi near Chai-wo-pu Lake, Tan 93- **H. VERNICOSUS (Mitt.) Hedenaes [syn. Drepan- 1165. This widespread species prefers wet, swampy ocladus vernicosus (Mitt.) Warnst.] [Anonymous and eutrophic habitats. 1978] LEPTOPTERIGYNANDRUM STRICTICAULE Broth. HAPLOHYMENIUM TRISTE (Ces.) Kindb. [Zhao [Zhao 1993a] 1993a] LESCURAEA INCURVATA (Hedw.) Lawt. [syn. HEDWIGIA CILIATA (Hedw.) P. Beauv. [syn. H. Pseudoleskea incurvata (Hedw.) Loeske] – K, Un. albicans Lindb.] – B, K. *L. SAXICOLA (Schimp.) Milde – T, Tan 93-840, HELODIUM BLANDOWII (Web. et Mohr.) Warnst. Zhao 3012, new to the province. For a circumpolar [syn. H. lanatum (Brid.) Broth.] [Anonymous 1978] and mountain species, it is surprising to note that the HOMOMALLIUM CONNEXUM (Card.) Broth. [Zhao only other Chinese record is from the offshore island 1993a] of Taiwan. The often reported species in northern HYGROAMBLESTEGIUM NOTEROPHILUM (Sull. et China, L. incurvata (Hedw.) Lawt., differs from the Lesq.) Warnst. – Qh, Uj. present species primarily in having short, rectangular H. TENAX (Hedw.) Jenn. [Bai 1987] to irregularly shaped median and basal leaf cells. In HYGROHYPNUM FONTINALIOIDES Chen [Chen L. saxicola, the median and basal leaf cells are ob- 1963] long to elongate. H. LURIDUM (Hedw.) Jenn. [syn. H. palustre LIMPRICHTIA REVOLVENS (Sw.) Loeske [syn. Dre- Loeske] – Up; Balikun County, Zhao 1377. panocladus revolvens (Sw.) Warnst.] – S. H. LURIDUM var. EHLEI (Arn.) Wijk et Marg. LINDBERGIA SINENSIS (C. Muell.) Broth. [Zhao [Zhao 1993a] 1993a] H. MOLLE (Hedw.) Loeske [syn. H. dilatatum MEESIA ULIGINOSA Hedw. [syn. M. trichodes (Wils.) Loeske] [Zhao 1993a] Spruce] [de la Varde 1937; Zhao 1993b] H. MONTANUM (Lindb.) Broth. [Zhao 1993a] MNIUM AMBIGUUM H. Muell. [syn. M. magnirete HYLOCOMIUM SPLENDENS (Hedw.) Schimp. in (Lindb. et Arn.) Kindb.] [Zhao 1993b] B.S.G. [syn. H. proliferum (Brid.) Lindb., nom. il- M. LAEVINERVE Card. – H, S, T. leg.] M. LYCOPODIOIDES Schwaegr. [syn. M. long- HYMENOSTYLIUM RECURVIROSTRUM (Hedw.) ispinum X.-J. Li et Zhang; M. pseudolycopodioides Dix. [de la Varde 1937] C. Muell. et Kindb. in Macoun] – Qt. HYPNUM CALLICHROUM Brid. [Zhao 1993a] M. MARGINATUM (With.) Brid. ex P. Beauv. – H. CUPRESSIFORME Hedw. – T. H, Up. H. HAMULOSUM Schimp. in B.S.G. – S. M. SPINOSUM (Voit) Schwaegr. [Zhao 1993b] H. PALLESCENS (Hedw.) P. Beauv. [Zhao 1993a] M. STELLARE Hedw. – S, T. H. PLUMAEFORME Wils. [Tchen 1936; Zhao M. THOMSONII Schimp. [syn. M. orthorrhynchi- 1993a] um Brid.] – H. H. PROCERRIMUM Mol. [syn. Pseudostereodon MYURELLA JULACEA (Schwaegr.) Schimp. in procerrimus (Mol.) Fleisch.] [de la Varde 1937] B.S.G. – Uj, Up. H. REVOLUTUM (Mitt.) Lindb. – S. M. SIBIRICA (C. Muell.) Reim. [syn. M. gracilis INDUSIELLA THIANSHANICA Broth. et C. Muell. Lindb.] – Up. in Broth. [Zhao 1992] M. TENERRIMA (Brid.) Lindb. [Anonymous 1978] **ISOPTERYGIOPSIS PULCHELLA (Hedw.) Iwats. **NECKERA PENNATA Hedw. – Hb, Tan 93-933, [syn. Isopterygium pulchellum (Hedw.) Jaeg.] – Uh, 93-934, new generic and species records. The family Up, Tan 93-983, 93-986, 93-1000b, new generic and Neckeraceae is a new addition to the provincial flora. species records. This seems like a widespread ground Perhaps because of the arid climate, this species grows 8 BENITO C. TAN, JIAN-CHENG ZHAO & REN-LIANG HU locally as small patches of populations in shaded sites of the genus by their exserted capsule with eight re- underneath boulders or protected rock cliffs. N. pen- flexed exostome teeth and superficial stomates on the nata is a common species in China. capsule. However, O. sordidum has a distinctly ribbed ONCOPHORUS VIRENS (Hedw.) Brid. – Qt, Uh, capsule at maturity when dry, whereas O. speciosum U j. has a smooth capsule. O. WAHLENBERGII Brid. – K, Qt, Uh. O. STRIATUM Hedw. [Zhao 1993a] OREOWEISIA TORQUESCENS (Brid.) Wijk et Marg. O. URNIGERUM Myr. [Zhao 1993a] [syn. O. serrulata (Funck) De Not.] [Chen 1963] OXYSTEGUS CUSPIDATUS (Dozy et Molk.) Chen ORTHOTHECIUM CHRYSEUM (Schwaegr. ex [Zhao 1933a] Schultes) Schimp. in B.S.G. [syn. Entodon chryse- O. TENUIROSTRIS (Hook. et Tayl.) A. J. E. Smith um (Schwaegr.) B.S.G. in Zhao (1993a), orthograph- [Zhao 1993a] ical error] [de la Varde 1937] PALAMOCLADIUM EUCHLORON (C. Muell.) Wijk O. RUFESCENS (Brid.) Schimp. in B.S.G. [Zhao et Marg. [Zhao 1993a] 1993b] PALUDELLA SQUARROSA (Hedw.) Brid. [Anony- ORTHOTRICHUM AFFINE Schrad. ex Brid. [Zhao mous 1978] 1993b] PALUSTRIELLA COMMUTATA (Brid.) Ochyra [syn. O. ANOMALUM Hedw. – Uh, T. Cratoneuron commutatum (Brid.) G. Roth] – Uj. ***O. CUPULATUM Brid. – Qh, Tan 93-1105, new **PHASCUM CUSPIDATUM Hedw. – Qh, Tan 93- to China. It is a welcome to find this nearly cosmo- 879, new generic and species records. This is an ephem- politan in the Xinjiang part of China. The local pop- eral, pioneering moss in many arid habitats such as ulation grows on river bank near the road to Qinghe fallow fields and roadside banks. It has only one pre- Forest Reserve. The same species has been reported vious Chinese report which is from the Inner Mongo- from Middle Asia and Altai Mountains in former lia Province (Bai 1987). USSR. Its presence in other northern provinces of PHILONOTIS FONTANA (Hedw.) Brid. [de la Varde China can be expected. The small plant with strong- 1937] ly furrowed, emergent capsule showing 16 erect, stand- P. NITIDA Mitt. [Zhao 1993b] ing exostome teeth are good diagnostic features. More PHYSCOMITRIUM EURYSTOMUM Sendtn. [Zhao importantly, the stomates are immersed. 1993a] ***O. HALLII Sull. et Lesq. in Sull. – Qh, Tan ***P. PYRIFORME (Hedw.) Hampe – Qh, Tan 93-1070, 93-1078, 93-1083, new species record for 93-871, new to China. That this Holarctic species has China. The detailed information of the range disjunc- no previous Chinese report is a surprise. It is possible tion of this species in western North America and that specimens of P. pyriforme have been confused China will be reported separately by Lewinsky-Haa- with P. eurystomum Sendtn., which is a smaller plant. pasaari & Tan (1994). In P. pyriforme, the leaf costa reaches only the apex O. OBTUSIFOLIUM Brid. – Qh, T, Up. The spe- or disappears below it, while in P. eurystomum, it is cies seems to prefer the trunk of Populus in all the shortly excurrent. P. pyriforme grows commonly on reported localities. wet clayey soil. ***O. PALLENS Bruch ex Brid. – Qh, Tan 93- **PLAGIOBRYUM DEMISSUM (Hook.) Lindb. – 1086, specimen mixed with O. obtusifolium, new to Ug, Uj, Tan 93-965, 93-1021, new generic and spe- China. This is another widespread Holarctic species cies records. According to Nyholm (1954-1969), the that has no previous Chinese record before our Xin- much inclined, pyriform capsule is a good diagnostic jiang collection. The Chinese plants were found grow- character for the species. Other Chinese records are ing on trunks of Populus inside a riverine, deciduous, from Shaanxi and Yunnan. broad-leaved forest. Elsewhere, it is known from PLAGIOMNIUM CUSPIDATUM (Hedw.) T. Kop. Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Russian Altai and other parts [syn. Mnium cuspidatum Hedw.] [Zhao 1993a] of Sibiria. P. ELLIPTICUM (Brid.) T. Kop. [syn. Mnium rug- O. RUPESTRE Schleich. ex Schwaegr. – K, T. icum Laur.; Mnium affine var. rugicum (Laur.) Bruch O. SPECIOSUM Nees in Sturm – K, Qt, T, Ug. et Schimp. in B.S.G.; Mnium latilimbatum X.-J. Li ***O. SPECIOSUM var. ELEGANS (Schwaegr. ex et Zhang] – K, Qt, Uh. Hook. et Grev.) Warnst. – T, Tan 93-831, 93-842, P. INTEGRUM (Bosch et Sande Lac.) T. Kop. [Zhao new to China. 1993a] *O. SORDIDUM Sull. et Lesq. in Aust. – H, K, P. MEDIUM (B.S.G.) T. Kop. – K. Qt, T, Tan 93-1042, 93-1068, 93-1121b, 93-1158. This P. ROSTRATUM (Schrad.) T. Kop. – H. and O. speciosum are the two most common Ortho- P. TEZUKAE (Sak.) T. Kop. [Zhao 1993a] tricha encountered during this expedition. Often, the P. VESICATUM (Besch.) T. Kop. – K, Qh, S. two grow together with individual plants intermixed. PLAGIOPUS OEDERIANA (Sw.) Crum et Anderson Both species can be recognised from other members – Uh, Up. An Updated Checklist of Mosses of Xinjiang, China 9

**PLAGIOTHECIUM LAETUM Schimp. in B.S.G. – juniperinum var. affine (Funck) Brid.] [Zhao 1990; K, Uj, Up, Tan 93-987, 93-1000a, 93-1029, new ge- Zhao et al. 1989] neric and species records. The addition of this Hol- ***POTTIA BRYOIDES (Dicks.) Mitt. – H, Tan arctic moss genus and species to the local flora is 93-957, new to China. The large, emergent, ovoid- expected. Its previous Chinese records are from Jilin oblong and cleistocarpus capsule is very characteris- and Xizang provinces. tic for the species. PLATYGYRIUM REPENS (Brid.) Schimp. in B.S.G. ***P. HEIMII (Hedw.) Furnr. – S, Tan 93-948, – Hb. new to China. In northern Europe, this is reportedly PLEURIDIUM ACUMINATUM Lindb. [Zhao et al. a seashore species rarely found inland (Nyholm 1954- 1989] 1969). In western North America, it was reported **PLEUROZIOPSIS RUTHENICA (Weinm.) Kindb. growing on alkaline soil (Lawton 1971). The Xin- ex Britt. – Qh, Tan 93-888, new generic and species jiang population came from the wet, seepy shore of records for the province. The moss family, Pleurozi- Salimu Lake. Nyholm (1954-1969) recognized the opsidaceae, is a new addition to the province. Sterile arctic form of this variable species as var. obtusifolia materials of P. ruthenica can be difficult to segregate (R. Br.) Hag. which she characterized as having short- from the equally dendroid plants of Climacium. Un- er and more broadly lanceolate leaves than those of der the circumstances, the presence of tiny stem lamel- the type. The Xinjiang specimen fits well this vari- lae in Pleuroziopsis, best seen in cross section of stem, ety. is a reliable character (Ireland 1968). In addition, **PSEUDOCALLIERGON LYCOPODIOIDES (Brid.) stem and branch leaves of P. ruthenica have mostly Hede-naes [syn. Drepanocladus lycopodioides (Brid.) round to broadly obtuse apices whereas branch leaves Warnst.] – Ug. of Climacium have obtuse-acute apices. In Xinjiang, **P. TURGESCENS (T. Jens.) Loeske [syn. Calli- P. ruthenica grows in a flooded, forested site by a ergon turgescens (T. Jens.) Kindb.; Scorpidium turge- river. Other Chinese collections from Heilongjiang, scens (T. Jens.) Loeske] [Anonymous 1978] Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Xizang are re- PSEUDOLESKEELLA CATENULATA (Brid. ex portedly from mesic forest sites. Schrad.) Kindb. – Ug. PLEUROZIUM SCHREBERI (Brid.) Mitt. – K, T. P. NERVOSA (Brid.) Nyh. [syn. Leskeella nervosa POGONATUM DENTATUM (Brid.) Brid. [syn. P. (Brid.) Loeske] – T. capillare Michx.] [Zhao 1993a] P. TECTORUM (Funck ex Brid.) Kindb. in Broth. P. PERICHAETIALE (Mont.) Jaeg. [Zhao et al. [syn. Leskeella tectorum (Funck ex Brid.) Hag.] – 1989] Br, H, Qh, Qt, S, Un. One of our Xinjiang collec- P. URNIGERUM (Hedw.) P. Beauv. [Zhao 1993a] tions (Tan 93-894) has specimens with strongly pro- POHLIA CRUDA (Hedw.) Lindb. – K. rate leaf cells on the dorsal side of lamina similar to P. ELONGATA Hedw. ssp. ELONGATA [syn. P. that seen in P. papillosa (Lindb.) Kindb. [syn. Het- acuminata Hoppe et Hornsch. ex Hornsch.] – Ug, erocladium papillosum (Lindb.) Lindb.]. Nonethe- Uj, T. less, its longly acuminate leaf apex is like that of P. P. ELONGATA ssp. POLYMORPHA (Hoppe et Horn- tectorum. In a recent regional monograph, Wilson & sch. ex Hornsch.) Nyh. [syn. P. polymorpha Hoppe Norris (1989) defined broadly the species concept of et Hornsch. ex Hornsch.] [Zhao 1993b] P. tectorum and included in it all North American P. FLEXUOSA Hook. [syn. P. gracillima (Card.) and Greenland specimens with papillose or prorate Ihs.] – Qh. leaf cells which were identified by Steere (1975) and P. NUTANS (Hedw.) Lindb. [Anonymous 1978; Lewinsky (1974) as “P. papillosa”. We think that a Zhao 1993a] good case of parallel evolution exists here between P. SAPROPHILA (C. Muell.) Broth. [Zhao 1993b] P. catenulata and P. tectorum, that each species has POLYTRICHASTRUM ALPINUM (Hedw.) G. L. developed a papillose form within its range. We in- Smith [syn. Pogonatum alpinum (Hedw.) Roehl] – terpret the Scandinavian P. papillosa as the papil- Qt, Ug, Uj, Up. lose form of P. catenulata, and our Xinjiang and P. LONGISETUM (Brid.) G. L. Smith [syn. Poly- North American collections of so-called “P. papil- trichum gracile Dicks. in Menz.] [Zhao et al. 1989] losa” as the papillose representatives of P. tectorum. P. OHIOENSE (Ren. et Card.) G. L. Smith [syn. The latter can be called P. tectorum subsp. cyrto- Polytrichum decipiens Limpr.] [Zhao et al. 1989] phylla (Kindb.) Lewinsky, although a varietal rank POLYTRICHUM COMMUNE Hedw. [Anonymous, is probably more appropriate for this papillose mor- 1978; Zhao et al. 1989] ph. P. JUNIPERINUM Hedw. – K. PSEUDOSYMBLEPHARIS ANGUSTATA (Mitt.) Hilp. P. PILIFERUM Hedw. [Anonymous 1978; Zhao et [syn. P. papillosula (Card. et Thér.) Broth.] [Zhao al. 1989] 1993a] P. STRICTUM Brid. [syn. P. alpestre Hoppe; P. *PTERYGONEURUM KOZLOVII Lazar. – Hb, Tan 10 BENITO C. TAN, JIAN-CHENG ZHAO & REN-LIANG HU

93-1032. The adaxially lamellated leaf costa with its of the collections was subsequently confirmed by Ando long apical awn is unique for the genus. According to (pers. comm. 1994). In his early publication, Ando McIntosh (1989), the present species resembles P. (1978) remarked that the species is large and unusual subsessile in having an immersed capsule, but is readily in habit for the genus. Pylaisiella falcata is an exam- distinguished from the latter by its cleistocarpous ple of East Asia-Latin American disjunctive distribu- capsule. The same author reported that P. kozlovii tion. In China, it is known from Sichuan, Yunnan has been considered by many to be of hybrid origin. and Xizang. Our Xinjiang collection which bears several capsules **P. POLYANTHA (Hedw.) Grout [syn. Pylaisia with aborted spores seems to support this hybrid con- polyantha (Hedw.) Schimp.] – Hb, K, Tan 93-898, tention. P. kozlovii has a widely disjunctive distri- 93-908, 93-927b, new generic and species records. The bution. Previously it was known only from the Eu- distinction between this species and P. selwynii rope (Czechoslovakia and Ukraine), but recently it (Kindb.) Crum et al. can be difficult, especially if was found in British Columbia in Western Canada only one taxon is present at a site. We find that the (McIntosh 1989), Mongolia (Abramova & Zaegmaed, usually employed discriminating character, i.e., the 1989) and now in China. degree of adherence between the outer peristome teeth P. OVATUM (Hedw.) Dix. – Hb, Qh. Although and inner peristome segments (see Crum & Anderson Chen (1963) had long predicted the presence of this 1981; Nyholm, 1954-1969), is rather difficult to ob- widespread moss in China, its discovery was only serve in sporophytic specimens of both species. In- recently reported from Inner Mongolia (Bai & Gao stead, we rely on the smaller plant size and the pres- 1993) and Xinjiang (Zhao 1993c). Without fruiting ence of more leaf alar cells in P. selwynii as distin- bodies, it is difficult to distinguish P. ovatum from guishable features from P. polyantha. P. subsessile. The taxonomic characters used to sepa- **RHIZOMNIUM PSEUDOPUNCTATUM (Bruch et rate the two species such as the plant habit, length of Schimp.) T. Kop. [syn. Mnium pseudopunctatum leaf awns, and leaf margin are variable and unreli- Bruch et Schimp.] – Uh, Tan 93-984, new generic able. This is evident by a comparison of the prepared and species records. In a recent publication, Koponen illustrations of these two species in Crum & Ander- & Afonina (1992) show the distribution of this wide- son (1981) and in Abramova & Abramov (1983). spread boreal species in Central Siberia north of Xin- *P. SUBSESSILE (Brid.) Jur. – K, Qh, Tan 93- jiang Province. Other species of Rhizomnium with 881, 93-915 pp, a new species record. The most reli- similar pattern of distribution are R. punctatum and able feature of this species is its immersed capsules R. magnifolium. Predictably, these two species will which are subhemispheric. In P. ovatum, the cap- also be found in Xinjiang. R. pseudopunctatum is sules are oblong-ovate and exserted. The other Chi- not listed in the revised list of mniaceous taxa in nese locality of P. subsessile is Inner Mongolia (Bai China studied by Koponen & Lou (1982). It has an & Gao 1993). earlier report from Jilin Province (Gao 1977). *PTERIGYNANDRUM FILIFORME Hedw. – K, Zhu **RHODOBRYUM ROSEUM (Hedw.) Limpr. – Hb, et Zhao 93739. Zhu 93263, new generic and species records for Xin- PTILIUM CRISTA-CASTRENSIS (Hedw.) De Not. – jiang. K. RHYNCHOSTEGIELLA CURVISETA (Brid.) Limpr. **PYLAISIELLA FALCATA (Schimp. in B.S.G.) [Chen 1978] Ando – K, T, Tan 93-902, 93-914, 93-926, 93-927, R. LEPTONEURA Dix. et Thér. [Zhao 1993b] Zhao 4226, new provincial record for the genus and RHYNCHOSTEGIUM INCLINATUM (Mitt.) Jaeg. species. In Xinjiang, this seems to be a common trunk [syn. R. plumosum Thér.] [Zhao 1993a] epiphyte inside Abies-Larix forest. It is recognized R. MURALE (Hedw.) Schimp. in B.S.G. – H. by its erect, cylindric capsule with well developed RHYTIDIADELPHUS TRIQUETRUS (Hedw.) Warnst. exostome and endostome that are free from each oth- – K. er like that seen in Pylaisiella polyantha. Unlike P. RHYTIDIUM RUGOSUM (Hedw.) Kindb. – K. polyantha, the gametophyte here is larger in every **SAELANIA GLAUCESCENS (Hedw.) Broth. – Hb, aspect and possesses a different branching habit. To Tan 93-932, new generic and species records. A wide- some extent, the gametophyte of P. falcata approxi- spread boreal and subalpine species, S. glaucescens is mates Hondaella in branching pattern, leaf orienta- easily recognized by its powdery, bluish gray colora- tion and alar organization, but differs from the latter tion. However, care should be taken not to confuse it genus in having smooth and concave leaves (plicate with the equally bluish plants of Pohlia cruda. In leaf in Hondaella). Leaves of P. falcata are erect to China, S. glaucescens is also known from Heilongjiang, secund, loosely appressed, ovate-lanceolate; lamina Jilin and Shaanxi provinces, and the neighboring Ka- with a long, constricted upper portion and short, zakh Republic. A report of it from the subtropical Mt. double costa. Iwatsuki (pers. comm. 1994) first sug- Jiulong in Zhejiang Province at about 800 m elevation gested that the specimens might be P. falcata. One (Hong & Hu 1984) needs confirmation. An Updated Checklist of Mosses of Xinjiang, China 11

SAKURAIA CONCHOPHYLLA (Card.) Nog. [syn. laciniate stem leaf apex and the leaf chlorophyllose Entodon conchophyllus Card.] [Zhao 1993a] cells largely exposed towards the convex side in cross SANIONIA UNCINATA (Hedw.) Loeske [syn. section. From S. capillifolium, it differs in having a Drepanocladus uncinatus (Hedw.) Warnst.; D. unc- large terminal bud in its capitulum and, again, in the inatus f. longicuspis Z. Smirn.] – H, K, Qt, Uh. leaf chlorophyllose cells largely exposed on the con- SCHISTIDIUM APOCARPUM (Hedw,) Bruch et vex side in cross section. Stem leaves of S. teres also Schimp. in B.S.G. – K. have broadly rounded and fringed apices. S. CHENII (Lin) Cao et al. [Cao et al. 1992] ***S. WARNSTORFII Russ. – K, Tan 93-921. The S. LILIPUTANUM (C. Muell.) Deguchi – H, Ug. addition of this circumpolar species to the Chinese S. RIVULARE (Brid.) Podp. – Up. Sphagnum flora is to be welcome. With its pinkish to S. STRICTUM (Turn.) Loeske ex O. Maort. [syn. reddish pigmentation and slender appearance, S. S. gracile (Schleich. ex Roehl.) Limpr.] – Qt, Uj. warnstorfii can be mistaken for S. rubellum or S. *S. SUBCONFERTUM (Broth.) Deguchi – H, Zhao capillifolium in Kanash Lake area. However, mi- 93200, new to the province. Although the specimen croscopically, the markedly five row arrangement of is sterile, the widely ovate leaves with broadly acute branch leaves and the broadly rounded and fringed apices with or without a short hairpoint fit nicely the apex of stem leaf will help establish the identity of S. illustration of this species in Deguchi (1978) and the warnstorfii. herbarium specimens so named at FH. STEGONIA LATIFOLIA (Schwaegr. in Schultes) *S. TRICHODON (Brid.) Poelt – H, Uj, Tan 93- Vent. ex Broth. – Qh, Ug. 1290. Here we follow Cao & Vitt (1986) in accepting **TAYLORIA ACUMINATA Hornsch. – Qt, Up, Tan this as a distinct species apart from the S. strictum 93-868, 93-989, new generic and species records. Ad- complex. The other reported Chinese locality of this ditional Chinese records came from Xizang and, doubt- Laurasian species is from Taiwan. fully, the coastal Shandong Province (Z.-T. Zhao & SEMATOPHYLLUM SUBHUMILE (C. Muell.) al. 1991). We suspect that the Shandong report is Fleisch. [Zhao 1993a] based on a misidentified specimen of T. serrata, a SPHAGNUM ACUTIFOLIOIDES Warnst. [Zhao 1990] species with similar leaf morphology. S. CAPILLIFOLIUM (Ehrh.) Hedw. [syn. S. nem- **TETRAPHIS PELLUCIDA Hedw. [syn. Georgia oreum Scop., S. acutifolium Ehrh. ex Schrad., S. pellucida (Hedw.) Rabenh.] – K, Tan 93-1117, new capillaceum (Weiss) Schrank.] – K. The choice of generic and species records. The finding of this wide- this name over the apparently older S. nemoreum spread boreal moss in Xinjiang was long overdue. Scop. is well justified by Crum (1984). As stated, S. *TETRAPLODON ANGUSTATUS (Hedw.) Bruch et nemoreum is an uncertain name with no unequivocal, Schimp. in B.S.G. – K, Tan 93-903, a new species original material available for a typification and def- record. Its reported range which includes Heilong- inition. S. capillifolium is the most common species jiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Sichuan and of peatmoss encountered in Kanash Nature Preserve. Yunnan Provinces, indicates its likely presence in the *S. RUBELLUM Wils. [syn. S. capillifolium var. adjacent provinces of Xizang and Qinghai. tenellum (Schimp.) Crum, S. capillaceum var. tenel- T. URCEOLATUS (Hedw.) Bruch et Schimp. in lum (Schimp.) Andrews] – K, Tan 93-923, 93-925. B.S.G. [de la Varde 1937] This is the second common species in the minerotrophic THUIDIUM CYMBIFOLIUM (Dozy et Molk.) Dozy bog by Kanash Lake. Whereas S. rubellum is diffi- et Molk. [Zhao 1993a et b] cult to separate from S. capillifolium in many places T. PHILIBERTII Limpr. [syn. T. delicatulum var. and has been so treated as a variety of the latter, the radicans (Kindb.) Crum et al.] – T, Uh, Up. two taxa, nevertheless, appear to be distinctive in T. PYCNOTHALLUS (C. Muell.) Par. [Zhao 1993a, the study area and can be identified by the morphol- b ] ogy of their stem leaf and their overall physical ap- TIMMIA AUSTRIACA Hedw. [Zhao 1991] pearance (see Nyholm 1954-1969; Andrus 1980). T. BAVARICA Hessl. – H. *S. SQUARROSUM Crome in Hoppe – K, Tan 93- T. MEGAPOLITANA Hedw. [syn. T. shensiana C. 913. This species is easily recognized by its large size, Muell.] [Zhao 1991] bright green color and squarrose branch leaves. The T. NORVEGICA Zett. [Zhao 1991] specimen was collected from a wet trunk base inside TOMENTYPNUM NITENS (Hedw.) Loeske – K. Picea forest far from the lakeshore. TORTELLA FRAGILIS (Hook. et Wils.) Limpr. – *S. TERES (Schimp.) Aongstr. – K, Tan 93-920. Q t . This is another minerotrophic, hummock-forming peat- ***T. NITIDA (Lindb.) Broth. – Qh, Tan 93-1087, moss found in open lakeshore. The species has the new to China. This species is easily recognized by its appearance of a slender S. girgensohnii Russ. or a strongly crisped leaves when dry, with numerous bro- large, green S. capillifolium. From the former, S. ken leaf apices. In leaf areolation, it is very much teres can be separated by the absence of an erose- like T. tortuosa. Crum & Anderson (1981) regarded 12 BENITO C. TAN, JIAN-CHENG ZHAO & REN-LIANG HU it as T. tortuosa var. nitida (Lindb.) Pilous. Tortella ly grow on knotholes and fissures of tree trunks. nitida has a sporadic range across Western and Cen- Without capsules, specimens can be difficult to sepa- tral Europe, Central Asia, North America, and reach- rate from Amblystegium serpens. ing N. Africa. Calliergidium bakeri (Ren.) Grout – Lou & Zhao T. TORTUOSA (Hedw.) Limpr. – Ug. (1991) reported this species from the Picea forest in TORTULA CANINERVIS (Mitt.) Broth. [syns. Grim- Ba-li-kun County, Xinjiang, as another example of mia cucullata Lou et Wu; Tortula desertorum Broth.] the well known floristic affinity between China and – H, Qt, S. Eastern North America. The specimen cited (Zhang T. LONGIMUCRONATA Li [Zhao 1992] 1377), however, is Hygrohypnum luridum, a wide- T. MUCRONIFOLIA Schwaegr. [syn. Syntrichia spread Holarctic species. Calliergidium bakeri remains mucronifolia (Schwaegr.) Brid.] – H, Qh, Qt, Uh, an Eastern North American endemic. U p . Fissidens grandifrons Brid. – The report of this T. MURALIS Hedw. [Anonymous 1985] species in Zhao (1993a) is based on a misidentified *T. PAGORUM (Milde) De Not. – Qh, Tan 93- specimen of F. perdecurrens. Considering its total 882, new to the province. This species is easily recog- range in the northern hemisphere, F. grandifrons is nized by the presence of a cluster of papillose, ecos- likely to be present in Xinjiang. tate, leaflet-like gemmae at the stem apex surround- Giraldiella levieri C. Muell. – The report in Zhao ed by a rosette of mostly shortly obovate with round- (1993a, 1993b) is a misidentified Pylaisiella falcata. ed to retuse, but awned, apices. In spite of its broad Haplohymenium longinerve (Broth.) Broth. – The range in semi-arid and arid regions in the world, the report of this species from Kanash Lake in Zhao et al. first Chinese record was reported only a year ago by (1989) proves to be a Lescuraea incurvata. Bai & Gao (1993) from Inner Mongolia. In Xinjiang, Orthomnion handelii (Broth.) T. Kop. – Speci- only female plants were seen from an arid hillside men cited in Zhao (1993a, 1993b) is a Mnium stel- location outside the Qinghe town. For a clear species lare. The genus Orthomnion has a temperate to sub- definition, Stone’s (1971) discussion and illustrations tropical range and is unlikely to be present in Xin- should be consulted. jiang area. T. PRINCEPS De Not. [syn. Syntrichia princeps Plagiomnium affine (Funck) T. Kop. [syn. Mni- (De Not.) Mitt.] [Zhao 1993a] um affine Bland. ex Funck] – Gao (1977) mentioned T. REFLEXA Li [Zhao 1993b] Xinjiang for the distribution of this species in China. T. SCHMIDII (C. Muell.) Broth. [Zhao 1993a] Koponen (1981) stated that this is strictly an Euro- T. SINENSIS (C. Muell.) Broth. in Levier [syn. pean taxon. Its presence in China needs confirma- Syntrichia alpina (Bruch et Schimp. in B.S.G.) Jur.; tion. T. alpina (Bruch et Schimp. in B.S.G.) Bruch in P. venustum (Mitt.) T. Kop. – Zhang (1978) Breut.] – S, Un. reported this for Xinjiang. However, other Chinese T. SUBULATA Hedw. [Zhao 1993a] records of this species had been rejected by Koponen TRACHYCYSTIS MICROPHYLLA (Dozy et Molk.) (1981) who stated that P. venustum is a North Amer- Lindb. [X.-J. Li et Zhang 1979] ican Pacific Coast endemic. T. USSURIENSIS (Maack et Regel in Regel) T. Kop. Pogonatum aloides (Hedw.) P. Beauv. – Speci- – T. men of this species reported in Zhao (1993a) needs **TREMATODON AMBIGUUS (Hedw.) Hornsch. – re-examination. Hyvoenen (1989) stated that most Ug, Tan 93-962, new generic and species records. reports of this species from Asia and continental Afri- This is an uncommon species in China. Previous ca are erroneous. records are from Heilongjian, Jilin and Yunnan. The ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Xinjiang population grows on dung piles by a rocky road bank. We are grateful to the National Geographic Soci- ety for the funding support to conduct field works in VOITIA NIVALIS Hornsch. [Zhao 1993b] Xinjiang Province of China. The field companion- **WARNSTORFIA EXANNULATA (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Loeske [syn. Drepanocladus exannulatus ship and assistance provided by Dr. A. Whittemore (Schimp. in B.S.G.) Warnst.] [Anonymous 1978] (MO), Profs. Zhu Rui-Liang and Mamtimim Sulay- man, and the two drivers, Messrs. Wang Min and WEISSIA CONTROVERSA Hedw. – H, S. Amusala, are deeply appreciated. The cooperation and EXCLUDED AND DOUBTFUL RECORDS support of the University Administration and Biolo- Anacamptodon latidens (Besch.) Broth. – Zhao gy Department of East China University in Shanghai (1993a) reported this growing on rock on Mt. Bogda and the Xinjiang University in Urumqi are equally in Tianshan. The specimen cited (Zhao 2502) is Am- acknowledged. Drs. H. Ando, W. Buck, J. Lewinksy, blystegium serpens. Species of Anacamptodon usual- X.-J. Li and Z. Iwatsuki kindly determined some diffi- An Updated Checklist of Mosses of Xinjiang, China 13 cult specimens. Mrs. C. Hesterberg improved the list and provided critical comments on the species English text. Lastly, Dr. M. Ignatov kindly checked distributions in Russian Altai Region for compari- the correct authority of binomials used in the check- son.

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