DOCSLIB.ORG

Paul Flower Report on Herbicide Spraying

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Paul Flower Report on Herbicide Spraying Bitou Bush Helicopter Boom Spraying in NSW Paul Flower 2004 Bitou Helicopter Boom Spraying in NSW i Credits Elizabeth Teakle for proofreading, John Toth who provided incalculable assistance, Andrew Leys for constructive comments on the final draft, Dr. David Teakle for generous help with references and proof reading, . Bitou Helicopter Boom Spraying in NSW ii Executive Summary Helicopter spraying of glyphosate herbicides has achieved high levels of control of Bitou in many sites in NSW, but has achieved only 70 % or less kill of bitou at approximately one third of the total areas sprayed (see figure 2). The herbicides used in Bitou Helicopter Boom Spraying (BHBS) are predominantly glyphosate herbicides. Of the areas sprayed, 55% has been with Roundup®, 41% with Roundup Biactive®, and 5% of the area were sprayed with metsulfuron-methyl as Brush-Off ® Brushcontroller (see Figure 5). The factors reducing the effectiveness of glyphosate were reviewed from the scientific literature. Water stress was most commonly attributed by BHBS managers to result in low kill rates of bitou by BHBS. However other environmental conditions associated with drought, such as low relative humidity and salt build-up on leaves, have been found in studies to be important in reducing kill rates of glyphosate herbicides. Low humidity at the time of spraying can result in the solidification of the herbicide on the leaf surface and reduced herbicide uptake. The majority of native plant species monitored through BHBS with glyphosate are not considered sensitive to this procedure. A smaller number of species have been observed to be commonly killed by BHBS and are listed in this report as highly sensitive. Another set of species are heavily impacted and require an extended period to recover, and these are referred to as moderately sensitive. A list of plant species according to their observed response to BHBS has been constructed (see Table 1). The many factors which influence herbicide injury sustained by plants by BHBS with glyphosate herbicides are reviewed from the scientific literature and from monitoring studies of BHBS. A major factor reducing the impact of herbicide on sensitive plants is the effect of sheltering of smaller plants by higher canopies of leaves. Several possible factors may increase the injury of herbicide on native plants and are speculated in the review, including increased activity of pathogenic soil fungi following spraying leading to a reduction in seedling recruitment. Coincidence of high levels of sea salt aerosols deposited on leaf surfaces after spraying may increase the damage to plants after BHBS. Plants flowering at the time of BHBS are expected to be much more susceptible to damage from BHBS. The data collected from monitoring of BHBS operations in NSW has many deficiencies, the greatest of which is its incompleteness. There is no data on seedling injury in BHBS possibly because very low levels of seedling recruitment have been observed in many BHBS operations. Increased levels of sand erosion may occur after death of bitou following BHBS in some areas because of the large volumes of sand trapped by well established thickets of bitou bush. BHBS is considered to have significant potential to create chemical drift and damage off-target native plants and plant communities. Some of the factors contributing to this situation are discussed. Cumulative injury of native plants from exposure to low levels of glyphosate created by drift from BHBS is discussed. The technique of BHBS has achieved satisfactory levels of effectiveness when the aims are simply to control bitou bush. BHBS has not achieved high levels of effectiveness when gauged as a biodiversity management tool due to inadequate use of precautionary measures and the inadequate monitoring of herbicide injury of native plants. Bitou Helicopter Boom Spraying in NSW iii Contents Introduction................................................................................................................... 1 1 .0 Overview of Bitou Helicopter Boom Spraying ............................................................3 1.1 Advantages of Helicopter Boom Spraying in Controlling Bitou Bush.......................................3 1.2 The challenges of BHBS ............................................................................................................4 1.3 The Aims of BHBS ....................................................................................................................4 1.4 Where is the Uncertainty? ..........................................................................................................5 1.5 Scope for Unknown Impacts ......................................................................................................6 1.6 The Need for a More Precautionary Approach...........................................................................8 2.0 Effectiveness of BHBS in Biodiversity Management .................................................10 2.1. Factors Reducing the Effectiveness of Glyphosate .................................................................12 2.2 Control of Bitou Bush with Metsulfuron..................................................................................20 3.0 Susceptibility of Native Plants .....................................................................................22 3.1 Glyphosate Herbicides .............................................................................................................22 3.2 Factors Affecting the Phytotoxicity of Glyphosate ..................................................................24 3.3 Seedling Injury .........................................................................................................................35 3.4 Cumulative Phytotoxic Effects.................................................................................................39 3.5 Seasonal Variations in Plant Sensitivity...................................................................................39 3.6 Post BHBS Plant Communities................................................................................................41 3.7 Erosion after BHBS..................................................................................................................45 3.8 Herbicide Drift .........................................................................................................................46 3.9 Environmental Activity of Metsulfuron-methyl.......................................................................52 3.10 Monitoring of Plant Injury......................................................................................................55 3.11 Categorisation of Plant Sensitivity .........................................................................................63 4.0 Suggestions for Further Research ...............................................................................72 5.0 Recommendations.........................................................................................................73 6.0 References......................................................................................................................74 7.0 Appendices Aims of This Report.......................................................................................................................91 Bitou Helicopter Boom Spraying in NSW iv List of Figures Figure 1 Estimates of the Area of BHBS from 1979 to 2002............................................. 1 Figure 2 Effective Kill of Bitou Bush using Helicopter Boom Spraying in NSW........... 12 Figure 3 Mean Maximum June Temperatures in NSW.................................................... 15 Figure 4 Mean Minimum June Temperatures in NSW..................................................... 15 Figure 5 Herbicides used to Helicopter Boom Spray Bitou Bush in NSW ..................... 23 Figure 6 Average Wind Speed and Direction at 9am along NSW Coast ........................ 50 Figure 7 Average Wind Speed and Direction at 3pm along NSW Coast ........................ 50 Table 1 Sensitivity/Tolerance of Plant Species to BHBS of Glyphosate ......................... 64 Table 2 Tolerance of Plant Species to BHBS of Brush-off® Brushcontroller................. 67 Table 3 Susceptibility to Reproductive Impacts from BHBS........................................... 68 Bitou Helicopter Boom Spraying in NSW 1 Introduction Bitou bush is a serious invasive species of our coast and currently infests 80% of the NSW coastline and has increased by 36% from 1982 (Thomas and Leys, 2002). Bitou bush invasion has many damaging effects on plant and animal biodiversity and hence has been listed as a key threatening process under the NSW Threatened Species Act, 1995, and as a Noxious Weed in NSW. With the finalizing of the Threat Abatement Plan (TAP) for bitou bush invasion, managing authorities will be obliged to control bitou. Helicopter Boom Spraying (HBS) has been widely used to apply herbicides to bitou bush along the NSW coast over the last 10 years, with over 4000ha being sprayed. Phytotoxic effects have been observed in a number of native plant species, despite treatments occurring in winter when most native plants are not actively growing (Toth et. al., 2003; Toth et. al., 1997; Kholer and Whelan, 1993). Glyphosate has been the main chemical applied by bitou helicopter boom spraying (BHBS) which applies low rates of glyphosate in small water carrier volumes compared with other methods of perennial plant control. Spraying
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Native Orchid Society South Australia
    Journal of the Native Orchid Society of South Australia Inc PRINT POST APPROVED VOLUME 25 NO. 11 PP 54366200018 DECEMBER 2001 NATIVE ORCHID SOCIETY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA POST OFFICE BOX 565 UNLEY SOUTH AUSTRALIA 5061 The Native Orchid Society of South Australia promotes the conservation of orchids through the preservation of natural habitat and through cultivation. Except with the documented official representation from the Management Committee no person is authorised to represent the society on any matter. All native orchids are protected plants in the wild. Their collection without written Government permit is illegal. PRESIDENT: SECRETARY: Bill Dear Cathy Houston Telephone: 82962111 Telephone: 8356 7356 VICE-PRESIDENT David Pettifor Tel. 014095457 COMMITTEE David Hirst Thelma Bridle Bob Bates Malcolm Guy EDITOR: TREASURER Gerry Carne Iris Freeman 118 Hewitt Avenue Toorak Gardens SA 5061 Telephone/Fax 8332 7730 E-mail [email protected] LIFE MEMBERS Mr R. Hargreaves Mr G. Carne Mr L. Nesbitt Mr R. Bates Mr R. Robjohns Mr R Shooter Mr D. Wells Registrar of Judges: Reg Shooter Trading Table: Judy Penney Field Trips & Conservation: Thelma Bridle Tel. 83844174 Tuber Bank Coordinator: Malcolm Guy Tel. 82767350 New Members Coordinator David Pettifor Tel. 0416 095 095 PATRON: Mr T.R.N. Lothian The Native Orchid Society of South Australia Inc. while taking all due care, take no responsibility for the loss, destruction or damage to any plants whether at shows, meetings or exhibits. Views or opinions expressed by authors of articles within this Journal do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of the Management. We condones the reprint of any articles if acknowledgement is given.
    [Show full text]
  • Shoalwater and Corio Bays Area Ramsar Site Ecological Character Description
    Shoalwater and Corio Bays Area Ramsar Site Ecological Character Description 2010 Disclaimer While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure the contents of this ECD are correct, the Commonwealth of Australia as represented by the Department of the Environment does not guarantee and accepts no legal liability whatsoever arising from or connected to the currency, accuracy, completeness, reliability or suitability of the information in this ECD. Note: There may be differences in the type of information contained in this ECD publication, to those of other Ramsar wetlands. © Copyright Commonwealth of Australia, 2010. The ‘Ecological Character Description for the Shoalwater and Corio Bays Area Ramsar Site: Final Report’ is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people. For licence conditions see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This report should be attributed as ‘BMT WBM. (2010). Ecological Character Description of the Shoalwater and Corio Bays Area Ramsar Site. Prepared for the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts.’ The Commonwealth of Australia has made all reasonable efforts to identify content supplied by third parties using the following format ‘© Copyright, [name of third party] ’. Ecological Character Description for the Shoalwater and
    [Show full text]
  • Native Orchid Society South Australia
    Journal of the Native Orchid Society of South Australia Inc Urochilus (Pterostylis) sanguineus Print Post Approved Volume 28 Nº 4 PP 543662/00018 May 2004 NATIVE ORCHID SOCIETY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA POST OFFICE BOX 565 UNLEY SOUTH AUSTRALIA 5061 The Native Orchid Society of South Australia promotes the conservation of orchids through the preservation of natural habitat and through cultivation. Except with the documented official representation of the management committee, no person may represent the Society on any matter. All native orchids are protected in the wild; their collection without written Government permit is illegal. PRESIDENT SECRETARY Bodo Jensen: Cathy Houston telephone 8243 0251 work 8347 2005 telephone 8356 7356 VICE PRESIDENT Bob Bates COMMITTEE Peter McCauley Brendan Killen Malcolm Guy David Pettifor EDITOR TREASURER David Hirst Iris Freeman 14 Beaverdale Avenue ASSISTANT TREASURER Windsor Gardens SA 5087 Bill Dear Telephone 8261 7998 telephone 8296 2111 Email [email protected] mobile 0414 633941 LIFE MEMBERS Mr R. Hargreaves† Mr D. Wells Mr H. Goldsack† Mr G. Carne Mr R. Robjohns† Mr R Bates Mr J. Simmons† Mr R Shooter Mr. L. Nesbitt Registrar of Judges: Reg Shooter Trading Table: Judy Penney Field Trips and Conservation: Thelma Bridle telephone 8384 4174 Tuber bank Coordinator: Malcolm Guy telephone 8276 7350 New Members Coordinator: David Pettifor telephone 0416 095095 PATRON Mr T. R. N. Lothian The Native Orchid Society of South Australia, while taking all due care, take no responsibility for loss or damage to any plants whether at shows, meetings or exhibits. Views or opinions expressed by authors of articles within this Journal do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of the management committee.
    [Show full text]
  • J.F. Veldkamp (Continued from Page 104)
    BIBLIOGRAPHY: BRYOPHYTES 165 XVI. Bibliography J.F. Veldkamp (continued from page 104) * Books have been marked with an asterisk. BRYOPHYTES AKIYAMA, H. 1988. Studies onLeucodon (Leucodontaceae, Musci)and related genera in East Asia III. Notes on the systematic position of Pterogonium. Acta Phytotax. Geo- bot. 39: 73-82, 4 fig. — To Isobryales near Anomodon. ASAKAWA, Y. 1988. Chemicalevolution of mono- and sesquiterpenoids ofliverworts. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 64: 97-108, 16 fig. BISCHLER, H. 1989. MarchantiaL.: subg. Chlamidium (Nees) Bischl. sect. Papillatae Bischl. sect. nov. en Asie et en Ocianie. Cryptog., Bryol. Lichenol. 10: 61-79, 9 fig, 3 tab. (In French, Engl. summ.). — Marchantia emarginata group, 2 species, 5 sub- species. - — 1988. Marchantiapaleacea Bertol. Karyotype analysis. Beih. Nova Hedw. 90 (1988) 95-100, 2 fig, 1 tab. — 1988. Relationships in the order Marchantiales (Hepaticae). J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 64: 47-57, 3 tab. BUCK, W.R. 1988. Another view ofthe familial delimitationofthe Hookeriales. J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 64: 29-36,1 fig. — 5 families; key; descriptions. CAP, T. & C. GAO. 1988. Studies ofChinese bryophytes. (2). Trematodon Michx. (Mus- ci, Dicranaceae). J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 65: 323-334, 6 fig, 1 tab. — 2 species, 1 Male- sian; descriptions. CATCHESIDE, D.G. 1988. The mosses of the Northern territory, Australia. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 11: 1-17, 4 — 95 54 new records, fig. species, keys to some genera. CHANDRA, V., et al. 1987. Calobryales: Distribution andphytogeographical discussion. Geophytology 17: 227-232, 1 map. * EDDY, A. 1988. A handbook ofMalesian mosses. 1. Sphagnales to Dicranales. iii, 204 165 British London. ISBN 0-567-01038-7.
    [Show full text]
  • A Systematic Account of the Plants Collected in New Caledonia and the Isle of Pines by Prof. R. H. Compton, M.A., in 1914.Part I
    PLANTS FROM NEW CALEDONTA -4ND THE ISTJE OF PINES, 245 A Systematic Acsount of tlie Plants collected in New Ciiledonia and the Isle of Piiies by Prof. R. H. C‘onipton, M.A., in ~I)~I.-PARTI. Flowering Plants (Angiosperini). By A. B. RENDLE,L).Sc., F.H.S., F.L.S., E. G. BAKER,F.L.S., iind SPEKCERLE 31. NOORE,B.Sc., P.L.S. (PLATES13-24.) [Rend 2nd February, 1920.1 INTRODUCTION. THE collection of which the following is a systeniatic account was made by Prof. R. H. Compton in New Cdetlonia and the Isle of‘ Pines dnriiig 1914, with the aid of grants from tlie Royal Society, tlie Percy Sliicleii Trust Fund, and tlie Worts ’l’ravelling Fund of (‘ninbridge Universi tp. C’ollecting materials were also provided by tlie Cnmbridge Botaiiy School and tlic British Museum, Natural History. The sliecimens collected have been prescnted to the British Museum, where the greater part liave been determined. Prof. Coinpton liopes Inter to publish a paper or papei*s dealing with the New Cldedonian vegetation froin the slandlioints of Ecology and Geographical Distrihtion. A considerable quantity of materid WIS pre- served in a condi tion buitable for iriorphological and nnatomical research, and several papers are f‘orcshaclowccl on these aspects of sonie of the interesting forms in wliicli tile Flora of New Caleclonin is 50 extraordinarily rich. A general account, including a description of the geology, topograpliy, and clininte of the Islnnds 11ns been co~nniunicateclhy Prof. Compton to the Royal Geographical Society *. The various groups have I~etwclahoratetl as follows :--Flowering Planti : Angios~~eriiisLy Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Mackay Whitsunday, Queensland
    Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Summary: Wet Tropics, Queensland
    Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations.
    [Show full text]
  • Flora and Vegetation of the Huascarán National Park, Ancash, Peru: With
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1988 Flora and vegetation of the Huascarán National Park, Ancash, Peru: with preliminary taxonomic studies for a manual of the flora David Nelson Smith Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, David Nelson, "Flora and vegetation of the Huascarán National Park, Ancash, Peru: with preliminary taxonomic studies for a manual of the flora " (1988). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 8891. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/8891 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo­ graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.
    [Show full text]
  • DO NOT SCALE Drawn Flora and Fauna Technical Report
    470,000 475,000 480,000 485,000 490,000 495,000 Based on or contains data provided by the State of QLD EK (DNRM) 2016. In consideration of the State permitting RE use of this data you acknowledge and agree that the OXLEY C State gives no warranty in relation to the data (including CALVERT D accuracy, reliability, completeness, currency or suitability) A ! and accepts no liability (including without limitation, liability O in negligence) for any loss, damage or costs (including R 1 consequential damage) relating to any use of the data. H Data must not be used for marketing or be used in breach A of the privacy laws. N O P E O A B K C H R C O I SSING CHUR W CHB S K ANK 2 KAGARU EE WEI IP CR R RO ! L AD T PEAK CROSSING IL E R E R TR A S W S R E D IN FL AD O R 0 0 0 G 0 0 0 , IN , 5 SS 5 2 O 2 9 R 9 , C , 6 AK 6 PE VIEW L IL R R A W QUEE D N A STREE T O R G N I S S O R C K IVE A DR E N P A HM R S U A LIMESTONE RIDGE B B L A K D A O R H A 0 0 0 0 N 0 0 , , 0 O 0 2 2 9 O 9 , , 6 U 6 B N DULLAH H R EK D C O E A I CR A MAN O W D A R D OLL A S WO R O P A R I L A Y L IL O B M N IL U K M KAGARU BROOKLANDS K L E RE O D C G A A A O N R G R R E K I V L U O L P MILLBONG E I O V R R B S I T B R R 0 O 0 0 R I 0 O 0 0 , , A V 5 O 5 1 1 H E 9 9 , , T 6 E K 6 L L A A N V D D A R O O R A D BLANTYRE 470,000 475,000 480,000 485,000 490,000 495,000 Legend Railway Local Road New Track Palustrine wetlands and dams 0 0.5 1 2 3 Gazetted Corridor Road Study Area Riparian woodland Kilometres Watercourse (Major) Street Eucalypt woodland and open woodland Map Projection:
    [Show full text]
  • The Native Vegetation of Yengo and Parr Reserves and Surrounds
    The Native Vegetation of Yengo and Parr Reserves and Surrounds THE NATIVE VEGETATION OF YENGO AND PARR RESERVES AND SURROUNDS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS For enquiries regarding this report please contact This project was funded by the Central Branch, the Manager, Information and Assessment Parks and Wildlife Group, Biodiversity Survey Section, Metropolitan Branch, Environment Priorities Program Protection and Regulation Group, Department of Environment and Climate Change, Hurstville. This report should be referenced as follows: DECC (2008) The Native Vegetation of Yengo Yengo and Parr Reserves and Surrounds. Department of Environment and Climate Change NSW, Hurstville. Map data is supplied by the Department of Environment and Climate Change. Maps are copyright Department of Environment and Climate Change NSW. They are not guaranteed to be free from error or omission. The Department of Environment and Climate Change and its employees disclaim liability for any act done on the information in the map and any consequences of such acts or omissions. Photographs are copyright Department of Environment and Climate Change or the individual photographer. Thankyou to: The numerous landowners neighbouring the park who provided access through their properties and local knowledge, including John Tullock, Rod Wallace, Jack Broadbent, Jim Donavan, Ross Darby, Merv Payne, P. Trenchev, June McQueen, Dale Segut, Ryan and Leanne Lambert, Tony Harvey, Lawson Stein, Jan Scott and Noeline Smith. Published by: Department of Environment and Climate Change 43 Bridge St, Hurstville NSW 2220 PO Box 1967, Hurstville NSW 1482 Phone (02) 995 5000 (switchboard) www.environment.nsw.gov.au The Department of Environment and Climate Change is pleased to allow this material to be reproduced in whole or in part, provided the meaning is unchanged and its source, publisher and authorship are acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Species of City-Wide Significance for Conservation (2016 Update)
    Species of City-wide Significance for Conservation (2016 Update) Final Report June 2016 CITY OF GOLD COAST Speciesecology of City-wide Significance/ vegetation for Conservation / wildlife (2016 Update) / aquatic ecologyecosure / GIS.com.au | i Executive summary The City of Gold Coast engaged Ecosure Pty Ltd to undertake a review of the 2012 species of city-wide significance for conservation list and develop a decision-framework for prioritising species for future conservation management actions. Through a review of the existing criteria, updating the legislative status and scoring the base list of species for the Gold Coast local government area against the revised criteria, a draft list of city-wide significant species was established. An expert panel review of the draft species list resulted in a final city-wide significant species list containing 572 flora and 160 fauna species, from a base species list containing 1,952 vascular and legislatively significant non-vascular flora and 609 vertebrate and legislatively significant invertebrate fauna species. This species list will be used by the City to create a priority species list as part of a priority species management program. Part of the scope of this present project has been to review various frameworks to assess priorities. After an in-depth literature review and consultative process, Ecosure recommended the Back on Track Phase II methods as a suitable decision- support framework for the City. Customisation of the Back on Track Phase II methods to suit the City’s requirements are summarised in Section 3.6 of this report. Section 4 provides recommendations which have arisen during the course of this project and include for example, the timeframe for future reviews of the city-wide significant species list and decision-support framework criteria, items for consideration in future reviews and suggestions for the subsequent application of the species list.
    [Show full text]
  • Part 10 ESP Intro
    16 Cunninghamia 9(1): 2005 Benson & McDougall, Ecology of Sydney plant species 10 M a c q u Rylstone a r i e Coricudgy R i v e r e g n CC a Orange R Wyong g n i Gosford Bathurst d i Lithgow v Mt Tomah i Blayney D R. y r Windsor C t u a o b Oberon s e x r e s G k Penrith w a R Parramatta CT H i ve – Sydney r n a Abe e Liverpool rcro p m e b Botany Bay ie N R Camden iv Picton er er iv R y l l i Wollongong d n o l l o W N Berry NSW Nowra 050 Sydney kilometres Map of the Sydney region For the Ecology of Sydney Plant Species the Sydney region is defined as the Central Coast and Central Tablelands botanical subdivisions. Cunninghamia 9(1): 2005 Benson & McDougall, Ecology of Sydney plant species 10 17 Ecology of Sydney plant species Part 10 Monocotyledon families Lemnaceae to Zosteraceae Doug Benson and Lyn McDougall Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney, AUSTRALIA 2000. Email: [email protected] Abstract: Ecological data in tabular form are provided on 668 plant species of the families Lemnaceae to Zosteraceae, 505 native and 163 exotics, occurring in the Sydney region, defined by the Central Coast and Central Tablelands botanical subdivisions of New South Wales (approximately bounded by Lake Macquarie, Orange, Crookwell and Nowra). Relevant Local Government Areas are Auburn, Ashfield, Bankstown, Bathurst, Baulkham Hills, Blacktown, Blayney, Blue Mountains, Botany, Burwood, Cabonne, Camden, Campbelltown, Canada Bay, Canterbury, Cessnock, Crookwell, Evans, Fairfield, Greater Lithgow, Gosford, Hawkesbury, Holroyd, Hornsby, Hunters Hill, Hurstville, Kiama, Kogarah, Ku-ring-gai, Lake Macquarie, Lane Cove, Leichhardt, Liverpool, Manly, Marrickville, Mosman, Mulwaree, North Sydney, Oberon, Orange, Parramatta, Penrith, Pittwater, Randwick, Rockdale, Ryde, Rylstone, Shellharbour, Shoalhaven, Singleton, South Sydney, Strathfield, Sutherland, Sydney City, Warringah, Waverley, Willoughby, Wingecarribee, Wollondilly, Wollongong, Woollahra and Wyong.
    [Show full text]