Volume Xi January, 1933 Number 3
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Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 11 Issue 3 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 11, Article 1 Issue 3 1932 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 11, Issue 3 Florida Historical Society [email protected] Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Society, Florida Historical (1932) "Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 11, Issue 3," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 11 : Iss. 3 , Article 1. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol11/iss3/1 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 11, Issue 3 VOLUME XI JANUARY, 1933 NUMBER 3 The QUARTERLY Periodical of THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY JULIEN C. YONGE, Editor EMMA ROCHELLE PORTER Pensacola Assistant Editor, Jacksonville CONTENTS William Pope DuVal (frontispiece) William Pope DuVal, Pioneer and State Builder JAMES OWEN KNAUSS An Expected Attack on Pensacola, 1816 A letter of John Innerarity Annual Meeting of the Florida Historical Society Minutes Annual report of the acting president Annual report of the treasurer SUBSCRIPTION TWO DOLLARS. SINGLE COPIES FIFTY CENTS. (Copyright, . 1933, . by The Florida Published by STARS, 1932 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 11 [1932], Iss. 3, Art. 1 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF FLORIDA, THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY, THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, by GEORGE R. FAIRBANKS, FRANCIS P. FLEMING, GEORGE W. WILSON, CHARLES M. COOPER, JAMES P. TALIAFERRO, V. W. SHIELDS, WILLIAM A. BLOUNT, GEORGE RANEY. 1933 PHILIP YONGE, president ALSTON COCKRELL, 1st vice-president PETER 0. KNIGHT, 2nd vice-president T. FREDERICK DAVIS, treasurer FRANCIS WILLIAMS, recording secretary CARL BOHNENBERGER, corresponding secretary and librarian Library, Park and Cherry streets, Jacksonville DIRECTORS PHILIP YONGE, ex-officio ALSTON COCKRELL, ex-officio T. FREDERICK DAVIS, ex-officio FRANCIS M. WILLIAMS, ex-officio C. SETON FLEMING MRS. PORTER ALFRED J. HANNA ALBERT H. ROBERTS JOSEPH MARRON JAMES A. ROBERTSON Mm R. V. OTT JULIEN C. YONGE * * * To explore the field of Florida history, to seek and gather up the ancient chronicles in which its annals are contained, to retain the legendary lore which may yet throw light upon the past, to trace its monuments and remains, to elucidate what has been written, to disprove the false and sup- port the true, to do justice to the men who have figured in the olden time, to keep and preserve all that is known in trust for those who are to come after us, to increase and extend the knowledge of our history, and to teach our children that first essential knowledge, the history of our State, are objects well worthy of our best efforts. To accomplish these ends we have organized the Historical Society of Florida. GEORGE R. FAIRBANKS. Saint Augustine, April, 1857 https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol11/iss3/1 2 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 11, Issue 3 Published by STARS, 1932 3 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 11 [1932], Iss. 3, Art. 1 https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol11/iss3/1 4 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 11, Issue 3 WILLIAM POPE DuVAL PIONEER AND STATE BUILDER The life of William Pope DuVal, 1 the first civil governor of the territory of Florida, should be an at- tractive study for anyone who is interested in the colorful characters of our frontier history. He belongs to the same class of pioneers as Sam Houston of Texas. Frontiersmen of this type not only were among the vanguard as settlers but also remained long in the new settlements as leaders in their development. Hence, a study of DuVal’s life, while interesting for many reasons, is particularly important because it enables us to see a cross section of the history of Flor- ida between 1822 and 1849. He came from a line of prominent ancestors. The DuVals were of French Huguenot extraction who were forced to leave their mother country at the time of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685. Daniel, the first of the family to appear in the records of Virginia, is found in a list of settlers in Manakin Town in February 1701. 2 His son Samuel, the grand- father of the subject of this article, was a member of 1 The name is usually spelled Duval, but a great grandson of the governor, DuVal West of San Antonio, Texas, Judge of the United States District Court, Western District of Texas, asserts that his great grandfather always spelled it DuVal. This spelling appears at times in Florida records, for instance in the pen sketch of DuVal found in The Florida Journal of Apalachicola on March 17, 1841. There is hardly any doubt that this was the original French form. It may be added that another variant, Duvall, appears at times. Judge West has given me much other information regard- ing his ancestor and has obtained a copy of the portrait of Gov. DuVal which is reproduced here from the owner, Mrs. John W. Maddox, of Austin, Texas, a grand-daughter of the governor. 2 This information was given by Judge West as obtained from Huguenot Emigration to Virginia, Virginia Historical Collec- tion, V., p. 31. Published by STARS, 1932 5 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 11 [1932], Iss. 3, Art. 1 96 the House of Burgesses at the outbreak of the Revolu- tion and of the Committee of Correspondence. 3 Sam- uel’s son William served in the War for Independence and rose to the rank of captain. These DuVals were united by marriage with some of the first families of Virginia. Samuel’s wife was a Claiborne and William was married to Ann, daughter of John Pope. To this last couple was born. in 1784 William Pope DuVal. 4 As will become quite apparent in this article he was always proud of his Virginian ancestry and some of his characteristics may well have developed from this background. The little that is known of DuVal’s life prior to 1800 is practically all obtained from the writings of Washington Irving. According to him the family was residing in Richmond during the closing years of the century. Here the lad participated in all of the boyish pranks and escapades, so that his relatives considered him “an unlucky boy prone to all kinds of mischief.” The crisis came when the young fellow one evening shut a jackass in the smoke house so that he would not have the trouble to catch him on the commons the following morning; Unfortunately for William the colored housekeeper Barbara, unaware of the pres- ence of the animal, opened the door of the smoke house next morning. The jackass ran over her, scaring her into hysterics. The boy’s uncle immediately went to his bedroom and awakened him with a thrashing. The flogging was repeated whenever Barbara seemed to be worse during the next few days. Because his father apparently supported his uncle the lad became 3 From the Virginia Gazette, according to Judge West. 4 The date of his birth is not known. The exact place of his birth is not positively known. The Biographical Directory of the American Congress, 1774-1927 (Washington, 1928), gives his birthplace as Mt. Comfort, Henrico Co. Since Mt. Comfort was his grandfather’s plantation, this statement is probably true. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol11/iss3/1 6 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 11, Issue 3 97 rebellious and determined to go to Kentucky, the land of which all Virginians had been talking for several decades. Finding it impossible to dissuade him his father gave him “a long green silk purse, well filled”. After telling his sister that he would not come back before he returned as a member of Congress from Kentucky the lad set forth on his adventures. 5 When DuVal arrived in Kentucky he showed his youthful independence by avoiding the settlements in which friends and relatives lived because he feared that they might offer him assistance. He became a frontiersman and learned not only the art of hunting but also the ability to handle pioneers. He in addition became filled with the spirit of the robust individual- ism of the West, the spirit which nurtured Andrew Jackson and so many others. This training gained in the period when he was a hunter was excellent prepa- ration for the performance of the duties later devolv- ing upon his as governor of Florida. He liked the life as a hunter so well that it seemed quite probable he would become a permanent pioneer of the type so well depicted later by James Fenimore Cooper in the char- acter Natty Bumpo, the Leatherstocking. However, fortunately for Florida, the choice between being a 5 This account and most of DuVal’s experiences in Ken- tucky are taken from Washington Irving’s The Early Experi- ences of Ralph Ringwood, as found in his Wolfert's Roost and Other Stories. This may not seem to be a reliable source, al- though Irving in a foot-note declares that the anecdotes are related as nearly as possible in DuVal’s own words. Since DuVal told the story to Irving in 1834 (see Pierre M. Irving, Life and Letters of Washington Irving, II. p. 265) the danger to historical accuracy due to the lapse of time of more than thirty years is quite apparent. However, even if minor details are wrong, it is incredible that the major facts and the spirit that animated DuVal in his earlier days should be inaccurate- ly portrayed.