Bsc (Honours) Tourism Management
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Sheffield Business School BSc (Honours) Tourism Management Title Visitors’ perceptions of safety problem of Ngong Ping 360 Name YEUNG Wing Shan Student No 91204597 Month Year April 2010 Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield Business School Title Visitors’ perceptions of safety problem of Ngong Ping 360 FULL NAME YEUNG Wing Shan STUDENT No 91204597 Supervisor: Dr. Vincent HEUNG In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Tourism Management. Month Year April 2010 Acknowledgements I would like express my sincere to many people who provided support and suggestion to me for the completion of this dissertation. First, many thank for my supervisor, Dr. Vincent Heung who was guide me throughout the year. He is an experienced, patient and knowledgeable lecturer. I truly thank for his recommendation and instruction. I gained lot knowledge of tourism industry. I also like to give thank to Dr Connie Mok. She provided a lecture for touching SPSS program and explained clearly for using the program. Finally, I show my appreciation to all my friends for helping to collect the data. I believed that the research was hard to finish without their support. I Abstract Ngong Ping 360, a major tourist destination, has gained a reputation for being an unsafe transportation to travel. This study has investigated the visitors’ perception of safety and security problem about Ngong Ping 360.The purpose of this study examined the importance of visitors’ perception of safety and how they perceived safety and security in Ngong Ping, identified the effectiveness of existing safety preventive measures incidents and recommended ways for the improvement of Ngong Ping 360 services. The large number of journal has been used for reference. Quantitative research methodology has been used in this study. Face-to-face interview have been carried out in Tung Chung cable car terminal for three days in December. Finally, 120 visitors have been interviewed and a series of One-way ANOVA and independent sample t-test have been used for assessing the demographics information. A number of personal factors such as gender, age, occupation, travel purpose and nationality were found to affect respondent’s perceptions of safety and security. Based on the data, Ngong Ping 360 incident effected the perception of safety of visitors especially for foreigner. The finding was also recommended that the tourism industry reveal that increasing in the importance of visitors’ perceptions of safety and security. It is recommended that the tourism industry and maintenance agencies co-ordinate efforts to improve safety prevention measures of Ngong Ping 360. II Table of Content Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... I Abstract ....................................................................................................................... II Table of Content ........................................................................................................ III List of Tables ............................................................................................................... V Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 The use of cable car in Ngong Ping ........................................................ 1 1.3 Ngong Ping 360 & incident ..................................................................... 2 1.4 Problem statement ................................................................................... 4 1.5 Study objectives ........................................................................................ 5 Chapter 2 Literature Review ...................................................................................... 7 2.1 Definition of perception ........................................................................... 7 2.2 Safety and security of tourism ................................................................ 8 2.3 Importance of visitor perceptions of safety ......................................... 13 2.4 Destination image and attributes .......................................................... 15 2.5 Crisis management................................................................................. 19 2.6 Ngong Ping .............................................................................................. 23 Chapter 3 Methodology ............................................................................................. 25 3.1 Research Design ..................................................................................... 25 3.1.1 Primary data............................................................................... 25 3.2.1 Secondary data ........................................................................... 25 3.2 Questionnaire design ............................................................................. 26 3.3 Simple and data collection..................................................................... 28 3.4 Data analysis ........................................................................................... 29 3.5 Limitations of study ............................................................................... 31 Chapter 4 Finding and analysis ................................................................................ 32 4.1 Characteristic of the respondents ......................................................... 32 4.2 Visitors’ perception about safety problem of Ngong Ping 360 ........... 35 4.3 Visitors’ perceptions of safety after Ngong Ping 360 reopened.......... 37 4.4 Independent T-test ................................................................................. 39 4.4.1 Difference among the perception attributes of gender ........... 39 4.5 One-way ANOVA ................................................................................... 42 4.5.1 Age ............................................................................................... 42 4.5.2 Occupation .................................................................................. 46 4.5.3 Travel purpose ............................................................................ 49 4.5.4 Nationality .................................................................................. 52 III Chapter 5 Conclusions and recommendations ........................................................ 56 5.1 Conclusion .............................................................................................. 56 5.2 Recommendations .................................................................................. 57 5.3 Limitation of study ................................................................................. 59 References ................................................................................................................... 60 Appendixes.................................................................................................................. 71 IV List of Tables 4.1 Frequency table of respondents’ demographic information 4.2 Visitors’ perception about safety problem of Ngong Ping 360 4.3 Visitors’ perceptions of safety after Ngong Ping 360 reopened 4.4 Difference of safety perception variables by gender 4.5 Difference of safety perception variables by age 4.6 Difference of safety perception variables by occupation 4.7 Difference of safety perception variables by travel purpose 4.8 Difference between how visitor concerned personal safety before and after cable car incidents 4.9 Difference of safety perception variables by nationality V Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction Faulkner (2001) noted that an increasing number of disasters and crises which affected the development of tourism industry, ranging from natural to human influenced incidents. In recent years, the perceptions of visitors’ safety and security changed dramatically after the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 in United States. Visitors were more concerned about their personal safety and security when travel as well as more sensitive and aware with the security of the destination. Shin (2005) said that tourism industry extremely vulnerable to perceived political instability and lack of safety. Tourists were more concerned about personal safety and restrained travel to hostile destination. ‘Safety and security’ identified as one of the five global forces that drive the tourism industry in the new millennium. Providing quality tourism experiences which incorporate principles of safety and security became an overriding objective of all tourism destinations (Chiang 2000). Thus, tourism organization must formulate a comprehensive planning for preventing and handling crisis and disaster. 1.2 The use of cable car in Ngong Ping According to Zhang and Xu et. al. (2009), transportation systems thus form a nexus 1 between differing aspects of the tourism system. They were not only simply transport systems for the movement of people and goods, but also an experience of movement offering changing scenery, can frame landscapes through unintentional or intentional sight selection and, depending upon mode of transport, create a potential heritage product. Ngong Ping 360 can be a kind of transportation as the same time it can be an attraction and motivator to encourage visitors for sightseeing or other tourism activities.