Pride Parades and LGBT Movements : Political Participation in an International Comparative Perspective
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http://www.diva-portal.org This is a published version of a book published by Routledge. Citation for the original published book: Peterson, A., Wahlström, M., & Wennerhag, M. (2018). Pride Parades and LGBT Movements : Political Participation in an International Comparative Perspective. New York : Routledge. (Gender and Comparative Politics 5) N.B. When citing this work, cite the original published book. This work is published under Creative Commons, CC-BY-NC-ND. Permanent link to this version: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35714 Notwithstanding their relevance to the development of collective identities, as well as for the image and narrative of contentious politics, festivals or parades have not received much attention in social movement studies. This volume fills this gap through an in-depth comparative analysis of Pride Parades that uncovers the polyvocal manifestations of LGBT communities in different countries and periods. A brilliant contribution! Donatella della Porta, Director of Centre of Social Movements Studies, Scuola Normale Superiore, Italy Pride parades emerged across the globe as routine performances of LGBT collective identity. This book draws on survey and qualitative data to exam- ine parades in seven European countries and Mexico. By exploring who participates and why, how participants are mobilized, and how the parades vary depending on political context, the authors argue that Pride parades are more than celebratory performances. Rather, they are highly political, challenging not only gender and cultural norms but also larger political conditions. Verta Taylor, Distinguished Professor of Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara This page intentionally left blank Pride Parades and LGBT Movements Today, Pride parades are staged in countries and localities across the globe, providing the most visible manifestations of lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer and intersex movements and politics. Pride Parades and LGBT Movements contributes to a better understanding of LGBT protest dynamics through a comparative study of eleven Pride parades in seven European countries – Czech Republic, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK – and Mexico. Peterson, Wahlström and Wennerhag uncover the dynamics producing similarities and differences between Pride parades, using unique data from surveys of Pride partici- pants and qualitative interviews with parade organizers and key LGBT acti- vists. In addition to outlining the histories of Pride in the respective countries, the authors explore how the different political and cultural contexts influence: Who participates, in terms of socio-demographic characteristics and political orientations; what Pride parades mean for their participants; how participants were mobilized; how Pride organizers relate to allies and what strategies they employ for their performances of Pride. This book will be of interest to political scientists and sociologists with an interest in LGBT studies, social movements, comparative politics and political behavior and participation. Abby Peterson is Professor Emerita of Sociology at the Department of Sociology and Work Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. She has published extensively within the fields of social movement research, cultural sociology and criminology. Mattias Wahlström is Associate Professor at the Department of Sociology and Work Science, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. He has a PhD in Sociology from the University of Gothenburg. His research mainly concerns social movements, protest and the policing of social protest. Magnus Wennerhag is Associate Professor in Sociology at the School of Social Sciences, Södertörn University, Sweden. He has a PhD in Sociology from Lund University. His research mainly concerns social movements, political participation, social stratification and theories of modernity. Gender and Comparative Politics Edited by Karen Celis (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) and Isabelle Engeli (University of Bath) The comparative research conducted in the field of gender and politics today is more than ever resulting in innovative theory building, applying novel research designs and engaging with mainstream political science. Gender & Politics has moved from the margins of political science to the center. Given the highly critical and activist roots of the gender and poli- tics scholarship, it quasi naturally embraces intersectionality. The Routledge Gender and Comparative Politics book series aims to reflect this rich, critical and broad scholarship covering the main political science sub-disciplines with, for instance, gender focused research on political economy, civil society, citizenship, political participation and representation, governance and policy making. 1. Feminist Activism at War Belgrade and Zagreb Feminists in the 1990s Ana Miškovska Kajevska 2. Making Gender Equality Happen Knowledge, Change and Resistance in EU Gender Mainstreaming Rosalind Cavaghan 3. The Gender Politics of Domestic Violence Feminists Engaging the State in Central and Eastern Europe Andrea Krizsán and Conny Roggeband, with contributions from Raluca Maria Popa 4. Varieties of Opposition to Gender Equality in Europe Edited by Mieke Verloo 5. Pride Parades and LGBT Movements Political Participation in an International Comparative Perspective Abby Peterson, Mattias Wahlström and Magnus Wennerhag Pride Parades and LGBT Movements Political Participation in an International Comparative Perspective Abby Peterson, Mattias Wahlström and Magnus Wennerhag First published 2018 by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2018 Taylor & Francis The right of Abby Peterson, Mattias Wahlström and Magnus Wennerhag to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Names: Peterson, Abby, author. |Wahlström, Mattias, author. | Wennerhag, Magnus, 1973- author. Title: Pride parades and LGBT movements political participation in an international comparative perspective / Abby Peterson, Mattias Wahlström and Magnus Wennerhag. Description: 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Gender and comparative politics ; 5 | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018000654| ISBN 9781138202399 (hardback) | ISBN 9781315474052 (Master) | ISBN 9781315474045 (webpdf) | ISBN 9781315474038 (epub) | ISBN 9781315474021 (mobipocket/ kindle) Subjects: LCSH: Gay pride parades–History. | Gay liberation movement–History. | Gays–History. Classification: LCC HQ76.96 .P478 2018 | DDC 306.76/609–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018000654 ISBN: 9781138202399 (hbk) ISBN: 9781315474052 (ebk) Typeset in Times New Roman by Taylor & Francis Books Contents List of illustrations viii Preface and Acknowledgments x Abbreviations xii 1 Introduction: “Coming Out All Over” 1 2 The Histories of Pride 18 3 Context Matters 71 4 Who Participates? 88 5 Pride Parade Mobilizing and the Barrier of Stigma 124 6 Friends of Pride: Challenges, Conflicts and Dilemmas 144 7 Performances of Party and Politics 170 8 The Meanings of Pride Parades for their Participants 190 9 Between Politics and Party 211 List of Interviews 227 Appendix 230 Index 249 List of illustrations Figures 3.1 Homosexuality always or never justifiable, attitudes in eight countries 76 4.1 Political orientations amongst LGBT groups in Pride parades in four countries 114 A.1 Example of how an ideal-typical demonstration can be sampled 233 Tables 3.1 Contextual factors that influence Pride parades 83 4.1 The socio-demographic composition of Pride parades in eight countries, compared to national populations 94 4.2 The composition of gender identities in Pride parades in eight countries 98 4.3 The composition of sexual orientations in Pride parades in four countries 100 4.4 Socio-demographic characteristics in different LGBT groups in Pride parades in four countries. 100 4.5 Participants’ political engagement in Pride parades in eight countries 104 4.6 Political engagement among LGBT groups in Pride parades in four countries 107 4.7 Participants’ political orientation in Pride parades in eight countries 110 4.8 Political orientations amongst LGBT groups in Pride parades in four countries 113 4.9 Attitudes regarding LGBT movement strategies in Pride parades in four countries 116 4.10 Regression for attitudes regarding LGBT movement strategies in Pride parades in four countries 118 5.1 Types of information channels about the parade (%) 134 List of illustrations ix 5.2 Proportions of participants asked to join and asking others to participate (%) 137 5.3 Most important information channels, first-timers vs. returnees (%) 139 8.1 Motive types compared with previous studies 195 8.2 Prevalence of different motive types in the demonstrations studied (%) 205 A.1 Surveyed demonstrations, distributed