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European Security and NATO Enlargement
EUROPEANSECURITY ANDNATOENLARGEMENT: AVIEWFROMCENTRALEUROPE Editedby StephenJ.Blank April1998 ***** The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. This reportisclearedforpublicrelease;distributionisunlimited. ***** Comments pertaining to this report are invited and should be forwarded to: Director, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 122 Forbes Ave, Carlisle, PA 17013-5244. Copies of this report may be obtained from the Publications and Production Office by calling commercial (717) 245-4133, DSN 242-4133, FAX (717) 245-3820, or via [email protected] ***** Selected 1993, 1994, and all later Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) monographs are available on the Strategic Studies Institute Homepage for electronic dissemination. SSI’s Homepage address is: http:// carlisle-www.army.mil/usassi/welcome.htm ii CONTENTS Foreword .......................... v 1. Introduction StephenJ.Blank.................... 1 2. RhetoricandRealityinNATOEnlargement StephenJ.Blank.................... 5 3. “FromPrague”...AfterParisandMadrid JacobW.Kipp .................... 49 4. AfterMadridandAmsterdam:Poland andtheFutureofEuropeanSecurity PrzemyslawGrudzinski ............... 71 5. HungaryandtheFutureofEuropeanSecurity LaszloValki ..................... 91 6. LatviaandtheFutureofEuropeanSecurity DainaBleiere .................... 119 7. Post-MadridEstonianSecurityPolicy MartLaanemae.................. -
Telluride Newsletter
Telluride Newsletter 1976 March Volume 63, Number 3 ALUMNI WEEKEND - APRIL 23-25, 1976 In late April Ithaca has been known to produce a respectable Chairman Michael Davidson graduated from Cornell in snowstorm as easily as a run of spritely spring weather. What- 1961 and received his law degree from the University of Chi- ever the atmospheric ccnditions, Telluride Association and cago in 1964. He then served in the Peace Corps, Kenya for ADSTA are looking forward to welcoming associates and two years before becoming Assistant Counsel, NAACP Legal friends to Ithaca for the ADSTA Weekend, April 23-25. The Defense Fund from 1766-1973. At the Fund he was princi- affair promises to be stimulating as well as relaxing with a pally concerned with urban development problems as they af- varied number of activities offered from which participants fected racial minorities. He then became Director, Housing Lit- may make their choice. On page 2 you will find a schedule of igation Bureau, New York City Housing and Development weekend events. On the back page you will find a reservation Administration. Since 1974 he has been a visiting Associate fonn which you are urged to fill out and return as soon as pos- Professor of Law, State University of New York at Buffalo. sible. Please remember that wives, family and friends are also Judge Fairchild is the Chief Judge, United States Court of most welcome. Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. After attending Deep Springs, A provocative seminar is anticipated when this year's alumni he graduated from Cornell in 1934 and took his law degree at panel is convened by Chairman Michael David~on,TA58, at the University of Wisconsin in 1938. -
Bound to Fail John J. Mearsheimer the Rise and Fall of the Liberal International Order
Bound to Fail Bound to Fail John J. Mearsheimer The Rise and Fall of the Liberal International Order By 2019, it was clear that the liberal international order was in deep trouble. The tectonic plates that underpin it are shifting, and little can be done to repair and rescue it. Indeed, that order was destined to fail from the start, as it contained the seeds of its own destruction. The fall of the liberal international order horriªes the Western elites who built it and who have beneªted from it in many ways.1 These elites fervently believe that this order was and remains an important force for promoting peace and prosperity around the globe. Many of them blame President Donald Trump for its demise. After all, he expressed contempt for the liberal order when campaigning for president in 2016; and since taking ofªce, he has pur- sued policies that seem designed to tear it down. It would be a mistake, however, to think that the liberal international order is in trouble solely because of Trump’s rhetoric or policies. In fact, more funda- mental problems are at play, which account for why Trump has been able to successfully challenge an order that enjoys almost universal support among the foreign policy elites in the West. The aim of this article is to determine why the liberal world order is in big trouble and to identify the kind of inter- national order that will replace it. I offer three main sets of arguments. First, because states in the modern world are deeply interconnected in a variety of ways, orders are essential for facilitating efªcient and timely interactions. -
Lost in Annexation?
Lost in Annexation? The Causes of Russia’s Foreign Policy Choices in Crimea Anno 2014 Árni Þór Sigurðsson Lokaverkefni til MA-gráðu í alþjóðasamskiptum Félagsvísindasvið 2015 Lost in Annexation? The Causes of Russia’s Foreign Policy Choices in Crimea Anno 2014 Árni Þór Sigurðsson Lokaverkefni til MA-gráðu í alþjóðasamskiptum Leiðbeinandi: Alyson J.K. Bailes Stjórnmálafræðideild Félagsvísindasvið Háskóla Íslands Júní 2015 Ritgerð þessi er lokaverkefni til MA-gráðu í alþjóðasamskiptum og er óheimilt að afrita ritgerðina á nokkurn hátt nema með leyfi rétthafa. © Árni Þór Sigurðsson 2015 3007604579 Reykjavík, Ísland 2015 To my children, Arnbjörg Soffía, Ragnar Auðun, and Sigurður Kári ABSTRACT Russia’s annexation of Crimea in March 2014 marked a dramatic turning point in East-West relations. Likewise, it signalled a watershed in Russia’s policy in the near abroad, most importantly with Ukraine, with whom Russia has shared fate and fortune through centuries. What may have caused Russia’s resort to such an assertive move against its brother nation, violating international law in many people’s opinion, and jeopardising its renommé in world politics? The two nations’ common history and culture, and extensively shared identity, were in full play in this ‘Borderland’ crisis, and so were concrete concerns of geopolitics as the Black Sea region is of utmost significance for Russia. This study examines continuity and change in Russian foreign policy since the end of the Cold War, and inter alia considers the role of President Putin. While traditional realist balance-of-power analysis might appear to fit the Crimea case, Russia’s foreign policy choices cannot be fully explained or understood unless due weight is accorded to the historical and ideational context, in keeping with constructivist tenets. -
Kremlin's Actions in Syria
THE KREMLIN’S ACTIONS IN SYRIA Atlantic Council DINU PATRICIU EURASIA CENTER THE KREMLIN’S ACTIONS IN SYRIA ORIGINS, TIMING, AND PROSPECTS Frederic C. Hof, Vladislav Inozemtsev, Adam Garfinkle, and Dennis Ross with a foreword by John E. Herbst ATLANTIC COUNCIL 1 THE KREMLIN’S ACTIONS IN SYRIA ORIGINS, TIMING, AND PROSPECTS Frederic C. Hof, Vladislav Inozemtsev, Adam Garfinkle, and Dennis Ross with a foreword by John E. Herbst This report was edited by Barbara Frye. ISBN: 978-1-61977-957-0 Cover photo credit: Khalil Ashawi/Reuters. A boy inspects damage inside his school, due to what activists said was an air strike carried out by the Russian air force in Injara town, Aleppo countryside, Syria, January 12, 2016. This report is written and published in accordance with the Atlantic Council Policy on Intellectual Independence. The authors are solely responsible for its analysis and recommendations. The Atlantic Council and its donors do not determine, nor do they necessarily endorse or advocate for, any of this report’s conclusions. March 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Foreword 3 Summary of Conference Proceedings 8 Syria Crisis: From Chaos to Solution The Rationale and Goals of Russia’s Syria 19 Policy Russian Motives in Syria and the Implications 28 for US Policy Is it Possible to Collaborate with Russia on 38 Syria? THE KREMLIN’S ACTIONS IN SYRIA FOREWORD JOHN E. HERBST More than one analyst of recent Middle Eastern wars has argued that they seem to go on forever because their antagonists are both too weak and too strong: too weak to win, too strong to lose.1 “Too weak, too strong” could also be a fair summation of Russia’s position as it seeks to change the course of the Syrian civil war. -
The Rise & Fall of the Liberal International Order
The Rise & Fall of the Liberal International Order John J. Mearsheimer University of Chicago Paper Prepared for Presentation at Notre Dame International Security Center September 11, 2018 Please do not quote from this piece without the permission of the author, as it is not the final version. 1 The Rise & Fall of the Liberal International Order I. Introduction It is widely believed that the United States led the way in building a liberal international order in the aftermath of World War II, which has had remarkable staying power over time. Indeed, it grew markedly more influential after the Cold War ended in 1989 and the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991. Western elites see this order as a hugely positive force for promoting peace and prosperity around the globe. The tectonic plates that underpin the liberal international order are shifting, however, and it is under serious threat, maybe even falling apart. Major change to the existing order appears to be inevitable. In fact, when President Donald Trump ran for the White House in 2016, he emphasized his contempt for the liberal world order. Since taking office, he has pursued policies that seem designed to tear it down. It would be a mistake, however, to think that the liberal international order is in trouble today simply because President Trump has it in his gunsights. There are more fundamental problems at play, which account for why he has been able to challenge an order that enjoys almost universal support among the foreign elites in the West. The aim of this article is to determine what those problems are and what the future holds for the liberal world order. -
What Does Russia Think?
WHAT DOES RUSSia THINK? Edited by Ivan Krastev, Mark Leonard and Andrew Wilson ABOUT ECFR The European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) is the first pan-European think-tank. Launched in October 2007, its objective is to conduct research and promote informed debate across Europe on the development of coherent, effective and values-based European foreign policy. ECFR has developed a strategy with three distinctive elements that define its activities: A pan-European Council. ECFR has brought together a distinguished Council of over one hundred Members – politicians, decision makers, thinkers and business people from the EU’s member states and candidate countries – which meets twice a year as a full body. Through geographical and thematic task forces, members provide ECFR staff with advice and feedback on policy ideas and help with ECFR’s activities within their own countries. The Council is chaired by Martti Ahtisaari, Joschka Fischer and Mabel van Oranje. A physical presence in the main EU member states. ECFR, uniquely among European think-tanks, has offices in Berlin, London, Madrid, Paris and Sofia. In the future ECFR plans to open offices in Rome, Warsaw and Brussels. Our offices are platforms for research, debate, advocacy and communications. A distinctive research and policy development process. ECFR has brought together a team of distinguished researchers and practitioners from all over Europe to advance its objectives through innovative projects with a pan-European focus. ECFR’s activities include primary research, publication of policy reports, private meetings and public debates, ‘friends of ECFR’ gatherings in EU capitals and outreach to strategic media outlets. -
2008 Annual Report
Hudson Institute 2008 annual report Hudson Institute is a nonpartisan, independent policy research With offices in Washington and New York, Hudson seeks to organization dedicated to innovative research and analysis that guide public policy makers and global leaders in government promotes global security, prosperity, and freedom. and business through a vigorous program of publications, con- ferences, and policy briefings and recommendations. Founded in 1961 by strategist Herman Kahn, Hudson Institute challenges conventional thinking and helps manage strategic Hudson Institute is a 501(c)(3) organization financed by tax- transitions to the future through interdisciplinary studies in deductible contributions from private individuals, corporations, defense, international relations, economics, health care, tech- foundations, and by government grants. nology, culture, and law. CONTENTS 4 Message from the Chairman, CEO, and President 6 International Security, Foreign Policy, and Global Affairs 20 Economics, Trade, and Science 24 Society, Culture, and Philanthropy 27 Hudson New York 28 Hudson History and Herman Kahn 30 Outreach 33 Hudson Institute Press 35 Support for Hudson 36 Finances 37 In Memoriam 38 Hudson Scholars and Centers 40 Hudson Leadership “Hudson Institute is one of America’s foremost policy research centers, known and respected around the globe, a leader in innovative thinking and creative solutions for challenges of the present and future.” –HENRY KISSINGER 2008 annual report 3 Message from the Chairman, CEO, and President F inancial upheaval, a historic presidential elec- denced by the introduction of significant legislative re- tion, turmoil in the oil markets, and the threat of a form to combat sex trafficking; the willingness of former nuclear Iran dominated the news in 2008. -
American Grand Strategy and the Liberal Order Continuity, Change, and Options for the Future
BUILDING A SUSTAINABLE INTERNATIONAL ORDER A RAND Project to Explore U.S. Strategy in a Changing World HAL BRANDS American Grand Strategy and the Liberal Order Continuity, Change, and Options for the Future Perspective EXPERT INSIGHTS ON A TIMELY POLICY ISSUE C O R P O R A T I O N Contents The Liberal Order and Postwar American Grand Strategy ....................................2 Examining Individual Administrations ....................................................................4 American Strategy and the Future of the Liberal Order .......................................11 Grand Strategy and the Liberal Order in the Years Ahead ................................. 13 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 25 Notes .................................................................................................................... 29 References ........................................................................................................... 34 About the Author .................................................................................................. 37 The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This -
Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements
C O R P O R A T I O N Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements Bryan Frederick, Matthew Povlock, Stephen Watts, Miranda Priebe, Edward Geist For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR1879 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-0-8330-9863-4 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2017 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface The escalation in tensions between Russia and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) since 2014 has led to numerous proposals to enhance U.S. -
European Security and NATO Enlargement
EUROPEANSECURITY ANDNATOENLARGEMENT: AVIEWFROMCENTRALEUROPE Editedby StephenJ.Blank April1998 ***** The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. This reportisclearedforpublicrelease;distributionisunlimited. ***** Comments pertaining to this report are invited and should be forwarded to: Director, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 122 Forbes Ave, Carlisle, PA 17013-5244. Copies of this report may be obtained from the Publications and Production Office by calling commercial (717) 245-4133, DSN 242-4133, FAX (717) 245-3820, or via [email protected] ***** Selected 1993, 1994, and all later Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) monographs are available on the Strategic Studies Institute Homepage for electronic dissemination. SSI’s Homepage address is: http:// carlisle-www.army.mil/usassi/welcome.htm ii CONTENTS Foreword .......................... v 1. Introduction StephenJ.Blank.................... 1 2. RhetoricandRealityinNATOEnlargement StephenJ.Blank.................... 5 3. “FromPrague”...AfterParisandMadrid JacobW.Kipp .................... 49 4. AfterMadridandAmsterdam:Poland andtheFutureofEuropeanSecurity PrzemyslawGrudzinski ............... 71 5. HungaryandtheFutureofEuropeanSecurity LaszloValki ..................... 91 6. LatviaandtheFutureofEuropeanSecurity DainaBleiere .................... 119 7. Post-MadridEstonianSecurityPolicy MartLaanemae.................. -
Download Report
COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS ANNUAL REPORT JULY 1, 2005 - JUNE 30, 2006 www.cfr.org New York Headquarters 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021 Phone: 212-434-9400 Fax: 212-434-9800 Washington Office 1779 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20036 Phone: 202-518-3400 Fax: 202-986-2984 Email: [email protected] Officers and Directors, 2006-2007 Officers Directors Officers and Directors, Emeritus and Honorary Peter G. Peterson* Term Expiring 2007 Chairman Fouad Ajami Leslie H. Gelb Carla A. Hills* Kenneth M. Duberstein President Emeritus Wee Chairman Ronald L. Olson Maurice R. Greenberg Honorary Vice Chairman Robert E. Rubin Peter G. Peterson*! Vice Chairman Thomas R. Pickering Charles McC. Mathias Jr. Richard N. Haass Laura D'Andrea Tyson Director Emeritus President David Rockefeller Term Expiring 2008 Janice L. Murray Honorary Chairman Martin S. Feldstein Sen/or Vice President, Treasurer, Robert A. Scalapino and Chief Operating Officer Helene D. Gayle Director Emeritus David Kellogg Karen Elliott House Sen/or Vice President, Corporate Affairs, Michael H. Moskow and Publisher Richard E. Salomon Nancy D. Bodurtha Anne-Marie Slaughter ^*^ Vice President, Meetings BC Term Expiring 2009 Irina A. Faskianos Wee President, National Program Madeleine K. Albright and Outreach Richard N. Foster Suzanne E. Helm Maurice R. Greenberg vT^^^^M Wee President, Development Carla A. Hills*t Elise Carlson Lewis Joseph S. Nye Jr. Wee President, Membership Fareed Zakaria and Fellowship Affairs JJLt\>,Zm James M. Lindsay Term Expiring 2010 j^YESS Wee President, Director of Studies, Peter Ackerman Maurice R. Greenberg Chair Charlene Barshefsky Nancy E. Roman Stephen W. Bosworth Wee President and Director, Washington Program Tom Brokaw yJ§ David M.