INSTMTION Southern Regional Education Board, Atlanta, Ga

DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 249 729 EC 170 841

Tii Recreation for the Mentally Retarded: A Handbook for Ward Personnel. INSTMTION Southern Regional Education Board, Atlanta, Ga. SPONS ,GENCY National Inst. of Mental Health (DREW), Bethesda, Md. PUB DATE 64 GRANT NIMM-M11-644 NOTE 214p.; This Handbook was developed as part of the Attendant Training Project. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use Guides (For Teachers) (052)

/MRS PRICE MF01/PC09Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Games; *Mental Retardation; Music; *Play; *Recreation; *Recreational Activities; *Residential Programs

ABSTRACT Designed primarily for use by ward personnel in residential facilities for the mentally retarded, the manual presents an overview of recreational services. Four papers introduce the importance of recreation and consider approackas for its provision: "Why Recreation?" (W. Lawler); "The Role of the Attendant in Providing Recreation for the Retarded" (F. Chapman); "Selecting Activities to Fit the Retarded" (G. Bensberg); "The ABC's of the Fourth 'R'" (V. Dobbins). The remainder of the handbook is composed of descriptions of active games, music and rhythm activities, quiet and table games, arts and crafts, and homemade games and equipment that are suitable for use with mentally retarded individuals. Entries list information on the number of participants, play area required, and play procedures for each activity. (CL)

*********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * *********************************************************************** RECREATION FOR THE MENTALLY RETARDED A Handbook for Ward Personnel

Prepared by

SREB Recreation Committee The Attendant Training Project

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L This Handbook was developed as pan o Attendant Training Projezt and is supported by research grant MH-644 L1.1: from the National institute of Mental Health.

I-NC ....,, Ia, Contributors

Hen W. Barker, MA., Director of Rehabilitation Services, Maryland State Department of Menial Hygiene, &dilative, Maryland.

Gerard J. Bensberg, Ph.D., Director, Attendant Training Project, South- ern Regional Education Board, Atlanta, Georgia.

Frederick M. Chapman, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Recreation, Uni- versity of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Virginia Dobbins, M.A., Patient Activities Director, Bryce State Hos- pital, 7ilICIA19045a, Alabama.

John Duke, M A., Director of Cottage Lik, Arkansas Children's Colony, Conway, Arkansas.

Noland T. Hibbett, M.A., Director of Adjunctive Therapies, Clover Bottom State School and Hospital, IA,nelson, Tennessee.

William T. Lawler, M.A., Superintemknt, Travis State School, Austin, Texas.

Coutes Stuckey, B.S., Superintendent, Pin crest State School, Pineville, Louisiana. 19M, by the SREH Attendant Training Project. All rights reserved; no part of this handbook may Geneva Tucker, A.B., In-cottage Training Director, Sunland Training be reproduced in any form without permission Center, Gainesville, Florida. from the Attendant Training Pmject. Mary D. Voigt, R.N., M.A., Att;;adant Training Director, Austin State J School, Austin, Texas. 4 Recreation For The Mentally Retarded was developed as Foreword part of the Attendant Training Project sponsored by the South- ern Regional Educates Board. From the beginning, the success of the project has depended unon the cooperation and participation of the staffs of the 35 state residential facilities This handbook is designed primarily for useby the ward located within the Southern region. 4The administrators of personnel in residential facilities for thementally retarded. these facilities have not only given freely of their time but These personnel may be referred to as cottageparents, attend- have also encouraged their staffs to provide assistance in If ants, nurses aides, psychiatricaides or matrons. These are the variety of ways. personnel who staff the wards, cottages, ordormitories where The enthusiastic response of the Participating institutions the retarded sleep and frequently spend mostof their waking reflects the growing awareness an0 k eeptance of the impor- hours. Because of the variety of termsused in different states. tant role played by the attendant. The professional staff and it is not possible to select onewhich would be acceptable to other personnel, such as those in food service, provide helpful all Although the term attend- and necessary assistance to the retarded. However, it is the ant is nxessarily the most attendant or cottage parent who is likely to spend the most de ive nor most widely time with the retarded individual and who hums the closest usedit will be used through- relationship with him. out thandbook-. Clearly, the For many years, the role of the attendant was viewed as a Cimmittee intends that it be custodial one. He was expected to meet the basic physical used in its broadest meaning. needs of the resident. This included feeding, bathing, clothing Not only does the word "attend" mean"to wait upon," but and providing supervision to prevent the residents from injur- also "to meet the needs of ...." ing themselves or others. We now know and accept the con- A similar problem in terminologyarises when we refer to cept that the retarded individual has all of the needs of the the retarded. In someinstitutions, they are referred to as pa- normal or gifted person. He needs not only the food and pro- tients and in others as students. tection which may sustain life but he also needs a life to live. Quite often they arcunofficial- The attendant is one of the major resources for providing the ce;i7, lyreferredtoaschildren, kind of acceptance and emotional support to make life mean- IOW whether they are eight or eighty ingful. The attendant is also the perm: who can provide 11." "40% , years of age.The term resident opportunities for the resident to learn more about himself, the will be used in the handbook to enviromAnt in which he lives, and how to get along in that refer to the retarded livingin environment. .- a residentialfacility. Other handbooks are now being developed to provide assistance in areas of training and physical care. This handbook focuses upon recreational activities which can be carried out by attendant personnel. It should prove of value to others wile .!. may have anopportunity to work with theretarded in day Acknowledgements care centers,schools, camps and socialclubs. In writing the introductorychapters which dealwith the principles of recreation aswell as in the selectionof games and activities which follow, everyattempt was` made tokeep the material simple andpractical. Because of this, anyinter- ested person should beable to use the handbook as aguide in leading recreational activities,without help from thosetrained Many individuals and organizations made major contribu- in recreation. However,it is likely to be much moremeaning- tions toRecreation For The Mentally Retarded.The Chair- ful if such training isprovided. In the institutionalsetting, it man gratefully acknowledges the invaluable assistance and wouldseem highlydesirable for the recreationdepartment to support of the SREB Recreation Committee; Mr. Ben Barker, developashort course In wardrecreation for the attendant Miss Virginia Dobbins Mr. John Duke, Mr. Neland C. Nib` personnel.This could be done as partof the formal attendant bets, Mr. Coates Stuckey, Mrs. Geneva Tucker, and Miss training program. Mary D. Voigt. The attendant does notfunction in a v4cuum.He has pros- The assistance and cooperation of SREB through the com- sures appliedfrom the administration,the professional staff, petent leadership of Dr. Gerard J. Bee berg, Director of the the supervisors and theresidents themselves. Allof these in- Attendant Training Project, has contributed to this publication dividuals make demands uponhis time to carry outvarious in a most significant way. We particularly wish to acknowl- tasks and ward procedures.Although institutions varyin their edge the contributions of the superintendents and staffs of the resident/attendant ratio, nonewould agree that theyhad suf- institutions throughout the nation for their submission of ma- ficient personnel to carry outall of the desirable programs. feria], recommendations and evaluations,. However, if the value ofrecreation is appreciated,time can The Chairman is grateful to Mr. John Placke, Recreation be found, even in the mostunderstaffed facility, fororganized Director of Travis State School, both for using and evaluating play and free play.Encouragement and supportfrom the ad- this material with attendants and residents prior to final pub- ministrative and professionalstaff are required ifthe attend- lication. The Committee is also indebted to the secretaries ant is to carry outthese activities. of the Chairman; Mrs. Frances M. Fonck, and Dr. Bensberg This handbook isdedicated to those for whomit is intended. Miss Eugenia Maxwell and Miss Josephine Yde for their May the psychiatricaides, matrons, nursesaides, cottage efforts throughout the entire project. parents, child careworkers and attendantsfind it useful in Finally, the Committee is indebted to the National Associa- achieving the goals which mostof them have for theresidents tion for Retarded Children, The Gracewnod State School and living on their units.My deepest appreciationis extended to Hospital, and the Sunland Training Center at Marianna for providing photographs which appear in this handbook. the HandbookCommittee and particularlyits Chairman for making this publicationpossible. William T. Lawler,Chairman Gerard J. Bensberg SREB Recreation Committee 8 Explanation Index of Index

Page Contributors The members of the Recreation Committee feltthat it was ry to rank the activities according tothe level of the child because: ( 1 ) the attendant should knowwhat games Foreword ii and activities are suitable for his residents;and (2) if a re- striction was placed on any activity, thismight tend to cause be challenging and the attendant not to Use those which could Acknowledgements stimulating to his raidents. The decision toeliminate such coding was also due to the different classification systeMsused by various institutions. Observation hasalso shown that activities used by one institution may not be bestsuited for Explanation of Index vi

The blanks on the left (in theactivities section) are pro- vided for the convenience of each institution or agencyusing Why Recreation?William T. Lawler this handbook. It permits the insertionof coding information which would be of most help and guidancein choosing activities. An institution might wish to code onthe basis of the The Role of the Attendant in Providing Recreation severity of retardation. Or, it mightbe helpful to indicate for the RetardedFrederick M. Chapman . . l whether or not the activity is suitablefor ambulatory, non- ambulatory or wheelchair residents. Theseblanks may also be example, each insti- used to rate the individual activities. For Selecting Activities to Fit the Retarded tution may wish to develop a code system to coverthe excel- lence of the individual activities orwhich activities might be Gerard J. Bensberg 20 used on specific wards or cottages.This may be a joint endeavor of tlw witinistraticm, trainingdeiiartment, recreation personnel and aaendants. This shouldmake the handbook The ABC's of the Fourth "R"Virginia Dobbins1. 32 more worthwhileand more easily used on the wards. iQ ii Coding Coding Information Active Games Page Information Active Gaines Page 1.Airplane 44 33. Hot Potato b4 2. Backward Line Race 44 34. Jack Be Nimble Lag 35.Kickball 65 3. map And Bottle Relay. 45 66 4.Ball Hustle Overhead . 46 36. Lame Duck Relay 5.Ballow' Bust. . . . . 46 37. Leap Frog 67 38. Log Roll Relay 67 6.Basketball Shooting . II 47 68 7.Bean Bag Race . . 48 39.Milk Bottle Throw .. 68 8.Blow Them 0% . . . 49 40. Nose and Toes Tag 9.Bounce the Be' 50 41. Obstacle Race 69 10.Bowling 50 42. Ocean Wave 69 70 11.Bringing Home the Bacon. . . 51 43. Old Nag 12.Bull in the Pen 52 44.Pit Bowling. 71 13.Cat and Rat 52 45.Pitch the Ball 72 73 14.Catch as Catch Can 53 46.Plate Stack 74 15.Crossing the Brook 53 47.Play Train 16.Dodge Ball 54 48. Rag Relay 74 17.Dog and Bone 54 49. Red Light . 75 50. Red Rover 75 1 K.Donkey and Fiddler . 55 . 76 19,The Donkey's Tail 56 51. Ring Throw or Ring Toss 52.Rolling a Log 76 20.Drop the Clothes Pins. . . 56 53.Scavenger Hunt 77 21.Drop the Handkerchief . 57 22.Duck Walk, Bear Walk, Crab Walk .57 54. See Saw Marjorie Daw 77 . . 78 23.Flying Dutchman 58 55.Shuffleboard 79 24.Follow the Leader 58 56.Soft Ball Throw 25.Fruit Basket Upset 59 57.Spin the Plate (or bottle) . 79 80 26.Greeting Game 59 58.Squirrels in Trees 59. Stocking Knocking 81 27.Have You Seen My Sheep . . . 60 . 82 28.Hen and Chicken 60 60. Tug of War . 29.Hide the Thimble 61 61. Washer Toss. . 82 83 30.Hit, Bounce and Catch . . . 62 62. Wheelchair Basketball 31.Hop Scotch 63 63. Wolf Over the River 83 . . 84 12 32.Hop, Step and Jump . . . . 64 64. Helpful Hints 13 71* Coding Coding Information Music and Rhythms Page Information Quiet and Table GamesPage

65.Bouncing Balls to Music. . 92 95.Play Look . . 115 66.C'hoo-Choo . 92 96.Pass the Thimble 116 67.Cooperation. 93 97.Peas Porridge Hot 117 68.Did You Ever See a Lassie? . 94 98.Picture or Object Matching .117 69.Link Sally Ann 94 99.Poor Pussy . .118 70.London Bridge 95 100.Potatoes 119 71.Looby Lou (Hokey Pokey) . 96 101.Push-out Cards 119 72.Marching 96 102.Red Circle 120 73.The More We Get Together. 97 103.Rock School 120 74.The Mulberry Bush 98 104.Rolling Ball 121 75.Musical Chairs 99 105.Simon Says . . .121 76.Get Acquainted Musical Chairs 100 106.Storytime Turn-a-round 122 77.Musical Statues.. 100 107.This Is My Face. . . 122 78.Musical Quiz 101 108.Tit Tat Toe. . .123 79.Musical Red Hot 102 109.What Am 1" 124 $0.Pop Goes the Weasel . . .103 110.Whisper Round (Gossip) .124 $1.Row, Row, Row Your Boat. .104 111.Who Has It?. . .. .124 82.The Seed Cycle 104 112.Other Suggested Quiet Games $3.She'll Be Cumin' Round the And Activities . . . 112 Mountain 105 84.Simple Rhythm Bands 106 Arts and Crafts 85. 107 Sing Alongs 113.Bell Sticks . .130 86.Skip Tag 107 114.Block Printing 131 87.Where Is My Head 107 115.Blocks 131 $8.Helpful Hints . .108 116.Boats 111 117.Braiding 132 Quiet and Table Games 118.Candy Express 132 149. Cross Questions 112 119.Canvas TOM Tom 134 90.Dolls 112 120.Carts 135 91.Figures on Cards . 113 121.Clock 136 92.Guvs a Color . .113 122.Crepe Paper Flowers 137 93.Imitate Animals and Birds .114 123.Cultivating A Sweet Potato Vine...138 14 94.Laughing Hyenas 114 124.Drawing With Crayons. . 138 Coding Coding Information Arts and Crafts Page Information Arts and Crafts Page 159 125.Easter Baskets 138 158.Seasonal Poster 159.Silhouette 161 126.Easy Garden . .140 160.Soda Straw Jewelry 161 127.Eggshell Planter 140 162 128.Finger Painting 140 161.Spatter Painting 162.Spin Top 163 129.Fruit Bowl 141 163.Stringing Beads 163 130.Go To Sea . .142 164 131.Greeting Cards 142 164.Tambourines 165 132.Hand Puppets 144 165.Wall Plaques 133.Hats 144 Homemade Games 134.Hot Plate. . . .146 and Equipment 135.inverted Flower Pot 147 136.Jewelry Box . .147 Introduction To Homemade Games 137.Letter or Napkin Holder. .148 And Equipment 168 1314. Magic Mix (Clay Dough). 149 166.Ball Rolling. . . 169 139.Make a Menu 149 167.Ball Rolling Game 170 171 140.Make a Parachute 150 168. Block Rolling Game 169.Bull Board . . . 172 141.Making A Pencil Holder . .150 170. Coke Bottle Game 173 142.Mask 150 171. Clothes Pin Game 1.43.May Basket 151 172. Dice Board . . .1741731 144.Metal Shakers 152 173. Disc Toss . . . . 175 145.Milk Carton Garden 152 174 Lucky Strike Board 176 146.Modeling Clay Jewelry. . 153 175. Matching Bottle Caps 177 147.Nature Jewelry 154 176. Moon Face Throw 178 144.NoveltyJewelry 154 177. Penny Pitching Board 179 149.Paper Carton Play 154 178. Ring Toss-A-. . 180 150.Paper Cutting 154 179. Ring Toss-B-. . 181 151.Paper Doilies 155 180. Saucer Board. . 152.Paper Doll . . .156 181. Shufflebttrd-A-. .183 153.Pasting Picture Plaques .156 182. Shuffleboard -B- . .184

154.Pet Show. . .157 183. Shuffleboard -C- 185 155.Rain Rattle . . .157 184. Table Croquet . .118186 156.Rhythm Paddle 158 185. Table Pool .187 157.Sandnaner Blocks . .159 186. Wall Peg Board. .188 I

Appendix Page Why Recreation? Appendix A:Service and Professional Organizations .190 Appendix H:General Publications on Mental by William Lawler Retardation and Recreation 190 Appendix C:Arts and Crafts 194 The definitions of recreation used today are about as nu- Appendix D:Music and Rhythms 195 Appendix E:Sources of Equipment and Supplies . 195 merOus as the benefits which come from this wholesome use of Appendix F:Residential Facilities Participating in leisure time. It is most difficult to give any one clear and com- the SRER Attendant Training Project.198 plete definition of recreation, since it means different things to different people. What is considered recreation by one person may be, work for another. A doctor living insuburban Chicago onceremarked that his wife considered digging in her flower garden as recreation, while he considered it simply as hard work. His conception of recreation was sitting in his rock- ing chair on his back porch sipping a coke and watching his wife do the digging. Why did these two individuals look at the same activity so completely differently? The doctorhad grown up on a farm in Alabama where "workingthe soil" was his means of a meager livelihood as a youngster andhe now re- belled against such activity. His wife had been raised in a crowded apartment section of Chicago where live flowers were almost unknown, and she enjoyed this change in her surround- ings and mode of living. Digging in the soil and growing beau- tiful flowers were fun to her and enriched her life. From this

is 2 3 example, one may easily define recreation as fun and enjoy- Play is very important to a child because it is a way of ex- ment received from doing some activity. The writer has always pressing himself. It is very important to his growing up proc- felt the following definition, simple as it is, most appropriate: ess. His entire world centers around play. It is a time when "If it's fun, it's recreation!" Another definition of recreation social and character values are woven into his personality. might be: "Any form of leisure time experience or activity in Recreation constitutes an outlet for many needs. Take ag- which an individual engages because of the enjoyment and gressiveness as an example. The desire to pick, push, punch, satisfaction it brings to him." stretchto show we are men and women, or boys and girls--- - With the shorter work week, entire cities and large indus- is healthy when controlled but unhealthy when out of control. tries have developed extensive recreation programs for the Certain forms of recreation offer socially acceptable outlets "profitable use of leisure time." Such activity programs are for this need to theft who would svek them. Another need rapidly being accepted as of utmost importance for social, often met by recreation is that physical and psychological development, as well as for mental of "belonging." It is shown by stimulation and emotional Width. The use of recreation to wanting to belong to a gang, a reduce juvenile delinquency and other problans encountered family, a club, a committee, or by both youth and adults is generally accepted favorably by an athletic team. People like to the public today. Surely it can be said that recreation should feel, "This is my group, they be one of the important aspects of our way of life for increas- need and want me, and I want ing our ability to adjust to and enjoy the world around us. them." Another purpose of Thus, recreation is very personal and does not mean the recreation is the satisfaction it same thing to all people. We can think of an activity as recre- provides in creative activities. I. ation only when the activity gives satisfaction to certain desires The development of social skills and understanumg is es- and needs. Professional baseball, as a vocation, is not recrea- sential to pleasant group living and the residents for whom we tion fur the player. However, watching it may clearly consti- provide. As institutional employeesand certainly as attend- tute recreation for the spectator. Everybody has preferences antswe must realize the importance of recreation for our and dislikes, so just engaging in an activity is not necessarily residents and increase our efforts toward providing such ac- recreation. Consider the father tivities for those entrusted to our care. We cannot fulfill our who mows the lawn at the end 14. obligations to the residents nor ourselves until we do. A fuller, I of a hard day's work and de- happier and more worthwhile life for an will be our reward. tests it. while his six-year-old Meeting the recreation needs of the retarded is not always son runs beside him with a toy simple. We would like to see recreation become an entirely lawnmower having a wonderful voluntary experience for this group, but we all know that this time! The important thing is sometimes fails. Many residents will act voluntarily while oth- what the activity does for the ers, if left alone, will sit and do nothing. Of course,all of us individual, not what the in- te may be passive spectators at times, but referencehere is to dividual does for the activity. the chronic non-participants. Motivation is necessary to make 20 21 4 5 them want to participate. We, therefore, have two chief obli- sighted and imaginative personnel with limited funds. Like- gations in planning meaningful recreation for the mentally wise, some of the poorest programs are carried on by disin- retarded: first, to offer participation for as many as will take terested, unimaginative personnel with almost unlimited budg- part; and second, to motivate and expose the disinterested to ets. We must accept this one factthe resident needs and many forms of recreation in order to help them participatein deserves the best we can give him regardless of funds and those activities best suited to their own needs and interests. other limitations. We, as Fofessional staff and attendants, also Recreation should not only be therapy, in its strictest mean- need to know for our own satisfaction that we have given those ing, but should also give to the resident experiences which aid entrusted to our care everything within our power which will in his development. Perhaps you have a shy or withdrawn resi- faker maximum social, emotional, and intellectual growth dent on your ward who is rather slow and does not participate and happiness. readily. He sometimes can be reached by bringing him into a Many times we too readily accept the traditional recrea- simple group activity. For example, using a rope, to which the tional activities such as movies. sports, dances, and the like, residents hold onto and raise over their heads and lower, gives as the major part of our activity program. This should no the feeling of working together and having a neighbor. It is longer be accepted without examination. The changing char- simple, and yet, it is a start. From this meager beginning, acter of our resident populations will dictate that recreation movement to more advanced activities may bepossible. be geared to serve more severely retarded individuals. We are It is very important to realize that recreation may not al- also prone to ignore certain' areas because they require ex- ways serve its basic purpose. We are often tooready to say, pensive or special equipment which our budgets will not allow. "lie is musically inclined so let's put him in the music pro- For example, many people would like to see a game room in gram." This may be all-right if we do not stop here. Certainly, their institutions, equipped with shuffleboard sets and other efforts should be made to include residents in a varied program similar devices. However, they give up the idea because funds of enjoyment. However, that which may appear to us to be will not permit it. The same thing applies in Ow case of special recreation may be complete misery for the resident. He must equipment for the more severely retarded. Where funds are he the one who chooses when possible. It is our responsibility not available for providing the very best in equipment, initia- to be ready to evaluate the resident's recreationalneeds and tive and ingenuity must take over to develop substitutes which capabilities and, when necessary, modify his individual pro- will serve the same general purpose. We do not need $600 gram of activities. shuffleboard sets when our maintenance departments can pro- Each of us is interested in what might be done to offer our vide very functional equipment of a similar nature for less than residents better recreation; however, too many of us often lack $10 per unit. Many other pieces of equipment fall into this the initiative and creativity to develop activities or equipment same category and can be made at such a low cost that they necessary to conduct such activities onthe limited budgets we may be made available to all buildings, not just the recreation have. Too, we often focus on that group of residents who can area. Many of these improvised "institution-made" games ac- adapt to specific activities of our recreation program rather tually serve the needs of special groups of retarded better than than focus on ways to adapt our programs to the residents. the original or more expensive commercial units. For one Some of the best recreation programs are developed by far- thing, their size and parts can often be tailor -made to fit the 22 23 t. 7 specific situation. For example, they can be made the right living for years in on abnormal one? An institution should be height for wheelchair residents or the correct width to fit be- operated on the principle that every resident, regardless of his tween beds on the bedfast wards. We must first deters: lethe mental ability. is an important human being to be given every reeds of our residents and then develop those 'program and possible freedom and opportunity with which he or she can facilities which meet these needsregardless of limitations. cope. The building should be "open" whenever possible and Imagination and ingenuity will continue to be our greatest the residents given freedom on the grounds as much as pos- assets in developing and expanding our program of activities sible. Many children enter an institution with so many failing for the residents as well as ourselves. Let's use them! experiences in their past that they cannot stand many mime, Some institutions seem to operate their recreation activities not even a defeat in a baseball game. They very much need on the old fallacy, ". .a prtwam for the program's sake," the therapy derived from free play, as well as the sort of play rather than for tlw sake of the residents. For example, one in- they get in organized gamezi. Recreation in an institution is stitution visited by the writer has a large and well equipped not a waste of time, Thad it is not something to which we send gymnasium as well as large playrooms on each cottage. Their residents in order to get rid of them. It is ar important part activities included swimming, roller skating, Scout work, of the institutional program and should always be considered movies, horseback riding, television, an excellent music pro- as such. gram (including glee clubs, choir, band,piano, etc.) and To find adequate time for recreation in a busy institutional many others. To many of you, with limited facilitiesand per- program, filled as itis' with school work, chores, personal sonnel, this must undoubtedly sound wonderful. Properly used, duties, and religious services, requires very special planning. there could be no objection to any activity found and certainly The exact amount of time a resident needs for recreation is a the personnel and facilities were adequate. However, with the disputed question. However, it is generally agreed that a mini- attitude that existed within the institution, the entire program mum of two and a half hours a day is essential for the younger amounted to a simple use of spare time. Furthermore, there residents. Four hours would actually be better. At least half was no opportunity to develop the social skillsand character of this time should be devoted to active or out-door recreation. required to get along with members of the opposite sex in a The rest may be spent in quieter activities, indoors or out, in socially acceptable manner. There were no dances, no social reading, table games, music, television, dramatics, etc. Part of activities with mixed groups, no mixed partiesnothing with the older residents' time should be devoted to organized team a normal setting. The buildings were open,but the residents play in games like volleyball, baseball, or spent in such group were not actually allowed freedom onthe grounds. They were activities as hobby classes or putting on a play. This should escorted in segregated groups to every activity. be coordinated with the rest of the institution program. Each It is our responsibility to do our best to rehabilitate (per- child should also have some part of the day to play alone or taps habilitate would be a better word) as many residents as in activities of his own making. In an institution where oppor- possible. This may enable them to return to the community tunities for individual initiative arc limited by circumstances, having learned more mature social skills. How can this be done this time for free play is particularly important. It is one of if we treat the residents abnormally while in the institution? the child's best channels for developing his capacity for inde- How can they ever adjust to a so-calk d normal society after pendence and resourcefulness. 25 94 9 8

long before they were able to go to thecommissary and return with very little guidance on the part ofthe attendant. ln addition, they had fewer incidents of temper tantrumsand clothes tearing. in another institution, the severelyretarded were not permitted to take bus rides because it wasfelt they would wet or mil the bus seats.After some urging this waspermitted and remarkably few incidents of this naturehave been reported. These were supposed to be "untidy"patients. With the rapidly increasing number ofprofound and severely retarded residents, ward recreation isbecoming more imps- tam. The ward or cottageis home to many suchresidents, so why should they be deprived ofthe normal activities other Most of the residential facilitiesfor the mentally retarded Meeting these needs for fun in the profound residents enjoy in their homes? now have 70 to80 per cent of the residents and social development is oneof the major responsibilitiesof (dependent) and severe (trainable)levels of retardation. It 75 per cent of our resi- ward personnel. would be wonderful if we could return Television, which most of you have on yourbuildings, has the case of the mentallyill. Re- dents to the community as in met a need you wereformerly unable to meet withlimited search, in the future, may give us somebetter solution to the need for ward movies in most this staffs. It has also eliminated the training or treatment of theseindividuals. However, until the cottages by resident bandsand to meet the needsof cases. Musical programs on happens, we must plan our programs musical groups from high schools andcolleges are entertain- those who remain in the institution, aswell as those who are opportunity to talk withoutsiders Recreation with the severely re- ing and give the residents an going to return to society. and make new friends. Weekly ormonthly volunteer parties tarded not only adds to thehappiness of the residents,but excellent and good for publicrelations. A providing on the cottages are helps them learn newskill3, reduces illness by volunteer can sell your institution tothe public where you wholesome exercise, and reducesbehavior problems making often may fail. Other activities that areeasily arranged are them more manageable. school retarded were never permit- horseshoes,washers, In one institution, the severely parties, volunteer religious serv- ted to go to the commissary tobuy candy or drinks. They were particularly since they would not ices, off-campus trips to ball felt to he unmanageable, etc. also assumed that they would not games,fairs,circuses, keep their clothes on. It was Never pass up an opportunity particularly enjoy the experience.An interested attendantob- teach the boys to "earn theright for a special occasion such as tained permission to try to Easter, Fourth of July, Hallo- to enjoy thisactivity." When he firstbegan, they could not by tying a rope ween, Christmas, an4 Inde- even line up andwalk together. He started out pendence Day. Give the resi- they had to walk in a line.After a period, to each boy and dents extra variety by schedul- holding mi to the rope was allthat was required. it was not 9g 11 10 ing street dahces, Sadie Hawkins' dance, carnivals, bingo par- The Role of The Attendant ties, watermelon festivals, and many other such activities that raise the morale of the entire resident body. Ball-rolling In Providing Recreation boards, wheels of fortune, bowling booths, ring toss booths, With The Retarded doll chunking shelves and many other types of carnival equipment may be made by carpenter shops or in manual training by Frederick Chapman classes at very little expense. Volunteers can collect prizes for the carnivals and help run them. This is something festive and Nine guideposts describe the role of the attendant in his adds color to the lives of the residents. work with the mentally retarded. Follow these concepts and and those you Remember, social adjustment canes before rehabilitation your work will provide untold benefits for you and no one in the institution can do more in this field than serve! attendants and recreation people. They can give confidence to Your Relationship to the Treatment and TrainingTeam all the residents, those who remain in the institution as well as The staff of an institution is a functioning unit which CAR those who are rehabilitated to productive economic living. provide coordinated services for those who need specialized Some people say that institutions go to extremes to give their help. Good team performance requires individuals with spe- residents more recreatiot, than people have on the outside. cialized training and responsibilities. Visualize a ball game Perhaps they doit is hoped so. They deserve more to replace with nine team members. Important positions on the team are other normal things they cannot possibly have. Your answer held by the dietitian, nurse, occupational therapist, psycholo- to a person asking the question should be: "Would you trade gist, recreation specialist, social worker, physician and the places with ourresidents?" "Would you?????" teacher. Additional help is also needed from many others such

MossesNot Re Al 1 NUMMI roreessil Itz Diehima

as volunteers and parents. However;the attendant is an important and necessary member of this team.His influent= 28 upon the life of the retarded residing on as unit cannotbe underestimated. 29 13 12

Knowing those with whom we work is essential in order to lixted athletic, social, literary and group activities. Meaningful make progress. The attendant cannot operate in a vacuum and recreation activity that involves some routine. repetition, col- needs the support of other specialists in order to gain the best or, incentive and fun can help the resident in your cottage or response and improvement in the residents. Ittakes many ward. hands to secure satisfying results on the job. Attitudes on the Job What to Expect from Recreation Activities The attendant who has the proper attitude toward his job Whatever one does in leisure time that is free, enjoyable, will not only help his residents but also will find his work wholesome and without force can be described as recreation. more rewarding. Let us look at Since this is refreshing and lifts the spirits, noticeable results twoattendants: ;/ - can he observed in the resident's behaviorand adjustment. Mr. Brown views his work as Our goal is not to develop athletic skills or artistic creations, a clock-punching routine. He but to aid in the imiividual's personality and social bettermemt. carries out very few recreation- The attendant should use spca-ts, games and socialactivities al activities and considers his 1 as means toward ends. The ends orgoals we peck are better main job as keeping his ward physical and mental development as well as social adjustment. clean and the residents quiet Recau.se the attendant is such an important person in thelife and orderly. Those under his charge may become restless and of the resident, the manner in which he presents theactivities prone to mischief accidents, and general deterioration. will make the program a success or a failure. Mr. Jones sees his career as Participation in a variety of recreational activities helps to a humanitarian endeavor.He produce a healthy body. The boy or girl will become less over- knows the residents in his cot- weight and better coordinated when opportunities for walks. tage and takes pride in their ball games, and other physical activities are available.Even daily improvement. His work exercises can be fun when played like a gam and accanpa- is actually easier because the nied by music. This can be a highlight of the morningwhen residents respond and cooper-* directed by the attendant. ate. Mr. Jones is respected by Residents become more his fellow workers. He is sought after and finds that promotion graceful with better motor de- and satisfaction characterize his role as an attendant. velopment when recreat'-mal Six commonly accepted attitudes that could ftadopted by activities are led by the attend- attendants working with the mentally retarded are: Orw'sgrace,balance, ant. 4.Patience strength, coordination, fitness, 1.Active friendliness and charm depend upon oppor- 2.Kind firmness 5.Sense of humor 30 tunities of participation in se- 3.Concern 6.Acceptance 31 14 15

The attendant who works with the mentally retarded should Traits that Characterize Leadership invariably exemplify the attitude of active frkendliness. Boys, The attendant who doesa good job and who finds satisfac- girls, men and women tend to cooperate and respond better tion in his work usuallypossesses the following characteristics to the understanding attendant who shows initiative and and abilities: warmth in the activities of every day. Positive personal and kb attitudes kind firmness is necessary in order to keep the group work- Ability to organize his work ing and playing together as well as to help the resident learn to adjust to rules and standards. You should be ctmsistent in Job skills your daily discipline and procedure. Concernand supervision Residents respond best to an enthusiastic leader who findshis is particularly necessary during free play. Not only does this job personally rewarding. Daily dutiesneed to be organized help prevent accidents and residents from hurting each other to include directed activities and free play in additionto "row but it also lets the resident know that you are interested in tine ward procedurtm." The participation and interestof the him and his activities. Patience is required to be satisfied with attendant will encourage the residents toaccept and enter into slow progress and to adjust to the petty annoyances which the activities with enthusiasm. frequently arise. A sense of humor will go a long way toward gaining the respect and cooperation of tlm residents. To par- Types of Recreation Activities ticipate in their play and to laugh at your own mistakes as A balanced program includesa variety of activities under well as to see humor in many of the leadership of those who work day-to-dayon the ward. Fol- their activities makes your job lowing are ten program areas that constitute the field ofree more complete. Your accept- reation: ance of eflich retarded person 1.Arts and crafts on the ward as a human being will automatically cause you 2.Audio-visual activities (films, records, etc.) to behave in a positive manner. 3.Dances This does not mean that you 4. Drama (plays, acting out stories, etc.) love them as your own children. 5.Hobbies and special interests Nor does this mean that you 6. Music do not get annoyed with them. 7. However, you respect them as Nature and outings peopleworthyofreceiving S.Social recreation your best. 9.Special events (holiday festivals, circus, etc.) 10.Sports and games The attendant can lead various activities withinany of these 32 areas with success. Skillful programming requires a balance 33 16 a7

between physically active events (softball, dances, etc.) and pattern of rules gives fair recognition to each player. When quitter relaxing activities (crafts, watching sporting events, children misbehave, they need to be taught the difference be- etc.). The retarded can be exposed to several activities each tween right and wrong. A responsibility of the attendant is to day that are varied and easily directed by the attendant. teach values that respect law, authority and democratic judgment. Now to Get Response from Participants When participants do not follow established practices and disregard the rights of others, these principles should be con- In order to develop a readiness for participation, it is neces- sidered: sary for the attendant to carry out some preliminary planning. Persons react best when all conditions are favorable to fun A. Counsel and talk with the offemkrimmediately and and enjoyment. Some hints for obtaining a good response are in private if possible. Be stern yet kindly in explaining described in these five considerations: the importance of cooperation. I. EnvironmentCheck for all favorable environmental con- B.Restrict privileges. This penalty when explained wrid ditions. The total surrounding includes: a. comfortable carefully followed through is one of the best methods temperature; b. proper space for activity; c. appropriate of punishment. clothing; d. minimum of distracting noises. C.Often the troublemaker will respond to recognition and 2. Supplies-EquipmentHave supplies and suitable equip- responsibility. (For example, you might let him be a ment ready in advance. kader or a scorekeeper.) Eliminate (from an activity) and reject the person (from the group) as little as 3. TimingCoordinate withotherinstitutionalroutine. possible. Aimfur a minimum of conflict with other scheduled events. Try to stimulate free play when you have to be Seasons and Holidays in Recreation busy with other tasks such as taking inventory. 4. RulesClearly explain directions. Demonstrate how the A part of any great country's culture is that of holidays and other festive seasonal events. The world of the mentally re- game should take place. Stop the activity when the resi- tarded must also include this concept. The institutional com- dents are still at a high point of interest so that they will munity also serves as an extension of American life. Such look forward to doing it again with a recollection of fun times as Valentine's Day, Easter, Independence Day, Thanks- and enjoyment. giving and Christmas need to be remembered in the cottages. 5.Set Examplepo the activity with the players. Do not sit These seasonal events can also be joyous and fun as a total on the sidelines and watch. Get into the spirit and swing ward event for residents and attendants. They provide an of the eventand enthusiastically participate yourself!

Making Discipline Work Recreational participation requires team effort and adher- ence to a set of irs. The game of life works best when a 111 19

avenue for gay and meaningful sharing. stitutions have found that their residents, when exposedtoan The attendant functions as a parent in alerting children to organized program of recreation,were better behaved and the decorations, prizes, gifts and true occasions of holidays. adjusted to life in general. Residents haveampted their rou- This positive approach will developa real group feeling. This tine work tasks and other demandsmore graciously when feeling of belonging to the group can do much to enhance games, crafts, parties, and special events were regularly avail- loyalty and cooperation of children and adults. Therecrea- able. Not only does this makeyour job easier; it makes yqur tion specialist in the institution can do little in total institu- job more meaningful. Youare no longer "just a housekeeper" tional cooperation without the significant support of theat- but a positive and therapeuticperson influencing the retarded tendants. person's development. The attendant is truly the keyto the future. This man tw Now Recreation Makes Me A ttentiant's Career More Satisfying woman can provide the inspiration, devotion and enthusiasm that are needed for toted commitmentto well directed recre- The daily life of a person in a home cr school for the men- ation activities. The future of the attendant is indeed tally retarded is distinguished by time and passing days. These bright and more rewarding through the therapeutic andcooperative weeks, months and years can be fulfilled with a new world of benefits of recreation. planned activity. The potential of recreation is unlimited in bringing rewards and benefits. Recreation serves foremost as an aid in the adjustment and betterment of handicapped persons. Other than this primary objective, it can provide opportunities for creativity, acceptable outlets for aggressive behavior, reduplication of community life and refinement of physical skills. All of this leads toward a more complete person capable of at least partial ful- fillment of citizen responsibilities. It is easier and more relaxing to associate with persons who have felt the joys of refresh- ment and recreation. The resident of a school or hospital for the mentally retarded will be a better individual as result of a planned recreation program. Such total dedication to worthwhile activities requires more than the services of recreation therapists and specialists. Those who know children best through day-to-day observation are the intendants. The routine demands made of the attendant in any period of time could be trying and repetitious. Recreation can be a breath of sunshine that brightens each week. Many state in- 36 21

Selecting Activities to Fit flirt!. to Six Months the Retarded During the first threeor four months of life, the infant's by Gerard J. Bensberg primary need and interest isto eat and sleep. However, he does show that he enjoys the comfortsof fording. and cuddling It was pointed out in the previous chapters that recreation as well as other tries of attention fromadults such as vocal play. shank! provide fun and relaxation. Rational activities This may show itself by the in- should also help the person to learn additional social and fant becoming quiet when he physical skills. Some thought needs to be given regarding the has been cryingor by smiling selection of games and activities if these are to be fun, as well flameNil as to help the person grow and mature. and waving his arms in thecase I Tlw retarded vary widely in age and ability. Many raiuded of play. During this period, he p.0(.0 also have physical handicaps which prevent them from par- beginsto follow movement ticipating in certain activities. An additional factor to consider with his eyes and he watches' in selecting activities is the personality of the child. Some chil- sun rays through the windowor dren are very shy and withdrawn. Such children might feel a mobile attached to his crib. Evenat this aff, music scans more at case in a small group activity or in one not requiring to soothe him and sudden loud noises frightenhim. them to be the center of attention. Some children are-very ag- During the four to six monthperiod, the infant makes rapid gressive and cannot be trusted with dangerous objects such as strides in development. Perhapsthe two mast important skills knives and hammers. Some retarded play better in an organ- which he acquiresarc the ability to reach for and graspan ized activity requiring few individuals. When they are in large object and to sit. He beginsto show a more direct social re- groups playing very active games, they become overlyexcited sponse of smiling when a familiar faceappears or when he is and, "nervous." bounced and handled vigorously. Heloves attention andmay Play in the Normal Child cry to be held. He will hold and bang toys suchas a rattle or in normal children, interests change and new abilities are ring. acquired as they mature. In many ways, the retarded person acts like a normal child of the same mental level. Forexample, Six Months to One Year the retarded person may be 20 years old but have a mental ability of a normal four-year-old child. The retarded person's During this period, the normal infantleaves the cribor ability to understand, how long you can hold his attention and pallet and begins to crawl (at ninemonths), to pull up (at ten his ability to get along with others are apt to be similar to months) and to stand alone (at twelvemonths). The mother that of a four-year-old. Although we cannot make an exact soon learns to put out of reach things whichare breakable. It comparison simply on the basis of mental ability, a knowledge is also during this period that theinfant picks up all small of the typical interests and skills of normal children will prove objects within his reach and brings themto his mouth. This helpful in selecting and conducting recreational activities with requires additional supervision from hismother and a constant vigil to keep such things the retarded. 38 as pills and pins out of reacbj 22 23

It is at this time that the infant shows a greater understand- tionately. One of his favorite ing of the behavior of those about him. He begins to show activities is sand play, and he fear of new situations or new faces. He smiles when watching willfill and empty a pail of or participating in a game of sand. By this time, the child is pat-a-cake or peek-a-boo. By beginningtoimitatethose one year of age, he has learned about him and may attempt to to control the release of objects. sweep with a broom. He is now Because of this, one-of his fav- able to throw and may create orite activities is that of picking problems with his toy throwing. up clothespins and dropping The play of dm eighteen-month-old continues to be of a them into a can. He shows a solitary nature. He is beginning to note other children but he greater interest in details and turns asmathand bell over to is apt to treat them as objects rather than persons. If they `are examine its clapper or he fingers the buttons on his shirt. The in his way he is apt to push them down or strike out at them. average one year old has an oral vocabulary ofabout three A feeling of possessiveness toward his toys has begun, and he words. However, a child understands more words than he has no understanding of sharing. Although he is able to point can speak. to objects in picture books, if left alone with books he is apt The child's play at this age is still primitive and self cen- to tear the page*. His spoken vocabulary has now reached tered. He is unable to do anything for very long before losing about twenty-two words. interest. He may become overly excited if he is stimulated Eighteen to Thirty Months too long in a vigorous activity such as bouncing. The two-year-old is still not cooperativewithanother child. He will cooperate more with an adult who is more tolerant Twelve Months to Eighteen Months and permissive with him. His play has entered into a new During this period, most children learn to walk, Because of phase, however. This phase is called parallel play because he this, the whole house or play rod is opened up to the child will sit beside another child and may imitate his activities. for exploration. It is a trying age for mother because heis However, even though he seems to enjoy being around another beginning to exert his independence. Toward the end of this child he still will not share nor can he wait his turn. One period he may enter into a negative phase and it seems that moment he may hug and kiss his only word is "no!" He is easily frustrated and screams the child beside him, and the when his mother tries to ft= him into some activity. He may next moment he may strike at begin to remove his clothes at this age. Not when the mother the child in order to get a toy. wants him to, of course. Perhaps his favorite activi- Although he is not apt to remain in any one activity for ties are those involving lots of very long, his play is beginning toshow more meaning. He energy and little patience or loves to carry around stuffed toys and may hug them affec- skill. Such things as running, 40 24 25 climbing, and sliding would rank high. However, he does ex- The Four-Year-Old hibit some rather mature play such as taking his doll to the toilet or taking her for a ride in the baby buggy. He can string The four-year-old showscon- large beads. Finger painting and looking at picture books will siderable growth in coordina- hold his attention for a while. By thirty months, his spoken tion. He runs withmore skill vocabulary is about 450 words. He is now speaking in short and balance and is beginningto sentences. Sand play continues to be popular and he will make learn to hold anduse a pencil mud pies out of sand or mud. Unfortunately for those who and scissors. He is able tocopy have to clean him up, a considerable amount of "mud dough" a square and draw a highly is apt to get on him. primitive man. Hecan cut paper with scissors but cannot followa straight line. He can The Three-Year-Old button front buttons and lacehis shoes. Most four-year-oldsare more interested in children than This age is usually considered a delightful one by mothers. in adults. However, their playdoes not go smoothly fora very He has left his negative phase and entered into a more co- long period at anyone time. The four-year-old is aptto be operative frame of mind. He loves to please and will 4.io little loud and boisterous. He enjoysengaging in silly word play chores about the house. His comprehension of language has and rhyming, suchas "ooshy-wooshy." This age group has grown and he will now follow simple directions. Much of his learned that some wordsare naughty and they are apt to em- play centers around the theme of "playing house." barrass their parents in using taboowords around others. They The three-year-old is begin- also are inclined to call theirparents names when mad. ning to form attachments to Their play has assumeda more imaginative and dramatic children his own age. There is nature and deals with the house, thestore or the hospital. The also an ability to play coopera- four year old loves outings, suchas picnics. Group games are tively with other children. How- enjoyed if the rulesare simple and the game is an activeone. ever, their play is apt to be Most four-year-olds willnow share. Although they may count stormy and requires supervis- higher, most do not havea good numerical concept beyond ion. Although he gets along four things. best with only one child, he can enter into group play, particularly if this play is led by an adult. The Five-Year-Old He still prefers vigorous activities such as riding a tricycle, The five-year-old ismore patient and calm. His social poise swinging, and climbing. He loves parties, particularly the has matured a great deal and heplays well in smallgroups. "food" part. He shows a longer attention span and will sit and He is better able to follow the rulesof the game and tries to finger paint or play with clay. He makes well controlled marks be helpful. with a crayon but does not draw recognizable figures. He will His sand play is more purposefuland he constructs roads clap his hands or sway in response to music. and bridges. He is beginningto learn to use more ccmeated A0 26 27 toys such as roller skates and between the sexes in play. Boys are especially interested in. jump rope. The interests of the carpentry and girls in dress-up games. boys and girls are becoming Boys are now learning to different. Boys are more inter- bat and to pitch. They also ested in the use of simple tools continue to like activities such and girls in doll play. as running and climbing and The five-year-oldis show- "cops and robbers." The girls ing an incre...sed readiness for like hop-scotch and paper dolls. school. His drawings are becoming more recognizable and he ( Both sexes enjoy puzzles, magi- is able to copy letters and numbers. Games requiring the skill cal tricks, and swinging. of matching colors or forms hold his interest for some time. \ OP lie can sing and dance to music. The Eight- Year -OW The eight-year-old is now able to play organized games with The Six-Year-Old established rules. They take part in competitive games and are The six-year-old has become very competitive minded. He able to lose with grace. They are usually much more coopera- loves to put many of his games on a contest basis. The six-year- tive in taking turns. old wants prizes and to win games. He is frequently "bossy." Their increased maturity shows itself in better coordina- He engages in very little solitary play. However, even though tion. The girls are able to sew in a straight line and the boys he wants friends, he is still quite self-centered. There is little can use tools in fixing and making things. This is the gadget concern fur the welfare of the group. age. The eight-year-old also likes to collect things such as The six-year-01d is 'able to cut out pictures atid to paste rocks, butterflies, or models of cars. them to make "books." He is able to skip to music and likes rhytiim games. Tinker toys and erector sets will hold his in- Interests and Skills of the Retarded .-A, wrest for a considerOle period. He is now able to hammer a In the previous section, we have traced the development of nail, but holds the hammer a typical child from birth to eight years of age. The retarded next to the head. Ball play, tag, child goes through similar stages but at a slower rate. The and hide-and-seek are favorite profoundly retarded person may be so handicapped that even games. He is now able to play as an adult, he does not develop beyond the level of a normal six-month-old infant. The person who is mildly retarded may 44. simple table games such as be only slightly behind the normal child in develorainnt. He . dominoes. 461 } to:6 may have normal interests and near-normal physical abilities The Seven-Year-Old by the teen years. The seven-year-old has more social maturity and is lessde- Graph I shows the age when six children are able to per- termined to have own way. Time tends to be more division form various tasks. These children have different p.ia of 44 28 29 mental development. One child who is quite brightwill learn Graph I the child of average to push a baby buggy six months before Age when various abilities ability. he is two years ahead of the retarded childwho falls appear for six different children ABILITIES in the trainable orseverelevel of intelligence. You can see profoundly re- from this graph that there are many things the Cooks Builds tarded child will never be able to do becauseof his marked I 1 retardation. Tyre is some evidence however, thatwith the Toe- -Serve j_ 40 proper type of stimulationand training, a retarded person may learn to do morecomplicated things than would be ex- PrintsCounts ; pected on the basis of his mental age. However, the sequence f of learning is apt to be the same as that of thenormal child. Handicrafts / In selecting recreational activities for the retardedchild or adult, you can be guided by your observationsof him. Observe SingsDances how he handles his body, his legs, his hands, aswell as the nature of his speech. Somechildren do not walk because of a Hisleanst,pa -seelt physical handicap such as cerebral palsy. However, most re- tallied children are slow in learning newskills simply because eillbwith Scissors they do not yet have the mental ability todo ti mm. How- ever, do not select onlythe activities which the child does Likes "drawsUp" well. Recreation should help children developby stimulating interest and providing a chance to learn newskills. With this Cooperative play in mind, you should frequently present himwith new activities which are just beyond his ability at the moment.It is tempting Dramatic play togivehim those games which he likes and knows how todo. However, this does not help him mature.Although the Parallel play retarded child or adult may not show much progress atfirst, re- pewed short practice sessions will usually payof with success. Pusheshussy

Pulls toys

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LIFE AGE 31

30 difficulty in learn- 4. Older retarded aresensitive about their and adults are aware like to play gamesthey think are Even fairly severelyretarded children ing. They may not by chang- other children.Because of this, "baby" games. This maybe partially overcome that they do notdo as well as and by yourparticipation in the playing "baby" games.Unfor- ing the name of the game they are verysensitive about in keepingwith simple, game withthe group. tunately, theirability may be more physically handicapped.A be done by therecreation 5. Try to findactivities for the to nursery levelactivities. Mach can often be changed topermit the handicapped of oar women game can he can do to leader to overcomethis difficulty. A group play. If this is notpossible, find something three years mightrefuse doesn't have to be with a mentaldevelopment of two or feel a part of the group.An activity Handkerchief." However,if it were pre- to be good.The child with aphysical to play"Drop the an organized game guidance Boyfriend," they might enter handicap such as cerebralpalsy, neeei special senti31 as a game,"To Find Your You must helphim to help °ceramicthis added problem. into the gamewith enthusiasm. requires creative for theretarded to learn to do asmuch for himselfas possible. It The attendant mustbe particularly understanding to standback and wait asthe physically handicapped. patience and person whois nut onlyretarded but struggles to manipulatehis body. How- often be of helpin suggesting child painfully better co- The nurse orphysician can ever, thisis necessary ifhe is to become which will enablethe person to sitand equipment or restraints in ordinated. activity. Manyactivities are presented to understandthe interests,abili- participate in some 6.Although you should try yourself which can bechanged to fit thehandicap. of the retarded,do not try to put this handbook of ties and feelings retarded child mayenjoy possible. you canusually find some way in his place.The profoundly Where this is not might be able splashing in water.These activities may participate. Forexample, they tearing paper or getting them to the non- senseless and uncreativeto a normaladult. serve asthe cheeringsection. Getting appear to keep score or involved in verysimple ambulatory residents outof bed and References rolling over, isjust as important asgetting activities such as Development.New York: child to playbaseball. Garrison, Karl C.,Growth and a brighter 1959. Longinans, Green, New Gesell, Arnold, and11g, Frances L.,Child Development. Reminders: ward or cottage. York: Harper, 1949. each child oradult on your Karnes, Merle B.,Kirk, Winifred13., You 1. Get to know with his body,his speech, Kirk, Samuel A., Notice what heis able to do Child.New York:Macmillan, 1961. understand. Thisinformation will be and Your Retarded and his ability to development. helpful in selectinggams: s athis level of activities stickthe resident doeswell, pre- 2. In addition to from time totime. sent newand moredifficult activities sessims to see progress,but this helps It may take many behavior prob- develop andhelps eliminate the child to small steps. lems. Teach acomplex game in the more in- and moreretarded the person, 3.The younger Keep theformal play dividual attentionhe requires. 49 amens shortand vary theactivities frequently. 48 33 32

The ABC'sof the ATTENTION SPAN Keep in mind that the attention span of theseresidents Fourth R is very short. Be ready to change activitieswhen ins est lags. Any activityinvolving much mental effort slisuW be used near the beginning of the periodwhik by VirginiaDobbins they are fresh.

Schoolhouse, BREAKDOWN The three R's taught inthe Little Red In teaching a more complex game, such asfootball, Readin', "kiting and'Rithmetichave long beenacknowl- with a training of an in- break it down into sections. Fur instance; start edged as a nec essaryfactor in the successful pitcher, catcher, fielskr and batter. Whenthe ball is it' dividual. The fourth R,Recreation, has taken struck, rotate positions. Later, start themrunning bases school, place in more recent years.Everyone who has at Use the same. the three R's. and finally work into the regular game. has a fair klea of theprocedure fur beginning method with other team games. However, many are at aloss when confrontedwith the task of planning andconducting recreation.Time and again the will play if given a statement hasbeen made that children do and do not COMPETITION chance or that adultsknow whet they want to Many of time residents like to play gameswhich will. field of recreation need anyone to showthem. However, the involve competition. In most of theirefforts they are offers so many enticingside roads, it is a heard for them is so broad and from really seeking approval, therefore, it is shame not to take folks on ascouting expedition away to accept defeat. Try to stressthe cooperative side of the old, familiar rutwhich is all they know. these games rather than the competitive.Be as liberal facilities for the mentally In the case of thosein residential in your praise of good sportsmanship as you arefor leadership because, retarded, it is doublyimportant to have skillful playing. If possible, arrange for it tobe a group and have not had fur the most part,they are not self-directive individual. forms of games or winning or losing rather than an the opportunity toexperience very many other leisure-timeactivities. Remember,it is not merely a leisure-time activity, butalso an opportunityfor physical, DRILL mental and socialgrowth. Have a short for con- Drill is a sorry pill, but a necessary one. To you, the attendants, onwhim the responsibility drill period each time to remind them ofwhat any these fundamental ducting this programwill fall, we pass on have already learned. This is monotonous toclean, but and more mean- ABC's in the hope ofmaking your task easier it is the way they learn the rules. ingful. 50 51 35

HANDICAPPED EQUIPMENT "handicapped" means disabledaninability, important for theseresidents be- The word Equipment is more to competesuccessfully in all areas of life. aninability cause theyneed tangible things tousetheir imagina- living conditions. One of ourbeliefs Also, they find itdiffiCult to share to adjust to normal tion is very limited. in this democracy isthat each individualshould hive a piece riequipment. The idealsituation would be. to limit of his capacity. could have something to opportunities to develop to the have enough so each person has been mostsurcessful in but this would involve morestor- One woman in England play with by himself, helping retarded children.She worked on thetheory than is usually available.One solution is to age space that most people never useanywhere near all their ca- hang as much of theplay equipment onthe wall as trained drawers mild be pabilities, consequentlyif thew children were possible. A storagecabinet with deep their abilities to thefullest they would be lot of storage spacewithout to really use built that would provide a able to function bythemselves. In a small way,the using much floor space. recreation program canaid your residents todevelop all of their capacity. FREE PLAY Every age needs timefor free play as well as adirected enjoyment of theirfree tune can be INSTRUCTIONS program. The Be sure youunderstand the activityyourself. Make greatly helped if theirimaginations arestimulated by yourinstructions as simple andbrief as possible. Dem- stories during theplanned program.During this period If it is to be a which they can onstrate with afew people, if needed. of free play, theyneed to have toys them into positionbefore tell- should be encouraged to circle or law game, get manipulate. Older residents ing them the rest ofthe directions. express thei owndesires and provisionshould be made to give them everyopportunity to beself-directive. JUDGMENT "E;;ery day is a judgment day, let us useplenty of conducting of the recreation pro GROUPS of a group and The planning and 4 All of these residentswish to be t part particular group is going tobe left tt that they learn how toshare in gram for your it is most important judgmentideas are(resented in this manual Some of themrespond so poorly that your group activities. but the selection ofthe ones which sillbe best suite( leave them out notrealizing that justbeing we tend to for your program is yourproblema challenge and a. a part ofthe crowd means somuch to them. It is most important to see to itthat erwh residentunder your opportunity. limit. care findshis place andparticipates up to his 53 52 37 36

over the rest, but how about helping him to KILL THE ACTIVITY better his own record along some line. wait forthe old cat to die." While theactivity Dm% 2.The need for approval. Sometimes in therushof is still going strong and enjoymentis keen bring the of most inexperienced thingswe show only our disapprovallet's take activity to an cad. The tendency the positive approach and let them know how leathus is to kixp a game goinguntil it dies of sheer Ifthis is done you have to startfrom the "good" they are. Help them to win the approval exhaustion. of the group whenever possible. very bottom forthe next activity instead ofletting the crowd's enthusiasm carry youinto the new game. 3.The need to be a part of a group.This cannot be stressed too much. 4.The need to release aggressions. Letthem take LIMELIGHT it out on thingsballs, dolls, clay, etc. instead These individuals need everyopportunity to "shine." of people. In their eagerness forapproval, they may even resort 5. The need for security.You, by your acceptance, toNlying and cheating. Try toprovide opportunities for guidance, warmth and familiar routines can pro- gaining recognition, not onlyfor winning, but also for vide this. good sportsmanship, skill improvementand helpfulness to others. OUTWIT ) A leader sometimes need.; to use the sheer weight of MODIFICATION authority to control a situation or to subdue a ram- this manual can and bunctious individual or group. However, a good leader Many of the activities given in is !Jsually able to keep one jump ahead and not have changed to fit your group orthe avail- mai need to be to resort to this. able space and equipment.Don't let the lack of space or equipmentbind you. If you don'thave music for one of themarching games. let the residentsclap the PARTICIPATION rhythm; if your space is toosmall for regular volley- When the residents under your care arc participating ball, try playing it with aballoon. Learn to improvise in any physical activity, keep a close watch for signs -.the more you do it, theeasier it canes. of exhaustion. Plan to alternateactiveand quiet games or other activities. NEEDS the same as those of QUICK STARTS The needs of these residents are When working with your group, try to establish a net any other group: routine for starting a new activity--perhaps holding I.The need to excel.You would be hard pressed up a pies* of equipmentwhich is to be used. As stated 5 :4 to find some way foreach of your group to excel 55 38 39

TENSIONS under Instructions, get them in the formation to be used These residents will build up terrific tensions in their . before giving directiims. Some kind of simple rhythm efforts to succeed in something. They do best the fust game or activity is the easiestfor getting the group few times they perfonri a movement and then become started and a circle is the best formation. If it isfeas- increasingly less coordinated. Do not allow them to ible. when you start to teach a new game, select only continue under this stress. a few of the residents who arethe best at following directions and let them learn the game whilethe others URGENCY the do something else. Later add a few new ones to These residents have a great urgency to get on with the group each time you play. game or activitythe same as youngnormal children. If, for instance, you should give them paper and crayon REWARDS and say you are going to tell them a story and then Our country seems to have gone "prizehappy" and they can draw a picture about it, they will start draw- oftentimes it seems to a beginning leader thatthey ing the picture. More activityless yak. should give some kind of prize to thewinner or wilt nets. Fortunately, not manyof you will have prizes available so the resicknts will learn to playfor the fun VARIETY of it. However, there are many rewardsconnected with Variety enough to provide periods of active and quiet a good recreation program: tothe individual within games; try some art or crafts; userhythms or singing; the group, it brings the developmentof his physical, storytelling followed by acting out the story. Plan your mental and social powers; to the attendantconducting period ahead, don't depend on thinking of something the program it brings the satisfaction ofhelping to pro- at the time. Be sure you have the equipmentand sup- vide the activities and attitudes which havemade this plies needed or know how you are going to substitute. growth possible. For the most part, fifteen minutes is about aslong as you will hold the interestfor a given activity, but groups and activities varyconsiderably. Always plan SAFETY more activities than you think youwill need. Then, if Remember, these residents do not have a senseof something doesn't go over so well, you can go on to a awareness of possibledangers any more than small new game. Just a word ofcautionvariety is needed, children. Your job is to develop this senseof awareness but the comforting security of the familiar has its and to take every precaution to as much as possible points also. safeguard those in your group. 57 40

WORLD For many of these residents this is their only world. You make its climates; you set its boundaries; you provide its seasons of high festivities; you teach the residents how to skirt the low places and how to enjoy the other residents of their little world. MARKS THE SPOT Don't depend upon imaginary. boundaries, draw some \real ones. Keep some rope on hand to help. A circle and some lines drawn on the floor or marked on the ground will make it so much simpler to get the group organized.

YOU What you arc and what you do will have more effect on your group than what you say. Knowyourself, your weaknesses and strengths and learn to work with them. Z T The success or failure of an activity depends for the most part upon the leaderyou. A zestful, enthusiastic attitude will carry your group along. \ 411614k AO' '

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0 f 44 45

1. Airplane 3. Ball and Bottle Relay

How Many Can Play ---Four to thirty. How Many Can PlayTen to twenty. Play Area RequiredLarge room or play yard. Play Area RequiredOutdoors. Material and Equipment RequiredTwelve bottles (coke, attendant Preparation For ActivityExplain the game. The etc.) and six golf balls. is It for the first round of play. Set up basesof free play such as trees or wood. Preparation For ActivitySet three bottles (for each team) with golf balls on top of each bottle half way to other three How To PlayThe attendant or player who is chosen tobe It bottles without balls. Get residents ready. represents an airplane. It tries to flapthe others while they are running from place to place. No player canbe tagged as long flow To PlayOn signal, have each player of team then run, as he is off the ground(that is, when he is standing on wood, pick up the three balls on top of the first three bottles and take etc.). When a player is tagged, he becomesh. them to the next three bottles, fifteen fixt away, place the balls on top of these bottles and run back, tag tlw next 'player in ,4daptationsIt could be other objects besides anairplane line. He goes to the three bottles with the balls, picks up the such as a bird or butterfly. balls and brings them back and places them on the empty bottles. Team completing relays first wins. The balls must all be on the bottles before the next player begins. 2. Backward Line Race AdaptationsCould switch to single ball and bottle relay, etc.

Sautes with**, How Many Can PlaySix or more. Galt Soils Play Area RequiredSufficient area to run 50 yards. Preparation For ActivityExplain game. Divide playersinto teams of three players each. Determine startand finish lima. side by How To PlayThe three players on each team stand 15e side. The two end players on each team havetheir backs to the finish line, and the middle player faces thestarting line. They kx:k elbows and at the signal run to thefinish line about 50 yards away with the middle player ofeach team steering. They must continue to keep their elbows inter-locked.The first team finishing wins. R2, 47

4. Ball Hustle Overhead How Many Can PlayTen or more. Play Area RequiredIndoors or outdoors. Equipment and Materials RequiredBasketball or similar large ball. Preparation For ActivitySelect approximately five players for each side. Then form two lines of players. How To PlayAt a signal, the ball is passed back over the heads of the players to the end of the line. The last player floor. Last couple remaining on the floor with one balloon in- nuts forward taking his place at the head of theline and passes tact should receive some small prize. the ball back in turn. When the player who originally occu- pied the front position on the line secures the ball as last man Adapratkvis( I) If this is too hard on ankles, the balloons and runs forward holding it over his head at the head of the may be tied on wrists or carried in hand. line, his team finite. (2) Divide players into two groups. Give each player an inflated balloon. At signal, first two players run 10 feet to a AdaptationsTheattendant may have to tell the last person chair, place the balloon on it and sit on balloon hard enough to go to the front of the line when playing with the severely to pop it. Then they run back to tag the next two players. First retarded. team to burst all balloons wins. 5. Balloon Bust 6. Basketball Shooting How Many Can PlayTen couples or more. How Many Can PlayAny number. Play Area RequiredDay room or recreation room. Play Area RequiredSpace in which to put a basketball goal Equipment and Materials RequiredInflated balloon for each on a pole. player. Equipment and Materials RequiredOne basketball and one Now To PlayGive each player an inflated balloon with basketball goal on a pole. string. The balloon is tied to the outside ankle of each partici- Preparation For ActivitySee that all equipment is set up and pant. The balloon should float out about twofeet from the the ball is there. ankle. Music starts, couples hold hands and try to break balloons of the other couples by stepping on them as they protect How To PlayLine up players, one immediately behind the other. The first player shoots. If this player does not ring the their own. trloons are "busted," couples must leave the 63 48 49 goal, then it is not necessary for number two to ring it. If first Adaptation&If there are not enough residents for two teams, player rings the goal and number two misses, the number there can be a race among those playing to see which one can two is automatically out and number three is not required to walk the farthest without the bean bag falling off. This is a ring the goal. The object of the game is to play until all but good game for improving posture and coordination. You can one player is put out. If the player in front of the nextplayer use a book instead of a bean bag. rings, then it is atcessary that he also ring the goal. If he does not ring the goal, then it does not matter whether the next player rings it or not. Adaptations( t) Players may each be allowed three shots 8. Blow Them Over (or any number) and the one making the most goals wins or any variation of this. (2) Play as a "Follow Me" game with How Many Can PlaySmall groups. each player shooting the same shot as the leader, etc. (3) Each player may shoot until he misses. Player making most shots Play Area RequiredAny small area indoors. before missing wins. (4) May be adapted to smaller area (in- Equipment and Materials RequiredMake several paper fig- doors) by making hoop for basket out of cardboard, wire or ures which a child can blow over. Cut the figures from heavy other material. Hang hoop and let players throw or toss smaller construction paper. The figures which are best used are cut rubber balls through hoop. from paper to the size of 3 inches wide and 61A. inches long. Fold under 3-inch square for the base. You may draw figures of cats, clowns, rabbits, or anything else on the paper and the 7. Bean Bag Race residents may also color them if they wish. Cut around figure. How Many Can PlayTwo or more. Preparation For ActivityLine the figures up on a desk or Play Area Requiredindoors or outdoors. table. Equipment and Materials RequiredTwo bean bags. How To PlayHave a child stand in front of the figures which are to be blown over with his hands behind his back. Preparation For ActivityExplain the game. Divide the resi- Ask him to blow. How many figures topple over? Blow and dents into two teams. Line the teams up. (Single-file) Draw blow again. Blow all the figures off the table. Set the figures starting and finishing lines. up again. Take a big breath. How many figures can the resident blow over with one breath. flow To PlayThe first player in each line puts a bean bag on his head and races to see which one can reach the finish AdaptationsPut the figures on a chair. A resident has to mark. When each p!ayer gets to the finish mark he takes the stoop or bend in order to blow. See haw many he or she can bean bag off his head and runs back to the next person in line, blow over now with one breath. Blow figures with a blow gun. and he, in turn, does the same thing. The first team to finish This can be made from a small cane or other like material. wins. 66 This requires pointing the gun aml then blowing. 50 51

9. Bounce The Ball students may actually, keep scores according to regular bowling and compete against each other: How Many Can PlayEight to ten. Play Area RequiredDay room or outside. 11. Bringing Home the Bacon How Many Can Play About twenty. Equipment and Materiels RequiredOne 8-inch playground or volley ball. Play Area RequiredLarge play yard or football field. Preparation For Activity --- Secure ball. Equipment and Materials RequiredOne football. How To PlayThe players are placed in a circle with one Preparation for ActivityLine players in straight line 3 feet player in the center. The player in the center bounces theball apart facing kicker. to each player in the circle. Aftereach one has had his turn, a new center player ischosen and the game continues. How To PlayThe kicker kicks the football over the lineof players to a waiting receiver. He catches the ball and runs, zigzagging through a line of boys. Each boy is trying to knock 10. Bowling the ball from the receiver's hands without touching him. If the How Many Can Play- --Four to six. ball is knocked down the one doing it is then the receiver. If Play Area RequiredDay room, long hall, orrecreation he is successful in getting the ball to the kicker, then he becomes the kicker and the kicker the receiver. room. Equipment and Materials RequiredTwelve largeplastic bottles (deterAent or bleach bottles), a ball-6 to10 inch rubber playground balls or softballs may be used. Preparation For ActivitySecure and set up equipment.Mark floor if desired. How To PlayThe attendant sets up bottles 10 to21 inches apart in a diamond formation 20 to30 feet from the players. The players take turns rolling the ball andtrying to knock Follow this path keep the bottles set down all the bottles. The attendant will Foot ball up for each player. Adaptations -Regular Bowl-lite sets may beused or plastic bowling sets available in many stores. Bottles orpins may also *00 retarded so ball canbe set up side by side for more severely Kicker not go thrtuf withouthitting at least one pin. Higher level 69 53 52

Adaptations--(1 ) 1 1 rat is too quick, choose two cats to chase 12. Bull in the Pen him. (2) The leader appoints a farmer and a fox. The farmer How Many Can PlayFour toany desired number. tries to tag the fox while the fox is running in a zigzagging manner among the players. The farmer must follow the fox in Play Area RequiredOutside area or large indoor area. the same path. When the farmer catches the fox, the leader appoints two other players to be the fox and the farmer. Preparation For ActivityNoneunless it is desired to draw a circle on ground or for. 14. Catch as Catch Can form circle with one player, the Bull, How To PlayPlayers How Many Can PlayTwoat atime. in the center. MI join hands with a good, firm grip. The Bull tries to break through the circle by running. If he can dothis, Play Area RequiredDay roomor recreationroom. he runs as fast as he can, and the other players run afterhim. Equipment and Materials RequiredTwotin cans or card-. Whoever catches him is the Bull the next, time. Be surethat board cans (empty oatmeal container). One small rubber ball catching in this game is understood to be lust tagging.Per- or bean bag. haps it is the aggressive nature of the game which leadsplay- How To players arc placed facing each other ers to grab and tackle the fugitive.if this happens, try point- PlayTwo ing out that these tactics slow up the game andthat all will about 6 feet apart, one holding the ball or bean bag in his can, have more fun if they get back to the circle quickly.Watch for which he grasps firmly with one hand. He tosses the ball out the player who hangs back when the more vigorousplayers of his can and toward the other player, who tries to catch it in his can. The game is won by the player who makes the start the chase. Encourage him to runand to head off the Bull greatest number of successful catches. if the latter doubles baCk. 15. Crossing the Brook 13. Cat and Rat How Many Can PlayGroups ofeight totwelve. How Many Can PlaySix todesired number. Play Area RequiredInside or outside. Play Area RequiredDay room or outside area. Equipment and Materials RequiredChalk. How To Play Players joinhands and make a circle. One Preparation For ActivitySomeoneto draw lines. player is chosen as the cat, another as the rat.The cat is out- How To PlayTwo lines are drawnto represent banks of. side the circle; the rat is inside, the circle looking out.The cat brook. Players jump over brook. Anyone missing and falling says, "1 will catch you." The rat says,"Oh no you won't!" The into brook is out and must pretend to "go home or dry shoes." cat tries to catch the rat.Players hold up hands to help the rat Adaptations --( I)Residents may actually\walk a log over a through, but stoop down when the cat triesto go under hands. shallow brook where. available. (2) Wide board across the When the rat is caught, he and the catchoose two new ones. shallow part of swimming pool could be used. Then play again. 70 ?1 55 34

alk his eyes zlosed. His bone (toy, book or similar article) is 18. Dodge Ball placed under the chair. A player chosen by the leader tries to How Many Can PlayEight or more. sneak up behind the dog and snatch the bone without being Play Area RequiredIndoors or outdoors. detected. If the dog hears him coming, he barks "bow-wow" Equipment and Materials RequiredBall (volleyball or any 'and the thief must return to his place. Another player isthen light, big ball). chosen to come forward. The thief who succeeds in snatching the bone without being rktected becanes the dog. Preparation For ActivityPut residents in lines --to get attention. Then explain the game to them. Draw acircle. AdaptationsIf the thief is successful in stealing the dog's How To PlayThe players are divided into twoequal groups. bone, he tiptoes to his seat, conceals the bone and barks. The discover who is the One group stands around outside a clearlymarked circle. The owner of the bone has three guesses to other group scatters within the circle. The playersoutside the thief. After each wrong guess he may ask the thief to bark circle try to hit those in the 4. -liter with thevolley ball while again. The bark causes much merriment. If he guesses suc- the center players dodge to avoid theball. The players hit cessfully, the thief takes his place on the chair. If he fails to above the hips are not outmust be belowhips. No outside guess, he takes another turn.if, after his second turn he fails, he or the leader chooses another player to take his place. player may step inside. When twoplayers arc hit by the ball the first one hit leaves the circle. At theend of a minute, the groups change placesfur the next half inning, the center play- 18. Donkey and Fiddler ers becoming outsideplayers and the outside ones going to How Many Can PlayFive to large group. players left in the cen- the center. The score is the number of Play Area RequiredDay room or outside. ter at the end of the inning.The team with the higher score at the end of five innings wins the game. Equipment and Materials RequiredNone except chairs. AdaptationsNot have inningsthe oneswin when more Preparation For ActivityPlace chairs in a circle. can stay in longerin a certain length of time. How To PlaySeat the players in a circle formation. Explain 17. Dog and one that the symbol for the donkey is made by holding uphands to the head and making flapping ears.The symbol for the Now Many can PlayTwo to any number. fiddler is pretending to play a fiddle. One player walksaround Play Area Required-----ANy inside or outside area. the circle stopping in front of another player and makesthe Equipment and Materials RequiredAnysmall object such motions of either the donkey or the fiddler. Theplayer must as a small toy or asmall ball and a chair, respond by making the opposite sign. If he is slow or makes the same sign he becomes lt. Preparation For ActivityPlace chairin front of group so that one player sits with his back tothe group. AdaptationsAny other two signs may be used representing motions. This develops the thinking How To PlayOne player is chosen tobe the dog and sits on any variety of objects or process and provides fun at the sametime. a chair in front of players with his back toward them and raLi 73 56 57

(I) May be adapted similar to "Nose and Toes" game. For 21. Drop the Handkerchief example, if It grabs his nose, other player must grab toes, etc. How Many Can PlayTen to twenty. 19. The Donkey's Tail Play Area RequiredIndoors or outdoors. Equipment and Materials RequiredOne knotted' handker- How Many Can PlayTen or more. chief. Play Area RequiredDay roam ar recreation room. How To PlayArrange players in a circle facing center with Equipment and Materials RequiredA large donkey minus leader inside to give instructions. Choose a player (or "count a tail made out of wrapping paper or two thicknesses of news- potatoes") to be It. He walks around the outside of the circle paper. Make the outline of the donkey very dark using a heavy and drops the knotted handkerchief behind another idayer. pencil or dark crayon. Cut several donkey tails. Stick pin or This player (one behind whom the handkerchief was dropped) thumb tack through each donkey tail. Fasten donkey to some picks up the handkerchief and chases the other player aroutKI surface or a wall or board. outside of circle. Player dropping handkerchief tries to run around circle to place where other player formerly stood with- Now To PlayEach player in turn holds his donkey tail by out being caught. If he does so, other resident is /t. If not, he the pin, is blindfokled and walks toward the donkey, pins the remains It. Repeat as before as long as desired. tail in what he believes to be the right place. Adaptations(1) It is not necessary that player being chased AdaptationsTo make the game more difficult, turn each return to exact spot. Other modifications may be necessary player around three times before starting him off toward the according to group level. Could hop or jump instead of run. donkey. (2) One player goes around inside, holds out his hands between two players and says, "Run for your supper." The two 20. Drop the Clothes Pins run around the outside of the circle in opposite directions. How Many Can PlayTwo or more. The one who first returns to the vacant place wins and may Play Area RequiredSmall space indoors or outdoors. start tlx next runners. ( Mayer in circle occupies one vacant Equipment ana Materials RequiredClothes pins and a milk spot.) bottle or a milk carton with the top cut off. 22. Duck Walk, Bear Walk, Crab Walk Preparation For ActivityPut the milk bottle or carton on How Many Can PlayAny desired number. the floor. Give the first player five clothes pins. Play Area RequiredDay room or outside area. How To PlayThe first player drops clothes pins in the bottle while standing up straight over the bottle. Then other players How To Play --DUCK WALK: Deep knee bend with hands try. The players try to get as many clothes pins in the bottle together behind back, representing the tail of the duck. Play- as possible. ers walk forward by extending one foot at a time. BEAR AdaptationsTeams of players may compete against each WALK: Players touch floor with both hands, keeping his stiff, then move forward sliding legs along, .making sure to other. 74 "1 SK 59 keep head up. CRAB WALK: Players sit on the floor, placing Adaptations(1) Several lines may play at the same time hands tortear of body. Leaning back, they raise buttocks off with different leaders. Leaders may walk on tiptoe, dame to War, keeping a straight line from shoulders to feet. In this music, clap hands, etc. There are no limits to this activity. position, they walk forward a few steps, then return by walk- (2) Garth: may also be played with wheelchair residents ing backwards. The body should be kept in erect position at Leader can do such things as clap hands, wink eye,whistle, all times. etc. Adaptationsln rank formation all players start from line on 25. Fruit Basket Upset a signal and race to a second line. It is possible to imitate any animal. How Many Can PlayGroup (small or large). Play Area RequiredAny place where you have space fix 23. Flying Dutchman seating the group. How Many Can PlayTen to unlimited number. The area Equipment and Materials RequiredNor except chairs. available will determine the best sized group. Preparation For ActivityArrange chars in circle. Play Area RequiredMay he played indoors or outdoors. How To PlayPlayers sit in a circle with Itstanding in the How To Play The players form a circle. One couple is chosen center. The seated players are given namesof fruit to start the game. This couple, holding hands, proceeds around oranges, bananas, etc.). Itcalls the name of two or more the circle. They tap the joined hands of another couple. Run- fruits. The players whose names are called must get upand ning around the circle in the opposite direction, each couple change places. In the mix-up, if tries to get a seat.The person tries to get back to the opening in the circle before the other left without a seat becomes It and the game continues,the does. The couple left without a place in the circle must pro- former It taking the name of the new It. If it calls"Fruit ceed around the circle and tap the joined hands of another Basket Upset," all players must change seats. couple. The game continues in like manner. 26. Greeting Game 24. Follow the Leader How Many Can PlayTwo or more. How Many Can PlayThree to any desired number. Play Area RequiredAny area suitable for lying down. Play Area RequiredDay room or any outside area. How To PlayGet group to lie down on theirbacks on the Preparation For Activity--Explain the game. Players form floor or ground. Have them lie in two rows. The feetof the single line facing leader. Attendant should serve as leader for children are arranged in pairs "feet to feet."Have children severely retarded. Resident may be leader for higher level push up on their hands or elbows and say "Hi," totheir part- group. ner. Then tell them to "goback to sleep." For severely handi- Flow To PlayLeader may do anything such as tip toe, hop capped child you may only be able to get him toraise his three times, walk around a chair or tree, etc. Players must fol- head. Have them turn their heads from left to rightand speak low and do everything leader does. to their neighbor ors each side. 7'1 60 b1.

27. Have You Seen My Sheep? AdaptationsIn the beginning, the leader should tap only How Many Can PlayTen to thirty. two or three chickens. After the game is understoodand the children become skilled, the number may be increased. Play Area RequiredGymnasium or large day room. Players remain interested in this game for a longer time if Preparation For ActivityMake a circle with one player on ilwy can see. They may sit with their mouth covered by their the outside. hands. How To PlayAll of the players but one form a circle. Tie odd player walks around the outside of the circle; and, touch- 29. Hide the Thimble ing one of the players on the back, he says, "Have you seen How Many Can PlayOne to any number. my sheep?" The one questioned answers,"How was he Play Area RequiredIndoors. dressed?" The one questioned then attempts to guess the person described. As soon as he has guessedthe right one, he Equipment and Materials Required--Thimble or small object chases the one described around the circle and returns to his such as button. place. The one who starts the game does not take pan in the How To PlayThe attendant hides the thimble while one of chase. the players is out of the room. The thimble is placed so that it can be seen. The player comes back into the room and looks 28. Hen and Chicken for the thimble. When he finds it, another resident is chosen How Many Can PlayEight or more. to look for the thimble. Play Area RequiredPlay room. A daptations( I ) As the player looks for the thimble, he is told lw is warm, cold, or hot, according to how near orfar he Equipment and Materials RequiredChairs for players. is from the thimble. For wheelchair residents, thethimble How To PlayScat the players. One player is selected to be should be hidden by the attendant in an easy place tofind. the hen and takes his place outside the room. The leaderwalks (2) Have all players but one leave the area. The personwho quietly around selecting the chickens by tapping them as he remains places an object in plain sight, but where it is not passes. When he has chosen, all the playersplace their heads likely to be seen. When this is done, the other players come on their arms hiding their faces. Theleader invites the mother back and begin to look for it. When one player sees theobject, hen to come in. The hen listens trying to locate herchickens he remains silent and poker faced and sits down.After he is while running. around the room saying, "Cluck cluck."Those seated, the player says aloud, Huckle BuckleBeanstalk, in- players who have been tapped as chickens answer, "Peep, dicating that he knows where the Object is. This continues un- peep" while keeping their head down. She taps aplayer on til everyone has found teaobject. The pliyer who found it the head if she thinks he is a chicken. If he is, he sits upin his first is the one to hide it for the nest game. If one or several seat and removes his hands from overhis eyes. If he is not, he players take too long to find the object, the rest of4the group still hides his head. When the hen has found all herchickens, may help them by indicatingwhen they are looking in a cold, she selects a new hen to take her place. warm, or hot area. 79 63 62

30. 1-1114 Bounce, andCatch 31. Hopscotch Now Many Can PlayTwo to any desirednumber. How Many Can PlayUnlimited number. Play Area RequiredDay room or outsidewall. Play Area RequiredIndoors or outdoors. Equipment and Materials RequiredLarge orsmall bouncy Equipment and Materials RequiredButton or stone.Stick rubber ball. or chalk for marking area. Preparation For ActivityMeasure off 5 feetfrom wall and Preparation For ActivityMark off area as illustrated inDia draw a line on the ground or floor. Timmdraw a line on the gram 1 or Diagram 2. wall as high as knees. How To PlayBegin game by casting stone orbutton into 2, 3.4. 5, etc. Now To Play-----The attendant says, "Go!"Players hit the wall Block No. 1. Player then hops into Block No. object into above the line with the ball, let it bounce once,and catch it. Player progresses in this fashion, until he casts hops in the bloc* emtainisig Do this as fast as possible for thirty seccmds.Each player has wrong block, hops on a line, or a score-keeper who countsthe number of times his player object. makes a correct throw. At the end ofthirty seconds, the game Adaptations(1) May be varied by using No. 1 orNo. 2 slops. Player making highest scorewithout dropping tell wins. diagram. (2) May step rather than hop. AdaptationsPlay may be continued for anynumber of play periods, or for any period of time.

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32. I lop, Step, and Jump whistle is blown has one "hot potato" against him. The person who has been caught holding the "hot potato" for a total How Many ('an PlayTwo or more. of three times is the loser and is either eliminated from the Play Area RequiredOutside (May be played inside- ) game or given something to do, such. as blowing the whistle. He may also stand in the circle and cheer the others. Preparation For ActivityDraw line from which players start. AdaptationsBall or any object can be used. No whistlea How To PlayThe player rens to the lint, taking off on one person could say "hot potato." For easy scoring, the first time foot and landing on the same foot. This is the Hop phase. With a player is caught holding the hot potato he is outof the the other foot, the player steps vigorously, followed by a jump game. Ambulatory residents may stand in circle. landing on either or both feet.) AdaptationsThis activity can be either a game or a stunt; 34. Jack Be Nimble with low level groups it will be hard to follow the rules ex- How Many Can PlayTwo or more. actly. With severely retarded only the jump may be used allowing three jumps. Play Area RequiredIndoors or outdoors. Equipment and Materials RequiredBooks may be used as 33. 11ot Potato candles. now Many Can Play --Five or more. Preparation For ActivityExplain the game. Place a book Play Area Requiredindoors or outdoors. about 6 inches high in the middle of the floor. Line the play- the head of Equipment erd Materials RequiredAny type of ball or ob- ers up in a single line. The attendant should be at the line. ject, large or small, a whistle andchairs. How To PlayThe attendant will go first and jump over the Preparation fur ActivitySeat the players in a circlethe of book which is a candlestick. While he is running and jumping attendant or a resalent leader should then get in the center the group shouts: "Jack be nimble! Jack be quick! Jack jump circle and show the players how by putting the object in the over the candlestick!" The player next inline then runs and hand of one playershowing him how to pass the object. The jumps. leader should explain what the whistle is for. They should pass the object very fast as if it is very hot. AdaptationsThe book may be raised by putting one one flow To Play- -Arrange the players in a circle. Hand the ball of the other as the game goes along. to someone.rk the seated players to pass the ball from one I to another- acid around the circle in anydirection to left or 35. Kickball right asrapirl*Ilyas possible The object is to ptrid of the ball How Many Can PlayTwo teams of nine players cash. quickly as it is supposedly "sizzling hot." Every tenseconds Play Area RequiredOutside area, ball field or auditorium. Or so, blow a wIftispe and whoever ishcdding the ball when the nn 66 67

Equipment and Materials RequiredMy type of round ball pete against each other with two players participating at a that can be kicked. Preferably a soccer ball or volley ball. time. (3) Wheelbarrow RaceTeam is arranged in a column of Preparation For ActivityLay out version of softball dia- twos. One plarer places hands on the ground, the other one mond. picks up first pLiyer's feet and propels (moves him forward), How To PlayCame is played with the same rules as softball, like a wheelbarrow, to' turning point. When they have reached except for one thing. In softball, the ball is batted; in kickball this point, they change places and return to the starting line. it is kicked. The pitcher will roll the ball to home plate to be kicked. A player is declared "out" when hit by the ball when 37. Leap Frog off base. (Note to Attendant: Caution children about trying How Many Can PlayTwo to any desired number. to hit the opposing player too hard. Develop ground or floor rules. ) Play Area RequiredDay room or outside area. Definite course can be marked out. 30. Lame Duck Relay How To PlayPlayers stand in line. 1 first player in the line bends his back and catches hold of his ankles with his How Many Can Play-Six to unlimited number. hands. The next player leaps over the first player by putting Play. Area Required--Gym or play yard. both hands on the player's back and spreading his legs as he leaps. He then bends over and grabs his ankles. The third Preparation For ActivityExplain game and divide players player goes over the first two and assumes the same position. into two columns. Establish starting and turning points. When all players have been over, the first rises and leap's over flow To PlayAt signal, the first player in each column raises all the others. And so it continues as long d one foot forward. grasping it with bothhands and hops for- AdaptationsMay be played as team relay. These are lots of ward and around the turning point and back to the starting fun and add interest. line. The raised foot must be held with both hands all the way. At the starting line, he touches the second player who repeats. 38. Log Roll Relay Play continues until all have run and the team finishing first wins, How Many Can Play - -Two or more teams of eight to twelve persons. Adaptations---( I) May be adapted to many types of running games, relays, etc. (2) Line players upside by side behind Play Area Required---Play yard or mats in gym. starting line. At signal, the players will begin to hop on one Preparation For Activity.Have residents he down side by leg to another sprit, marking the end of the race.The lower side, on grass or mats. level groups could use this for a stunt. Some of the playerswill not be able to hop the entire way on onelegperhaps a point How To PlayThe players should be divided into groups and should be chosen /, "change" legs. Two teams may also corn each group should have n captain The captain should be at 69 6K

trees while the attendant counts to three. At "three" the play- On signal, the last playerstarts rolling one end of the group. ers, evenly divided at the two trees, race to the other trees teammates. As soon ashe is past the next to the over all of his which are "bases." The player chosen It tries to tag another last player, the latterfollows him and so on downthe line until head of the line. The teamfinishing player who becomesItand the process is repeated. the captain is back at the Some of the players may be reluctant to run from tree to tree. first wins. This will have to be taken into consideration. Any type of Throw bases may be used. Players tagged may be eliminated until 30. Milk Bottle last remaining runner is winner. (Knock Down Milk Bottles) How Many CanPlayUnlimited number. 41. Obstacle Race Play Area Required--Infloorsor outdoors. How Many can PlayOne ormore. Equipment and MaterialsRequiredToymilk bottles (plastic Play AreaRequiredIndoors or outdoors. or wooden ).rubber balls. Equipment and Materials RequiredObstaclesuitable for Preparationfor ActivityLine up milkbottles approximately resident. Older residents who are not physically handicapped 5 feet from players. can have difficult obstacles. For example; climbing over wall, HowToPlay--Players throw balls atmilk bottles. The player jumping ditch, swinging on a rope, etc. Younger child or phys- knocking down the mostbottles wins. ically handicapped resident may require obstacles. These might be: crawling under a bench, crawting under a pallet; or lying than thrown. The Adaptations ----The ball may be rolled rather on back and pushing self on floor. milk bottles may be stackedinstead of lined up. How To PlayGamecan be played individually, in pairs, or 40. Nose AndToes Tag by teams. With very handicapped residents, just getting over obstacles is reward enough. flow Many CanPlay---Reasonablenumber. Play Area Required--Ansideor outside. 42. Ocean Wave (Slide Right) Preparation for activitySelect anIt. Played as a simple tag game,except that the How Many ('an PlayFourto eight in any group. Larger flow To Play. groups may participate. runner may escapebeing tagged by graspinghis nose with one hand and his foot with theother hand. A player whois tagged Play Area RequiredDayroom or outsidearea. becomes Itand the games continues. Equipment and Materials Required--Chairsfor each partici- Adaptations(t)Choose two treesapproximately 50 feet pant. apart and explain gameto residents. A playeris chosen (or the two Preparation For ActivityPutchairs in circle. attendant selects SOIDCODC tobe it). He stands between 87 70 71

How ToPlayPlayers are seated in a ,7irc14: with one chair Adaptations --Iftwo circles are playing in competition, the left vacant. A center player is standing. Be yells, "Slide left" circle that has the fewer heads is the winning team, or the or "Slide right." Players who are seated move to the left or circles having the most heads. right to fill the vacant chair as it appears next to them. Center player dashes for vacant seat. Location of vacant seat is constantly changing, for players move into it as it comes next to them. If center player gets the vacant seat, the player losing his seat moves to center of circle and game continues. Adaptations- --Samegame could be played with players standing and moving from one circle on floor or ground to another. 43. Old Nag HOW Many Can PlayGroup of ten ormore. Play Area Required --- Inside or outside. Equipment and Materials RequiredVolley Ballor rubber ball. Preparation For ActivitySinglecircle facing center. Four players are inside the circle in a line formation, each holding to the one in front, with the first person of the four being the head, the next two the body and the last one is the tell of thenag. NowTo Play ---Theball is given to a player in the circle. The object of the game is to hit the tail of the Old Nag with the ball. The ball can be passed around the circle to anyone who is close to the tail or it can be thrown to anyone. The only 44. Pit Bowling person who can prevent the tail from being hitis the "head." lie can wave his arms, hit the ball, or turn any direction to Now Many Can PlayFourto eightplayers. avoid having his tail hit. If the tail is hit, the head falls off and Play Area RequiredPlayyard. joins the circle. The second player is now the new head and the person who hit the tail becomes the new tail. Play until Equipment and Materials RequiredFourcroquet balls or four or five players h§v§been the "head." rubber balls. 89 72 73

Equipment and Materials RequiredA ball, or bean bag or some other bouncy object. How To PlayThe two players stand a certain distance apart 40' and pitch the object back and forth trying to catch it each time. AdaptationsActually, it is possible that two residents play. ing this may often enlarge the group to three, or more residents in a circle formation pitching the ball from one to the other. P/P 1" DEEP HOLES With the more severely retarded, it is necessary to have a one- 'ON to-one basis. DIA HOLES 40. Plate Stack 40 How Many Can PlayAny even number. Play Area RequiredIndoors. Equipment and Materials RequiredTwelve paper plates. Preparation For Activity--Dig two shallow holes about 10 Preparation For ActivityPlayers form two individual teams inches in diameter 40 feet apart. and stand in single file. The last player on each team is given How To Play.--Give each player two balis and let him roll six paper plates. bail toward hole. The rules and scoring are as in horseshoe pitching. It is permissible to knock an opponent's ball out of How To PlayOn a signal from the leader, the last player on the hole which should be shallow enough for that purpose. each team passes the plates, one at a time, up the file to the player ahead of him, This is continued until the first player Adaptations---Could be played with ;twee holes at each end obtains all the plates that are given his team. He stacks them and scored as washer game or various whet adaptations with on the floor. The first team to have the sixplates stacked moue balls used. Could also be used as"ball shuffleboard" by scores five points, and this is continued until theresidents are drawing diagram on floor or ground. tint ! of the game. Then the score can be added to find out which team won the game. 45. Pitch The Ball AdaptationsThe first player from each row takes the plates How Many Can Play--Two residents or one residentand one after they have been stacked ane goes to the end of the line employee. while everyone moves forward one place. Play continues until everyone has had a chance to stack the plates. Piay Area RequiredA very small space. 91 74 75

47. Play Train to thefront seat. The captain and all the otherplayers stand upon the left side to avoid bumping other players andmove How Many CanPlayFour or more. back one seat. Game continues without stopping.Each time Play Area RequiredIndoors. the last player in a row gets therag, he runs forward. When the captain is back in his own place, he holds the bean cardboard bag Equipment and Materials RequiredChairs, large high so the leader can see the winner. boxes, string. AdaptationsBean bag unless cardboard boxes are or any object that will not break or Preparation For ActivityNone hua when grabbed may be used. used for train. Now To PlayMake aline of chairs and let the players pre- 49. Red Light tend this is a train. Slips of paper or cardboard maybe used Now Many Can PlayTentothirty. for tickets and money. Play AreaRequiredOutside, day AdaptationsLargecardboard boxes may be converted into room, orrecreation room. a train. Cut both top andbottom out of the boxes. Punch two Preparation For Activity----Noneexceptestablishinggoal. holes in each box and insert heavy cord through the holes and Join the two by tying string going together. Thesidesof the Now ToPlayPlayers forma line. One player standsabout boxes maybe painted to resemble a train. The players then thirty feet from line with backto group and counts to ten. As stand inside the boxes holding them up and walking or run- It counts, the players in the linerun quickly to. reach a goal ning around the room. nearIt. When Itreaches the count of ten, all players saw where they are.It turns andanyone seenmoving goes back 48. Rag Relay to starting line. It continues to count to ten in same manner until someone reaches the goal; then thatperson becomes It. Now Many Can Play--Six tothirty (The type of resident will determine the number best suited to play.) Adaptations--One variation might be for Itto say "Red Light" without counting. Play Area RequiredDayroom. Equipment and Materials RequiredChair foreachchild. 50. Red Rover Rag or beanbag. Now Many Can PlayEightor more. Preparation For Activity--Chairsmust be placed in rows Play Area RequiredOutdoors. with the same number in each row, one behindthe other. Preparation For ActivityExplainthe game. Dividethe play- How To PlayCaptainsits in each frontseat with rag or bean ers into two even groups facing each other. Groups should be Q2 bag in hand. At signalfrom the attendant, he passes it to the 15 to 20 feet apart. The players standholding hands as tight I° one behind him and so on tothe end of the row. When the as they can. ,/ , f. . , 'X * 1-, ...dada wage% 93 76 77

How To Play One team calls the other team, "Red Rover, How To PlayDivide group into pairs. One child crawls or Red Rover, let (name of one player on the op- "knee walks," while rolling his partner, "the lug." The partner posite team ) come over." The player whose name is called rolls on the floor or ground. Partners compete as to who runs and tries to break through the line. If he breaks through, reaches goal line first. Can be used with non-ambulatory and he gets to take a player from that team back with him. he physically handicapped. does not break through, he has to stay on that team. The team with the most players at end of game wins. 53. Scavenger Hunt 51. Ring Throw Or Ring Toss How Many Can PlayTen to twenty players.

HowMany Can PlayTwo to any number. Play Area Requiredindoors or outdoors. Play Area Required--Playroom or outside area. How; To PlayDivide residents into two teams with a runner Equipment and Materials Required--Rings (these may be appointed for each team. The leader stands at front of room rubber or metal jar rings, rings made from short lengths of with hand extended to receive articles. The !eider calls the rope, rings cut from heavy cardboard, etc.)Post (short name of an article which someone in the room is likely to length cut from old broom or mop handle and attached to have, such as a brown shoe, bobby pin, pencil, etc. The run- small square of wood to make it stand upright makes a good ner of each team tries to get the article from his team and runs one.) to place it in the leader's hand. The one arriving first with the How To Play -Place past about 10 feet from pitching point. article wins a point for the team. t This distance may be varied to accommodate the abilities of participants.(jive each player a chance to throw three times. Si.- See-Saw Marjorie Daw Score may be kept and the player throwing the ring over the pm the largest number of times would he the winner. You How Many Can Play--Two or more. may have several players with the same score and these could "play off" the tie. Play Area Requiredindoors or outdoors. Adaptations- Any number of rings may be tossed. Also, play- How To PlayHave children sit one behind the other, each ers may he divided into teams and the team making the largest holding the shoulders or waist of the child in front of him. total score wins. They may sit on a low bench or on the floor or ground. Leader demonstrates or commands them to sway forward and back, 52. Roiling A Lag "To see-saw to Marjorie Daw." How Many Can PlayTwo or more. Play Area RequiredDay room or grassy area outdoors. 94 7M El 79 55. Siluffleboard 5(3. Softball Throw 'ow Many ('an PlayMinimum of two, maximum of four Bow Many Can PlayAny number. t per court ). Others would enjoy watching. Play Area RequiredOutside area (or large inside area for Play Area Required: smaller residents). Equipment and Materials Required- -Twelve inch ball, bean 191itOwl Li t- 1191110- bag, ping pong ball, or other objects you can throw. Owl 7-1 pr Q Preparation For ActivityDraw line on floor or ground for S 2' starting game. Equipment and Materials RequiredHave the court marked flow To Play--Put players in line to keep order. Explain the otf and discs and cues available. Select partners if four are game to them. Then show them by throwing the ball. Each playing. player is allowed three throws and the farthest throw is to be Now To Play- One player from each team stands back of the counted. The player stands behind a line and throws three ten off space at each end. Some method can be determined to consecutive times. see who plays first. The first player shoves one of his discs Adaptations(1) A line may be drawn and players try to toward the opposite end trying to make it stop on the block roll the ball to stop on cu as near the line as possible. numbered $ or 7. The opposite team member takes the (2) A bean bag, ping pong ball or other similar throwing ob- next turn shoving his disc and trying to dislodge his opponent's ject may be used for inside activity. disc as well as to place his own on the numbers. If a disc touches any line it does not count. This continues until each (3) Pennies, buttons, washers or other round objects may be member has shoved all four of his discs. Score is counted and used to pitch at a line to see who can come the closest. players on opposite end then shoot. Team reaching score de- (4) Many other adaptations may be developed from the cited on first wins. above suggestions. This is a good activity for wheelchair residents. .4daptatilms. 57. Spin the Plate Mbro ...1. °MIAius 6 (Spin the Bottle) - Now Many ('an Play---Any number over five. (Ten to twenty C-1 recommended.) This type of court may be used and played as above. Or, nim- Play Area RequiredSmall area, either inside or outside. bered areas on either court may he simply colored for the more severely retarded. "Twenty -one or bust" may alsobe Equipment and Materials Required- --Metal pie gle or plas- used for scoring. . tic bottle. 9, 81

Preparation For ActivitySecure plate orbottle arui arrange hollow tree, facing center with hands on each other's shoul- players in eirck. ders; have the fourth player stand within to represent squirrel. An extra player represents a squirrel without a tree. Make How To PlayPlayers, standing orsitting in circle, are num- sure players understand this. hered. One player ( the spinner)holds a plate while standing in the middle of the circle. Thespinner spins the plate and How To PlayOn a signal, all squirrels must change trees and calls a number. Player so numbered tries tocatch the plate the homeless squirrel tries to get a tree. This leaves another before it stops spinning and falls. Failure todo so makes him squirrel without a tree and the game is repeated. After a few It. (Players may be called by their namesinstead of a number. flays, have players of the trees change places with one of the This would help others to learntheir names.) squirrels. This gives everyone a chance to be a squirrel. Adaptations -A bottle could be used.Spinner spins bottle and Adaptations- Whedchair residents may participate by acting the player it is pointed at whenit quits spinning becomes It, or as ITCLIS. drops out until all players areeliminated. 50. Stocking Knocking 58. Squirrels in'Proem How Many Can PlayAny number in sets of two. How Many Can Play:: -.Nine,thirteen, seventeen, etc. Play Area RequiredLarge indoor area or outside. Play Area Required- Large room orplay area. Equipment and Materials RequiredTwo hats, made with players into groups of four. Preparation For ActivityDivide coat hangers. Bend the coat hangers so they will be round and of four stand so as to represent a Have three of each group stretch half of a stocking over each and tie at bothends. A stocking ball, which is made by stalling other stockings into a quirrel qui rre opsailiell1001111114..... hall-shaped object. ( A bat and ball needed for eachgroup of two players or players may take turns.) Preparation For ArtivityMake or secure bats and balls; explain the game and have each two players facing each other Squirrel at length of distance desired. without a Tree I How To PlayThe players hit the ball back and forth to each other. Adaptations - -( 1) Score may be kept. If a player misses the ball the other player gets the point. The game may be played to fifteen or more points. (2) Game may also be played to test quirrel the skill of accuracy or distance. The player hitting the ball the longest distance or most accurately is the winner, cte,... 82 83

60. Tug of War each washer in hole counting five, and the firstteam to reach How Many Can PlayTen to twenty recommended. agreed on score would win. (2) Three holes could be dug Play Area RequiredOutside or large indoorarea. on each end, in a row, with each hole 6 inches apart. First holeto count one, second hole Equipment and Materials RequiredOnerope 15 or more three, and last hole five. Firstteam reaching twenty-one would feet long. be winner. "Twenty-one or bust" could be played. Preparation For Actiity--Divide players into equalgroups. (3) Many players playgame by letting one player's washer Have each player tightly grip the rope with both hands and in a hole "kill" other player's washer insame hole. place feet firmly on ground for pulling power. Draw line. 62. Wheel Chair Basketball flow To PlayAt signal to pull, each team tries to pullop- posite team mains line drawn on ground pr floor. When final How Many Can PlayGroups of sixor eight recommended. player has been pulled across line, the team having pulled the Play Area RequiredInsideor outside. other across is declared winner. Equipment and Materials RequiredTen inchplayground Adaptations--Rope may be eliminated by having first player volley ball, a buskl basketor a plastic trash barrel. on each team hold hands instead of rope and other players How To PlayWheel chair players hold on to each other for pulling. arc placed in single 11 The basket is placed about 10 feetaway in front of the li 01. Washer Toss The attendant starts at the end of the lineand allows each participant to try to throw the ball into the basket.They may Now Many Can PlayGroups of two or four. be given a second or third try if they donot succeed the first Play Area Required Outside area at least 50 feet in length. time. Equipment and Materials RequiredEight 2-inch flat wash- Adaptations( I) A 5 or 10 gallon milkcan or small barrel may be used and a regular softball. Each player may be given a certain number of throws and the one making themost Preparation For ActivitySecure washers and dig two holes, baskets wins. slightly larger than washers, 20 feet or farther apart. (2) Residents may be placed ina circle with the basket or How To Play -Two players stand by one of the holes and milk can in the middle. each tries to toss his four washers in the opposite hole. Then the two players on the opposite end try to toss the washers into 63. Wolf Over the River the hole on opposite end. The winner is the couple who scores How Many Can PlayThreeto unlimited number. A group the most out of five throws using the four washers each throw. from twenty to twenty-five recommended. Adaptations(1) Two players could participate against each Play Area Required--Rest suitedto an outdoor area or gym- other if there are not enough for partners. Score could be kept, . nasium. 1 Olt 101 87 K6

Non-ambulatory residents may lie on their stomachs facing basketball courts, andtennis ation building floors, concrete each other. In this position they can roll a ball back and forth and volleyball courts. to each other or to an attendant. concrete blocks Permanent washerholes may be set in small All institutions should work toward the goal of getting non- and made available toall areas. (level with top of ground) ambulatory residents out of bed. The, use of pallets, walkers Flying kites isenjoyed by many residents.These are easily and other equipment is of great help in reaching this goal. An entire made and Barge groups maywatch as spc.etators. Various types of straps and devices can be developed why ward could engage in thisactivity with very littlepreparation will permit almost all residents to sit in wheelchairs. This en- ables them to see what is going on and, with some, to partici- or supervision.Adaptable for wheelchairresidents. pate in activities.A Pitching pennies or otherround objects at a seamin sidewalk be drawn on any floor area Floor exercise for the non-ambulatory is very beneficial. This is enjoyedby residents. A line may may be on the actual floor or on pads such as tumbling mats. with chalk. Plastic and rubber toys are usually found to be more prefer- Suggestions for able for bed play than stuffed toys made of fabric or fuzzy Spec ittl materials. Seve re y 1 tettsvied retarded is The use of musk in dormitories of both the non-ambulatory crater plt for youngstersand the more severely and profoundly retarded youngsters often provides much en- them prepared for an enjoyable activityand also helps get tertainment during periods of inactivity. This may be ac- pviol. Put them in tub orplastic pool in- using the swimming complished by the use of central music systems, record play- dividually. Splash the water onthem and they willgradually the water. ers or radios. Music of a soothing nature is generally found leatti what itis aboutand become accustomed to to be more satisfactory. by residents. During warm Outside shower hathsare enjoyed The use of cradle-gyms and mobiles across crib beds serve to by simply attach- weather, residents maybe given such baths entertain the children for long periods of time. hose and using regularhydrant water. Spray- ing a notile on a It is recommended that these residents be allowed certain peri- hose is fun for alllevels of residents. ing each other with a ods of free play each day. Such activities may take the form of be used to float boats orwood- riinlhitahle wading pool can floor play, tricycle riding, pulling wagons and play with rub- supervision. en blocks.This may be used inday room with .71 ber bulls. Tearing paper or clothis enjoyed by residentswho are severely Small toys of metal or wood with sharp edges should be avoid- handicapped. This canhe a creative activityby using the ed as much us possible. Articles which the children may eat or Place the residents products in papermache or stuffing toys. swallow should also be restricted unless the children are very but teach in a circlewith box in center.Let them tear freely closely supervised. them to pigsafterwards. 103 89 KK

Very large balls, rubber (Pr plasticanimals, and plastic build- ingHock have been found to be mostuseful with the profoundly retarded ambulatory residents: Other Activities which might beused by Want Personnel I.Football 2.Basketbal! t' 3.&Atha!! 4.Volleyball S.Swirgs 6.Slides 7.Obstacle courses 8.Shuffleboard (painted lines onsidewalk) '9.' Jungle gyms 10.Tetherball 11.Badminton 12.Croquet 13.Sand boxes 14.Bicycles 15.Tricycles 16.Skating 17:Bus rides 18.Walks, picnics 19.llodgeball

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Pmparatioa For ActivityExplain the game. Line the play- 65. BouncingBalls to Music ers up in a single line one behind the otherwith their hands on PlayOne tounlimited number. the shoulders of the person in front of them. The attendant How Many Can will lead the line and be in front. outdoors. Play AreaRequired--Indoors or How To PlayThe players will follow the leader and pretend Materials RequiredPiano,record player and that they are a train. The leader should encourage them to Equipmeht and (preferably $ to record or taperecorded music,rubber balls make noises like a train. Let each resident have a chance to 10 inches in diameter.) be the engine. and obtaindesired Adaptations(1) A bell or simple whistle could be used by Preparation ForActivity.tecure music the leader. A marching record could also be used. number of rubberballs. in a circle, eachhold- (2) Adapt to musical train. Participants line up behind any How To Play---Havethe players stand number of leaders. An attendant or popular resident should to the groupthat as the ing a large siterubber bail. Explain the balls to thetime of the be the leader. Play a Rock and Roll or Swing type record. Par- music is playedthey are to bounce ticipants place hands on hips or shoulders of person in front. should be chosen asthe director.He is to music. One player watch the director As the music starts, the lines move forward and mayproceed beat time withhis arms. Haveall players music director makes adownbeat. in any direction using a rhythmic motion or step. March and bounce theball each time the may be used for variation.Horizontial lines may be used. stands in the centerof the circle soall players can The director director shouldalso see him.If directing istoo 4ifticult, the his ball at the sametime the 67. Cooperation have a ball.Each player bounces director or leaderdoes. How Many Can PlayEightsixteenthirty-two or sixty- facing each four players. ) The players canform two lines A daptations--(1 the ball music is played. oneplayer can bounce Play Area RequiredAny space level enough for marching other. As the The partners face in time withthe tune over tohis partner. and large enough for group desired. about three tofour feet apart.(2) For each other standing be in a deft- Equipment and Materialv RequiredPiano. record playerand severely retarded groups.players need not more the ball in timewith the records, or tape re cordeo cones. nits formation.They should bounce rhythm each onehears in themusic. Preparation For Activity---Some source of music. How To PlayHavi.: players seated in large circle with one 66. Choo-Clioo couple standing in the center. When the music stops, they say This is a good game How Many CanPlayThree or more. goodbye to each other, separate, and each gets a new partner. for a large group. There are now two couples marching. Each time the music stops, the couples say goodbye andeach gets a new partner Play AreaRequiredIndoors oroutdoors. 1 OR 109 95 94

Point to the east, point to the west. Point to the one that you players. When all theplayers are marching, frmn the seated love best." Player chooses someone to take his or her place in continued if deiired byhaving them exchange the game may be the center of the circle and the game continues again. partners whenthe music stops. AdaptationAnysimilar song could be used. 68. DidYou EverSee A Lassie? of six to twenty. How Many CanPlayBest suited for a group 70. London Bridge The size of the grOupshould depend uponthe area available. How Many Can PlayFiveor more. but may Play Area Required--Bestsuited to indoor areas Play Area RequiredIndoors or outdoors. out-of-doors if facilities areavailable. also be played Preparation For ActivityExplanation ofgame to players. Equipment and MaterialsRequiredEither a recordplayer How To PlayChoose iwoplayers to act as the "bridge." song may be sung. or the (Attendantcan,and in some cases must, assume one of the One player To PlayPlayersjoinhands to form a circle. roles). Thew two should hold hands raised above their heads. Haw music or is selected to standin the center ofthe circle. As the The other players walk in line under the bridge as the two singing starts, theplayers circle aroundthe center player. members of the bridge sing "London Bridge." At they end of lassie go this way and When the song says,"Did you ever see a the song ".. myfair lady" the "bridge will fall" and a player action. that'?" the player in the centerperforms a stunt or some is caught. The "bridge" will then sing, "Take the key and lock action. The players in thecircle stop circlingand imitate this him up, lock him my fair lady." One side of the bridge selects someone to When the song is over,the center player is a peach, the other a pear (or two closely matched objects.) he in the centerand the game iscontinued. The "captured" player is asked if he wants a peach or a pear Did you ever see alassie, a lassie, a lassie and his choice decides which side he is on. Repeat.. When all I)id you ever see alassie go this wayand that? are "caught" the two sides have a tug-of-war. and that way Go this way and that way,go this way London bridge is falling down,' and that? Did you ever see alassie go this way Falling down, falling down the word AdaptationsIfa male isthe player in the center, London bridge is falling down "laddie" is substitutedfor "lassie." My fair lady. Take the key and lock him up 69. Little SallyAnn Lock him up, lock him up Take the key and lock him up How Many CanPlayEightto ten. room. My fair lady. Play AreaRequired---Outside,dayroom or recreation non-ambulatory, residents may crawl in- kneels in the center. AdaptationsFor How To Plc y--Form acircle. One player stead of Walking with "bridge" partners kneeling instead of sand -- weeping and cry- Sing "Little SallyAnn sitting in the standing. Rise Sally rise, wipe yourdirty eyes. ing for a nice young man. 111 I I I

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Equipment and Mcterials RequiredRecord playerand 71. Looby Loo march records, a piano and player, or tape recorder and taped ( flukey-Pokey ) tunes. How Many Can PlayFourto thirty. It isbetter to have a Preparation For ActivitySecure source of music and set large group. it up. Play Area Required--Indoors or outdoor area. How To PlayPlayers are lined up one behind the otherwith RequiredRecord playerand rec- hands placed on shoulders of the player in front. Start the rec- Equipment and Materials ord player and let players march in this fashion. ord ( if music is desired ). Select a of music (if de-. Adaptations --( I) Line the players up in single file. Preparation ForActivitySecure source leader to lead them in marching. March around the room to sired ). the music, following the leader. Let each player take a turn at hands. Fol- being the leader. How To Play----Everyoneforms a circle, holding low directions with the verses. (2) With residents who are so severely retarded thattheyare unableto stand in line, it is possible for the oneswho wear Here we go LoobyLoo, Here we goLooby Light, blue jeans or overalls to call the game a train or elephantand Here we go Looby Loo.all on a Saturdaynight. let, them hold on, either to the straps or the pantspockets of (Circle to the left andright on alternatingchoruses.) foot out, the person in front of them, so as to keep in line. Iput my rightfoot in, 1 put my right I give my right foot ashake, shake, shake. 73. The More We Get Together and turn myself about. Foot, Right Hand, How Many Can PlayTwo to unlimited number. Best for ( Follow instructionsfor other verses) Left large sized groups. Left Hand, Head In,Whole Self In. Adaptations -(I) The group maybe broken up intosmaller Play Area RequiredIndoors or outside. everyone that :73 circles. Competition maybe included by having Preparation For ActivitySecure song leader to give instruc- with the largest makes a mistake leavethe circle. The circle tions. number of people stillin it at the end ofthe song is declared How To PlaySing the song 'as everyone knows it, but hav- the winner. ing the entire group stand up or sit down on the words "to- ( 2 ) Same forHokey-Pokey. gether" and "friend." If everyone does it right, they will start out sitting down and end up standing up. Repeat it to return 72. Marching them to sitting position. How Many CanPlayGroups of six toeight. The more we get together, together, together The more we get together, the happier we'll be. Play AreaRequiredInside. 9$ 99

For your friends are my friends, and my friends move their hands in a circle whenever the chorus is sung and are your friends make the motions on each of the verses. The more we get together, the happier we'll he. (2) This may be played as a "Follow the Leader" type game also. All players line up behind the leader. As the chorus is AdaptationsYou may divide the group into two sections. sung, the leader. leads the group in a twisting line about the If anyone stands when he should be sitting, he is eliminated room. Aseach verse is sung, the players stop walking and and must leave the group. At the end of the song, the team imitate the leader in appropriate motions. with the most players is declared the winner. 74. The Mulberry Bush 75. Musical Chairs flow Many Can MayFour to unlimited number. Use smaller How Many Can Play---Three to unlimited number. number with the more severely retarded. Play Area Required-- Indoors or outdoor area. Play Area RequiredBest suited for indoor areas but can be Equipment and Materials RequiredPiano, record player and used outside if chairs are available. record, "Here We Go Round The Mulberry Bush," or tape Equipment and Materials RequiredEither piano, record recording of this record. player with records, tape recorded tunes, or any other souree Preparation For Activity---Secure source of music. Teach of music. (Marches are preferable.) players the words and have them sing as they play. Preparation For ActivitySecure music and a chair for each Flow To Play- --Players all join hands in circle. As they sing participant. the first verse, they skip round the circle. As other verses are How To PlayChairs should be placed in a circle, the backs sung, each player drops hands and, whilestanding in one toward the inside of the circle. If area space will not permit a place, makes the motions described in the tune. After each circle, the chairs can be placed back to back in two lines. The verse, all players join hands skip around thecircle, again.sing- players are all seated in the chairs. When the music starts, all ing the first verse or chorus. players stand up and begin to walk around the circle, close to Here we go round the mulberry bush, the mulberry the chairs (all walk in same dirixtion). As the players are hush, the mulberr, lush marching, remove one chair from the circle. Stop the musk in Here we go round the mulberry bush, so early in such a way that the group does not know when to expect it. the morning. ( First verse and chorus). Each player sits down in the chair closest to him. The player This is the way we wash our hands, etc... left without a chair is out of the game. The music starts again, This is the way we comb our our hair, etc... . the players stand and march around. Again remove one chair when the music stops, the player without a chair is out of Adaptations ( I )If the group is not ambulatory (such as the game. Continue until only one player is left seated in the wheelchair residents), the players may sit in their chairs and last remaining chair. He is the winner. 114 115 101 100

Adaptations(1) Players may sing simple tunes asthey How To PlayStart music. Participants march to music in march around if no other music is available.When the leader circle. When music stops, participant must stand motionless in shouts "Stop," all may be seated. If all playersinsist on con- position he is in. He is eliminated by judge if he giggles or tinued participation, instead of removingchair, it can be moves. After first one is eliminated, music is resumed and turned facing the inside of the circle. Thus,those who cannot whole game is repeated until all are eliminated. find a chair on the outside can go inside thecircle and continue to march around. 78. Musical Quiz 70. Get Acquainted MusicalChairs How Many Can PlayTwo to unlimited number. How Many Can PlayTen to thirty. Play Area RequiredBest suited to indoor areas but may also be used outside if facilities are available. Play Area RequiredIndoors or outside. Equipment and Materials RequiredSecure a piano, record Equipment and Materials RequiredChairsfor all but one player and records, tape recorded tunes or other sources of player. music (ten or more tunes). Preparation For ActivityPlace chairs in acircle facing out. Preparation For Activity&-cure source of music. How To Play--Players march around thechairs until the How To PlayDivide players into two or more groups. Play music stops. When it stops. all try to get achair. The one who play- is left out introduces himself and takes a seatin the circle, a tune.,Group naming the tune first wins one point. (Any in a group may identify any tune. ) Play the second tune and thereby. making one less chair than there areplayers marcher continue in the same manner until all selections have been ing. As each marcher passes this player,they repeat his name. This continues until all the chairs arcfilled. The one left played. Any tune which players cannot identify should be named by the leader and can be replayed later in the game to standing wins. help players learn new songs. The group ickntifying most 77. Musical Statues tunes wins. Adaptations(I) Groups may be lined up in rows facing flow Many Can PlayFour to any number. leader and those at front of line try to identify first tune. Saxe Play Area Required- Dayroom, recreation room oroutdoors. is kept in same manner as above but head players go back of line after tune is completed or identified. Have same number Equipment and Materials RequiredRecordplayer and rec- of players in each group ar d enough selections to give every- ord or other source of music. one a chance. Group with highest score wins. (If neither of Preparation For ActivitySecure and set upmusic. Select the head players can identify a tune, they both go to the back of line and the next two players are given a chance.) judge- 4 1 A. 102 103 t 2) In another adaptation,the above procedure would befol- 80. Pop Goom the Wettmtil lowed except that the playeridentifying the tune would go to flow Many Can PlayTwelve to unlimited number. would remain in front. the back of the line and the other one Play Area RequiredIndoors or outdoors. In this case, the line completelyrotating first would be the winner. Or the player naming the tune staysin front and the Equiprnent and Materials RequiredRecord player and rec. other head player goes to the back of theline. In this game, the ords or other sources of music. be the loser. Numerous line completely rotating first would Preparation For ActivitySecure source of music. other adaptations may be madefor this activity. low To PlayThe residents are divided into groups of three, the small groups are arranged around a circle. The groups of 70. Musical Red Hot three form a Horse and Chariot, i.e., one player stands in flow Many ('an Play--Six tounlimited number. front. With his right hand he grasps the right hand of the large enough for a circle to player behind him on his right side. With his left hand In Play Area Required- A space grasps the left hand of the other player. The twoplayers who accommodate the number ofplayers. form the chariot join their other hands behind the front player. Equipment and MaterialsRequiredA record, record player All around the chicken coop and ball. i Other source ofmusic could also be used.) The monkey chased the weasel Preparation For ActivitySet up the necessaryequipment and That's the way the money goes Pop goes the weasel. have the ball available. Select someoneto start and stop record (attendant may do this.) I've no time to wait or sigh I've no time to wheedle flow To PlayArrangeplayers in a circle and showthem when music starts. Startmusic. Only time to say goodbye what direction to pass ball Pop goes the weasel. When the music stops, playerwith the ball is automatically out of the game. Startmusic again and continue asbefore. The A penny for a spool of thread object is to see who will be thelast one left in the game. A penny for a needle That's the way the money goes large enough, it is often ad- Adaptations-- -(1 ) If the group is Pop goes the weasel. visable to have more than oneball going at the same time.This makes the game move alittle faster and allows more toplay While singing the song, all groups skip around the circle to and more to get out. the left until the word "pop." At this word, the back two play ers raise their joined hands and the front player pops under ( 2) This is a gamewhich may also be playedby wheelchair circle with the arms oftheir them and meets the next two players which were behind his residents by placing them in a group at the beginning. Continue as above. Change the "horse" chairs touching. quite often, as this player will become tired. 118 119 105 104

Hi. Row, Row. Row YourBoat 5.The seeds begin to grow, etc. (wedsslowly rise to become grain). number of ouples. How Many Can PlayUnlimited 6. The farmer cuts his grain, etc. (action as with scythe, Play Area RequiredIndoorsand/or outdoors. grain falls). Equipment and Materials RequiredPiano,record player and 7. The farmer binds hissheaves (he touches three at atime the record or tape recordingof the tune. who stand back to back). all skip around sheaves Preparation For ActivitySecuremusic or teach players to 8. And now the harvest is in, etc. ( sing the tune. with hands joined). flow To Play- -Divide the playersinto couples. The couples 83. She'll Be CorningRound all sit on the floor. The twoplayers face each other, solesof feet together. legs spread apart,holding hands. Move back- the Mountain ward and forward to the rhythmof the tune. Now Many Can PlayTwo tounlimited number. Row, row, row, your boatgently down the stream, Play Area RequiredIndoors oroutdoors. is but a dream. Merrily, merrily, merrily, merrily, life How To PlaySing the songthrough Grim. On the second verse, everyonemakes the motion of pullingback with both 82. The Seed Cycle hands as though pulling in the reins.On the third verse, every- flow Many Can I'layThirteen totwenty-five. one waves hand asthough in greeting. On thefourth verse, fifth verse, every." outdoors wherever there is everyone throwshands above heads. On the Play Area RequiredIndoors or one makes achopping motion with righthand. On the sixth enough room to allow the group to moveabout. verse, everyoneclaps the side of his head indismay. The lead- Preparation For Activity---Dividethe players into groups of er stands infront to demonstrate as the groupsings. Fanner. Seed, Wind, Rain, Sun, and one She'll be coming around themountain when she comes, flow To Play-The music is sung one or moretimes for each when she comes part of the actiondepending upon the number ofplayers. As She'll be coming around themountain when she comes, J11 sing, the followingpantomime is acted out: when she comes mountain, she'll be coming The farmer sows his seed, etc.(seeds curl up on ground ). She'll be coming round the 1. coming around the 2.- The winds begin toblow, etc. (winds runabout waving round the mountain, she'll he mountain when she comes. arms). when she comes. 3.The rain begins to fall, etc.(rains run about, fingers She'll be driving six white horses hanging to indicate rain). Whoa back (motion) 4. The sun begins toshine, etc. (sun playerswalk slowly, We will all go out to meet her whenshe comes. arms up, palmsfOrWard). Hi babe (motion) 121 1 911 107 106

piano or rec- We will be singing "Hallelujah" when she canes. Equipment and Materials RequiredEither a Hallelujah (motion) ord player needed: Mitch Miller SingAlong records, records Negro spir- We will kill the old red rooster when she comes. of favorite hymns, recordings of nursery rhymes or Riverside; De Camp- Hack Hack (motion) ituals. Examples of songs: Down by the town Races; Sewanee River;My Old Kentucky Home; No- She will have to sleep with grandpa when she comes. Deep River; Swing Low, Oh! No! (motion) body Knows the Trouble I've Seen; Sweet Chariot; Walk in Jerusalem; OhDem Golden Slippers; Adaptations-----Divide the group into two sections. Have every- Oh, Susanna, etc. one stand when they do the motion. When anyone fails to Preparation For ActivitySecure sourceof music. stand, they are eliminated and must leave the group. The sec- him having the largest number at the end is declared the win- How To PlayOn a piano or a recordplayer, play familiar ner. songs and have the groupsing along with the music. Simple, well known songs are best suited forthis type of activity. Di- 84. Simple Rhythm Banda vide the group into two . sections.The group that can sing The winner may also be How Many Can PlayFour to unlimited number (around loudest will be declared the winner. the group that can sing the softest. thirty ). Play Area RequiredBest suited to indoor areas. 80. Skip Tag How Many Can PlaySix to unlimitednumber. Equipment and Materials RequiredRhythm sticks, tambourines, triangles, jingle bells, record player and records or Play Area RequiredIndoors oroutdoors. piano. Homemade noise: makers and instruments are also ef- Equipment and MaterialsRequiredRecord player and rec- fective and inexpensive. ord or piano. Preparation For ActivitySecure a source of music and have How To PlayPlayers sit in acircle. The music is started rhythm instruments available. (this should be a lively march typemusic) and one player is How To PlayBegin with rhythm sticks only. As group pro- chosen to begin by skipping aroundthe room. The other play- gresses in skill add other instruments. Records of such songs. ers hold out onehand near enough to the pathof the one as Three Blind Mice, Twinkle Twinkle Little Star, simple skipping so that he may tag theirhand as he goes by. The one children's marches, rhythmic recordings of Hursery rhymes, whose hand is tagged thin gets upand skips around the room, etc., may be used. while the one who tagged him leavesthe floor. This continues until all the players have beentagged. $5. Sing Along 87. Where Is MyHead How Many Can PlayTwo to unlimited number. How Many Can PlayTwo tounlimited number. Especially Play Arra RequiredBest suited to indoor area. good for a larger group. 122 123 108 109

Play Area Required--Insideand outside area. these couples separate and choose oilier !mullets until everyone is dancing. liow To Play----Thveeveryone stand in a circle. As each line as sung the corresponding part of the body is touched. Rhythmic ActivitiesThefolltnvir.g exercises may be dune to the clapping of hands only. Everyone forms a large circle Where is my head? Right here (motion) when doing the following steps. The leader should always Where are my eyes? Right here (motion ) demonstrate each movement first, clearly defining it.Move- Wtwre arc my hands? Right here (motion) rmH ment may be to the left or right, alternating asthe leader sees What do they do? They shake, shake, shake. fit. The following steps may be used: High Steps, Small Steps, (On this line everyone shakes hands with the Large Steps, Sliding, Hopping, Skipping, Running. person nearest them.) Animitative chair marchis usually enjoyed by forming a Where is my elbow? Right here (motion ) long line behind the leader and following him, doing the move- Where are my ears? Right here (motion) ments that he does. Clapping is used as above. Where are my feet? Right here (motion) The followingaction rhythmsare enjoyed when done to music,. What do they do? They stamp, stamp, stamp. utilizing the rhythms of the music: March, Skip, Gallop, Sway, (On this line, everyone stamps feet three times Ride, Skate, Tip-toe Run, Giant, Run and Clap, Point-toe on the floor. ) or" and Bow, Bounce, Walk. A daptations--Thiscan he carried on as long as there are areas Residents enjoy listening todescriptive musicand imitating of the body to he used. animals or objects according to the typ,:. of musicplayed. They ( 1) Divide the group into two lines. Whenever anyone fails may imitate Elephants,Kangaroos, Ducks, Birds, Bees, Rab- to touch the proper part of the body, he is eliminated from the bits, Frogs, Mice, Turtles, See-Saws, Trains andAirplanes. game. The group with the largest number at the end isde-: It is oftenquieting tothe residents to have them sit and listen dared the winner. tosoft musicfor a few minutesbe /ore going to meals or bed. ( 2) This song may also be used to identify objects around the andtape room, i.e., "Where is the TV?" "Right here." "Where isthe Residents enjoylisteningto theirvoicesonrecords where door?" "Right here." Use the same rules as above. recordings.This is often a most worthwhile activity facilities are available for taping songs ormaking records of 88. Helpful Hints individual's singing or talking. Groupsingingaround a piano is most enjoyable to many re- Alairiplication !)ante --- Definitelya good mixer to get a dance tarded residents. started. Select one couple to start dancing. After only a few steps stop the music; the couple separates and eachchooses Where resident bands are available,they may be utilized on new partner. Two couples dance a few steps to musicand different wards for the enjoyment of otherresisleAts. 124 t ;I r)(1 TAB

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them. The dolls should be put up until time to play withthem. 89. Cross Questions Doll equipment (bottles, etc.) should he used in playingdolls if available. How Many Can Play---A grouphaving an even number. Play Arra RequiredIndoors oroutdoors. 91. Figures On Cards Now Many Can PlayOne to ten. Now To Play--Players standin two rows facing eachother. A leader is selected for each team.One leader walks behind Play Area RequiredSmall area indoors or outdoors. his team. At the same time his team and whisper% a question to Equipment and Materials Required- -Stars, squares,circles, his team and whispers a state- the other leader walks behind etc. (or pictures) cut from coloredconstruction paper. Rec- the question. He does notknow ment to be used in answer to tangular index cards. what the questions are. Then thefirst player on one team re- the index peats the questiongiven to him to the oppositeplayer on the Preparation For ActivityPaste the pictures on other team who must givehis answer. The secondplayer then cards with little space between the top and thebottom. asks his question and so ondown the line. How To PlayPut the cards in ,a box and pullthem out one Adaptations-. -Tins game maybe played as a paper andpencil at a time. Then let the playersidentify the pictures. game. A numberof questions may bewritten on small slips of Adaptations Three dimensional objects may beused on the paper. On otherslips of paper, statements tobe used as an- cards such as beads, buttons, etc. swers may bewritten. One group maydraw a question and the other group may draw answers.Then standing in rows, 92. Guess a Color the questions may be readby the question groupwhile the How Many Can PlayFive to twenty-five. answer groupgives their answers. Play Area RequiredAny area large enough to seatthe num- tier of players planning to participate. 90. Dolls Equipment and Materials RequiredA numberof different colored beads or colored discs; or any smallobject that might flow Many ('an Play--One or more. be concealed in the hand. There shouldbe several different Play Area Required-Indoors or outdoors. colors of whatever material is selected. Equipment and MaterialsRequiredDolls and clothing,bot- Now To PlayThe attendant selects adisc or bead and con- tles, etc. ceuls it in his hand without letting the players seeit. The players are asked to guess thecolor selected. The one who guesses flow To Play-Fucourage the residents towant to play and doll she wants to the correct color becomes the next leader.The new leackr dress the dolls. Leteach resident choose the the color the dolls are real babiesand teach the chooses a disc or bead, and asks the group to guess play with. Pretend that selected. Again, the player guessing the correctcolor becomes residents to dress themand take care of them.Do not let the much that they get tiredof a new leader, etc. resi splay with the dolls so 129 114 113

Adaptations(1) Rather than using beads or discs, the play- Preparation For ActivitySecure tin plate. er who is the leader might say, "I see a color." Theplayers are then asked to guess what color the leader has seen and the one How To PlayDivide the group into two teams, one group is guessing correctly becomes the new leader. "tops" and one is "bottoms." The leader spins the plate in full view of everyone. When the plate lands, if the bottom is up (2) With younger children or less capable players who are the group designated as "bottoms" laughs heartily; the others just beginning to learn heir colors, a large board with differ- are silent. If the plate lands "top" side up, the group named ent colored cards on it may be used. Place a card of eachof "tom" laughs. Any player laughing out of :urn joins the other the basic colors on the board, ask the children to turn their team. heads or hide their eyes, remove one of the cards, let the children open their eyes and guess which color is missing. Adaptations-4 I) Spin the Bottle: Instead of a plate, a bottle (3) The leader may say, "1 see something red," and the group may be used. Before spinning the bottle, the leader might ask guesses which red object the leader hasin mind. The person a question such as, "Who is the prettiest?" or, "Vv ho cansing guessing correctly gets to choose the next object. best?", etc. The leader then spins the bottle and the person to (4) Objects may be selected by shape or by the first letterof whom the bottle points is the proper one to answer the qtals- their name. (1 see something round, or I see something that tion. begins with T). (2) The bottle can also point to players to do stunt or task such as "Stand on your toes" or "Walk around the room 03. Imitate Animals and Birds twice," etc. In either case, once the player pointed to has answered the question or performed the stunt, this player be- How Many ('an PlayUnlimited number. comes the spinner for the next time and may ask the question Play Area RequiredArea depends on the number of resi- or name the stunt to be done. dents participating. flow To PlaySeat the players on the floor or in chairs. Have 95. Play "Look" one stand up in front of the groupand do an imitation of a How Many Can PlayTwo or more. bird or animal (either one of his own choosing or that you sekct ).It may be sounds, actions, or both. Let the group Play Area RequiredIndoors or outdoors. The first one to guess guess the bird or animal being imitated. How To PlayThe attendant starts the game by telling the correctly gets to do the next imitation, etc. players that he sees a house, picture frame, bird, etc., and the 94. Laughing Hyenas players point to the object. When the residents have learned the game, they can take turns being the leader. How Many Can PlayTen or more. Adaptationsif the players are on a higher level, the leader Play Area Required-1ndoors or outdoors. can only describe the object and the players guesswhat it is Equipmcni.,tuid Materials RequiredOne tin plate. from the description. 1 U 131 116 117

00. Pass the Thimble gets hold of the handkerchief or touches it. the seated player having it at the time becomes It. How Many Can Play-- Light or more. Play Area Required---Any area where there is space to seat 07. Peas Porridge riot a group in a circle. How Many Can PlayTwo or groups of twos. Equipment and Materials RequiredMy small objectwhich Play Area Requiredlwoors or outdoors. might serve as a thimble and small enough to be enclosedin Preparation For ActivityTeach the rhythe: palms of players' hands. Peas porridge hot, Peas porridge cold, Preparation For Activity-,Seat players in a circle. Peas porridge in the pot. nine days old, flow To Play--The purpose of the game is to pass an object Some like it hot, some like it cold, which serves as a thimble) from one player to anotherwith- Some like it in the pot, nine days old. out being seen by the other players.Have the seated players How To PlayTwo people sit by the facing each other, knees hold out their hands, palms together. It is designated against knees, while they recite in unison. At the first word attendant and walks slowly around the circleinserting his (peas) of the first line, each player claps his own hands on his palms between the palms of the other players, oneby one. own knees; at the second word (porridge) he claps his own f)uring this time. It steps back and asks, Who hasthe thim- hands together; at the third word (hot ), he claps his hands ble?" Each player guesses in turn; when the playerwho has lt. The against his partner's hands. The same action is repeated for the thimble is guessed correctly, he becomes the nest all of the first line. For the second line, each player claps his game then proceeds as before. own knees at the first word (peas); he claps his own hands to- Adaptations-( I ) This game may also be played by taking a gether at the word (porridge). He claps his right hand against strong piece of cord long enough toreach around the circle of his neighbor's right hand at the words I in the); he claps his players. Place a ring on the cord, and tie the ends ofthe string own hands together on the word (pot) ). On the first.word of together. Have the children all hold the cord intheir hands the last sentence (nine), he claps his eft hand against his while It stands in the center of the circle. While Ithides his neighbor's left hand; on (days), be claps his own hands to- eyes. the ring is passed aroundthe circle from hand to hand gether and on (old), he claps each of his hands against each until the leader says "ready." It opens his eyes and tries to of his neighbor's. This same action is repeated for the second guess who has the ringin his hands at this time. If It guesses stanza. correctly, the person holding the ring gets intothe center of the circle and becomes It while It takes his placein the circle. 08. Picture Or Object Matching t 2 )Players sit in a circle with chairs close together. Itstands flow Many Can PlayOne to ten. in the center and tries to get thehandkerchief when it is passed Play Area RequiredSmall area indoors or outdoors. around the circle from player to player. Thehandkerchief direction and change directions at will. If lt Equipment and Materials RequiredSmall boxers or envelopes may go in either .1.mimilli 132 issp 133 119

successful then for each player. Each box or envelopeshould contain between pussy tries to make someone laugh. If he is not live and ten pairs of matching pictures cutfrom magazines. he must go to another player. AdaptationThis same may be played with wheelchair resi- Preparation For ActivityNone exceptgetting envelopes and dents. picture together. How To PlayGive each player anenvelope containing the 100. Potatoes pairs of pictures. The pictures shouldbe mixed up and the How Many Can PlayThree or more. players should try to match up their own setsof pictures. Play Area RequiredSmall area, indoors or outdoors. Adaptations ( I) Pairs of objects otherthan pictures could Preparation For ActivityExplain the game. Have the play- be put in the envelopes or boxes. ers put their potatoes (fists) out in front ofthem. The leader, (2) Squares or circles of differentcolored construction paper who is the attendant, also does this..The players form a circle. could be used. This could help teachthe residents to recognize colors. How To PlayThe leader starts with the player on his 'left be used for enjoyment andteach- and counts potatoes (one potato, two potato, three potato, (3) Pairs of numbers may four; five potato, six potato, seven potato more.) The potato ing by matching the numbers. that "More" ends on is out and the player puts it behind his (4) A picture might be cut intopieces and require putting back. The players remain and the leader then starts with the back together. potato after "More." When a player has the word "More" end (5) You might mix up the pairs sothat the residents must on his second potato ( hand) , he is out of the game. The last check each others' pictures for thosewhich match his own. player left in the game is the winner. 00. Poor Pussy 101. Push-Out Cards to six players. HonMany Can PlayFour or more. How Many Can PlayTwo PlayArea Requiredladoors around a table. Play Area Required--Moro= or outside area. Equipment and Materials RequiredPush-outLotto Games Equipment and MaterialsRequiredChairs for the players. (puzzles, etc. ) chairs ina row or in a Preparation tor Activity- -Arrange Preparation For ActivitySecure puzzles or other supplies. circle. How To Play---Seat the players around the table. Have them How To Play- Seat players. Oneplayer is selected as pussy. player and says "Meow."The push out the pieces. Turn all the pieces face up on the table Pussy kneels before a seated and move them around until they are well shuffled. Each player player pats pussy on the head and says,"Poor Pussy." This is succeeds in making the person in turn selects a piece and tries to fit it into his card. If it does repeated three times. If pussy not lit, he must put it back on the table and the next player laugh during this procedure,they change places and the new 134 135 120 121 can take his turn. The first player to fitall the pieces on his Preparation For ActivityExplainthe game to the players. card is the winner. Choose someone to be the "teacher" and line the rest of the players in a single line facing the teacher. Have the players to 1) Picture Puzzles: Push out the pieces on Adaptations ---t sit down at their places. each card and try to put them back in correct places. ( 2 ) Alphabet, numbers, colorsThe residents may learn to How To PlayThe "teacher" faces her students (players) recognize these by playing with them. and puts her hands behind her hick and puts the rock in of her hands. She then walks to the first pupil and tells him to 102. Red Circle choose the hand he believes the rock is in. If he chooses the HowMany C'an Play---Twoto eight. hand holding the rock, he gets to move up a space which is called the second grade. The teacher then goes to the next Play AreaRequiredSmall space indoors or outdoors. student. The first to reach the twelfth grade is the winner. The t.'quipment and Materials Requiredlndexcards with differ- winner can be the teacher for the next game. needed. A shoe box is needed ent colored circles on them are Adaptations--The game may be played on steps with the stu- for the -pot." dents moving up a step each time they guess the correct hand. Preparation For AetivityStvureneeded items. How To PlayPlace a shoe box (the pot) in themiddle of 104. Rolling Ball the table or the floor. Deal the cards to theplayers. Players HowMany CanPlayTwo or more. put the cards in front of them face up.The first player chooses RequiredA smooth StraliCe indoor or outdoor. a card and holds it upsaying "red circle" or whatever color Play Area circle is on the card. If he cannot talk, theleader says, "red Preparation ForActivitySeat residents on floor in a circle circle." Everyone is urged to look at the card,and then look or line with legs spread. like it. Players toss all the red at his cards to see if he has any How To PlayThe leader rolls the ball to the resident and into the pot. The second player picks upthe card and circles the resident rolls the ball back. Give each one his turn. repeats the performance. The playerwho gets all his cards in the pox first wins. Keep playing until youhave second, third AdaptationsThe resident may not know how or may be winner, etc. unable to roll the ball Wick. The leader may have to get the ball and roll to next resident. Adaptations.Stars, squares, or numbers may be used. 103. Rock School 105. Simon Says How Many Can PlayTwoor more. How Many Can PlaySixor more. Play Area RequiredSmall area indoors or outdoors. Play Area RequiredIndoors or outdoors. Equipment and Materials RequiredArock, button, etc. Equipment and Materials RequiredChairsif desired. 136 137 123 122

but not point to it. Thiswill help the players learnthe parts How 1.11 Play.--Players may be seated (orthey may stand) be extended to other parts of in a semi-circle with 1r. Simon, in frontof them. Simon does of their face and later can a series of actions such as:thumbs up, thumbs down, arms up, the body. arms down, etc., whichall of the other players must imitate. Adaptations(1) Objects withdifferent shapes (square, As he does these things he precedeseach one by saying, "Si- round, etc.) mon says, thumbs up, Simon says,thumbs down," etc. When- only (2) Teach colors. ever he chooses, heleaves off, "Simon says," saying objects may be used to teach "Thumbs up," still following it with theaction. Any player (3) Small, medium and large who then continues to follow hisaction is caught. They may sizes. be used to teach numbers. be dropped from the game or have apoint count against them. (4) Numbered objects may The object is to follow the leader's movementsONLY when he precedes it with saying, "Simonsays." The leader may 108. Tit Tat Toe "Simon says, hold your make a variety of commands such as: How Many Can PlayEvennumbers. ankles with your hands, touch your nose,scratch your head," etc. Play Area RequiredTable orboard for writing, indoors or 106. StorytlmeTurn-A-Round outdoors. Equipment and MaterialsRequiredPaper and pencil. flow Many Can Play--Four or more. Play Area RequiredIndoors oroutdoors. Equipment and MaterialsRequiredStory book. How To Play---Seat children in acircle, giving each child a name or word fromthe story for his "name." Asthe leader reads or tells the story, each time achild's "name" is spoken, he must star..1 up, turn around,and sit down again.

107. This Is My Face How To Play- --Draw a tit tat toediagram. Each of the two usually an X and an 0. Theobject How Many Can PlayOne or more. players chooses a symbol, of the game is to getthree of one's symbols in a row(verti- Play Area RequiredIndoors oroutdoors. cally, diagonally or horizontally).and to keep the opponent who is the attendant, will puthis from lining up three of hissymbols. The players take turfs How To Play----The leader, time, on the diagram. Everytime hand to his eyes and say,"These are my eyes." He will'hen placing their marks one at a he gets one point. The game maybe played to point to his ears, nose, etc.The players will follow him in a player wins doing this. As the game goes on,the leader will call the object 10 or 15 points. 139 138 124 125

109. What Am I? Preparation For ActivityChoose someone to be itget play- Now Many Can Play,Eightto ten minimum. ers seated or standing in a circle. Play Area Required--insideor outside. Now To PlayPlayers put hands behind their backs and begin to pass the object around the circle. The It stands inside How To PlayPlayer leaves the room and the group decides the circle and mast guess which player has the object. If he what animal he shall represent. The player is recalled and tries chooses correctly, the player with the object gets to be h. to discover what he is by asking questions about himself that may be answered by "yes" or "no." For instance, he may ask, 112. Other Suggested Quiet Games "Do I have long, floppy ears?" "Do Ieat grass?" "Do I pull and Activities wagons?" When he has identified himself, theperson whose answer helped him make the discovery, becomes It andgoes The following is a list of games and activities that normally outside the room. come with playing instructions or need no specific instructions for use: AdaptationsThe player might represent other objects such as a kind of flower, tree, or famous person. 1.Puzzles (from simple two-piece to complex ) 2.Television 110. Whisper. Round (Gossip) 3.Popcorn parties 4.Books and magazines How Many Can PlayUnlimited number. 5.Checkers Play Area RequitedEnough space to seat all participants. 6.Chinese checkers Equipment and Materials RequiredChairs. 7.Stacking blocks S. Toy telephones How To Play --Seat players ina circle. Leader whispers a sen- 9. Farm animals tence to the person sitting next to him. It may be, "John has a 10.Doll houses and furniture hole in his sock," or a more complex sentence suchas, "The 11,Take-a-part toys yellow bud sin on a green tree and whistleda merry song." 12.Stack toys This person whispers it to the next person and so forth until 13.Peg boards it has made the round of the circle. When the lastperson has 14.All the Child Guidance toys ( Add-A-Count Scale, been reached, he says the sentence that he heard out loud. Teach-A-Tune, Turn-A-Gear, Nuts 'n Bolts, Etc.) 15.Tinkertoys 111. Who Has It? 16.Dolls How Many Can PlaySix to thirty. 17.Tea sets 18.Dominoes (regular size as well as king size, picture Play Area Requiredinside or outside. Lotto) Equipment and Materials RequiredA small object that can 19.Parcheesi be hidden in the hand such as a rock. 21.Scrabble 140 141 126

22. Playing cards 23. 'Fiddly Winks 24. Piggity 25. Anagrams 26.Pit 27. Cootie 28. Bingo (regular,color, number, picture, etc.) 29. Paper dolls 30. Monopoly 31. Coloring books and crayons 32. Rooks (may rangefrom simple picture,books to hooks the residents are able toread for themselves) 33.Stencils 34. Modeling Clay 35.Bill Ding Toys 36. Bead stringing (haleheads and strings for smallchildren or physicallyhandicapped) ____1,...... _._

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. i

144 130 131

113. Bell Sticks 114. Block Printing Equipment and Material RequiredTwo dowelrods 34" or Equipment and Materials RequiredVegetables (such as po- 1" in diameter and 6" tong or section of oldbroomstick, fat tatoes, carrots, mddishes, turnips), tempera, ink or water paint. enamel, paint brushes, four sleigh hells,and staples paint. (double pointed). Directions: Directions: 1.Cut a portion off the vegetable leaving a fiat surface. 1.Smooth sides of stick with #1-0 or 2-0 sandpaper. 2. Cut a star (or whatever you choose) on the fiat surface Paint sticks with one coat of flat paintlet dryfor twen- of the vegetable and cut away a layer of the vegetates ty-four hours. around the design or object to be printed. enamel to pre- 3.Apply a second coat of half flat and half 3. Dip in paint or ink and stamp on paper. vent cracking of final paint coat. 4. When second coat is dry, paintwith enamel of desired 115. Blocks color. Let dry thoroughly. 5.Staple bell at each end of stick. Equipment and Materials RequiredShoe boxes (all sizes 6.Hold a stick in each hand and shake.This may be used from infant shoe boxes up to adult sizes), paint or crayons, for rhythm activities described in previoussection. tape. Directions: 1.Tape the box Ws securely on the boxes. 2.Have the residents paint or color them in any way they choose. Pictures may be posted on if desired. The residents will have hours of fun building giant sized struc- tures with these blocks. In most cows, thew shoe boxes will be available but if they are not, they may be obtained from stores in the community. For more capable residents, the blocks may be painted to resemble bricks. Have them paint the shoe boxes bright red and then draw in the squares with white tempera paint. These are quite attractive and give more meaning to the buildings. 116. Boats Equipment and Materials RequiredShoe box, pencil Of a 145 stick of comparable size, foil and construction paper. 146 133 l32

Engine: For the bottom, or base, cover a box large enough to Directions.. set a covered oatmeal box into. (A half andhalf or cut 1.Clompletely cover the shoe box inaluminum foil. down aluminum foil box will do). Cut a circle of pink 2.C'ut a triangular piece ofconstruction paper for a sail. paper, paint a cute face on it and glue to oneend of round 3.Punch two holes in the sail, one nearthe top and one carton. For cow catcher (grid at front of train),pleat a near the bottom. 5" x 2" strip of foil and tape to lower part of engine. For 4. Run a pencil or stickthrough the top hole and back chimney, roll a 4" x 5" piece of stiff paper into a cone, cover through the bottom hole and stickthe pencil into the top with bright paper and insert point into a hole punched in of the box. This will really float. top of engine. Tuck cotton in open end forsmoke. Remove one side from a half and half cartonand cover carton with 117. Braiding paper. Glue to engine. Paint windows, etc. Equipment and MaterialsRequiredScrap material, wool, Circus Car: Cut l" oblong suction off top and bottom of a etc. milk carton. Cut a piece to fit open end and tape on se- curdy. Cut a scalloped window out of the side of the carton Directions: and then tape, bringing straws inside the top andbottom Three strips of scrap material aretied together at one end and of the window you have just cut. This resembles bars. braided. Braided pieces may he sewntogether for use as hot plate holders, place holders,place mats, etc. Ott ers Cars: Cut top of carton off. Remove one side and cut on sides to desired height of car.Cut a piece of cardboard 118. Candy Exprems the same size as the closed end and tape onto open end. RequiredOne oatmeal box, two Equipment and Materials 7'0 Finish: Glue milk tells or cardboard wheels toall cars. half boxes ( or an aluminum foilbox that has been cut down Use pipe cleaners to font chains to join cars andengine. may he used),circle of pink paper, somepaint, a piece of aluminum toil, tape, glue, a 4" x5" piece of stiff paper, apiece of cotton (optional), milk cartons,drinking straws, milk bottle caps and pipe cleaners. Directions:

F FIG. 1 .112 135 134

6.Hold tom tom in comfortable position under one arm. 110. Canvas TomTom and beat with hand or stick. Equipment and MaterialsRequired#10 can (restaurant AdaptationsTom torn can be covered with rubber from in- size 7" high 6"diameter ), ice pick or leatherpunch, canvas ner tube. string, heavy bootlace orleather (about I/2 yard) , strong A tom-tom beater can be made by covering a dish mop with thong. a piece of velvet or corduroy cloth and tying firmly. Put a Directions: screw eye in the other end of the handle and attach brightly E1 colored ribbons for decoration. 120. Carts Equipment and Materials RequiredShoe box or milk carton, paint, milk bottle tops or circles cut from cardboard, drinking straws and pipe cleaners. Directions: If a milk carton is used, cut top off to form a rectangle. Then cut off one side and from that, cut a piece to fit the open end and tape on securely. If a shoe box is used, discard the lid. Paint box or leave it as it is. Glue two drinking straws on the bottom of the box, one about 2 inches from the front and edges are smooth. another about the same distance from the back. Twist together I. Remove both ends from can so .71 circle 2" larger than di -_ two pipe cleaners and insert them into the drinking straws, 2.Stand can on canvas and cut a Punch two holes in the cardboard circles and run the pipe atneter of can. cleaner together so that the wheel won't come off. Repeat this holes 3.Allowing an outside marginof 1,:,z", punch thirty with all the wheels. A string may be attached so the players around each circle at regularintervals with leather punch can pull their carts. This provides good exercise for residents or ice pick. who are learning to walk and those who have to exercise their the 4.Cover each end of canwith canvas circle. Secure legs because of physical handicaps. two circles bylacing one end to theother. Tighten lacing until you have a pleasing tone.A taut drumheadwill Milk produce good resonance. sot ti.Cop To tighten drumheadfurther, brush a coatof clear dope drumheads and ( used formodel airplanes) over canvas Drinking Straw let dry thoroughly. 15 149 Pipe Clooner 136 137 122. 1-04, 121. Clock Crepe Paper Flowers Equipment and Materials RequiredOkicalendar, paper Equipment and Materials Required plates. cardboard. paste. scissors, paper brad (or substitute), Crepe paper (various colors for ball of yarn or ribbon. Fig. 1 flowers; green for stem and leaves); (CARS ATI ON Directions: s) small wire for stems; scissors or pinking shears. F i g. .1 Directions: sr't 7/IASI) J MINUTE HAND SWEET PEAS: Fold a 2" x 3" pieceof pastel colored crepe paper PAPER PL ATE HOUR HAND in two, with the grain running up and down. Cut as in Figure I. Fold points of petals up as in Figure 2. Twist wire around ( Figure .1) to Fig.2 form a calyx. Arrange petals na- turally, with one petal over the two points and the other turned the opposite way (Figure 4). Wrap calyx and stem with I" strip of green paper. Cut leaf shaped pieces and Fig. add along stem while wrapping. 3 CARNATIONS: Fold a 4" kluare of pink or white crepe paper into CALENDAR NUMBER four ( Figure I). Cut as shown ( Fig- Fig. 3 ure 2) with two petals (using pinking shears if possible, if not, notch tops of petals). Repeat this procedure three more times, giving you Use nine inch plate. Cut outnumber squares from calendar. four bunches of petals. Pinch them Make dock hands from a 1/2"strip of cardboard. Cut the together at the center and wind wire large hand .41 ;" long and the smallerhand 21/2" long. Paste around calyx(Figure 3). Wrap the numbers on the back of a paperplate and fasten hands on calyx and stem with 1" strips of clock with a paper brad. Fasten a bitof yarn at top of clock green paper, adding leaf shaped pieces along stem while wrapping. for hanging. 151 Fig.4 152 139 138 L Sweet PotatoVine paper if it's available), pipe cleaners,staples. (You won't 123. Cultivating a need the box lids with this size box.) Equipment and MaterialsRequiredSweet potato,jarof Directions: water, toothpicks. 1. C o v e r the b o x with &eve paper and staple it to thebox.. Directions: C3 This may be done in any color the child chooses but the I.Use a sweet potato thathas a few "whiskers?' attendant may need to advise about color combinations. 2.Put it into a jar of waterwith its narrow end down. To make it a little fancier, you may want to make a that will 3.If you have one, use ajar with an opening ruffle around the top of the basket. This can be done support the potato.If tot, stick severaltoothpicks into simply by cutting a strip of crepe paper about lih or the thick end to holdthis end above the waterlevel. 2 inches wide and long enough to go around the top of well filled 4.Put the jar in a warm,dark place and keep it the box. The ruffle is made by stretching the paperbe- with water. tweenthe thumb and forefinger of both hands, stretchi g New roots will begin to growand when, in about ten a small section at a time andbeing very careful not to days. the stem appears,place the jar in a sunnywindow tear the paper. The straight edge of the paperis then where before long thevine will be full of greenfoliage. folded inside the box and taped securely on the inside. Twist together two pipe cleaners or you may want to 124. DrawingWith Crayons braid three different colors together. Staple each endof Equipment and MaterialsRequired -- Crayons,newsprint or the twisted pipe cleaners to opposite sides of the box to wallpaper, old windowshades, or old place mats, etc. form handles. If Easter grass isn't available, use clumped tissue paper. Directions: run: from crayons. 2. Make the basket as before but instead of putting a I.Remove paper wrappers around the top you may want to make fringe. Cut astrip Break crayons in half and encourageresidents to use side .71 2. the same as before and then fold the strip aboutfour surface as well as point. times (that is, in half and then in fourths). Cutabout Give resident any kindof paper available orlet aim 3. half way up the folded strip at about a quarter inch inter- kinds. choose from several vats. Unfold and tape to the inside of box as before. This Allow him completefreedom of expressionand choice 4. may be done in corresponding orcontrasting colors. of colors. drawn. Don't :7i 5.If he chooses, let himtell you what he has If infant shoe boxes are not available, the usual size maybe ask him. cut in half and one of the partsfitted inside the other, or you and cutting a piece to 6.Praise his work. may make two by cutting them in half fit the open end from the box lid. These may be pasted together 125. EasterBaskets with paper fasteners. If crepe paper isn't available, the boxes may be painted with Equipment and MaterialsReqUiredSmall boxes (infant's 4.73 (crepe poster paints. shoe bows are just aboutthe right size), colored paper 153 154 140 141

126. Easy Garden Directions: Equipment and Materials Requiredtunacan, small pebbles, Mix 1/cup cornstarch with 3 tablespoons of sugar. Add 2 carrot top. cups of cold water and place over a low flame. Stir constantly until the mixture is smooth. To color, blend vegetable coloring Directions: to different portions of the mixture. Have resident collect very small stones. Putpebbles in tuna can. Plant carrot top so endis showing. Fill with water. Water Spread newspaper over a large table. Dip glossy paper into each day (take turns) and watch it grow. water and let excess water drain off. Place moistened paper onto table with the glossy side up, and smooth away wrinkles.. Drop a teaspoon of paint onto the paper. Using your hand, 127. Eggshell Planter spread paint over the entire surface with a circular movement. Equipment and Materials RequiredEggshellhalves, egg If the paint becomes hard, add a little water. carton, milk carton, scissors.,dirt, water and seeds. Techniques: Use side of the hand for long, sweeping lines. Make fine lines with fingernails or a pencil, fork, etc. Swirl Directions: with finger tips for small flowers, berries, etc. Use side-of your 1. Fill the larger eggshells with dirt. fist for patting paint in for a stippled effect. Pat with your 2.Place a seed in each shell and coverwith more dirt. index finger to make bunches of leaves. 3.Place each shell in a compartment of egg carton. To blend: Place various colors onto the paper, one below the 4.Water daily. other, and smooth by lightly passing your hand over them. Do 5.When a tiny shoot emerges and growsseveral inches tall, not rub colors into each other. poke a few holes in the bottom ofthe shell and plantit To finish: Lift paper by two top corners and set onto news- in the groundoutside...shell and all. paper to dry (about one hour). If the paper wrinkles, press h.To protect your seedling from coldwinds, make aseed- with a warm iron. To preserve the colors, apply a coat of clear link protector: shellac after paper is glued onto article. To clean hands and table, remove paint with wet sponge. . tit off top and bottomof milk carton. h. cut quart size carton into twohalves. 129. Fruit Bowl c. Place section of cartonaround seedling, pressing it Equipment and Materials RequiredNinety-nine popsicle down into soil about 1/2". sticks (or tonguedepressers ), glue, paint for coloring. d. When seedling has grown sturdy, removeprotector. Directions: 128. Finger Painting I.Form a square by placingtwelve sticks side by side and Equipment and MaterialsRequiredCornstarch,sugar, gluing stick across each end of square, aboutI, inch water, vegetable coloring,newspaper, glossy paper(shelf from end of sticks. paper is excell1i)33 2. Turn square bottom side up. 1513 143 142

3. Glue four sticks on squareplacing them diagonally on Variations: original square (square one) toform a square (square 1.For any holiday, appropriate pictures may be cut from two) on a square. magazines or greeting cards and pasted on a single or 4. Glue four more sticksin the outside so that about341'" of folded piece of colored paper. sticks on preceding row areexposed. 2.For Valentine's DayGraduated hearts of different col- 5. Continue gluing layerafter layer (each layer toconsist ors or shades of color may be used. Example: start with of four sticks), one layer inthe direction of square one, a large red heart for the base. Cut the next heart slightly the next in the directionof square two, etc., untilthe smaller and shade lighter, paste this in the center of the desired height is reached. first heart; cut another heart, again smaller than the last, 6.Sticks may be painted before orafter construction. out of pink or white paper, and paste this in the center of the second heart, etc. 130. Go To Sea a. A small doilie may be used with a simple red heart pasted in the center or two hearts joined by an arrow. Equipment and Material.%RequiredToothpicks, cork, paper, b. Take a small circular doilie and paste several tiny and paste. hearts around the outside edge. Then paste one heart Directi0113: slightly larger in the center of the doilie. Glitter may I.Make a sail out of paper. be added to these, if desired. and stick it into thecork. 2.Paste a toothpick to the paper c.Begin with a folded piece of paper, either white or 3.Float the boats in a pailof water, bathtub, etc. pink. Cut a portion from a doilie either rectangular or triangular in shape. Place this on the card and 131. GreetingCardH paste the bottom edge and the two sides allowing the Equipment and MaterialsRequiredPaper ( white orcol- top to remain loose. (This resembles a pocket). Cut several tiny hearts (they may be different shades of ored ), paste. patterns,glitter, small bits of yarn,seasonal seals, A-1 tiny calendars, pictures cutfrom magazines or greeting,:ards color) and place them in the doilie "pocket." small pieces of brightcolored gummed paperanyof these d. Cut bright red yarn into tiny pieces (you may have things may be used. Byexperimenting, you may findothers. some pieces left over from another project). Cover a plain white or red heart with paste and sprinkle yarn Directions: over it. Allow this to dry. After it is (fry any excess half. This may be colored paperOF Fold a piece of paper in 7.1 will come off easily by shaking the card. white. A seasonal picture maybe traced on the card as aguide for the resident. This pattern ordesign may be painted or 3.For Christmasagain, fold piece of paper in half (either colored. You may want toapply some paste andsprinkle on colored or white). Cut a simple Christmas tree from green paper or the children may want to paint their own some glitter, orattach a small calendar, etc.A verse or a greeting may bent? inside. tree. Paste the tree on the front of the card. The tree may 145 144

Directions: gummed stars, circles from then he decorated with tiny Type APlain plates may be gummed paper, etc. used but fluted edge plates are a, Cut a simpleChristmas ornament from colored paper, more attractive. Use crepe pa- cover with pasteand sprinkle with glitter. Agreeting it on per, paper dollies, ribbons or may be written onthe back or youmay mount paper flowers for decorations. folded paper like the treeabove. Turn plate upside down and h.Trace a Santa Claus. This maybe done on white decorate bottom of plate. Fasten FIG paper and painted.Apply paste to beard and fur, etc. a ribbon tie on each side of plate for hat. Stick on a small amount of cotton.This may be cut double leaving a portion of oneside uncut so that it Type 13Use a paper sack 5 or 6 inches wide. Cut EA 4 inches from bottom. Cut up 1inch at all four corners will open. and fold up. Cut off one folded strip. Cut two round doilies 4.Laster-----Fold a piece of darkcolored construction paper in half. Paste one half of these doilies on each side. Fold up simple in half to form a card.Draw or trace and cut out a and place the two half sections on the front of the bonnet and cross fromwhite paper and paste this onthe card. fold these up. Attach ribbons to each side of sack. (white a.Easter eggs may be cutfrom folded, colored paper sacks make the nicest bonnets) leaving one side uncut or you maycut two eggs and staple them together. These maybe decorated any way you prefer,glitter. crayons, paints,gummed paper, gummed stars,etc. 132. 1 land Puppets Equipment and MaterialRequiredCrayons, art paper,felt, paste and old sock.

DircutionA: 1.Cut nose, mouth, eyes, etc.,from above material. 2.Paste on a sock to makefaces. 3.Slip sock over hand. Type C-- Mexican type sombrero .1-old a paper bag flat, fasten folded edges together and scotch tape. Measure 10" 1:13. I Intm from closed end and cut off. Cut a hole 4 inches wide in center of hat box tvp. If this is not available, round circle can Equipment and AlateriatsRequired Paper plates, crepe pa- flowers, paste, ribbons and be cut from poster paper. Punch a hole on each side, 1 inch per, paperdoilies. ribbons, paper from edge of center hole. Tie end of cord in each hole. Cut a scissors. 159 147 146 paper strip 3 inches wide and long enough to titaround 135. Inverted Flower Pot box top. Decorate the strip and bag. Cut 1 inch slits about Equipment and Materials RequiredFlowerpot, string and le (2 inches apart in edges of bag. Paste bag and strip to brim small stick, decorating material (paint,etc.). of hat. Directions: 1.Paint or decorate flower pot as desired. 2.Attach small stick to string and thread string through hole at bottom of pot. Fig.1 3. Hold in inverted manner and beat with stick or large nail. 136. Jewelry Box Type A Equipment and Materials RequiredSixtypopsicle sticks, glue, paint (water color) or tempera, etc. may be used. Directions: 1.Place eleven sticks side by side and glue one stick across

each end to form a solid bottom ( Figure 1 ).

F i 9.1 134. hot Plate Equipment and Materials Required--Ninepopsicle sticks, thirty-two color tiles, glue. 2. Make next layer by gluing two more sticks, one across Directions.' each end of the last two sticks glued t Figure 2). 3.Continue to make box higher by alternating two sticks 1.Lay four sticks parallel to each other and evenly spaced. on one end turn, two sticks on other end to desired 2.Glue five sticks crosswise. height (Figure 3). j.Glue one colored tile on all four sticks, in each space 4. Make lid same as bottom; between the five sticks. sticks may be painted before construction or after 4.Make lour legs by gluing four tiles togaher, one on top (Figure 4). of the other. S. Now glue legs, one on each corner of hot plate. p 9.3 161 162 148 .- 149

Type B 2. Make another identical side wall. Equipment and Materials RequiredWooden cigar box, wall- 3. For bottom, glue ten stickson top of each other (Fig- paper or colored pictures from magazines, masking tape, ure 2). paste. 4. Glue two reele walls to bottomas illustrated in Figure 3. Directions: 5.Decorate the side walls with color. 1.Select wallpaper from sample book. 138. Magic Mix (Clay Dough) 2.Place the box on the paper. Equipment and Materials RequiredSalt, water, cornstarch, 3.Draw around each side of the box, bottom, top and tour artificial food coloring. sides, plus an extra section for the inside of the lid. 4.Cut out the paper. Directions: 5.Place paper on the surface you are covering and with 1. Mix 2 cups salt and 2/3 cup water. masking tape carefully paste down the edges. 2.Bring to boil and add 1 cup cornstarch mixed with 1/2 Make drawing on masking tape to resemble hinges and cup water. 3. nailheads ..to make it look like a Treasure Chest. Tint desired color and knead (Will harden,so make 7.Shellac your box so that it will be more durable. only in quantities needed). 4. Make flowers, leaves, little dishes, beads. 8.Cloth or colored pictures from books may be used instead of wallpaper. 5.For Christmas ornaments, pata roll fiat, cut out desired shapes, add sequins or brilliance if desired. 137. Letter or Napkin Holder 139. Make a Menu Equipment and Materials RequiredForty-six slap sticks (or Equipment and Materials RequiredBlunt-pointed scissors, popsicle sticks ;, glue, crayons, paints, small tiles, pictures cut old magazines, art paper, constructionpaper, scrapbook or from magazines, etc. for decorations. even samples of wall paper may be used for background. Paste and brush or you may use popsicle sticks to spread thepaste. Directions: If this is to be an individual project. it is best to give the resident one thing at a time to do. Let him cut pictures of food 7-1 from the magazines and paste themon his background paper to make a menu for the day. Use the same idea as a group project:one resident to do the I):reetifm.s. cutting, another for pasting, etc. Thesemenus may be made 1.Make side walls by gluing eleven wooden sticks side by into booklets either by stapling them togetheror tying them side s two other sticks as illustrated(Figure 1). with bright colored yarn. U3 164 150 151

140. Make a Parachute be teeth. Take scissors and cut the square corners off the paper so that it has the general shape of the face. Equipment and Materials RequiredA squire of lightweight 3.Color the face with crayons or paint, adding the more material, tour short lengths of twine, small Abber toy. necessary marks of expression. Directions: 4.Thread a piece of string through either side of the mask 1.Tie the corners of the material to lengths of twine and and tie around the head. attach to rubber toy. 5.For more peculiar and weird effects, a nose may be add- Roll up and toss into the air and watch them float down. ed. See illustration. Fold it according to the diagram and paste it over the nose hole on the mask. Use whole paper 141. Making a Pencil Holder bags that are large enough Equipment and Materials RequiredSmall juice can, colored tofitover your head. string, shellac, paste or glue. Draw theface on the mask, cut out the features, Directions: color it, add a nose if you I.Wipe outside of can with paste or glue. like and add whiskers, 2. Wrap colored string or cord tightly around the can, from hair and hat and you have top to bottom until its sides are entirely covered. a mask that completely 3.knot the end. hides your features. This 4.Shellac over the string and let it dry. type can be used effectively for a guess who game. 5.Larger cans may be used for vases. Features may be cut from 142. Mask colored paper and pasted on the paper bag for a Equipment and Materials RequiredBrown paper or paper different effect. hag, crayons, paints, colored paper, scissors, paste. Directions.- 143. May Basket I.The tint step is to measure the mask against the face so Equipment and Materials RequiredA plate, small glass, pen- that when it is finished, the eyes, nose and mouth will cil or crayon, paper clips, ruler or some straight edge, paste. coincide with your own features. The easiest way to do this is to cut a piece of paper that is large enough to Directions: cover your whole face and will reach to your ears. I.Draw a circle on colored paper by tracing around the After you have drawn the face you wish, cut out the eyes, plate, cut out. nose and mouth. A triangular hole makes a good nose. 2. Mark a circle in the center by drawing around the rim For the mouth, cut a slit in which there may or may not of a 2" glass. 163 166 132 153

3. Mark the outer click into eight sections andcut on theme Directions: lines down to the inner circle. 1.Cut along both ends andone side of a milk carton. 4. Curl right hand edge of each flap arounda smooth pencil. 2.Lift the cut side to form a background andpaste a land- 5. Overlap each flap halfway with thecenter flap over the scape picture on it. left side of the section next to it. 3.Paint the rest of the cartonon the outsidegreen, brown, 6.Paste these two sections together: Apaper clip will hold or red. the two sections while youare pasting and while the 4.Fill it with mixture of soil and peatmass and put twigs paste is drying. into the soil in the foreground to makea fence. 7. Make a handle froma strip of paper 1" wide and lir 5.Stick artificial flowers into the soil in some places and long and paste the ends inside the basketor they may be sprinkle grass seeds to grow in other places. stapled. 6. Add some stones here and there and possiblya pocket mirror pool and some tiny doll figures. 144. Metal ShakerM 7.Shrubbery can be added by gilding and painting weeds and sticking them into the soil. Equipment and MaterialsRequiredSmall tin boxes of the type used for bandages, cigarettes, typewriter ribbon, scotch 148. Modeling Clay Jewelry tape. etc.. beads, pebbles, sand, rice, beans or dried peas, household cement, and enamel. Equipment and Materials RequiredClay,toothpick for making holes, pipe cleaners,yarn or cord. Directions: Directions: 1.Put pellets into boxes and experiment with various 1.Roll very small pieces of clay into halls or form small amounts until you have a pleasing sound. (You may squares or ovals. wish to use different kinds of pellets in each box or mix 2. Make hole through clay ball (orsquare or whatever them). shape you like), with toothpick. Seal top closed with cement; let dry. 3.Allow to dry and harden. 3.Paint box with enamel and let dry thoroughly; when dry, 4.String on yarn or cord for necklace;on pipe cleaners for decorate as desired. bracelets. (Elastic cord may be used if you like.) 4.!Hold a box in each hand and shake. Homemade Clay; 145. Milk Carton Garden 2/3 cup of salt, 1/2 cup of flour, 1 3 cup of water, bowl, vegetable coloring or tempera paints. Equipment and Materials Required--Milkcarton, picture of Simply mix the above ingredients well in the bowl. Youmay a landscape, paints, soil and peat moss, twigs, artificial flowers, prefer to omit the paint when mixing and wait until the work grass seeds, stones, tiny mirror. is finished then paint and shellac. 168 167 155 154

Macaroni may be dyed withfood coloring or tempera,broken Directions: instead of clay in small lengths, andused on yarn or cord Teach residents how to hold scissors. (Playthumb in one beads. hole and index or middle finger in other hole,attach scissors to string if resident has troubleholding on to scissors.) Give 147.Nature Jewelry resident scrap paper, magazines, oldChristmas cards, etc., Equipment and MaterialsRequiredAcorns,needle (blunt), just to give him practice in cutting. Lethim learn use of scis- thread (heavy ), candle. sors. In the beginning, theresident may not be able to cut, the paper will just fold. Hold paper onthe edge rather than Directions: difficult de- against candle several times.Punch fiat and let him cut the paper. Progress to more Wax thread by running signs, squares, circles, diamonds, etc., asthe rrident gets hole through acorn. C'ollts.:t acornsand string into beads.Resi- better. dents will wear as necklace or asbracelet. More advanced usescut pictures forscrapbook, paper dolls, 148. NoveltyJewelry pictures for greeting cards, etc. Equipment and MaterialsRequired---Needle,thread, candle, macaroni, strips of brightcloth. 151. Paper Dollies Directions: Equipment and Materials Required Asquareof paper Strips of cloth ( 4" x 1/2") arerolled tightly and tied.String (white or colored), and scissors. macaroni between verticalrolls of cloth. Residentswill wear as necklace orbracelet. Directions: Take the square of paper and told it inhalf, then in half Play 1. 149. Paper Carton Take a pair of scissors paper cartons. again in the opposite direction. Equipment and MaterialsRequiredLarge and cut out any design you choose. Thedesigns may be very simple or moreintricate ones. Open out the paper Cut both ends out ofthe box and let theresidents crawl and you'll find a paper doilie. bus or a through it. The resident maypretend to be a car or a be folded many appropriate sound 2. For very fancy doilies, the paper may train going throughthe tunnel making the trainable and stapling two times before cutting. This is good for upper effects for each object.Houses may be made by Residents or staff may educable residents. Or more largepacking boxes together. colored paper, if desired. ut out doorsand windows and paint. 3. The doilies may be mounted on 4.Rather than cutting designs from the paper, you may 150. PaperCutting have the children tear shapes fromthe paper having a blunt-nose scis- f.:quipment and MaterialsRequiredSmall somewhat similar effect. (i sors, old books,magazines or newspapers. 169 157 156

152. Paper Dolls 154. Pet Show Equipment and Materials RequiredBlunt-pointedseisms, Equipment and MaterialsRequiredPaper dollsand clothes; cardboard, pipe cleaners, red and blue ribbon, paste, old mag- paper, scissors, crayons. azines or books with animal pictures. Directions: Directions: Name the paper dolls and cut out thedoll's clothes. The at- Put on a pet show and collect animals for a zoo. Cut out am . tendant or the resident can cut outthe clothes. Let the resident mad pictures and mount them on a cardboard for the winning dress the doll as if she were going to aparty, picnic, etc. Make display. Make blue and red ribbons for awards. Use card- clothes fur the doll and let theresidents color them. board and pipe cleaners for cages. Let the residents be creative.They can help name thedolls and some of them will he able todesign clothes for the dolls. 155. Rain Rattle Equipment and Materials RequiredRoun,icottagecheese as 153..Pasting PicturePlaques ice-cream containers with lids. Heavy construction paper or Equipment and MaterialsRequiredPaperplate, colored con- wallpaper. Dowel rod ti" in diameter find about 6" lows struction paper (or other kind) paste,scissors, pictures from than heightofcontainer. Approximately 1 tablespoon dried, split peas or small pebbles. One small eyelet screw, lacquer or greeting cards or magazines, posterpaint or enamel, clear cellophane. gummed tape, gummedhanger. shellac, crepe paper or yarn. If the container is waxed, wash in hot water. (Do this the day Directions: before making the rain rattle so that it will be thoroughly dry.) 1.Cut colored paper into acircle or a square to fit center Directions: of paper plate. 1.Cover container with bright construction paper or wall- 2.Paste the paper to the center ofthe plate. paPer. 2. Cut hole in center of lid slightlysmallerthan diameter of 3.Cut out a picture from abook or greeting card and paste dowel rod so that it will be necessary toforcedowel it onto the colored paper. through hole: This will assure a tight fit. Put peas or plate with poster paint or 4.Paint the rim of the paper pebbies in container then insert dowel until it hits bot- enamelfor frame). tom of container with lid secured. 5. ['over the front of theplate with, cellophane, pullingit 3.Test for sound; number of peas or pebbles used will vary tightly and fastening its'edges to the back of theplate sound effect. with gummed tape. 4. On outside bottom of container insert eyelet screwto secure dowel in place. h.Add a gummed hanger on theback and hang on a nail 5.Shellac or lacquer Container and handle. Allow todry on the wall. thoroughly. 172 171 15ti 159

6.Attach a pompon or tassel ofcrepe paper or yarn to cut out with coping saw, smooth edges with #1-0or eyelet screw. 2-0 sandpaper. 7.Hold in hand and shake. 2.Flatten bottle caps; punch hole through center of each cap. Paint top of four caps with enamel. 3.Paint paddle with one coat of flat paint; let dry f":" twenty-four hours. Apply a second coat of half flat and half enamel. When second coat is dry, paint with enamel of desired color. Let dry thoroughly. 4. Mark paddle with pencil for location of nails. 5.Nail four caps, enameled one on top, at each pencil mark, leaving enough clearante so that caps can moveup and down freely on the nails to produce desired rattle. 6.Hold paddle in hand and shake it:

150. Rhythm Paddle 157. Sandpaper Blocks Equipment and Materials RequiredDime store toy paddle Equipment and Materials Required- -Two blocks of wood from which rubber ball is detached or 5" x 9" piece of1/4 " 3" x 1" sanded smooth, shellac or enamel, two strips of 01-0 plywood. sixteen beverage bottle caps. flat paint, enamel, four sandpaper each 2" x 4", eight thumbtacks. nails, brushes. Directions: Directions: I.Shellac or enamel blocks: allow to dry thoroughly. 1, If piece of wood is used. trace a paddle pattern onto it; 2.Place strip of sandpaper on 3" surface -.Mowingan overlap of y," on each end. Secure with thumbtacks at end. 3.Hold a block in each hand and rub sandpaper surfaces together.

158. Sense nal Poster Equipment and Materials RequiredA large sheet of paper ( the back of an old poster is good ), four sheets of construction paper taped together, or poster board, if it's available, patterns or pictures. paste, scissors, some scrap pieces of coloreilpaper. 174 161 160

Directions: 159. Silhouette The attendant may need to help theresidents to select the sub- Equipment and Materials Required---Large sheet of white ject for the poster and the mainfigures. They may need ladp paper, chair, black or dark colored paper, pencil or crayon, in balancing these figures on the paperthe first time too. The scissors, paste. idea is to have the more capableresidents do the tracing, cut- Directions: ting. etc. of the basic figures tobe pasted on the posters. Itis important nut to have too manylarge pictures, being sure to Have the resident sit in a chair so that his head (profile) casts leave plenty of empty space. Afterthis is completed, have the 1 a shadow on a sheet of white paper. This could be tacked on less capable players cut scrap paper(seasonal colors) into J the wall. The attendant or a capable resident may then draw tiny little pieces. These can be putinto a box until ready for an outline of the child's head simply by tracing around the use and the cutting maybe done in short intervals sothat they "shadow picture." This may be cut out and mounted on col - do not become too tired orbored with the project.When this ored construction paper br you may want to transfer it to is done, have them smear paste onthe unused part of the black or dark colored paper and mount on a white or light poster. that is, aroundthe central figures.Then let them colored paper. sprinkle on the bits of colored paperand allow to dry. Any mess paper can beeasily removed by shaking the posterwhen 160. Soda Straw Jewelry the paste is dry. Equipment and Materials Required- --Soda straws (white or Etampk: For lialloweenCut alarge black witch from colored), colored yarn. construction paper and pasteit in the center of the paper. Next cut two black cats and two orangepumpkins or jack-o- Directions: lanterns andlthese may bepasted alternately at thebottom Cut soda straws into lengths, slighify longer than the size of the poster (qr wherever youchoose). A bright yellow moon child's wrist. Cut yarn into lengths of about 20 inches. (Col- may be cut andpasted in the top cornerof the poster. Have ored straws make the prettiest bracelet, especially when used the resident cut tiny piecesof black, orange andyellow paper with yarn of a different color.) to sprinkle. The yarn must be threaded through soda straws. A simple way to do it is to push end of the yarn into one end of the made in the same manner.Use a piece A snow scene may be straw. Put the other end of the straw into mouth; draw on it of black or dark blue paperfor the poster. Have theplayers (or anything theychoose) from as if you were sipping a drink. This will pull the end of the cut a house, church trees through have details drawn orpainted in or yarn up to the lips. After the yarn has been threaded plain white paper (it may the straw, press the straw flat. Bend it into a circle. Put bent just be simple figures)and paste on the poster asbefore. Then pieces of white paper to besprink- straw around wrist and tit the ends in a neat bow. Trim ends have the residents cut tiny of yarn if they arc too loni. led on for snow. 175 176 162 163

161.. Spatter Painting 4. Keep all clean paper on another table to escape the dan- ger of its being spattered. t'quipment and Materials Requirrd-----Frame, paint brush, pat- 5.Be careful that nothing moves the print while spattering win, paper, box tacks, piece of screen wire. The frame may be is being done. Turn cardboard backing over after each made by using a cigar box or wooden box of comparable size. print to permit drying. If a cigar box is used, you may use thumb tacksor tiny nails so that the hos won't split or tear. Cut the top and bottom 162. Spin Top from box leaving only the four sides. Use piece of screen wire, slightly larger than the top of the box and tack it to the top Equipment andI.aterials Required-One match-stick, three of the frame. Old discarded toothbrushes (boiled or disin- milk bottle caps,if these are not available, you may draw fected ) may he used for brushes. Have one for each color. circles of a compiiikt)le site on lightweight cardboard and cut Poster or showeardcolore (like thin cream) or waterproof ink them out). may he used. Sheets of paper -- typing paper is excellent for Directions: this. Cups to hold paint and pins to hold leaf on paper. News- I.Sharpen one end of the match-stick. paper and cardboard. 2.Push the sharpened end of the match-stick through each 1)irectum cardboard circle. Cover table with three or four layers of newspaper. Any pat- 3.Paint with bright colors. tern may be used. Pm the pattern (such as a dog, bunny, tree, 4.Spin. snowflake, leaf, etc. ) on a sheet of plain white paper (white paper is placed over cardboard backing). Set the frame over 183. Stringing Liends this. Dip the brush into the paint and "paint" back and forth Equipment and Materials Required----A box ofcolored beads across the screen wire. Continue until the paper is well spat- and strings. tered Remove the frame, unpin the pattern. This leaves the pattern white. Direezions:

Trick% the Trades Placethe box of wooden beads on the table and start a string for each resident in the group. Have each resident string a I.lithe paint tills the squares of the screen quickly, there different color from the other residents it possible. They soon is too much paint on brush. It will then collect and fall begin to search for the color on their string and some will not In great .,drops on the paper. You want fine specks of string any color except the color which you have chosen for plint. not large drops. Clean screen and start again. them. I iscsmall and interesting patterns such as delicate leaves After stringing the heads, it is possible to tie a knot in the and flowets. string and to let them wear as a necklace or as a bracelet, or When pinning pattern down, be sure that pins are straight you can place the beads back in the box and then start another up and down.177 group. 178 164 165

16.4. Tis.111130urilies Let the resident press pansiesor sonic other flowers for several Equipment and Materials RequiredPaper plates, paste, cray- days in advance. After theyare pressed, place them in bottoir ons or water colors or tempera, string, bottle caps. of p. er plate. Cutsome cellophane the size of the bottom of Diret.tions: the plate. Paste cellophaneover pressed flowers. Color edge 1.Glue together three or four paper plates dependingon of plate for a frame. Hang with ribbon also. thickness desired. 2.Paint with water colors or tempera or crayons as desired. 3.Punch holes at regular intervals around edge fif plate. 4.Flatten bottle capsrum:1i holes in the center and string around plates. 5.Shake as a tinitiourine. 165. Plaques Equipment and Afaterials Required- --Paper plates, pictures, Ala paste, crayons or paint, bit of ribbon or yarn. Diret.tifmc.. Cut attractive pictures from magazines or cards, paste in center of plate. Ilse paints or crayons to make design around rim of plate. Ilse a hit of ribbon for a hanger and paste to hack t4 plate

Make in sets of 3's. Put snapshots of the family or other pic- !s1) tures and hang together. Choose the plates in different sizes. Allow several inches of ribbon between each plate. 179 110\1 V NIA (i.\

rind V.Qt .1I'M 1.2 NT

maw 169 1614 100. Ball Rolling I ntroduction to Homemade Games and Equipment The games and equipment on the following pages are inexpensive and may be made by the maintenance departments in 4;1 institutions. Most of these games aremade from plywood and small strips of lumber which makes it possible for the wards and the recreation department tohave severalof them available for use at any time. Scrap material may be utilized in many instances and may be obtiined from lumber yards and wood working ships. it has been found that this equipment serves the purpose for the mentally retarded as well if not better than many similar pieces of commercial equipment which are oftentimespriced out of reach for most institutions. There are numerousvaria- tions for almost all of those illustratedlimitedonly by the initiative and imagination of the personnel working with the different levels of retardation. It is possible that the illustra- tions given will create ideas forsimilar equipment. The construction of such equipment can be used asprojects for residents in vocational training classes within theinstitu- tion. Such an approach to meeting this need forequipment will create interest among both employees and residents and help to spark a vigorous recreation program. Many volunteer groups have participated in furnishing ma- for the in- terials and will often actually make the equipment 3 stitution. interested parents and parent groupshave also been known to furnish this type of equipment. 183 184 171 170 WHITE or Game Paint or numbereach square, 1(17. Ball Rolling mixing colors ornumbers uni- formly throughoutusing6 numbers or colors.Else rubber ball slightly largerthan holes. Playerindicates on bottom chart which colorhe guesses ball will fall into.If numbers ate used, anynumber of Mr- ent variations maybe adapted. This could alsohe possible with71 colors if teamscompeted.

ORANGE 16M. I3loek Rolling Game L. Make either 6- or S -sided rolling block out of 4" x 4" or fi" x 6" lumber. File corners (edges) slightly tomake block roll more freely. Paint each flat surface a different bright color. let students roll block on table or floor and guesswhich color will he on top when block stops. If player guesses cor- instead of colors. 8' rect color, he wins. Numbers may be used A blanket on top of table make an idealrolling surface. An. other good carnival game for prizes. Klock usually 12" toIN" long. Any type of small object like below is good to usewith this game. Player may putsomething on the color he chooses bc fore rolli7T to point out his guess. Several may play at one time by picking colors and taking turns rolling theblock.

'I 3 5 2 6 4 R E D YELLOW GREEN ORANGE 81 U E WH IT. 1 S.) 1 Rii, Z4" 170. Coke Bottle Gam t 173 5 15 50 5525 4020

Case of coke bottles. Pitch wooden rings, fruit jar rings or other circle objects. Player putting ring over top of a honk is a winner.

1171. Clothes Phi

L7'6] 109. Mill Board rani] Like from I 4 inch or N,m inch plywood.Paint background one 101, lines another color and numbers stillanother color. Bright colors N hots d he used. ( May hemade on paper or attendants he cardboard but permanent hoards prevent Use empty cold drink rime). Rubber jar rings from having to draw new boards each case and snap clothes pins or small bean bags used topitch at squares. over dividers a., indicated. each player toss three Draw line a few feet from board. Let May the same as above. The player with the highest times into the numbered squares. 'SSFor a change, fortunes or other score wins. 18 items may he clipped to pins. 17: 174 173. DiscTOSS 172. Dice Board 16" Make large dice (11 x I !,,i") out of wood. Usesmall drill to make small spot' in wtxxl.Paint these black and restwhite. Regular large dice may be used. Players indicate onend of hoard whether theythink they will roll 6 or under or7 or over.If they roll whatthey guess, theywin. Many other adaptations are possible. Dice may be painteddifferent colors on different sidesand HOLES 4" DIAMETER and they players guess what celors 1"DEEP will roll. One die could be usedin the Ilatter case. 2 2" GREEN

SIDES and BACK MADE of L" STOCK HOLES RED BACKGROUND BLUE 96"76" PLYWOOD 's\

Extra Block Under Each Hole For Flottom 1)iscs are cut from masonite and painted different colors 190 .71 176 BEST Li 177

WHITE RED 175. Matching Bottle Caps

Board may be made fromhea- paper or cardboard by drawl-. the diagram to left. Howevt permanent boards may be mat from I..fa inch plywood at mai tenancy department and pair ed or varnished with circles at numbers actually painted 4,, inwhatevercolordesire, (Checkerboards may be mat the same way). El Dimensions 6f board optional, depending on the size desire Two boards needed fqr playing game. Sixteen bottle cal (checkers, beans, or other objects may be used). Two players sit opposite each other. Each has hisboard 771111 front of him and a supply of bottle caps or otherobject (Eight for eacht,player). The first player holds a magazine 41.. other object between the boards to hide his board from ott player. The player holding the o!..j,.ct between the boards sat to his opponent, "I'll match you." Then each player putsthn bottle caps on any three circles of his board. After the six cal 174. Lucky Strike Board 1 "' have been placed, he first player takes away the magazir Wherever the caps match (are on the same numbers), the fir Madeof 144" plywood with I" x 2" border. 3" squares. Pitch player wins the matching caps from his opponent. If no cat pennies or similar objects. If one lands in "Lucky Strike" zone, match, he wins none. The players take turns holding the without touching any part of a line, player wins prize. ma, azine and matching each other. The winner is the first to W For carnivals. a rack may be made to hold (snugly) a certain all the boeffecaps from his opponent. number of packages of different brands of cigarettes. Every When a player is down to one or two caps, he puts as mal fourth or so package should be Lucky ,Strike.If a player is he has on the board and his opponent puts down the sail pitches penny inside circle on any Lucky Strike package, he lumber wins package of cigarettes or some other priu. 1i 192 178 177. Penny Pitching Board 17 4,

Funasiummommoinsinlumommasaasseamosimmmum umunisimunimisimmlimmsmimmesummumumimutIma mussimumammosammenommiimeRmummunnummai mmunuisammaimminumommuminiiimisimanumni amemissimmu 111111M111111111111111111O1 11111111111111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111111Mill Illin111111111111111111111111111111111111111111W01111111.111 MOMINEMOMEMIENNOMMINNOMME MMINONIMHHIRLIENNEROMONOMI 1111111111111111111M111111111111111111111111111

Of 1111P1111111r1.1111111111111 1111111111111.1.11111111111111 onaaminsimihotill111111111111111M11111 surzairsam11111111111111111

WHITE RED BLUE 11/12" squares. Use penniesor similar size circle made from broken phonograph records, slugs,buttons, etc. May be used in 17(3. Ni(P1)U 14'nee Th row many ways, such as those given below: 1. Penny falling in a blank use bean square without touching adjoin- Made from any type boardprderably plywood. ing sides wins a prize. Pennyfalling in black square wins bags. Try to throw through mouth. Distance Rimeboard de- jackpot. pends on resident level. 2. Number squares ( 1to 10 mixed )--penny ina square wins that numbered prizeor that number of additional pitches, etc. 193 BEST Li 194 3.Paint squares different colors(Red, Blue, Black. Green, White. etc.) awl Waver wineif ho auk. ;21A IA ase-r :At .01 181 180

36"

WHITE BLACK BLUE RED -BLACK (PEG) -RED, 81.ACK, WHITE

179. Ring TossB

178. Ring Toss-A Pegs 6" high and 11" in diameterexcept center peg which is 4" high. Use fruit jar rings, wooden rings or rope rings. Stands and slopes a little tothe rearat top. Hinged back to make stand. Rope acrossbottom. Older and brighter residents stand farther from thepegs in 5" pegs. -1 i" in diameterin noseof each face. Faces painted order to make the game more difficult. Those lesscapable, be madefrom 3/4" round or broken may stand closer and count only the total number of pegs on plywood. Pegs may ringed by the rubber rings rather than trot= handles, etc. a point score. BEST t,;- 195 196 I K2 1$. 18111 ..illisifflebokird-AThe holes in the 2" x 4" boar( PLYWOOD DIVIDERS lead Imo the slots behind. Thes holes may be numbered if de sired, to make the game mtw competitive. I.or severely re tattled iesidents, !Le gual ntigh be to put one of the discs it a slot. The shuffleboardshould b painted two or three bright col ors to attract attention. Th discs, which are pushedb., hand, may be cut from broke& baseball hats.t !,:i'!" round, o similar material. They shouk be approximamly Ili" thick sanded smooth and waxed at the bottom with the tops painter the colors desired. The bottom of the plyboart should be varnished and waxed Corn meal or powder will hell the discs slide freely. This gams may be carried from buildin; to building and will lie on tor table top or folding holder Wheelchair and bed patient. IMO. Satacer Ikmrti may easily use this game. plpf,00d painted bright color. Place. onfloor, table or stand to use. May be used in many ways. Circles may representsaucers with numbers m them or plain saucers maybe used. Pitch pennies, slugs. buttons orsimilar objects. Prizes may be num- beted and player wins prize his penny staysin. Or he may win by pitclimp pennyin any saucer. Circles with orwithout numb is may he painted onboard. Different colored clicks or saucers maybe used instead of numbers.D:fferent adaptations may be usedfor different ages and levelsof residents. 196 Good for all ages and leyels as well asbedfast and wheelchair re%i(lents. 1 9/ 1144 BEST

182. Shuffleboard-B

\\1\

The shuffleboardspictured on pages1M4 and 1$5 re- (Wife mnnewhatmore skill than the onedescribed on pagc 133.However their construction and use would be similar. 199 BR/ T r' 187 1 Kb 185. Table Pool 1$4. Table Crtxwel. so" 3 RUBBER WI RE or RUBBER WIRE SURGICAL TUBING SURGICAL TUBIP

201 202 by rubber wire Plyboard 'bottom, 1" x3" sides, surrounded Cue "balls" may be cut from broken bats or 11/2" wooden or by surgicaltubing. 11/4" or I V2" by dowels. Cue stick: may be made from broom handles. Varnish Pegs '1/4" in diameterand 11/4" high. Cues plywood table top and keep slick with shuffleboard wax or i am ton Same tvne cuesticks as for table 188 . P 1 tql

1.140. Waif Peg Board

Board muck to hang on or attach to wall. Pegs 4' to 6" long with a it) degree upward slope. Rings may be made from rope.

204 203 Bancroft, Jessie H. Game% for the Playground, Home, School, 'and APPENDIX A Gymnasium. New York: Macmillan t °o., 1936. $7.00. Professit)nal Boyd, Neva 1. Hundbooit of Games Chicago: 11. T. Fitzsimmons Co. Service and .Folk Games. Chicago: H. .1.. Fitzsimmons Co. Organizations Gymnastic. May. Chicago: H. T. Fitzsimmons Co. American Association onMental Deficiency .Hospital Games. Chicago: H. Fitzsimmons Co. P. 0. Boa 96 Roy Scouts of America. Scouting With Mentally Retarded Bays, New Willmantie, Connecticut rim] Brunswick, New Jersey. Child Study Association ofAmerica .Scouting with the Handicapped. New Brunswick, New lei.? 9 Fag With St. icy. New York 211. N. Y. CJ Mental Health Braaten, J., 48 Deepwood Cres., Don Mills, Ontario, Canada (Source). National Association for Mimeographed Collections of Singing Games, Quiet or Table lu Columbus Circle Games, Finger Plays anal Camp Songs. New York 19. New York National Association forRetarded Chiklren, Inc. Carlson, Bernice Wells and Gingland, D. R. Play Activities for the 3116 Park Avenue South larded Children. Nashville, Tennessee; Abingdon Press. $4.00. New York 16, New York Chapman, Frederick M. Recreation Activities for the Handicapped,. National Recreation Association New York: Ronald Press Co., 1960. $5.75. West Eighth Street Corbin, Don H. Recreation Leadership. New York: Prentice Hall. New York. New York and Adults, Inc. Cotton, Paul 1). "Providing Recreational Services for Mentally Re- 'the National Societyfor Crippled Children tarded at a State Institution," Ref rrairon for the PI and Handi- 1 South La Salle Street capped, 1962. Bin L. Smith, Executive Secretary, 500 Newton Chicago 3, Illinois Road, Iowa City, Iowa. $3.00 per year. Retarded Children Ontario Association for Curtis, Henry S. Play and Recreation. Chicago: Guin and Company, 48 Decpwood Cres , 1961. 13tm Mills, Ontario Dittman, Laura L. The Mentally Retarded Child at Home. Superintend- United Cerebral PalsyAssociation, Inc. ent of Documents. Washington 25, 0. C. 100 pp., $ .35. 321 West 44th Street New York 36, New York Frank, Dr. H. F., Ontario Hospital, Smith's Falls, Ontario, Canada (Source). Activities and Games for the Mentally Retarded. APPENDIX H Frankel, Lillian and Godfrey. One Hundred and One Rest Games for on Mental Girls. New York: Sterling Publications. General Publications Girl Scouts of America. WorLing with the Handicapped. el Leander', Retardation andRecreation Guide. 155 East 44 Street, New York, N. Y. and Recreation. American Association forHealth. Physical Education Rauh. Washington, D.C. Second Edition, - Scouting for the Handicapped. 155 East 44 Street, How We Do It Game New York, N. Y. 1959205 206 Prryr r 761 wr.v: -'Pit( 193

. .Working with the Handicapped.155 Fast 44 Street, New "Include All Children," 386 Park Avenue South, New York York. N. Y. 16, N. Y. #E43-4.10. Hanky, Ruth E., and Go Munson,Robert.The Complete Book of ."Swimming for the Mentally Retarded," 386 Park Avenue Children's Play.New York: Thomas Y. CrowellCo., 1957. $6.50. South, New York 16, N. Y. #E44$.25. Uni- Hartley, RuthE. Grosving Through Play.New York: Columbia Ontario Recreatkm Association. APilot Study on Swimming for the versity Press, 1952. Severely Mentally Retarded.Committee on Recreation for the tarded, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada. New York: Columbia .New Play Experiences forChildren. University Press, 1952. Ontario Recreation Association.Introduction to a Series of Pilot Stadia and Projects and Some General Principles that Have Been Found New York: ColumbiaUni- .Understanding Chih Iren's Play. Useful in naming Rare-idiom! Frogman for the Reiwded.On- versity Press. 1952. $5.00. tario Recreation Association, 100 Gibbs Street, Oshawa, Ontario,, Hudson. Margaret. Methodsof retaking MentallyRetarded Children. Canada. Teachers, Nashville, Tennessee,March George Peabody College for Peck, .1. B.0k-titulary of Games.Philosophical Library,. 15 East 40th 1958. $4.00. Street, New York,N. Y. Huffman, Mildred Blake.Fun Comes First forBlind Slow-Learners. Proceedings of Workshop-Conference in Recreation for the Mean Thomas, 1957. $5.00. Springheld, Illinois: Charles C. Retarded on Deverescs Schools Campus, Devon, Pennsylvania.The Hunt, Valerie V.Recreation for the Handicapped.New Jersey: Pren- Devemenz Fotusdation, Devon, Pennsylvania, 1960. titx Hall, Inc., 1955. 1958.$6.25. Rosen, David.Suggested Guide for Recreation for the Severely Re- International Council for ExceptionalChildren, Blue Grass Chapter, tarded.Vineland State School, Vineland, New Jersey, 19641. Exceptional Lexington, Kentucky,Books, Arts, Musk for the An Experiment in Recreation with the Road, Schlotter, B., and Svendsen, M. Child.1956. Available from FlorenceMartin, 1120 Shoshes Mentally Retarded.Illinois Department of Welfare, 160 North Lexington, Kentucky. LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois. and Your Retarded Kirk. Samuel. Karnes, Merle,Kirk, Winifred. You Staley, S. W.Games, Contests and Relays.New York: A. S. Barnes Co. New York: Macmillan Cerny,1958. $4.95. Child. Torpey, James, Odin, Dorothy andGore, Frank. Rainy Day Games New York: McGraw- Kraus. Richard.RerPation Leader's Handbook. and Activities.New York: F. A. Owen Publishing Company, 1961. Hill Book Co., 1955. $6.95. Van Rensselaer, Alexander.The Complete Book of Party Games.New For the Hap- Lakeland Village, Medical Lake,Washington, (Source). York: Sherman House. $4.00. piness. of Children. Film Sources Mitchell, Elmer D. and Mason. B.S.The Theory of Play.New York: Sources for films on Mental Deficiency with special reference to Rec- 1948. A. S. Barnes and Co., reation: "Bibliography on National Association forRetarded Children, Inc. Association Films, Inc., Ritkapfield, New Jersey. South, New Recreation for MentallyRetarded," 386 Park Avenue Education Progress Seiviee, Randolph, Wisconsin. York 16, N. Y. #E41--$.10. Federal Security Agency, U. S. Gov't Printing Office, Washington, D. C. "Day Camping for MentallyRetarded," 386 Park Avenue H. W. Wiliam Co., New York, N. Y. --. New York State Department of Mental Hygiene, Albany, New York. &yeah, New York 16, N. Y.*E42-3.25. 19: 194

Spear, Marion R. Keeping Idle Hands Busy. Waupun, Wisconsin:. The State Universities and State Film Librarieb. Handicrafters. New York University, New York, N. Y. Vaughn, Cy. 101 uses for Crafts-trip. Pyrotex Co., Inc., Leontinater, Pennsylvania State College, Stair College, Pennsylvania. Mass. APPENDIX C APPENDIX D Arts and Crafts Music and Rhythms Alpha Chi Omega. Toy Book: Self-Help Toys to MaAe forfit plod Crowninshiehi, sgtbel. The Sing and Play Book. Breton: The Boston Children. Indianapolis, Indiana: Alpha Chi Omega, 1955. Sec- Music Co. ... ond ed. Groetzinger and ()side. Play and Sing. Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania: Hayes Bebsk. C. A. Braiding and Knotting For Amateurs. Boston:Charles Publithing Co.,,$1.50. T. Branford Co., 1952. $2.50. Hamlin, Alice and Cluessfewl, Margaret. Singing Games for Chikiren. Ikantlinger, P. W. What To Da in Elementary Art. Wilkinsbiwg,Penn- ancianad, Ohio: \The Willis Music Company. $2.50. sylvania: Hayes School Publishing Co., $2.00. Long, Grayee E. Laughter and Song. Boston: The Boston Music Co. .What To Do in Ekartniary Handicraft. Wilkinsburg,Penn- MaCCarklICY, Laura P. Songs for the Niusery School. Cincinnati,Ohio: sylvania: Hayes School Publishing Co., $1.00. The Willis Music Company. $230. Boys Clubs of Canada, 6 Weredale Ave., Montreal6. P. Q., Canada Manus, F. and Borne% E. Rime, Rhythm and Song. Minneapolis, Min- (Source). Games to Build. nesota: Schmitt, Hall and McCreary Co. Dubin. Sidney. Mm Stick Projects. Cleveland Crafts, 4 East16th Street, Poulsson, Emilie. Finger Plays for Nursery and Kindergarten. New York; New York 3, N. Y. Lathrop, Lee and Sheppard Co., Inc., 419 Fourth Avenue, New Gaitskell, C. D. Arts and Crafts let Our School. Peoria,Illinois: Charks York 16, N. Y. $2.50. Wiechard, Angela C. Today's Tunes fur Children. Minneapolis, Minne- A. Bennett Co., Chicago: Copy- sota: Schmitt, Hall and McCreary Co. Graff, Michelle. ChertiikKraft 'Pipe Cleaner Art). Wood, Lucille and Scott, Louise. Singing Fun. Atlanta: Webster PI& right 19511 by Barry Products Co., Chicago 13, Illinois.$1.00. fishing Co. $2.32. Gross, Mary and Groin, Dale. Do It Fun. Peoria,Illinois: Chas. A. Bennett Co., Inc. APPENDIX E Group Proleas Fur Boys From Odds W Ands.Quality Publications, Chicago 11, Illinois. $1.00. Sources of Equipment and Supplies Group Projects For Girls From Odds 'N Ends. QualityPublications, Chicago 11. Illinois. $1.00. Alberta's Ceramic Supply American Handicraft Company !Wilson, Marion. Play Book For Small Fry'ow York: Hart Publish- 5434 N. Peters Street Advertising Department' 1001 Foch &rect. ing Co., Inc. New Orleans 17, Louisiana Fort Worth 2, Texas Lime, Barbara Bucher. Well Seasoned HolidayArt. San Francisco: Pearon Publishers, Inc. $1.00. American Art Clay Company American Playgruund Device Co. 4717 W. 166 &red Project and Idea Folio (No. One Elementary).American Crayon Co., Anderson, Indiana Indianapcdis 24, Indiana 1706 Hayes Ave., Sandusky, Ohio. $1.50. American Reedcraft Corporation and Crafts. Darien, Con- Randall, Grace A. Things To Make in Arts American Desk Mfg. Co. 417 LaFayent Street $1.15. necticut: The Educational Publishing Corporation. Temple, Texas Hawthorne, New lemony Seidman, Sy. Paper:aft For Fun. New York:Paden Book Co. 210 ci 196 197

American Seating Co. Childhood Interest, Inc. J. L. Hammett Company Merril:see Art Embroidery Co. Dallas, Tens FactoryRoselle Park,. Cambridge Mass. 1515 University Drive New Jersey Fort Worth 2, Texas The American Thread Co. Frederick Herrschner Ca 260 West Broadway Showroom--200 5th Ave., New York, N. Y. 72 E. Randolph Street National Handicraft Co., Inc. New York 13, N. Y. Chicago 1, Winds 199 Williams St. Childplay of New York, Inc. New York 38, N. Y. Archer Plastics, Inc. Holland Mold, Inc. 1125 Close Ave. 203 West 14th Street New York 11, N. Y. 1040 Pennsylvania Avenue Norman Ceramics Company, Inc. Bronx 72, N. Y. Trenton 8, New Jersey Mamaroneck, New-York The Arrow Rubber and Plastics Children's Music Center, Inc. Hoover Bras., Inc. Playground Equipment Box 104 5373 West Pico Blvd. The Mexico Forge, Inc. West Englewood, New Jersey Los Angeles 19, California Tempk, Texas and Kansas City, Mo. Mexico, Pennsylvania Athletic Trainers Supply Co. Community Playthings Playtime Products, Inc. 427 Broadway Ritual, New York House of Ceramics, Inc. New York 13, N. Y. 2481 Matthews Warsaw, Indiana Cooperative Recreation Service, Memphis 8, Tennessee Banner Plastics Corporation Practical Drawing Co. Inc. The House of Wood and Crafts Box 5388 80 Beckwith Ave. Radnor Road Paterson 3, New Jersey 3408-12 North Holton St. Dallas, Texas Delaware, Ohio Milwaukee 12, Wirconsin Barr Rubber Products Co. Recreation Equipment Corpora- Sanihesky, Ohio H. Davis Toy Corp. Ideal Toy Corporation tion 794 Union St. 200 Fifth Ave. Anoka-tart, Indiana Better Gift Service, Brooklyn 15, N. Y. New York 10, N. Y. 4505 Liberty Ave. School Playthings, Inc. Pittsburgh 24, Pa. Diamond Yarn Corporation Irwin Corporation 109 West Hubbard Street 10 West 29th Street 85 Factory St. Chicago, Illinois Stanley Bowmar Co., Inc. New York 1, N. Y. Nashua, New Hampshire Valhalla, New York 10595 Selected Equipment for School Game -Time, Inc. Man Jay Activities Milton Bradley Co. 3547 Webster Ave. Berkley - tardy School Buyers Littlefield, Michigan Springfield 2, Mass. New York 67, N. Y. 1900 North Naragansett Chicago 29, Ilhnois Brodhead Barret Company General Playground Equipment Jolly Toys, Inc. Co. 4360 East 71st Street 459 West 15th Street Shreveport Ceramk Supply 1139 South Courtland Avenue Cleveland 5, Ohio New York 11, N. Y. 444 Olive Street Kokomo, Indiana Shreveport, Louisiana California Ceramics, Inc. Kiln Paragon Industries 12422 East Carson Street Giant Manufacturing Company Box 10133 Stewart (lay CO,, Inc. Artesia, California Council Bluffs, Iowa Dallas 7, Texas 333 Mulberry St. New York 13. N. Y. hildcraft Equipment Co., Inc. The Gong Bell Mfg. Co. Knickerbocker Toy Co. 155 E. 23rd Street East Hamm, Conn. 1107 Broadway Sun Rubber Ca New York 10, N. Y. 200 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. New York 10, N. Y. Barberton, Ohio 111 212 198 199

Tandy Leather Co. Lee Wards Hospital for Mentally Retarded Pita Dalai, A Suite Training School htSP Laura Street Liberty and Page Avenues at Stockley and Hospital Jacksonville 2, Florida Elgin, Illinois Georgetown, Dekiware C'olurnhia, South Carolina Whitman Publishing Co. Rosewood State Hospital Terrace Ceramic Supply Leesville State Scher 1220 Mound Ave. Leesville, Louisiana Owing Mills, Maryland 403 Ster Moon Road Ruin, Wisconsin Monroe, Louisiana Lufkin State Schad Sunland Training Cinder at Wolverine Sports Supply Lufkin, Texas Fon Myers, Lee County Thrift Mailman 3666 South State Street Lynchburg State School and Fort Myers, Florida Wantagh, slew York Ann Arbor, Michigan HosPital Sunland Training Center Wake Toy Co., Inc. Colony, Virginia of Dark County 38 West 37th Street Hollywood, Florida New York IN, N. Y. Mexia State School APPENDIX F Mexia, Texas Sunland Training Center at Murdock Center Gainesville Residential FacilitiesParticipating Butner, North Carolina Gainesville, Florida Training Project O'lleny Center Sunland Training Center at In Attendant Goldsboro, North Carolina Marianna Enid State School Abilene State School Outwood State Hospital and Marianna, Florida Abilene, Texas Enid, Oklahoma School Sunland Hospital at Orlando Arkansas Children's C'olony Frankton State Hospital and Dawson Swings, Kentucky Orlando, Florida 'onway, Arkansas Schad Partlow State School and Hospital Travis State School Frankton, Kentucky Tuscaloosa, Alabama Austin State School Austin, Texas Gracewood State School and Austin, Texas Paul's Valley State School Western Carolina Center Hospital Paul's Valley, Oklahoma t -aswell Center Gracewood, Getirgia Morganton. North Carolina Kinston, North Carolina Petersburg Training School and Greene Valley State Hospital Hospital West Virginia Training School Children's House and School Petersburg, Virginia St Marys, West Virginia Ruston, Louisiana Greeneville, Tennessee Pinecrest State School Whitten Village (lover Bottom Hospital and Hammond State School Pineville, Louisiana Clinton, South Carolina School Hammond, Louisiana Dortelson, Tennessee Henryttm State Hospital Denton State School Sykesville, Maryland Denton, Texas Ellisville State School Hissoni Memorial Center Ellisnitississ. ippi Sand Springs, Oklahoma 214