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Historic Preservation Creating Communities of Place Office of April 96 State Planning Memo Department of the Treasury Vol. II, No Governor Treasurer . 3 Christine Todd Whitman Brian W. Clymer HISTORIC PRESERVATION This OSPlanning Memo presents informa- The State Plan includes goals and strate- This OSPlanning Memo was pre- tion to promote historic preservation gies designed to support historic preser- pared by the New Jersey Historic efforts by local officials, citizen and pro- vation. Indeed, one of the eight State Preservation Office with assistance from fessional planners, as well as concerned Plan goals is to “preserve and enhance his- residents and property owners. toric, cultural, open space and recreational the Office of State Planning. Additional lands and structures.” The Plan also information was contributed by the The New Jersey State Development and includes 12 statewide policies for historic, Center for Urban Policy Research at Redevelopment Plan recognizes that the cultural and scenic resources. Rutgers University and the New Jersey preservation of New Jersey’s significant Historic Trust. cultural resources benefits the physical, WHAT IS HISTORIC PRESERVATION? OSPlanning Memo is a monthly pub- environmental, and economic quality of Historic preservation is the identification, lication which highlights strategies, life and ensures the retention of the sense evaluation, and protection of historic and techniques and data of interest to the of place fundamental to all successful archaeological resources so that they con- planning community in New Jersey. I communities. Its vision encompasses the tinue to play an integral, vibrant role in welcome your comments on these memos development of new communities that not their communities. New Jersey’s historic and your suggestions for future topics. only conserve today’s cultural and natural properties and the environment in which resources, but will themselves become the they exist are irreplaceable assets that Herb Simmens, Director subjects of preservation efforts in the contribute to the quality of life that resi- Office of State Planning next century. dents enjoy and expect. 609.292.3155 [email protected] Historic properties are the physical links to our past, providing meaning to the present and continuity with the future. The economic benefits of historic preserva- They are the physical records of the tion are gaining visibility, as illustrated by events and people that shaped the pattern the preliminary findings of a study being of New Jersey’s history. Historic proper- conducted for the New Jersey Historic ties add visual and intellectual spirit to the Trust by the Rutgers University Center physical environment that New Jersey res- for Urban Policy Research. The study, idents experience daily. funded by the National Park Service, shows that every $1 million invested in Historic properties have both economic and rehabilitating historic residential proper- cultural value. They provide a sense of con- ties in New Jersey generates nearly 75 tinuity with the past, attract visitors, create a jobs and $2.5 million in economic activity sense of civic pride and provide opportuni- on the national level. Within the state, ties to enrich the education of our children. the same investment generates 25 jobs and $1.1 million in economic activity. For Historic preservation is more than saving each dollar of in-state funding matched by old structures; it also includes conserving outside dollars, the in-state impacts are scenic views and natural landscapes that are doubled, the study reveals. a part of our daily lives. These are treasures Binghamton Ferryboat, Edgewater, Bergen County we will surely miss if they are significantly Historic preservation is a recognized pub- Binghamton c. 1945 -1953 altered or destroyed. lic policy and activity. Supported and OSPlanning Memo erties of national importance as National Historic Landmarks. The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 established the National Register of Historic Places as the official list of national historic resources worthy of preservation. This act also expanded the National Register to include buildings, structures, sites, objects, and districts significant in state or local, as well as national, history. The benefits of National Register listing include recognition of significance, eligibility for federal investment tax credits for the rehabilitation of income-producing proper- ties, and consideration in the planning of federal or federally-assisted projects. The National Register does not place restrictions on the actions of private property owners. Old First National Bank (now, First Union Bank) c. 1895, Main Street and West Avenue, Woodstown, The National Historic Preservation Act also Salem County - Photo by: Matthew Gough authorized the creation of a historic preser- implemented at the national, state, and vation program in each state, with a state municipal levels, it is undertaken by individu- historic preservation officer appointed by als, organizations, and government. In New the governor, to administer historic preser- The National Register does not place Jersey, the public commitment to implement vation activities. In New Jersey, the State restrictions on the actions of private historic preservation is defined by three dis- Historic Preservation Officer is the property owners. tinct designation types: the National Register Commissioner of the Department of of Historic Places, the New Jersey Register Environmental Protection (DEP). The DEP of Historic Places, and designation by a Commissioner is also a member of the State municipality pursuant to the authority of the Planning Commission. New Jersey Municipal Land Use Law, the state enabling legislation for planning, zoning The State Historic Preservation Office (HPO) and land development regulation. is located within the DEP’s Division of Parks and Forestry. The HPO processes nomina- In addition, various state, county and munic- tions to the National Register of Historic ipal agencies that promote economic devel- Places, implements state and federal preserva- opment, affordable housing and natural tion programs and provides guidance and resource conservation meet their objectives technical assistance to the public, public For private property owners, listing in by promoting historic preservation. For agencies and private entities. the New Jersey Register of Historic example, the New Jersey Housing and Mortgage Finance Agency’s low-income tax Places does not mean that limitations NEW JERSEY REGISTER OF HISTORIC will be placed on the property by the credit program, the state Green Acres pro- state or federal government. Within gram for open space conservation, and the PLACES the limits of municipal zoning laws, N.J. Department of Transportation’s pro- The New Jersey Register of Historic Places private property owners are free to uti- gram of “Local Aid for Centers” all seek to Act of 1970 (N.J.S.A. 13:1B-15.128 et seq.) lize, renovate, alter, sell or demolish coordinate activities with local historic established the New Jersey Register of their properties. preservation efforts. State Plan policies sup- Historic Places as the state’s official list of port those programs, as well as “Main historic resources. The New Jersey Register Street” programs that aid in protecting his- is modeled after the National Register and toric sites and structures during the revital- uses the same criteria for evaluating the eligi- ization of traditional downtown areas. Scenic bility of resources and the same forms for Byways programs on the State and County nominating properties. Nominations to the levels also promote the objectives of historic New Jersey Register and applications for preservation. authorization of projects affecting properties listed in it are both processed by the HPO. NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC Listing in the New Jersey Register of Historic PLACES Places provides recognition of a property’s The most effective protection of his- The first national register was established by historic importance and assures protective toric resources is designation and Congress in 1935 with the passage of the review of public projects that might adverse- regulation at the municipal level. Historic Sites Act. This act directed the ly affect the character of the historic proper- Secretary of the Interior to designate prop- ty. All public undertakings affecting regis- 2 HISTORIC PRESERVATION tered properties are subject to review and approval in accordance with the New Jersey Some Distinctive Properties on the National and Register of Historic Places Act and are New Jersey Register of Historic Places implemented through state regulations (N.J.A.C. 7:4 et seq.). Property Municipality County Notes Lucy the Elephant Margate Atlantic National historic landmark For private property owners, listing in the Binghamton Ferryboat Edgewater Bergen Restaurant New Jersey Register of Historic Places does Radburn Fair Lawn Bergen Planned “suburban” community not mean that limitations will be placed on Stone Arch Railroad Bridge Bordentown Burlington First street over RR grade separation the property by the state or federal govern- Penn Station Newark Essex Historic railroad station ment. Within the limits of municipal zoning Holland Tunnel Jersey City Hudson National historic landmark laws, private property owners are free to uti- Green Sergeant’s Covered Bridge Delaware Hunterdon N.J.’s only surviving covered bridge lize, renovate, alter, sell or demolish their Trenton Bath House/Jewish Center
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