Història Del Poble Maia
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Ancient Maya: the Rise and Fall of a Rainforest Civilization Arthur Demarest Index More Information
Cambridge University Press 0521592240 - Ancient Maya: The Rise and Fall of a Rainforest Civilization Arthur Demarest Index More information Index Abaj Takalik (Guatemala) 64, 67, 69, 72, animals 76, 78, 84, 102 association with kings and priests 184, aboriculture 144–145 185 acropoli see epicenters and bird life, rain forests 123–126 agriculture 117–118 and rulers 229 animal husbandry 145 apiculture 145 Classic period 90, 146–147 archaeology effects of the collapse, Petexbatun 254 and chronology 17, 26 operations in relation to the role of elites and cultural evolution 22–23, 26, 27 and rulers 213 history 31 post-Spanish Conquest 290 genesis of scientific archaeology 37–41 Postclassic period, Yucatan 278 multidisciplinary archaeology 41–43 in relation to kingship 206 nineteenth century 34–37 specialization 166 Spanish Conquest 31–33 and trade 150 processual archaeology 23, 26 see also farming practices; gardens; rain settlement pattern archaeology 50, 52 forests architecture 99 Aguateca 230, 251, 252, 259, 261 corbeled vault architecture 90, 94, 95 craft production 164 northern lowlands, Late Classic period destruction 253 235–236 specialist craft production 168 Puuc area, Late Classic period 236 Ajaw complex 16 roof combs 95 ajaws, cult 103 talud-tablero architectural facades alliances, and vassalages 209 (Teotihuacan) 105, 108 Alm´endariz, Ricardo 33 Arroyo de Piedras (western Pet´en)259 alphabet 46, 48 astronomy 201 Alta Vista 79 and astrology 192–193 Altar de Sacrificios (Petexbatun) 38, 49, Atlantis (lost continent) 33, 35 81, 256, -
INFORME Situación De Los Derechos Humanos En GUATEMALA En 2011 Y 2012
INFORME SITUACIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS EN GUATEMALA EN 2011 Y 2012 Conflictos agrarios, energéticos y extractivos Departamentos de Alta Verapaz, El Quiché y San Marcos Situación de los derechos humanos en Guatemala en 2011 y 2012 ELABORACIÓN CONTACTO Educación para la Acción Crítica Càtedra Unesco en Sostenibilitat Cátedra UNESCO de Sostenibilidad de la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Colom, 1 08222 Terrassa (España) Grupo de Investigación en Derechos Humanos y Sostenibilidad Coordinación del proyecto: Xavier Álvarez EdPAC del Castillo Sant Pere més alt, 31, 2º3ª 08003 Barcelona (España) Coordinación de la investigación: Arturo Landeros [email protected] Redacción: Marco Aparicio, Platera Bart- http://investigaccionddhh.wordpress.com lett, Nuria Cortada, David Espinola, Ieva Giedraitytė, Mónica Gironés, Clara Martínez, Sara Mingorría, Laia Haurie y Arturo Lande- ros MISIÓN DE OBSERVACIÓN EN GUATEMALA EDICIÓN Y COMPAGINACIÓN 2011 Y 2012 EdPAC Alicia Sánchez, Andrea Eguren, Arturo Landeros, Carolina Novella, Clara Martínez, David Espinola, Delphine Ortega, Laia Haurie, Marco Aparicio, Mónica Gironés, Platera Bartlett, Raimon Crespi, Santiago Bonmati, Sara Mingorría y Xavier Álvarez. ILUSTRACIÓN PORTADA Paula Laverde http://paulalaverde.wordpress.com/ TRANSCRIPCIONES ENTREVISTAS Alfredo Rodríguez, Carles Sedó, Delphine Ortega, IMPRESIÓN Elisa Figueroa, Estrella Pineda, Emmanuel Bran, Ieva El Tinter SL Giedraitytė, Iñaki Samaniego, Jordi Farrés, Marina Impreso en papel 100% reciclado Barroso, Marina Domènech, Marta Roda, Mireia Gallego, Montse Artés, Montse Torrents, Neus Riga, Núria Sánchez, Patricia Messa, Samanta Fernández, Santiago Bonmatí, Santos Batzin, Sara Mingorría, Vi- DEPÓSITO LEGAL tor Taveira, Xavi Zulet, Xavier Montanyès y Yamilé Miró. LICENCIA FECHA DE PUBLICACIÓN Creative Commons 31 de enero de 2013 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ es/ 2 ÍNDICE PRÓLOGO 5 1. -
The Rulers of Palenque a Beginner’S Guide
The Rulers of Palenque A Beginner’s Guide By Joel Skidmore With illustrations by Merle Greene Robertson Citation: 2008 The Rulers of Palenque: A Beginner’s Guide. Third edition. Mesoweb: www. mesoweb.com/palenque/resources/rulers/PalenqueRulers-03.pdf. Publication history: The first edition of this work, in html format, was published in 2000. The second was published in 2007, when the revised edition of Martin and Grube’s Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens was still in press, and this third conforms to the final publica- tion (Martin and Grube 2008). To check for a more recent edition, see: www.mesoweb.com/palenque/resources/rulers/rulers.html. Copyright notice: All drawings by Merle Greene Robertson unless otherwise noted. Mesoweb Publications The Rulers of Palenque INTRODUCTION The unsung pioneer in the study of Palenque’s dynastic history is Heinrich Berlin, who in three seminal studies (Berlin 1959, 1965, 1968) provided the essential outline of the dynasty and explicitly identified the name glyphs and likely accession dates of the major Early and Late Classic rulers (Stuart 2005:148-149). More prominent and well deserved credit has gone to Linda Schele and Peter Mathews (1974), who summarized the rulers of Palenque’s Late Classic and gave them working names in Ch’ol Mayan (Stuart 2005:149). The present work is partly based on the transcript by Phil Wanyerka of a hieroglyphic workshop presented by Schele and Mathews at the 1993 Maya Meet- ings at Texas (Schele and Mathews 1993). Essential recourse has also been made to the insights and decipherments of David Stuart, who made his first Palenque Round Table presentation in 1978 at the age of twelve (Stuart 1979) and has recently advanced our understanding of Palenque and its rulers immeasurably (Stuart 2005). -
Physical Expression of Sacred Space Among the Ancient Maya
Trinity University Digital Commons @ Trinity Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research Sociology and Anthropology Department 1-2004 Models of Cosmic Order: Physical Expression of Sacred Space Among the Ancient Maya Jennifer P. Mathews Trinity University, [email protected] J. F. Garber Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/socanthro_faculty Part of the Anthropology Commons, and the Sociology Commons Repository Citation Mathews, J. P., & Garber, J. F. (2004). Models of cosmic order: Physical expression of sacred space among the ancient Maya. Ancient Mesoamerica, 15(1), 49-59. doi: 10.1017/S0956536104151031 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Sociology and Anthropology Department at Digital Commons @ Trinity. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Trinity. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ancient Mesoamerica, 15 (2004), 49–59 Copyright © 2004 Cambridge University Press. Printed in the U.S.A. DOI: 10.1017/S0956536104151031 MODELS OF COSMIC ORDER Physical expression of sacred space among the ancient Maya Jennifer P. Mathewsa and James F. Garberb aDepartment of Sociology and Anthropology, Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA bDepartment of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA Abstract The archaeological record, as well as written texts, oral traditions, and iconographic representations, express the Maya perception of cosmic order, including the concepts of quadripartite division and layered cosmos. The ritual act of portioning and layering created spatial order and was used to organize everything from the heavens to the layout of altars. -
11 UNDER the RULE of the SNAKE KINGS: UXUL in the 7TH and 8TH Centuries*
UNDER THE RULE OF THE SNAKE KINGS: UXUL IN THE 7th AND 8th CENTURIES Nikolai Gru B E Kai Del V endahl Nicolaus Seefeld Uxul Archaeological Project Universität Bonn Benia M ino Volta Department of Anthropology, University of California-San Diego RESUMEN : Desde el 2009, la Universidad de Bonn efectúa trabajos arqueológicos en el sitio de Uxul, una ciudad maya del Clásico en el extremo sur del estado de Campeche. El objetivo del proyecto es investigar la expansión y desintegración de los poderes hegemónicos en el área maya, con un enfoque en la zona central de las Tierras Bajas y específicamente en la estrecha relación de Uxul con los gobernantes de la poderosa dinastía Kaan de Calakmul. Evidencia novedosa confirma las hipótesis de que Uxul estuvo bajo control de Calakmul en el siglo V ii y de que su caída se puede relacionar directamente con las derrotas de los gobernantes Yukno’m Yich’aak K’ahk’ y Yukno’m Took’ K’awiil a cargo de Tikal en 695 y 736 d. C., respec- tivamente. Cuando las autoridades centrales colapsaron en la segunda mitad del siglo Viii, la población de Uxul ni siquiera fue capaz de mantener la infraestructura más importante para sobrevivir: aquella relacionada con el manejo del agua. PALAB R AS CLAVE : Uxul, Calakmul, palacio real, manejo de agua, colapso. ABST R ACT : Since 2009, the University of Bonn is conducting archaeological investigations at Uxul, a medium sized classic Maya city in the extreme south of the Mexican state of Campeche. The project’s research goal is to investigate the expansion and disintegration of hegemonic power in the Maya area, concentrating on the core area of the Maya Lowlands and especially on Uxul’s close relation to the powerful Kaan dynasty at Calakmul. -
Ancient Maya Territorial Organisation of Central Belize: Confluence of Archaeological and Epigraphic Data
&RQWULEXWLRQVLQ1HZ:RUOG $UFKDHRORJ\ ± ANCIENT MAYA TERRITORIAL ORGANISATION OF CENTRAL BELIZE: CONFLUENCE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND EPIGRAPHIC DATA CHRISTOPHE H ELMKE University of Copenhagen JAIME AWE ,QVWLWXWHRI$UFKDHRORJ\%HOL]H Abstract 7KHPRGHOVSURSRVHGIRUDQFLHQW0D\DWHUULWRULDORUJDQL]DWLRQLQFHQWUDO%HOL]HGLIIHUVLJQL¿FDQWO\IURPRQH UHVHDUFKHU WR DQRWKHU 'XH WR WKH UHODWLYH GHDUWK RI KLHURJO\SKLF GDWD PRVW PRGHOV KDYH EHHQ IRUPXODWHG RQ WKHEDVLVRIDUFKDHRORJLFDOGDWDDORQHDQGDUHSUHGRPLQDQWO\VLWHVSHFL¿FDVVHVVPHQWV,QYHVWLJDWLRQVLQFHQWUDO %HOL]HRYHUWKHSDVWIRXUGHFDGHVKDYHKRZHYHUEURXJKWWROLJKWVHYHUDONH\SLHFHVRIHSLJUDSKLFGDWDLQFOXGLQJ (PEOHP*O\SKV:KHQYLHZHGLQFRQMXQFWLRQWKHDUFKDHRORJLFDODQGHSLJUDSKLFGDWDSURYLGHDQHZYDQWDJHIRU GHWHUPLQLQJWKHVWUXFWXUHRIWKH&ODVVLFSHULRGVRFLRSROLWLFDOODQGVFDSHRIWKH%HOL]H9DOOH\ Resumen /RVPRGHORVSURSXHVWRVSDUDODRUJDQL]DFLyQWHUULWRULDOGHORVPD\DVGHO3HUtRGR&OiVLFRHQ%HOLFH&HQWUDO GL¿HUHQVLJQL¿FDWLYDPHQWHGHXQLQYHVWLJDGRUDRWUR'HELGRDODHVFDVH]GHGDWRVMHURJOt¿FRVODPD\RUtDGHORV PRGHORVVHKDQIRUPXODGRWHQLHQGRHQFXHQWDWDQVRORGDWRVDUTXHROyJLFRV\VHFHQWUDQSUHGRPLQDQWHPHQWHVREUH FDGDVLWLRLQYHVWLJDGR/DVH[SORUDFLRQHVHQ%HOLFH&HQWUDOGHODVFXDWUR~OWLPDVGpFDGDVVLQHPEDUJRKDQVDFDGR DODOX]QXPHURVDVSLH]DVFODYHTXHDSRUWDQGDWRVHSLJUi¿FRVLQFOX\HQGR*OLIRV(PEOHPD9LVWRVHQFRQMXQWRORV GDWRVDUTXHROyJLFRV\HSLJUi¿FRVSURSRUFLRQDQXQDSRVLFLyQPiVYHQWDMRVDHQODGHWHUPLQDFLyQGHODHVWUXFWXUD del paisaje socio-político del Período Clásico del Valle de Belice. INTRODUCTION $ YDULHW\ RI PRGHOV RI DQFLHQW 0D\D WHUULWRULDO RUJDQLVDWLRQ KDYH EHHQ SURSRVHG IRU WKH %HOL]H 9DOOH\RYHUWKHSDVWIRXUGHFDGHV,QSDUWWKHTXDQWLW\RIVXFKPRGHOVFDQEHH[SODLQHGE\WKHIDFW -
C. Ebert 1 CLAIRE E. EBERT Center for Comparative Archaeology
C. Ebert 1 CLAIRE E. EBERT Center for Comparative Archaeology Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh 3302 Wesley Posvar Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 Email: [email protected] EDUCATION Ph.D., Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, 2017. M.A., Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, 2013. B.A., Anthropology, University of New Mexico, 2010. ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS 2017-current Visiting Scholar, Center for Comparative Archaeology, Department of Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh. 2016-2017 Instructor, Department of Anthropology, Penn State University. Relevant Affiliations 2017-current Member, Climate and Global Change Research Center, University of Pittsburgh. RESEARCH INTERESTS Development of social complexity, human-environment interaction, transition from foraging to farming, origins of agriculture, Archaic and Formative period Mesoamerica, Mesolithic and Neolithic Europe, household and settlement archaeology, radiocarbon dating, stable isotope geochemistry, geochemical sourcing analyses, paleoclimate reconstruction, GIS and remote sensing. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS Peer-Reviewed Publications n.d. Ebert, C. E., J. A. Hoggarth, B. J. Culleton, J. J. Awe, and D. J. Kennett. The role of diet in resilience and vulnerability to climate change: Radiocarbon and stable isotope evidence from the ancient Maya community at Cahal Pech, Belize. Current Anthropology. (In Revision) n.d. Helmke, C., C. E. Ebert, J. J. Awe, and J. A. Hoggarth. The lay of the land: A political geography of an ancient Maya kingdom in west-central Belize. Contributions in New World Archaeology. (In Review) n.d. Walden, J., C. E. Ebert, J. A. Hoggarth, S. Montgomery, and J. J. Awe. Modeling variability in Classic Maya intermediate elite political strategies through multivariate analysis of settlement patterns. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology. -
Mexico), a Riverine Settlement in the Usumacinta Region
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE From Movement to Mobility: The Archaeology of Boca Chinikihá (Mexico), a Riverine Settlement in the Usumacinta Region A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology by Nicoletta Maestri June 2018 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Wendy Ashmore, Chairperson Dr. Scott L. Fedick Dr. Karl A. Taube Copyright by Nicoletta Maestri 2018 The Dissertation of Nicoletta Maestri is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation talks about the importance of movement and – curiously enough – it is the result of a journey that started long ago and far away. Throughout this journey, several people, in the US, Mexico and Italy, helped me grow personally and professionally and contributed to this accomplishment. First and foremost, I wish to thank the members of my dissertation committee: Wendy Ashmore, Scott Fedick and Karl Taube. Since I first met Wendy, at a conference in Mexico City in 2005, she became the major advocate of me pursuing a graduate career at UCR. I couldn’t have hoped for a warmer and more engaged and encouraging mentor. Despite the rough start and longer path of my graduate adventure, she never lost faith in me and steadily supported my decisions. Thank you, Wendy, for your guidance and for being a constant inspiration. During my graduate studies and in developing my dissertation research, Scott and Karl offered valuable advice, shared their knowledge on Mesoamerican cultures and peoples and provided a term of reference for rigorous and professional work. Aside from my committee, I especially thank Tom Patterson for his guidance and patience in our “one-to-one” core theory meetings. -
Late Classic Maya Political Structure, Polity Size, and Warfare Arenas
LATE CLASSIC MAYA POLITICAL STRUCTURE, POLITY SIZE, AND WARFARE ARENAS Arlen F. CHASE and Diane Z. CHASE Department of Sociology and Anthropology University of Central Florida Studies of the ancient Maya have moved forward at an exceedingly rapid rate. New sites have been discovered and long-term excavations in a series of sites and regions have provided a substantial data base for interpreting ancient Maya civili- zation. New hieroglyphic texts have been found and greater numbers of texts can be read. These data have amplified our understanding of the relationships among subsistence systems, economy, and settlement to such an extent that ancient Maya social and political organization can no longer be viewed as a simple dichoto- mous priest-peasant (elite-commoner) model. Likewise, monumental Maya archi- tecture is no longer viewed as being indicative of an unoccupied ceremonial center, but rather is seen as the locus of substantial economic and political activity. In spite of these advances, substantial discussion still exists concerning the size of Maya polities, whether these polities were centralized or uncentralized, and over the kinds of secular interactions that existed among them. This is espe- cially evident in studies of aggression among Maya political units. The Maya are no longer considered a peaceful people; however, among some modern Maya scholars, the idea still exists that the Maya did not practice real war, that there was little destruction associated with military activity, and that there were no spoils of economic consequence. Instead, the Maya elite are portrayed as engaging predo- minantly in raids or ritual battles (Freidel 1986; Schele and Mathews 1991). -
Historia De Los Ejercitos (Rustica) Grande.Indd 1 07/01/14 15:00 Presidencia De La República
historia de los ejercitos (rustica) grande.indd 1 07/01/14 15:00 PRESIDENCIA DE LA REPÚBLICA Presidente de la República Enrique Peña Nieto SECRETARÍA DE LA DEFENSA NACIONAL Secretario de la Defensa Nacional General Salvador Cienfuegos Zepeda SECRETARÍA DE EDUCACIÓN PÚBLICA Secretario de Educación Pública Emilio Chuayffet Chemor Subsecretario de Educación Superior Fernando Serrano Migallón INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTUDIOS HISTÓRICOS DE LAS REVOLUCIONES DE MÉXICO Directora General Patricia Galeana Consejo Técnico Consultivo Fernando Castañeda Sabido, Mercedes de la Vega, Luis Jáuregui, Álvaro Matute, Ricardo Pozas Horcasitas, Érika Pani, Salvador Rueda Smithers, Adalberto Santana Hernández, Enrique Semo y Gloria Villegas Moreno. historia de los ejercitos (rustica) grande.indd 2 07/01/14 15:00 INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTUDIOS HISTÓRICOS DE LAS REVOLUCIONES DE MÉXICO México, 2013 historia de los ejercitos (rustica) grande.indd 3 07/01/14 15:00 El INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTUDIOS HISTÓRICOS DE LAS REVOLUCIONES DE MÉXICO desea hacer constar su agradecimiento a quienes hicieron posible, a través del uso y permiso de imágenes, esta publicación: • Archivo Bob Schalkwijk • Fideicomiso Museos Diego Rivera y Frida Kahlo • Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) • Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes (INBA) • Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional (Sedena) Primera edición, 2014 ISBN: 978-607-9276-41-6 Imagen de portada: Insignia militar, s. XIX, Museo Nacional de Historia-INAH Derechos reservados de esta edición: © Instituto Nacional de Estudios Históricos de las Revoluciones de México (INEHRM) Francisco I. Madero núm. 1, San Ángel, Del. Álvaro Obregón, 01000, México, D. F. www.inehrm.gob.mx Impreso y hecho en México historia de los ejercitos (rustica) grande.indd 4 07/01/14 15:00 CONTENIDO P RESENTACIONES General Salvador Cienfuegos Zepeda Secretario de la Defensa Nacional .........................................9 Emilio Chuayffet Chemor Secretario de Educación Pública ........................................ -
The PARI Journal Vol. XVI, No. 2
ThePARIJournal A quarterly publication of the Ancient Cultures Institute Volume XVI, No. 2, Fall 2015 In This Issue: For Love of the Game: For Love of the The Ballplayer Panels of Tipan Chen Uitz Game: The Ballplayer Panels of in Light of Late Classic Athletic Hegemony Tipan Chen Uitz in Light of Late Classic CHRISTOPHE HELMKE Athletic Hegemony University of Copenhagen by CHRISTOPHER R. ANDRES Christophe Helmke Michigan State University Christopher R. Andres Shawn G. Morton and SHAWN G. MORTON University of Calgary Gabriel D. Wrobel PAGES 1-30 GABRIEL D. WROBEL Michigan State University • The Maya Goddess One of the principal motifs of ancient Maya ballplayers are found preferentially at of Painting, iconography concerns the ballgame that sites that show some kind of interconnec- Writing, and was practiced both locally and through- tion and a greater degree of affinity to the Decorated Textiles out Mesoamerica. The pervasiveness of kings of the Snake-head dynasty that had ballgame iconography in the Maya area its seat at Calakmul in the Late Classic (see by has been recognized for some time and Martin 2005). This then is the idea that is Timothy W. Knowlton has been the subject of several pioneering proposed in this paper, and by reviewing PAGES 31-41 and insightful studies, including those some salient examples from a selection • of Stephen Houston (1983), Linda Schele of sites in the Maya lowlands, we hope The Further and Mary Miller (1986:241-264), Nicholas to make it clear that the commemoration Adventures of Merle Hellmuth (1987), Mary Miller and Stephen of ballgame engagements wherein local (continued) Houston (1987; see also Miller 1989), rulers confront their overlord are charac- by Marvin Cohodas (1991), Linda Schele and teristic of the political rhetoric that was Merle Greene David Freidel (1991; see also Freidel et al. -
Proceedings of the First Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Indigenous Languages of the Americas
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2021 Proceedings of the First Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Indigenous Languages of the Americas Edited by: Mager, Manuel ; Oncevay, Arturo ; Rios, Annette ; Meza Ruiz, Ivan Vladimir ; Palmer, Alexis ; Neubig, Graham ; Kann, Katharina Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-203436 Edited Scientific Work Published Version The following work is licensed under a Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License. Originally published at: Proceedings of the First Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Indigenous Languages of the Americas. Edited by: Mager, Manuel; Oncevay, Arturo; Rios, Annette; Meza Ruiz, Ivan Vladimir; Palmer, Alexis; Neubig, Graham; Kann, Katharina (2021). Online: Association for Computational Linguistics. NAACL-HLT 2021 Natural Language Processing for Indigenous Languages of the Americas (AmericasNLP) Proceedings of the First Workshop June 11, 2021 ©2021 The Association for Computational Linguistics These workshop proceedings are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Order copies of this and other ACL proceedings from: Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) 209 N. Eighth Street Stroudsburg, PA 18360 USA Tel: +1-570-476-8006 Fax: +1-570-476-0860 [email protected] ISBN 978-1-954085-44-2 ii Preface This area is in all probability unmatched, anywhere in the world, in its linguistic multiplicity and diversity. A couple of thousand languages and dialects, at present divided into 17 large families and 38 small ones, with several hundred unclassified single languages, are on record.