Green Financefor Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (Msmes)
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Green Finance for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Philippines 2013 Update with Proposals for the Promotion of Green Economic Development (ProGED) Project This publication is by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH through the Promotion of Green Economic Developmnet, funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation. As a federally owned enterprise, GIZ supports the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development. Published by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Registered offices Bonn and Eschborn, Germany T +49 228 44 60-0 (Bonn) T +49 61 96 79-0 (Eschborn) Responsible Dr. Volker Steigerwald Project Manager Promotion of Green Economic Development (ProGED) Project 6th Floor Department of Trade and Industry Building 361 Sen. Gil Puyat Ave., Makati CityT +63 2 897-8199 F +63 2 753-1441 E [email protected] Source and Copyrights © 2012 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Author Dr. Wolfram Hiemann Editors Fabian Barsky Vickie B. Antonio Photo credits / Sources The photos in this publication are owned by GIZ unless otherwise indicated in the photo. Layout / Design Mary Jane R. Alacapa Printed and distributed by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Place and date of publication Makati, Philippines October 2013 Green Finance for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Philippines 2013 Update with Proposals for the Promotion of Green Economic Development (ProGED) Project Contents Acronyms i The Philippines – Selected Indicators iii Summary v 1 Introduction 7 1.1 Background 7 1.2 Terms of Reference 7 1.3 Methodology 7 1.4 Green Finance: Definition and Instruments 2 1.5 Micro, Small and Medium S Enterprises (MSMEs) 3 1.6 Green Entrepreneurs 4 1.7 Sparking False Hopes 4 1.8 Project and Equipment Green Finance 5 1.9 Demand for Green Finance, Obstacles and Challenges 6 1.10 Opportunities 9 2 Green Financing Facilities 10 2.1 International Financial Facilities 10 2.2 World Bank Group and ADB 14 2.3 Bilateral Initiatives 16 3 Banks 18 3.1 Government-owned Financial Institutions (GFI) 20 3.2 Participants of the Sustainable Energy Finance (SEF) Program 22 3.3 Selected Credit Institutions in the Pilot Regions Cebu and Bohol 28 3.4 Bohol-based NGOs 31 4 Loan Guarantees and Insurance as Collateral Substitutes 35 5 Developers and Promoters of Green Projects and Initiatives 37 5.1 Consultants 37 5.2 Programs and Projects 40 5.3 Business Member Organizations (BMOs) 42 5.4 Bankers Institute of the Philippines, Inc. (BAIPHIL) 44 5.5 Non-government Organizations 44 6 Government 46 7 Green Equipment Suppliers 48 8 Recommendations 50 8.1 Proposed Partner Institutions 51 8.1.1 Financial Institutions 51 8.1.2 Equipment and Appliance Providers 52 8.1.3 Consultants 53 8.2 Innovative Mechanisms for Facilitating MSME Access to Finance 54 8.3 Recommendations on Tools, Capacity Building Measures,Consultancy Arrangements 57 8.3.1 Tools 57 8.3.2 Capacity Building Measures 57 8.3.3 Other Support Activities 61 9 List of Annexes 63 9.1 Rural Power Project (RPP), DOE, 2008 64 9.2 Land Bank’s Carbon Finance Support Facility (CFSF) 67 9.3 Information about Plantersbank (PDB) 68 9.4 Plantersbank urges SMEs to go green 70 9.5 Plantersbank: From Double toTriple Bottom Line Banking 72 9.6 Plantersbank: From Double to Triple Bottom Line 72 9.7 PhilEXIM 75 9.8 SWITCH Asia Zero Carbon Resorts (ZCR) Project 77 9.9 Environmental Economics (EC) 78 9.10 Risks and Profits 79 9.10.1 Zero Carbon Hotels May Have to Look for New Clientele 79 9.10.2 PV-Powered Electric Transport and Battery Replacement Costs 80 9.10.3 Income From Sale of CERs Negligible 81 9.10.4 Achievements of Green Philippines Islands of Sustainability (GPIoS) Project 81 9.11 Citibank: Ready Credit (Fees and Charges) 82 9.12 Philippine Green Energy Tariffs due 2014 83 9.13 Development of the Philippine PV Market 83 9.14 National Budget for 2013 84 9.15 Small Business Guarantee Finance Corporation (SBC or SBGFC) 87 9.16 Credit Surety Fund (CSF) 88 9.17 PCFC Micro-Energy Credit Program General Policy Guidelines 89 9.18 List of Banks with Microfinance Functions in Region VII (Central Visayas) 90 9.19 SEF Promotion and BPI’s Experience 91 9.20 ECCP SMART Cebu 92 9.21 The Philippine Green Building Council (PHILGBC) 93 9.22 Philippine Energy Efficiency Project (PEEP) 96 Photo Documentation 97 Boxes Box 1: Inputs Required to Go Green iv Box 2: Why Are Loans Inaccessible for MSMEs? 3 Box 3: WB Plans to Buy Carbon Credits (CER) from Pig Farms 12 Box 4: Philippine Industrial Energy Efficiency Project (PIEEP), 2011 - 2017 13 Box 5: Climate Change (CC) Mitigation Programs and Projects in the Philippines 15 Box 6: CTF IMPACT: Jump-starting Private Sector Investment in Clean Transport 17 Box 7: Classification of Banks 20 Box 8: Microfinance Subsidiaries of Commercial Banks 21 Box 9: BPI’s SEF Activities 26 Box 10: BPI Extends ‘Green Loan’ for Waste-to-Energy Plant 26 Box 11: SEEDFINANCE Financing LPG Tricycles 31 Box 12: SEEDFINANCE Partners in Bohol and Cebu 31 Box 13: BPI Head Office has Commissioned an ESCO 38 Box 14: Green Bank Challenge 2013 45 Box 15: Department of Science and Technology (DOST) and its SET-UP Facility 47 Box 16: Model Calculation for Repossessing Equipment 55 Box 17: Posters for Creating Awareness 58 Tables Table 1: Recommendations overview vi Table 2: MSME Categories and Characteristic Bank Loan Size 3 Table 3: Rural Power Project, Financing Plan (five years) USD million 10 Table 4: Philippine Country Investment Plan for Clean Technology Fund (Proposal 2011) 15 Table 5: Top Banks in the Philippines (2012) 18 Table 6: ASENSO Program: SME Retail and Wholesale Loan Releases from GFIs, 2012 18 Table 7: Development of Bank Outlets 19 Table 8: BanKO’s SEF Model (Sample) 27 Table 9: Lending for Pico-Solar Systems for Fisher Folks 28 Table 10: SEEDFINANCE: Basic Facts and Figures 31 Green Finance for MSMEs in the Philippines i Acronyms AC Air conditioner unit ADB Asian Development Bank ASENSO Access of Small Enterprises to Sound Lending Opportunities ASKI Alalay Sa Kaunlaran, Inc., a leading MFI ASSIST Asia Society for Social Improvement and Sustainable Transformation, a local NGO BAHRR Bohol Association of Hotels, Resorts and Restaurants BDO Banco de Oro Unibank, a private owned universal bank BERDE Building for Ecologically Responsive Design Excellence BMO Business membership organization BPI Bank of the Philippines Islands, a private owned universal bank BPO Business Process Outsourcing BSP Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Central Bank of the Philippines) CARD MRI Center for Agriculture and Rural Development - Mutually Reinforcing Institution CBC China Banking Corporation, known publicly as China Bank, a private owned universal bank CC, CCC Climate Change Commission CDM Clean Development Mechanism, flexibility mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol for emission-reduction projects in developing countries to earn CER credits Cebu-GTH Gifts, Toys and Housewares Foundation (Cebu-GTH), Inc. CEM Certified Energy Manager CER Certified Emission Reduction credits CEVI Community Economic Ventures, Inc. CFC chlorofluorocarbon CSF Credit Surety Fund CSR Corporate Social Responsibility CTF Clean Technology Fund DA Department of Agriculture DBP Development Bank of the Philippines DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources DOE Department of Energy DOST Department of Science and Technology DOT Department of Tourism DOTC Department of Transportation and Communication DTI Department of Trade and Industry EC European Commission ECCP European Chamber of Commerce in the Philippines EE Energy Efficiency ii Green Finance for MSMEs in the Philippines eff Effective (annual interest rate) EMB Environmental Management Bureau, DENR ENPAP Energy Efficiency Practitioners Association of the Philippines, Inc. EU European Union FCB First Consolidated Bank, Tagbilaran, Bohol, a thrift bank FI Financial institution FIT Feed-in tariffs (for electricity generated from renewable resources) GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF Global Environment Facility GF Green finance, finance to reduce the environmental impact at preferential conditions GFI Government Financial Institution, including LBP and DBP GFP Green Finance Program, DBP’s umbrella program GHG Greenhouse gas, measured in CO2 equivalents GIZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH GOCC Government owned or controlled corporations GOP Government of the Philippines GPIoS Green Philippine Islands of Sustainability/EcoSwitch project GTH Gifts, Toys and Housewares Foundation (Cebu-GTH), Inc. ICI International Climate Initiative, Germany IFC International Finance Corporation, a member of World Bank Group IGLF Industrial Guarantee and Loan Fund KfW Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau, German Bank of Reconstruction LBP Land Bank of the Philippines (Landbank), a GFI LGU Local Government Unit MFI Micro Finance Institution MSME Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises NCR National Capital Region NEDA National Economic Development Authority NGA National Government Agency NGO Non Governmental Organizations NPA/NPL Non Performing Assets, Non Performing Loan ODA Official Development Assistance pa Per annum PBE Philippine Business for the Environment PDB Planters Development Bank, publicly known as Plantersbank, a thrift bank, private development bank PGBh Provincial Government of Bohol PhilEXIM Philippine Export-Import Credit Agency Green Finance