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The Foreign Service Journal, April 2003.Pdf Earn more than 30,000 Bonus Points, 7,500 Bonus Miles, or whatever rotates your tires. Announcing the Just register now and pick the rewards track you want to earn on—points, miles, or racing rewards. Then stay between April 1 and June 15, 2003, at any of the 2,300 U.S. hotels in the Priority Club ® Rewards family of brands, and use your Visa ® card to book and pay. Starting with your second qualifying stay, you’re on your way to earning your choice of great rewards! Choose Your Rewards Track STAYS STAYS STAYS STAYS Points or Miles 1,500 Points or 3,000 Points or 6,000 Points or 20,000 Points or Track 350 Miles 750 Miles 1,500 Miles 5,000 Miles Coca-Cola® Racing Coca-Cola Racing Coca-Cola Racing Family Real Stock-Car Racing Racing Family Driver Family Bobbing Head Miniature Replica Hood or at the Rewards Track Car Flag or Figure or Watch One-Year Subscription to Dale Jarrett Collectible Pin Set Track PassTM Racing Adventure Register today at priorityclub.com/racetrack or call 1-800-315-3464. Be sure to have your Priority Club Rewards member number handy. Not a member yet? Enroll for free online or by phone. © 2003 Six Continents Hotels, Inc. All rights reserved. Most hotels are independently owned and/or operated. Stays must be booked and paid for using a Visa card to be eligi- ble. Offer valid in U.S. hotels only. For full details, terms, and conditions of this promotion, visit priorityclub.com/racetrack or call 1-800-315-3464. The Priority Club® Rewards Family of Brands CONTENTS April 2003 I Volume 80, No. 4 F OCUS ON C ENTRAL A SIA TURKMEN ARCHAEOLOGY: A CENTRAL ASIAN SURPRISE / 52 18 / THE U.S. REDRAWS THE MAP In setting up military bases in Central Asia, the U.S. Turkmen archaeology redrew the geopolitical map of the region. Here are the typifies the cultural major challenges the U.S. now faces. surprises the region offers. By Svante E. Cornell By Tatiana C. Gfoeller EATURES 25 / PUTTING HUMAN RIGHTS BACK ON THE AGENDA F Over the past decade, U.S. pro-democracy and human HELPING TO REUNITE FAMILIES: rights leverage has been squandered. If not corrected STATE’S OFFICE OF CHILDREN’S soon, the results could be disastrous. ISSUES / 57 Page 18 By Ed McWilliams Resolving international child custody disputes is a high priority 32 / PICKING UPTHEPIECES: for the State Department’s Consular Affairs Bureau THE DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGE and its Office of Children’s Issues. The international community needs to plan By Barbara J. Greig for the long haul, as the Central Asian nations struggle to build viable economies. ARABIAN NIGHTMARE: THE PATRICIA ROUSH CASE / 61 By David Pearce Patricia Roush’s campaign to get her daughters back received publicity and high-level attention, but to no avail. 36 / ISLAM & THE U.S. IN POST-SOVIET CENTRAL ASIA She blames the State Department for not doing more. There is plentiful evidence that negative By George Gedda perceptions of the United States are creating fertile ground for Islamist recruiters. By Edward Schatz C OLUMNS D EPARTMENTS PRESIDENT’S VIEWS / 5 43 / CASPIAN BASIN OIL: JUST A PIPE DREAM? LETTERS / 7 Washington has used the promise of huge Caspian oil A Career in Balance CYBERNOTES / 10 reserves to attract American investors to the region. By John K. Naland BOOKS / 67 But what is the reality? SPEAKING OUT / 13 IN MEMORY / 68 By Alec Rasizade Does State Need Volcker-Style Reform? INDEX TO 48 / FILLING THE VOID: THE U.S. IN CENTRAL ASIA ADVERTISERS / 78 Soon after Sept. 11, 2001, Central Asia became the front By Anthony C. E. Quainton AFSA NEWS / line in the U.S. war on terrorism. That fact has only rein- REFLECTIONS / 80 CENTER INSERT forced our pre-existing strategic interests in the region. By Simon Hankinson By Eugene B. Rumer Cover and inside illustrations by Josh Dorman THE MAGAZINE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS PROFESSIONALS OREIGN ERVICE Foreign Service Journal (ISSN 0146-3543), 2101 E Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037-2990 is published J O U R N A L F S monthly by the American Foreign Service Association, a private, non-profit organization. Material appearing here- Editor Editorial Board STEVEN ALAN HONLEY ARNOLD in represents the opinions of the writers and does not necessarily represent the views of the Journal, the Editorial SCHIFFERDECKER, Associate Editor Board or AFSA. Writer queries and submissions are invited, preferably by e-mail. Journal subscription: AFSA SUSAN B. MAITRA CHAIRMAN Members - $9.50 included in annual dues; others - $40. For foreign surface mail, add $18 per year; foreign air- Business Manager JUDITH BAROODY MIKKELA V. T HOMPSON MARK W. B OCCHETTI mail, $36 per year. Periodical postage paid at Washington, D.C., and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Ad & Circulation Manager ED MILTENBERGER ELIZABETH SPIRO CLARK Send address changes to Foreign Service Journal, 2101 E Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037-2990. Indexed AFSA News Editor TATIANA GFOELLER-VOLKOFF by Public Affairs Information Service (PAIS). The Journal is not responsible for unsolicited manuscripts, photos SHAWN DORMAN CAROL A. GIACOMO or illustrations. Advertising inquiries are invited. The appearance of advertisements herein does not imply the Art Director LAURIE KASSMAN CARYN J. SUKO endorsement of the services or goods offered. FAX: (202) 338-8244 or (202) 338-6820. E-MAIL: [email protected]. CAROLINE MEIRS Editorial Intern WEB: www.afsa.org. TELEPHONE: (202) 338-4045. © American Foreign Service Association, 2003. Printed HOLLIS SUMMERS STEPHEN E. MATHER WILLIAM WANLUND in the U.S.A. Send address changes to AFSA Membership, 2101 E Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037- Advertising Intern CHEUK-TING HO TED WILKINSON 2990. Printed on 50 percent recycled paper, of which 10 percent is post-consumer waste. APRIL 2003/FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL 3 Exclusive Factory Rebates* Compact vehicles—up to $2,000 Mid-size vehicles—up to $3,000 SUV’s—up to $2,500 Minivan’s—up to $3,000 Audi, Chrysler, General Motors, Ford, Volkswagen Contact us today! Web site: www.diplosales.com E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (516)496-1806 Fax: (516) 677-3701 *Rebates available on selected models and are subject to change without notice from the manufacturer. 4 FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL/APRIL 2003 PRESIDENT’S VIEWS A Career in Balance BY JOHN K. NALAND Among its many course, there inevitably will be days, other duties, AFSA Demanding as it months, even whole tours during serves as an emer- which the demands of the office will gency room for is, the Foreign overshadow the needs of family, wounded careers. Service is still a friends, volunteerism, or hobbies. But, Each year, hun- over the course of a career, there must dreds of employees calling in which be a balance. As Secretary Powell come to AFSA members should once advised an audience, “Never seeking assistance with falsely prejudi- become so consumed by your career cial evaluations, disappointing assign- expect to have a that nothing is left that belongs only to ments, denied benefits, and other prob- balance between you and your family. Don’t allow your lems involving the personnel or admin- profession to become the whole of istrative bureaucracy. Feeling let down their job and their your existence.” by the system, these employees often non-work life. In addition to telling employees to comment with sad irony on the many “do your work and then go home to sacrifices that they and their families your families” and to “take leave when have made over the years for the needs rewards (material and emotional) of you’ve earned it,” Secretary Powell has of the Service. service. This concept of balance is also also urged employees to “have great The list of sacrifices includes things important in recruiting new Foreign fun” in their assignments. Again, not big and small: enduring long separa- Service personnel. While a weak econ- every day, month, or even whole tour is tions from friends and family in the omy and a superstar secretary of State going to be enjoyable. But, over the U.S.; risking injury and disease at hard- may have postponed the competitive course of a career, if someone is not ship posts; seeing poor overseas job “War for Talent” about which having fun they are either in the wrong opportunities eat away at their spouses’ McKinsey & Company warned the line of work or are doing their work in lifetime earnings and retirement sav- State Department in a 1999 report, the wrong way. Here, another Powell ings; repeatedly cutting short home recent national studies show that job principle is instructive: “I like staff leave in order to rush to the next post; seekers increasingly are looking for members who take their work serious- working long hours doing “more with balance when evaluating prospective ly, but not themselves. I like people less”; losing annual leave at the end of employers. Significantly, they are not who work hard and play hard.” the year due to a heavy workload only looking for a balance between the The Foreign Service career is best caused by inadequate staffing; and demands and rewards of the work- viewed as being a journey rather than receiving a base salary lower than that place, but they are also seeking a a destination. In other words, the of domestic colleagues due to the lack healthy balance between career and most important thing is the experi- of overseas locality pay. family. ences that we have day by day But over the long run, most Foreign But is the Foreign Service, with its throughout our careers rather than Service members come to judge their 24-hour-a-day national security some exalted title or high position that sacrifices to be counterbalanced by the responsibilities, a calling in which we may achieve at the end of our members should expect to have a bal- careers.
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