Afghanologies!
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
A Sacred Celestial Motif: an Introduction to Winged Angels Iconography in Iran
PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences ISSN 2454-5899 Mazloumi & Nasrollahzadeh, 2017 Volume 3 Issue 2, pp. 682 - 699 Date of Publication: 16th September, 2017 DOI-https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2017.32.682699 This paper can be cited as: Mazloumi, Y., & Nasrollahzadeh, C. (2017). A Sacred Celestial Motif: An Introduction to Winged Angels Iconography in Iran. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences, 3(2), 682-699. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA. A SACRED CELESTIAL MOTIF: AN INTRODUCTION TO WINGED ANGELS ICONOGRAPHY IN IRAN Yasaman Nabati Mazloumi M.A in Iranian Studies, Shahid Beheshti University, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Street, Tehran, Iran [email protected] Cyrus Nasrollahzadeh Associate Professor, Department of Ancient Iranian Culture and Languages, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, 64th Street, Kurdestan Expressway, Tehran, Iran [email protected] Abstract Through history many motifs have been created and over the centuries, some of them turned into very well-known symbols. One of these motifs is winged angel. This sacred and divine creature which appears in human-shaped, serves intermediaries between the God and people, and during history, indicates legitimating and bestows God-given glory. This article aims to present the results of exploring the historical background of the winged angels in Iran, in order to understand its precise concept; where it comes from and what it resembles. -
Seleucid Coinage and the Legend of the Horned Bucephalas
Seleucid coinage and the legend of the horned Bucephalas Autor(en): Miller, Richard P. / Walters, Kenneth R. Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Schweizerische numismatische Rundschau = Revue suisse de numismatique = Rivista svizzera di numismatica Band (Jahr): 83 (2004) PDF erstellt am: 04.10.2021 Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-175883 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print- und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch RICHARD P. MILLER AND KENNETH R.WALTERS SELEUCID COINAGE AND THE LEGEND OF THE HORNED BUCEPHALAS* Plate 8 [21] Balaxian est provincia quedam, gentes cuius Macometi legem observant et per se loquelam habent. Magnum quidem regnum est. Per successionem hereditariam regitur, quae progenies a rege Alexandra descendit et a filia regis Darii Magni Persarum... -
About a Type of Islamic Incense Burner 29
ABOUT A TYPE OF ISLAMIC INCENSE BURNER MEHMET AGA-OGLU NCENSE burners were no novel vessels produced to usheredinto a chamberand served a meal, after which the meet the specific needs of Islamic social life. The ori- incense burnerswere brought so that the guests could per- gin of thurification with various aromatic substances fume themselves before entering the caliph's presence.5 for magical, religious, or social occasions,and the devising The amount of aromatic substances,particularly aloes and of special vessels for the purpose,go far back to the histori- certain varieties of sandalwoods, used for thurification in cal beginnings of the Near Eastern peoples.1 Islam, al- the households of caliphs and dignitaries, must have been though in principle opposed to luxurious ways of life, did enormous. We are informed by al-Tabari, for example, not prevent the use of incense and perfumes. The popu- that Amr ibn al-Laith, the founder of the Saffarid dynasty larity of perfumes during the first centuries is best illus- of Eastern Iran, sent to Caliphal-Mu'tamid in the year 268 trated by the lengthy legistic opinions expressed in the (881/82) 200 minas of aloes wood which he had confis- Hadith literature,2and, among others, by a chapter in the cated from a grandson of Abu Dulaf.6 Among the proper- manual for elegant manners "of a man of polite education," ties left after his death in 301 (913), by Abu'l-Husayn written by Abu'l-Tayyib Muhammad ibn Ishaq al-Wash- Ali ibn Ahmad al-Rasibi, the 'Abbasid governor of Khu- sha.' zistan and neighboring territories,were great numbers of Historicalsources are extremely generous with accounts gold and silver vessels, perfumes, and other valuables, as on the subject.' A few examples can be cited here, and well as 4,420 mithkals of aloes wood for thurification.7 others will be presentedelsewhere. -
Theocracy Metin M. Coşgel Thomas J. Miceli
Theocracy Metin M. Coşgel University of Connecticut Thomas J. Miceli University of Connecticut Working Paper 2013-29 November 2013 365 Fairfield Way, Unit 1063 Storrs, CT 06269-1063 Phone: (860) 486-3022 Fax: (860) 486-4463 http://www.econ.uconn.edu/ This working paper is indexed on RePEc, http://repec.org THEOCRACY by Metin Coşgel* and Thomas J. Miceli** Abstract: Throughout history, religious and political authorities have had a mysterious attraction to each other. Rulers have established state religions and adopted laws with religious origins, sometimes even claiming to have divine powers. We propose a political economy approach to theocracy, centered on the legitimizing relationship between religious and political authorities. Making standard assumptions about the motivations of these authorities, we identify the factors favoring the emergence of theocracy, such as the organization of the religion market, monotheism vs. polytheism, and strength of the ruler. We use two sets of data to test the implications of the model. We first use a unique data set that includes information on over three hundred polities that have been observed throughout history. We also use recently available cross-country data on the relationship between religious and political authorities to examine these issues in current societies. The results provide strong empirical support for our arguments about why in some states religious and political authorities have maintained independence, while in others they have integrated into a single entity. JEL codes: H10, -
Mausoleum of Ismail the Samanid at Bukhara Imam Reza in Mashhad
Mausoleum of Ismail the Samanid at Bukhara Imam Reza in Mashhad Bahareh Mahmoodi S. Pouriya Hosseini University of British Columbia – Jan. 2009 Persian Empire Median Empire (532 BC- 369 BC) Persian Empire Achaemenid Empire (550 BC–330 BC) Parthian Empire (250 BC–AD 226) Sassanid Empire (226–651) Bukhara Samanid Mausoleum Conquest of Persia by Muslims Samanid Persian Empire (819-999) Saffarid Persian Empire Buwayhid Persian Empire Turco-Persian rule Mongols and their successors (1219–1500) Safavid Persian Empire (1500–1722) Persian Empire: Importance of Samanid Empire It was the first persian dunasty after Persian Empire Conquest of Persia by Muslims Founded by"here, Saman in this region, the Khuda language is Persian, Bukhara and the kings of this realm are Persian kings." Samanid Mausoleum Government model Culture and Religious Legacy کجا آن بزرگان ساسانیان Revival of Persian Culture زبهرامیان تا بسامانیان Shahnameh Samanid Epigraphic: Bowls, Plates etc "Where have all the great Sassanids gone? ā Change of Religon Fromfrom the Bahr Zorostiansmids to the Samanids to whatIslam has come upon?" Persian Empire: Ismail ebn Ahmad Samanid Persian Samanid Family Tree Empire How he became the ruler of Bukhara Bukhara His importance in Bukhara Samanid Mausoleum Looting from khawrazm Need for stability Making Bukhara and samarkand center of samanids Expanding the kingdom of Samanids Why Bukhara? Persian Empire Being in the center of the ruling area ای بخارا شاد باش و دیر importance زیBukhara Silk Road and its Oh Bukhara! Be joyous and live long! شاه زی تو میهمان آید همی Trade Samanid Mausoleum Knowledge Your King comesBaha to -youud- Dinin ceremony. -
Note on the Historical Results Deducible from Recent Discoveries in Afghanistan Henry Thoby Prinsep
University of Nebraska Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Books in English Digitized Books 1-1-1844 Note on the historical results deducible from recent discoveries in Afghanistan Henry Thoby Prinsep Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/afghanuno Part of the History Commons, and the International and Area Studies Commons Recommended Citation Prinsep, Henry Thoby Note on the historical results deducible from recent discoveries in Afghanistan. London: W.H. Allen and Co., 1844. vi, 124 page, 17 plates This Monograph is brought to you for free and open access by the Digitized Books at DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Books in English by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOTE ON THE f HISTORICAL RESULTS, DISCOVERIES IN AFGBANI8TAN. H. T. PRINSEP, ESP. LONDON: WM. H. ALLEN AND CO., 7, LEADENHALL STmET. - 1844. W. I.ICW19 AND SON, PRINTERS, PINCH-LANE, LONDON. PREFACE. THE Public are not unacquainted vith the fact, that dis- coveries of much interest have recently been made ia the regions of Central Asia, which were the seat of Greelr do- minion for some hundred years after their conquest byAlex- ander. These discoveries are principally, but not entirely, nunismatic, and have revealed the names of sovereigns of Greek race, and of their Scythian, and Pa~thiansuccessors, of none of whom is any mention to be found in the extant histories of the East or West. There has also been opencd to the curious, through these coins, a lan- guage, the existence of which was hithcrto unknown, and which must have been the vernacular dialect of some of the regions in which the Grecian colonies were established. -
Al-'Usur Al-Wusta, Volume 25 (2017)
AL-ʿUṢŪR AL-WUSṬĀ 25 (2017) THE JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST MEDIEVALISTS About Middle East Medievalists (MEM) is an international professional non-profit association of scholars interested in the study of the Islamic lands of the Middle East during the medieval period (defined roughly as 500-1500 C.E.). MEM officially came into existence on 15 November 1989 at its first annual meeting, held in Toronto. It is a non-profit organization incorporated in the state of Illinois. MEM has two primary goals: to increase the representation of medieval scholarship at scholarly meetings in North America and elsewhere by co-sponsoring panels; and to foster communication among individuals and organizations with an interest in the study of the medieval Middle East. As part of its effort to promote scholarship and facilitate communication among its members, MEM publishes al-ʿUṣūr al-Wusṭā (The Journal of Middle East Medievalists). EDITORS Antoine Borrut, University of Maryland Matthew S. Gordon, Miami University MANAGING EDITOR Christiane-Marie Abu Sarah, University of Maryland EDITORIAL BOARD, BOARD OF DIRECTORS, AL-ʿUṢŪR AL-WUSṬĀ (THE JOURNAL OF MIDDLE EAST MEDIEVALISTS) MIDDLE EAST MEDIEVALISTS Zayde Antrim, Trinity College President Sobhi Bouderbala, University of Tunis Sarah Bowen Savant, Aga Khan University Muriel Debié, École Pratique des Hautes Études Vice-President Malika Dekkiche, University of Antwerp Steven C. Judd, Fred M. Donner, University of Chicago Southern Connecticut State University David Durand-Guédy, Institut Français de Recherche en Iran Nadia Maria El-Cheikh, American University of Beirut Secretary Maribel Fierro, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Antoine Borrut, University of Maryland Emma Gannagé, Georgetown University Denis Genequand, University of Geneva Treasurer Eric Hanne, Florida Atlantic Universit Ahmet Karamustafa, University of Maryland Étienne de La Vaissière, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales Board Members Stephennie Mulder, The University of Texas at Austin Kristina L. -
Äs T Studies Association «Bulletin^ 12 No. 2 (May 1978)
.** äs t Studies Association «Bulletin^ 12 no. 2 (May 1978), ISLAMIC NUMISMATICS Sections l and 2 by Michael L. Bates The American Numismatic Society Every Student of pre-raodern Islamic political, social, economic, or cultural history is aware in a general way of the importance of nuraisraatic evidence, but it has to be admitted thst for the roost part this awareness is evidenced raore in lip ser-vice than in practice. Too many historians consider numismatics an arcane and complex study best left to specialists. All too often, histori- ans, if they take coin evidence into account at all, suspend their normal critical judgement to accept without cjuestion the readings and interpretations of the numismatist. Or. the other hand, numismatists, in the past especially but to a large extent still today, are often amateurs, self-taught through practice with little or no formal.historical and linguistic training. This is true even öf museum Professionals in Charge of Islamic collections, ho matter what their previous training: The need tc deal with the coinage of fourteen centuries, from Morocco to the Fr.ilippines, means that the curator spends most of his time workir.g in areas in which he is, by scholarly Standards, a layman. The best qual- ified Student of any coin series is the specialist with an ex- pert knowledge of the historical context from which the coinage coraes. Ideally, any serious research on a particular region and era should rest upon äs intensive a study of the nvunismatic evi- dence äs of the literary sources. In practice, of course, it is not so easy, but it is easier than many scholars believe, and cer- tainly much «asier than for a numismatist to become =. -
Chinggis Khan and His Conquest of Khorasan: Causes and Consequences
CHINGGIS KHAN AND HIS CONQUEST OF KHORASAN: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES BY ANIBA ISRAT ARA ARSHAD ISLAM INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA ABSTRACT This book explores the causes and consequences of Chinggis Khan’s invasion of Khorasan in the 13th century. It discusses Chinggis Khan’s charismatic leadership qualities that united all nomadic tribes and gave him the authority to become the supreme Mongol leader, which helped him to invade Khorasan. It also focuses on the rise of the Muslim cities in Khorasan where many Muslim scholars kept their intellectual brilliance and made Khorasan the cultural capital of the Muslims. This study apprises us of Chinggis Khan’s war tactics and administrative system which made his men extremely strong and advanced despite their culture remaining barbaric in nature. His progeny also followed a similar policy for a long time until all Muslim cities were fully destroyed. The work also focuses on the rise of many sectarian divisions among the Muslims which brought disunity that eventually led to their downfall. Thus, this study underscores the importance of revitalization of unity in the Muslim world so that Muslims may not become vulnerable to any foreign imperialistic power. Unity also is the key to preserve Muslim intellectual thought and Islamic cultural identities. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In the beginning, I would like to say that all praise is to Allah (swt) Almighty; despite the difficulties, with His mercy, and the strength, patience and resilience that He has bestowed on me, I completed my work. I am heartily thankful to my beloved supervisor to Dr. Arshad Islam, whose encouragement, painstaking supervision and tireless motivating from the beginning of my long journey to the concluding level helped me to complete this study. -
Auction 39 | January 21-25, 2021 | Session G
Numismatic Literature 4012. Allan, John, A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Museum: Coins of Ancient India, London, 1936, original printing, 318 pages, 46 plates, hardcover, mostly Punchmarked coins of Session G the Mauryan Empire and tribal issues of ancient India. Nicely organized to facilitate identification of types. The plates are clear and detailed, , ex The Skanda Collection Library $75 - 100 4013. Allan, John, A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Begins at 10:00 PST on Monday, January 25, 2021 Museum: Coins of Ancient India, Originally published 1936, reprinted by Eastern Book House, Patna, India, 1989, 302 pages, 46 plates, hardcover with dust jacket. Mostly punchmarked coins of the Mauryan Empire and tribal issues of ancient India. Nicely Numismatic Literature organized to facilitate identification of types. The plates are mediocre, which is typical of Indian reprints, , 4001. A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Museum: Coins ex James Farr Collection Library $20 - 30 of Ancient Allan, J, A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Museum: Coins of Ancient India, London, 1936, original printing, 4014. Allan, John, A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British 318 pages, 46 plates, hardcover with dusk jacket. Mostly Museum: Coins of Gupta Dynasties and of Sasanka, King of Punchmarked coins of the Mauryan Empire and tribal issues of Gauda, Originally published 1914 (British Museum reprint of ancient India. Nicely organized to facilitate identification of types 1967), 181 pages, 24 plates in good quality, hardcover with dust with excellent high quality photographic plates, , jacket. Altekar’s work replaces this informationally & is more ex The Skanda Collection Library $50 - 75 comprehensive, but this is still a good collection and the photo record is worth having even at reprint quality, , 4002. -
BATTRIA (Afganistan) Pagina 1 Di 3 BATTRIA=BACTRIA=BATTRIANA
BATTRIA (Afganistan) BATTRIA=BACTRIA=BATTRIANA=GRECO-BATTRIANO A PERSIA a.C. 520-329 a.C. Satrapi 520-510 DARSHISH 510- -340 340-329 BESSO=BESSUS A MACEDONIA a.C. 329-312 a.C. (a.C. 329-301 a.C.) Re macedoni 330-323 ALESSANDRO il Grande=Magno (ALESSANDRO III re Macedonia) (sposa ROXANA) 323-317 FILIPPO=FILIPPO Arrideo (fratellastro)(FILIPPO III re Macedonia) 317-310 ALESSANDRO (figlio di ALESSANDRO Magno)(ALESSANDRO IV re Macedonia) Satrapi 329 ARTABAZO=ARTABAZUS 329 CLITO il Nero=CLITUS 328-321 AMINTA NICCOLAO=AMYNTAS NIKOLAOS 328-321 SCITEO=SCYTHAEUS 323-321 FILIPPO 321-312 STASANORE=STASANOR il Soliano A SIRIA (SELEUCIDI) a.C. 312-256 a.C. Satrapi REGNO a.C. 256-10 a.C. (a.C. 250-10 a.C.) *Dinastia Diodotidea **Dinastia Eutidemiana=Eutidemide=Magnesiaca=di Magnesia ***Dinastia Eucratide=Eucratidea #Dinastia Diodotidea 256-248 (256-230)(256-235)(256-246)(250-230)(250-240) DIODOTO I=DIODOTUS I=DIODOTOS I=DIODITO I=TEODOTO I= DIODOTO I SOTERO=DIODOTO SOTER (satrapo di PARTIA)(in Battria- Sogdiana-Fergana-Aracosia)* 248-235 (230-200)(235)(250-230)(230)(246-227)(240-230)(235-230)(248-230) DIODOTO II (figlio)(primo re)* 235 (230)(200)(227) ANTIOCO=ANTIOCO NICATORE (incerto)* 235-200(230-200)(227-189)(200-190)(223-200)(235-195) EUTIDEMO I=EUTIDEMO TEO=EUTIDEMO THEOS=EUTHYDEMUS I (forse satrapo in Sogdiana)(in Battria-Sogdiana-Fergana-Margiana-Ariana)** 200-190(190-180)(200-171)(190-175)(189-167)(200-185)(200-180)(200-195)(195-180) DEMETRIO I l’Invincibile=DEMETRIOS I (figlio)(in Battria-Sogdiana- Fergana-Margiana-Ariana-Paropamisade-Aracosia-Gandara-Punjab-Kashmir) -
UNIT 148 – UPSC - HISTORY and IMPACT of Indo-Greeks
GAUTAM SINGH UPSC STUDY MATERIAL – INDIAN HISTORY 0 7830294949 UNIT 148 – UPSC - HISTORY AND IMPACT OF Indo-Greeks After Alexander the Great, the greed seleukidan dynasty of Persia held on to the trans-Indus region. After seleukos Nikator was defeated by Chanragupta Maurya in 303 B.C. the trans-Indus region was transferred to the Mauryas. In mid third century B.C. the seleukidan rule was ended by two peoples. In Iran the parthiar became independent and their sassanians in 226 A.D. In like manner the greeks of Bactria rose in revolt under the leadership of Diodotus. These Greeks were later known as Indo-Greeks when they gained a foot-hold in the Indian sub-continent. Bactria situated between the Hindu Kush and the oxus, was a fertile region and it controlled the trade routes from Gandhara to the West. The greek settlement in Bactria began in the 5th century B.C. when Persian emperors settled the Greek exiles in that area. Bactria figured in history with the revolt of diodotus against Antiochus the seleukidan king. This breakaway of Bactria was recnised by the seleukidans when the grandson of Diodotus, Enthymemes. Was given a seleukidan bride in about 200 B.C. About the same time the seleukidan king defeated king subhagasena after crossing the Hindu Kush in 206 B.C. This defeat reveals the unguarded nature of northwestern India. Thus begins the history of Indo-Greeks. The history of the Indo-Greeks is mainly gathered from their coins. This evidence is very often confusion because many kings had identical names.