General Index

Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02090-0 - The World of Tacitus' Dialogus de Oratoribus: Aesthetics and Empire in Ancient Rome Christopher S. Van Den Berg Index More information

General index

advocacy, legal, 21, 24, 38, 46, 128–31, 167–8, constructed by authors’ forma (χαράκτηρ), 189–98, 299 254–5 cases with multiple advocates, 196 and epigonal mentality, 291 see also courts; delatores formation, 50–1, 183, 215–38 advocatus, diaboli (devil’s advocate), 28, 65–6, 219 and invidia inhibiting change, 275 amicus/amicitia, 26, 135 late-republican pleiad, 199, 208, 281 see also patronage limitations of, 13, 260, 261, 279, 280–1, 284, angustiae (straits), see metaphors 286, 292 antiquarianism, see canon utility, 50–1, 255 Antonius, Marcus (orator), 18, 37, 45, 64, 65, 86, see also decline; periodization; time 96, 107, 216, 217, 218, 219 Cassius Severus, 82, 111, 138, 168, 182, 270; see also Apollo, 147, 149, 150, 160, 163 periodization argument, 13, 46–7, 59–61, 67–8, 77–90, 153–4, Cato, Marcus Porcius (Censor), 34, 36, 118 178, 198, 239, 294 Cato, Marcus Porcius (Uticensis) corrective exemplarity, 150–1, 152–3, 163, 182, as subject of Maternus’ tragedy, 18, 19, 138, 157 188 centumviral courts, see courts flaws in all speeches, 42–4, 55, 67, Cicero, Marcus Tullius 188 and Atticists, 271–3 in utramque partem disputare, 22, 61, canonical figure, 35, 38, 39, 208 70 criticized, 70 intertextual, 178 and de Oratore, 8, 37, 38, 130, 215–38 intratextual confirmation, 220, 221 on declamation, 78 intratextual contradiction, 74, 90 and ideal orator, 25, 185 persuasiveness as poor criterion, 2, 14, 42–4, influence, 7, 11–12, 38, 57–8, 59–65, 71, 72, 75, 52, 53, 76–7, 86–7, 88–90, 97, 154 85–6, 95–6, 202, 215–38 synecdochic fallacy, 44, 52, 55, 100, 111, 206, oenological analogy in Brutus, 275 214 on prose rhythm, 176 see also dialogue; dynamics, argumentative Quintilian on, 12–13 Atticism, 256–9 representative of Late Republic as a whole, 86, and anti-antiquarianism, 258 185, 208, 298 see also Cicero, Marcus Tullius stylistic model for Dialogus, 39 and theology of disbelief, 59–65 Bablitz, L., 197, 299 classicism, 242 Bakhtin, M., 68 Augustan, 161 Bartsch, S., 20, 93, 155, 301 see also periodization Bassus, Saleius, 84, 135–6, 153, 209 cliens/clientela, see patronage Brink, C. O., 119 clothing Brooks, P., 57, 213 restricting practice of oratory, 193 sign of decadence, 252 canon, 50–1, 191, 242, 260–1, 273, 283 contio, 73, 203, 204 and antiquarianism, 251 courts, 179

338

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General index 339

centumviral, 82, 137, 170, 190–7 dynamics, argumentative, 28–9, 70, 77, 88, criminal, 170, 189, 194, 199 90–7, 99, 111, 140, 179, 211, 221, 243, 294; see senate as a court in empire, 190, 194, also argument; dialogue 197 Crassus, Lucius Licinius, 18, 37, 70, 74, 86, 96, education, 30, 83–6, 183–6, 216–23; see also 107, 191, 192, 216, 217, 235, 246, 265; see also oratorical training rhetores effeminacy, 48, 118–19, 182, 252; see also clothing; criticism, biographical, 214 Maecenas Crook, J. A., 169, 196, 299 eloquentia, 12, 13, 15, 24, 34, 38, 40, 117, 140, 162, cubiculum, 20, 21, 143 166–7, 215–38, 296 corrupta (decadent speech), 251 dates genus/species distinction, 249 of composition or publication, 32–3 as a transgeneric ars, 146–8, 163–4, 230, 284, of setting, 31–2 299–300 shifting between dramatic and publication Eprius Marcellus, 26, 32, 82, 127, 134–5, 148, 150, dates, 33 152, 162 declamation, 22, 42–7, 78–83 Eshleman, K., 265 topics of anticipated in Curio’s speech, exempla, see argument, corrective exemplarity 284 exercitatio, see oratorical training decline, 47–9, 54–5, 57–8, 72, 108–14, 238, 247, 296, 302 Fabius Iustus, Lucius, 17, 32 assumed thesis of Dialogus, 54, 121 fabulae, 24 explanations in Longinus, 297 fama, see renown inevitable result of closed teleology, 277 Fantham, E., 109 interpretive problems in assuming, 54–6, 100 Fish, S., 96 paucity of orators as rhetorical motif, 86, fora,andbasilicae as venues for oratory, 190 208–12, 244–5 Frank, T., 158 of renown and not of eloquentia, 15, 99–101, Freudenburg, K., 299 102, 106, 114, 120, 297 not subject of Dialogus, 13, 50 Gallia, A., 157 see also periodization; time Gallio, Lucius Iunius, 181, 182, 252 delatores, 38–9, 65, 127, 149, 152–3, 157, 162, 174, genus, see eloquentia 299; see also Vibius Crispus; Eprius gloria, see renown Marcellus; Regulus Goldberg, S., 68, 151, 169, 211 dialogue Gungerich,¨ R., 104 apparent lack of coherent unity, 56, 67, 100, 121, 165, 179, 294 Hanink, J., 291 authorial distancing, 60–1, 105 Hardie, P., 214 interstitial passages, 15 Hinds, S., 212, 214, 229–30 intertextual dialogue, 212–15, 239, 240 humor, 19, 21, 70, 81, 274 lack of elenchus in Roman, 69 opinion versus function of statements, 6, 8, imitatio, 256, 283 13, 76–7, 86–7, 88–90, 181, 235 and diversity of models, 254 style of argument, 49, 87, 114, 124, 126, 140, ingenium, 19, 81, 85, 106, 166–7, 252, 292, 293, 151, 153–4, 163–4, 180, 198, 273 297 theory of, 14, 94, 97, 215 interstitial passages tradition of, 17, 33, 39–41, 68, 71, 75, 95, 144, deﬁned, 15 237, 240 intertextuality, 9, 15, 226, 231, 238–40 see also argument; dynamics, argumentative agnoscere as marker of, 222 dissimulatio (dissembling), 10, 25, 48, 85, 218 and argument, 178 failed attempts at, 272 and Cicero’s Academic works, 62–5 Domitian, 29, 30, 32, 33, 156, 176 and interlocutors’ intertextual sparring, 239 Domitius (play by Maternus), 157–8 ironic, 210, 211 Domitius Afer, Gnaeus, 144, 158, 270 and literary dialogue, 212–15, 239 doublespeak, 20, 92, 93, 97, 155, 301 and literary system, 231–2

340 General index

intertextuality (cont.) oratorical training, 38, 48, 57, 72–4, 77–90, 115, and Marcus Aper, 216–23, 238 129, 184 paucitas oratorum as intertextual motif, contrasted with real speaking, 82 208–12 see also declamation; education promoting adornment, 175–8 Orpheus, 55, 149, 150, 163 and window reference, 235 Orwell, G., 35 intratextuality, see argument Ovid irony allusion to language of, 177 and Maternus, 33, 92, 301 author of Medea, 24, 159 intertextual, 210, 211 exile, 150 as model for Maternus, 150, 163 Kermode, F., 57 Klingner, F., 119 patronage, 21, 24, 135–7, 144, 150, 159, 198–9 paucitas oratorum (paucity of orators), see laus, see renown decline, intertextuality Leo, F., 39 periodization, 175, 180–3, 188, 211, 246–8, 260–1, Levene, D., 68, 157 262–4 liberalitas, 152–3 Cassius Severus as watershed at Rome, 166, libertas, 23, 117–19, 137–9, 161–2, 172, 300–2 270, 271 licentia, 117, 119, 300, 301–2 and dangers of presentism, 285 Linus, 55, 147, 149, 150, 163 Demetrius of Phalerum as watershed in Luce, T. J., 56, 67, 86, 120 Greece, 271–2 ﬁner granularity in Quintilian, 246 Maecenas, Gaius, 112, 181–2, 183, 251, 252, 260 Golden Age, 47 Manuwald, G., 158 100 versus 120 years since death of Cicero, Mayer, R., 173 266–7 Messalla Corvinus, Marcus Valerius, 28, 163, 174, problems in, 34, 180–3, 191, 199, 236, 237, 238, 180, 182, 184, 191, 199, 265, 267, 269, 270 244, 247, 277 metaphors, 98, 105, 122, 129 saeculum/saecula as marker of ages, 34, 208, agricultural, 142, 245 236, 244, 295 angustiae (straits), 25, 164, 168 via “acoustic community,” 265 aquatic, 219 see also canon; decline; time architectural, 175 Petronius, Gaius, 47–8 battle, 13, 109, 130–1, 139, 185–6, 274, 293, philosophy, 12, 63–5, 172–4, 185, 223–6, 285 302 Plato, 27, 33, 39, 40, 63, 69, 75, 96, 114, 154, 212, biological, 132, 180, 243, 297 223, 231, 233, 236, 263 cosmetic, 252 pleasure, 114–16, 131–2, 142–4, 253–4 digestion, 249 Plinius Secundus, Gaius (Pliny), 31, 32, 38, 42–7, exchange, 223 75, 192–3, 196, 197 metallurgical, 177–8 Pliny the Elder physiological, 257–8, 273, 274 Studiosus (lost treatise), 246 racing, 168, 169 poetry, 140, 147–8, 159–64, 174–8, 282 religious, 146, 164, 176–7 Pollio, Asinius, 163, 180, 182, 184, 191, 196, 199, spatial, 25, 167 265, 267, 269 temporal, 167 Pompeius Magnus, Gaius (Pompey) as orator, 202 offense, 23 restrictions of lex de vi et ambitu of 52 bce, avoiding, 23, 48, 138–9, 161–2 194, 199 giving, 18, 19–20, 23, 138 Priscus, Helvidius, 82, 202 Maternus and tragedies, 18, 19–20, 23, 155, 162 Priscus, Marius, 31, 32, 190, 196, 197 see also Cato, Marcus Porcius (Uticensis); prosecutors and informants, see delatores Domitius (play by Maternus); libertas; Thyestes Quint, D., 57 orator, 19, 40, 103, 183, 185, 210, 221, 224, 273; see Quintilianus, Marcus Fabius (Quintilian), 12–13, also Cicero, Marcus Tullius 170–1

General index 341

and de Causis Corruptae Eloquentiae, 246 Skinner, M., 294 on declamation, 79 sorites, philosophical problem, 262 and definition of oratory, 13 species, see eloquentia on lying, 40 speeches, summary of, 25–31 morality and public speech, 36 statio, related to dramatic date, 31 and precedents to Dialogus, 244, 248, 260 Syme, R., 55, 72, 151 on rereading, 90 synecdochic fallacy and separation of words from content, 34 defined, 44 see also argument Regulus, Marcus Aquillius, 110, 202 relativism, 285–6, 293 Thyestes renown, 99, 106, 109, 112, 118, 180–1, 242; see also play by Maternus, 18, 20, 24, 156, 159 decline play by Varius, 24, 150, 159 rhetores, 70, 77–8, 80, 184, 186 time, 183, 211, 236, 237, 275 and censorial edict against rhetores Latini, 81 connected to power of consul or princeps, rhetoric 262–4 in Annales, 34–5 evolution, 13, 181, 183, 225, 232, 242, 273 of Dialogus to interpret Tacitus’ other works, synchronic patterning, 265 51, 300 see also canon; decline; periodization differing conceptions of, 233, 234 tirocinium fori (orator’s apprenticeship), 28, fines (‘ends’ or ‘aims’) in deliberative, 8, 9, 72–3, 74–5, 183–4 128 Trajan, 30 modern pejorative sense, 198 moral aspects, 36–8, 40, 153–4, 301–2 Varius, see Thyestes traditional departments canvassed in preface, Vatinius, scurra of Nero, 55, 148, 157–8, 162 19 Vergil, 149, 150, 159, 160, 213, 230, 253, 264 allusion to, 147, 162, 175, 215, 228, 229, 230, saeculum/saecula, see periodization 284 Secundus, Iulius, 18, 19, 21, 64, 106, 246, 300 rhetoric of Aeneas in the underworld, 3–7 securitas/securus, 23, 84 Vespasian, 29, 31, 32, 33, 55, 135, 153 senate, as a court in empire, see courts Vibius Crispus, 26, 127, 134–5, 148, 150, 152, 162 Seneca the Elder, 36, 42, 82, 150, 227, 302 voluptas, see pleasure Seneca the Younger, 35, 251, 252, 253 conspicuous absence in Dialogus, 18, 159, 253 Whitton, C., 139 dangers in imitating, 253 Winterbottom, M., 155 on rules for speech, 277 world, of dialogue and external world, 2, 12, 13, on speech and morality, 36 19–23, 24, 84, 110, 116, 186 sententiae, 49, 169, 201, 227, 296 overreliance on, 252 Zerubavel, E., 275 utility of, 251 Zetzel, J., 69

Index locorum

Astyd. FGE 33–4: 291 N.D. 1.7: 11 Catullus 1.10: 59 66.39: 5 1.15: 63 Cicero 3.95: 60, 62 Arch. Part. 14: 8 83: 9 Brut. 89: 7 37–8: 271 Tusc. 45: 206 5.47: 36 124: 284 CIL 6.1574: 30 278: 257 289: 258 Horace 293: 257 Ep. de Orat. 2.1.10–12: 275 1.32: 130 2.1.18–19: 264 1.47: 235 2.1.18–22: 276 2.1: 217–29 2.1.34–49: 261–2 2.11: 58 2.1.50–62: 254–5 2.75: 228 2.1.63–75: 280 2.153: 226 2.1.90–2: 278 2.194: 45 S. 2.333–40: 7 1.4.1–7: 268 2.334: 8 1.10.1–4: 287 2.335: 8 1.10.5–14: 287–8 2.362: 222 1.10.50–61: 288–9 3.93: 79 1.10.64–71: 289–90 3.94: 80 3.95: 80 Livy 3.126: 222 30.30.27: 5 3.141: 9 3.148: 228 OGI 487: 30 3.173–81: 10 ORF 3.180: 176 58: 118–19 Div. Ovid 2.150: 60–1 Pont. Dom. 3.4.103–4: 178 121: 10 Fin. Petronius 3.7: 63 Satyrica 1–5: 48

342

Index locorum 343

Pliny 1.3: 61 Ep. 2.1–2: 106–7, 217 1.1: 19 2.1: 18, 23, 45, 73, 1.3.3: 21 138 2.11.1: 297 2.2: 25, 85 3.13.2: 228 3.1: 63 6.15: 17 3.2: 19 6.16: 17 3.3: 45 6.23.5: 192–3 4.1: 21, 67 4.2: 146 Quintilian 5.3: 84 Decl. 13.15: 10 5.3–10.8: 26–7, 125f. Inst. 5.5: 1, 128 2.10.9: 186 5.5–6: 129 2.17.41: 11 5.7: 128 3.1.21: 276 6.2: 131–2 3.8.1: 8 6.6: 137, 297 3.8.42: 12 7.1: 129 4.1: 170 7.1–2: 132–3 8.pr.6: 11 8.3: 134–5 10.1.20–1: 90 9.2: 43, 129 10.1.29–30: 177 9.3: 143 10.1.81: 271 9.5: 135–53 10.1.122: 244–5 9.6: 143 10.2.4: 278 10.4: 146, 177 10.2.8: 245 10.6: 138 10.2.11: 259 10.8: 43, 138 10.2.17: 254 11.1: 139 12.9.21: 131 11.1–2: 108 12.10.15: 256 11.1–13.6: 27, 139f. 12.10.45: 253 11.2: 120, 143, 157 12.10.69: 260 12.1–3: 141 12.11.22: 278 12.2: 146, 147 12.11.29: 11 12.3: 47 12.4: 149, 160 Rhet. Her. 12.5–6: 269 1.26–7: 9 12.6: 163 3.2–9: 7 12.6–13.2: 158–9 3.3: 9 13.3: 144, 270 13.4: 148 Sallust 13.6: 144–5 Jug. 108.3: 5 14.1: 21, 67 Seneca the Elder 14.3: 81, 84, 114–15 Con. 3.pr.16: 274 15.1: 110 Seneca the Younger 16.1: 85 Ep. 114.1: 36 16.3: 109 16.4: 139 Tacitus 16.4–23.6: 27–8, 165f. Ag. 4.5: 185 16.6: 262 Ann. 17.2–3: 263 13.3.2: 34 17.5–6: 265 14.11: 35 17.6: 173 Dial. 18.3: 232 1.1: 54, 101–4, 208, 244 19.1–2: 166, 270 1.2: 22, 104, 166–7 19.2: 281

344 Index locorum

Tacitus (cont.) 31.2: 10 19.3–19.5: 224–5 31.7: 219 19.5: 167 33.5: 115–16 20.2: 169, 199–200, 281 34.1–2: 73 20.5: 227, 282–3 34.5: 259 20.7: 175–6 35: 77–8 21.1: 257–8 35.1: 79 21.2: 174 35.2: 80 21.3–4: 250, 281 35.3: 83 21.4: 181 36–41: 29, 186f. 21.7: 282 36.2: 198 21.9: 174 36.4: 120 22.4: 175 36.6: 202 23.1: 251 37.4–5: 189 23.2: 283 38.1: 194 23.3: 258–9 38.2: 190–1 23.6: 76, 111, 171 39.1: 193 24.1: 71, 222 40.2: 117, 205 24.1–2: 220 40.4: 37 24.1–24.2: 226 41.5: 118, 290, 295 24.3: 112 42.1: 65 25.1–2: 112 42.1–2: 62 25.1: 266 Hist: 1.1: 30 25.3: 279 25.4: 180, 247 Vergil 25.7: 180 A. 25–6: 28 2.141–4: 4 26.2: 180–1, 252 2.548–9: 247 26.4–6: 273 4.24: 4 26.9: 113 4.700–5: 6 27.1: 113 6.322–4: 5 27.3: 117, 247 6.392–7: 4 28–35: 28–9 6.455: 3 28.1: 88 6.456–60: 3 30.3: 243 6.458–60: 5 30.4: 11 6.473: 4 30.5: 11, 84–5, 184 G. 3.4: 228