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Was the Catholic Church Powerful in Medieval Europe? ​ (Standards: 2, 3, 4, 5; Themes: ID, MOV, GOV, TECH)

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Was the Catholic Church Powerful in Medieval Europe? ​ (Standards: 2, 3, 4, 5; Themes: ID, MOV, GOV, TECH) curriculum.newvisions.org/social-studies Timothy Lent - [email protected] ​ Kameelah Rasheed - [email protected] ​ Please Read: We encourage all teachers to modify the materials to meet the needs of their students. To create a version of this document that you can edit: 1. Make sur​ e you are signed into a Google ac​count w​hen you are on the resource. ​ 2. Go to the "File" pull down menu in the upper left hand corner and select "Make a Copy." This will give you a version of the document that you own and can modify. Teacher Overview: How did the fall of Rome impact Western and Eastern Europe? ​ Go directly to student-facing materials! SQ 4. What were ​ feudalism and SQ 6. Where was the Byzantine ​ manorialism? Why did SQ 5. Was the Catholic Church powerful in Empire? How did geography they develop in Western and its location affect the Europe? What effects did Medieval Europe? development of the Byzantine they have on people living Empire? in Medieval Europe? Unit Essential Question(s): How did post-classical civilizations gain, consolidate, maintain, and lose their power? Link to Unit ​ ​ ​ Supporting Question(s): ● What were feudalism and manorialism? Why did they develop in Western Europe? What effects did they have on people living in Medieval Europe? Objective(s): ● Argue whether the Catholic Church was or was not powerful in Medieval Europe. ​ 1. NYS Social Studies Framework: ​ Key Idea Conceptual Understandings Content Specifications 9.5 POLITICAL POWERS AND ACHIEVEMENTS: New 9.5a Following the fall of the Roman Empire, Students will examine the political, economic, and social power arrangements emerged across Eurasia. Political divergent societies emerged in Europe. institutions of feudal Western Europe and the Byzantine states and empires employed a variety of techniques for Empire during the Middle Ages. expanding and maintaining control. Periods of relative stability allowed for significant cultural, technological, and scientific innovations. UNIT 4 | Political Powers and Achievements | SQ 5 Was the Catholic Church powerful in Medieval Europe? ​ (Standards: 2, 3, 4, 5; Themes: ID, MOV, GOV, TECH) 2. Social Studies Practices NYS Social Studies Practices New Visions Student Social Studies Practices Gathering, Using and Interpreting Evidence (A2, A5, A6, A7) ​ Chronological Reasoning and Causation (B3) ​ Comparison and Contextualization (C6) ​ Contextualize Corroborate Construct Arguments 3. Common Core Reading Writing Speaking and Listening Key Ideas and Details: Text Types & Purposes: Comprehension and Collaboration: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.9-10.2: Determine the central ideas or CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.WHST.9-10.1: Write arguments focused on CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.SL.9-10.1: Initiate and participate effectively in ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate discipline-specific content. a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and ​ summary of how key events or ideas develop over the course of the teacher-led) with diverse partners on grades 9-10 topics, texts, and text. issues, building on others' ideas and expressing their own clearly and persuasively. Craft and Structure: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.9-10.4: Determine the meaning of words and ​ ​ phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary describing political, social, or economic aspects of history/social science. Integration of Knowledge and Ideas: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.9-10.7: Integrate quantitative or technical ​ ​ analysis (e.g., charts, research data) with qualitative analysis in print or digital text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RH.9-10.9: Compare and contrast treatments of ​ ​ the same topic in several primary and secondary sources. Associated Classroom Posters Student Social Studies Practices Poster Citations 1 Images modified by New Visions from Tug of War by Luis Prado is published on the Noun Project under the CC BY 3.0 US license. ​ ​ ​ ​ UNIT 4 | Political Powers and Achievements | SQ 5 Was the Catholic Church powerful in Medieval Europe? ​ Was the Catholic Church powerful in Medieval Europe? Objective: ● Argue whether the Catholic Church was or was not powerful in Medieval Europe. ​ Introduction ➡ Directions: Read the text below and complete the See-Think-Wonder activity that follows. ​ The statements below come from a document called Dictatus Papae (1075), which stated the powers of the Pope in the Middle Ages. The Pope is the leader of the Catholic Church. 9. That of the pope alone all princes shall kiss the feet. 12. That it may be permitted to him [pope] to depose [remove from power] emperors. 14. That he has power to ordain [make someone a priest] a clerk of any church he may wish. 17. That no chapter and no book shall be considered canonical [included in a list of sacred books] without his authority. 18. That a sentence passed by him may be retracted by no one; and that he himself, alone of all, may retract it. 19. That he himself may be judged by no one. Excerpt is from Select Historical Documents of the Middle Ages which is published on the Internet Medieval Sourcebook. ​ See Think Wonder List two things you see in the text above that interest Based on your observations, what do you think about Write two questions you have about the text from ​ ​ you. the power the pope had in the Middle Ages? Dictatus Papae. UNIT 4 | Political Powers and Achievements | SQ 5 Was the Catholic Church powerful in Medieval Europe? ​ Before we proceed, a quick note about time periods … The Middle Ages are the time period from 476 CE to around 1450 CE in Western Europe. Sometimes the whole post-classical era is referred ​ ​ to as the Middle Ages, but it is referred to the “Middle” Ages because historians viewed it as an less important time period between Rome and the Early Modern Period, and since Rome and the birth of the Early Modern Period happened in Europe, we will only consider the Middle Ages to be an era specific to Europe. Medieval Europe = Europe during the Middle Ages = 5th century (400s) CE - 15th century (1400s) CE UNIT 4 | Political Powers and Achievements | SQ 5 Was the Catholic Church powerful in Medieval Europe? ​ Contextualize the Catholic Church in Medieval Europe ➡ Directions: Read text below and answer the accompanying question. ​ Contextualize After the fall of the Roman Empire in 476 CE, western Europe broke into small warring kingdoms. Since it was the official church of the Roman Empire, most people in Western Europe were Christians, and it owned a great deal of wealth and land, the Catholic Church became the most important unifying and stabilizing force in western Europe during the Middle Ages. The power vacuum left by the Roman Empire was filled by the Catholic Church. Over the course of the early Middle Ages, the Catholic Church became more influential and powerful, to the point where the Church and the beliefs of its clergy [people who had high positions in the Church like priests and bishops] controlled secular [non-religious] life and secular government. By the 11th century (1000s), the Pope, the leader of the Catholic Church, had the power to decide who would be king in some regions and was able to raise an army to go to war. For centuries afterwards, secular leaders and the Church competed for power in western Europe. 1. Why did the Catholic Church become powerful in Western Europe? 2. What powers did the Catholic Church gain during the early Middle Ages? Citations 1 UNIT 4 | Political Powers and Achievements | SQ 5 Was the Catholic Church powerful in Medieval Europe? ​ Document Analysis Activity: Was the Catholic Church powerful in Medieval Europe? ➡ Directions: Examine each of the following documents, then respond to the accompanying prompts to determine if the evidence sup​ ports that the Catholic Church was or was not powerful in Medieval Europe. Corroborate Document 1 1a. Circle which claim this document supports. Claim A: The Catholic Church was very powerful in ​ Medieval Europe. Claim B: The Catholic Church was not very powerful in ​ Medieval Europe. 1b. Identify a piece of textual or visual evidence from this document that supports the claim this document makes. A painting depicting the three “estates” or classes in Medieval France. Image is courtesy of Wikimedia and is in the public domain. ​ ​ UNIT 4 | Political Powers and Achievements | SQ 5 Was the Catholic Church powerful in Medieval Europe? ​ Document 2 2a. Circle which claim this document supports. Claim A: The Catholic Church was very powerful in ​ Medieval Europe. Claim B: The Catholic Church was not very ​ Watch this excerpt of the Crash Course powerful in Medieval Europe. World History Video “Luther and the Protestant Reformation” (01:28-02:35) ​ 2b. Identify a piece of textual or visual evidence from this document that supports the claim this document makes. Transcript: During the European Middle Ages, the Catholic Church really dominated European civilization. It’s almost impossible to imagine the scope of the Church’s power in the Middle Ages, but let’s try. First off, the Catholic Church was the caretaker of the most important thing that Christians had, their souls, which, unlike our temporal [secular] bodies, were eternal. And then there was the parish priest, who played a pivotal role throughout every person’s life, baptizing them, marrying them, hearing their confessions, [and] providing last rites. The church also provided all of the social services: It distributed alms [money or food given as a donation] to the poor, and ran orphanages, and provided what education was available. Most Europeans would in their lives meet exactly one person who could read the Bible, which was only available in Latin - their parish priest. And, the church owned over 1/3 of all the land in Europe, which helped make it the most powerful economic and political force on the continent.
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