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TITLE: Pomponius Mela's World Map DATE: A.D. 37 AUTHOR: Pomponius Mela
Pomponius Mela’s World View #116 TITLE: Pomponius Mela’s World Map DATE: A.D. 37 AUTHOR: Pomponius Mela DESCRIPTION: The images in this monograph show attempts at reconstruction of the world view of the earliest Roman geographer Pomponius Mela, who, although of Spanish birth, wrote a brief work which agrees in most of its views with the great Greek writers from Eratosthenes (#112) to Strabo (#115). However, Mela departs from the traditional ancient concept by asserting that in the southern temperate zone dwelt inhabitants who were inaccessible to Europeans because of the Torrid Zone that intervened. His knowledge of the characters of Western Europe and the British Isles was clearer than that of the Greek writers, and he was the first to name the Orcades [Orkney Islands]. The great Roman historian Pliny quoted Mela as an authority. The first-century author Pomponius Mela enjoyed a long- standing reputation in geographical matters, given Pliny’s praise of him in the Natural History. But no text by Mela was known until the 1330s, when Petrarch discovered his De chorographia [On Chorography, or Descriptive Geography] in Avignon. Mela did not include a map in his text, but it has been suggested that he had in mind the map of the known world that Agrippa (#118) had started and Augustus completed. Displayed in the Porticus Vipsania in Rome, this map was known as chorographia, a name possibly recalled by the title of Mela’s text. Petrarch was fascinated with Mela’s brief and engaging text and had copies made for fellow humanists, including Giovanni Boccaccio, facilitating the wide circulation of the manuscript for almost a century, until it was printed in Milan in 1471. -
Urban Planning in the Greek Colonies in Sicily and Magna Graecia
Urban Planning in the Greek Colonies in Sicily and Magna Graecia (8th – 6th centuries BCE) An honors thesis for the Department of Classics Olivia E. Hayden Tufts University, 2013 Abstract: Although ancient Greeks were traversing the western Mediterranean as early as the Mycenaean Period, the end of the “Dark Age” saw a surge of Greek colonial activity throughout the Mediterranean. Contemporary cities of the Greek homeland were in the process of growing from small, irregularly planned settlements into organized urban spaces. By contrast, the colonies founded overseas in the 8th and 6th centuries BCE lacked any pre-existing structures or spatial organization, allowing the inhabitants to closely approximate their conceptual ideals. For this reason the Greek colonies in Sicily and Magna Graecia, known for their extensive use of gridded urban planning, exemplified the overarching trajectory of urban planning in this period. Over the course of the 8th to 6th centuries BCE the Greek cities in Sicily and Magna Graecia developed many common features, including the zoning of domestic, religious, and political space and the implementation of a gridded street plan in the domestic sector. Each city, however, had its own peculiarities and experimental design elements. I will argue that the interplay between standardization and idiosyncrasy in each city developed as a result of vying for recognition within this tight-knit network of affluent Sicilian and South Italian cities. This competition both stimulated the widespread adoption of popular ideas and encouraged the continuous initiation of new trends. ii Table of Contents: Abstract. …………………….………………………………………………………………….... ii Table of Contents …………………………………….………………………………….…….... iii 1. Introduction …………………………………………………………………………..……….. 1 2. -
ROMANIZATION and SOME CILICIAN CULTS by HUGH ELTON (BIAA)
ROMANIZATION AND SOME CILICIAN CULTS By HUGH ELTON (BIAA) This paper focuses on two sites from central Cilicia in Anatolia, the Cory cian Cave and Kanhdivane, to make some comments about religion and Romanization. From the Corycian Cave, a pair of early third-century AD altars are dedicated to Zeus Korykios, described as Victorious (Epinikios), Triumphant (Tropaiuchos), and the Harvester (Epikarpios), and to Hermes Korykios, also Victorious, Triumphant, and the Harvester. The altars were erected for 'the fruitfulness and brotherly love of the Augusti', suggesting they come from the period before Geta's murder, i.e. between AD 209 and 212. 1 These altars are unremarkable and similar examples are common else where, so these altars can be interpreted as showing the homogenising effect of the Roman Empire. But behind these dedications, however, may lie a re ligious tradition stretching back to the second millennium BC. At the second site, Kanhdivane, a tomb in the west necropolis was accompanied by a fu nerary inscription erected by Marcus Ulpius Knos for himself and his family, probably in the second century AD. Marcus then added, 'but if anyone damages or opens [the tomb] let him pay to the treasury of Zeus 1000 [de narii] and to the Moon (Selene) and to the Sun (Helios) above 1000 [denarii] and let him be subject to the curses also of the Underground Gods (Kata chthoniai Theoi). ' 2 When he wanted to threaten retribution, Knos turned to a local group of gods. As at the Corycian Cave, Knos' actions may preserve traces of pre-Roman practices, though within a Roman framework. -
Alexandria, Egypt, Before Alexander the Great: a Multidisciplinary Approach Yields Rich Discoveries
Alexandria, Egypt, before Alexander the Great: A multidisciplinary approach yields rich discoveries Jean-Daniel Stanley*, Geoarchaeology Program, Rm. E-206, drilling, photography, and television, along with refinement of Paleobiology, Smithsonian Institution National Museum of applicable high-resolution seismic methodologies and surveys Natural History (NMNH), Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, by research submarine and remote operated vehicle. Coastal USA; Richard W. Carlson*, Carnegie Institution of Washing- geoarchaeology reached a subdiscipline threshold ~25 years ton, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Washington, D.C. ago, at the time of publication of the multi-authored volume on 20015, USA; Gus Van Beek*, Anthropology, Smithsonian Insti- Quaternary coastlines and marine archaeology edited by Mas- tution NMNH, Washington, D.C., 20013-7012, USA; Thomas F. ters and Flemming (1983). Since then, the number of studies Jorstad*, Geoarchaeology Program, Rm. E-206, Paleobiology, that emphasize integration of varied geological and archaeo- Smithsonian Institution NMNH, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, logical approaches in the marine realm has progressively risen. USA; Elizabeth A. Landau*, Geological Sciences, San Diego Of special note is the increased use of a classic geological State University, San Diego, California 92182-1020, USA methodology, sediment coring, to help resolve archaeological problems at sites that presently lie beneath the waves. This sub- ABSTRACT bottom technology has been applied with successful results in Historic records refer to Rhakotis as a settlement on Egypt’s most world oceans, especially in the Mediterranean (Morhange Mediterranean coast before Alexander the Great founded the et al., 2005; Marriner and Morhange, 2007; Stanley, 2007). famous Mediterranean port city of Alexandria in B.C. -
The World's Measure: Caesar's Geographies of Gallia and Britannia in Their Contexts and As Evidence of His World Map
The World's Measure: Caesar's Geographies of Gallia and Britannia in their Contexts and as Evidence of his World Map Christopher B. Krebs American Journal of Philology, Volume 139, Number 1 (Whole Number 553), Spring 2018, pp. 93-122 (Article) Published by Johns Hopkins University Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/ajp.2018.0003 For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/687618 Access provided at 25 Oct 2019 22:25 GMT from Stanford Libraries THE WORLD’S MEASURE: CAESAR’S GEOGRAPHIES OF GALLIA AND BRITANNIA IN THEIR CONTEXTS AND AS EVIDENCE OF HIS WORLD MAP CHRISTOPHER B. KREBS u Abstract: Caesar’s geographies of Gallia and Britannia as set out in the Bellum Gallicum differ in kind, the former being “descriptive” and much indebted to the techniques of Roman land surveying, the latter being “scientific” and informed by the methods of Greek geographers. This difference results from their different contexts: here imperialist, there “cartographic.” The geography of Britannia is ultimately part of Caesar’s (only passingly and late) attested great cartographic endeavor to measure “the world,” the beginning of which coincided with his second British expedition. To Tony Woodman, on the occasion of his retirement as Basil L. Gildersleeve Professor of Classics at the University of Virginia, in gratitude. IN ALEXANDRIA AT DINNER with Cleopatra, Caesar felt the sting of curiosity. He inquired of “the linen-wearing Acoreus” (linigerum . Acorea, Luc. 10.175), a learned priest of Isis, whether he would illuminate him on the lands and peoples, gods and customs of Egypt. Surely, Lucan has him add, there had never been “a visitor more capable of the world” than he (mundique capacior hospes, 10.183). -
Early & Rare World Maps, Atlases & Rare Books
19219a_cover.qxp:Layout 1 5/10/11 12:48 AM Page 1 EARLY & RARE WORLD MAPS, ATLASES & RARE BOOKS Mainly from a Private Collection MARTAYAN LAN CATALOGUE 70 EAST 55TH STREET • NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10022 45 To Order or Inquire: Telephone: 800-423-3741 or 212-308-0018 Fax: 212-308-0074 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.martayanlan.com Gallery Hours: Monday through Friday 9:30 to 5:30 Saturday and Evening Hours by Appointment. We welcome any questions you might have regarding items in the catalogue. Please let us know of specific items you are seeking. We are also happy to discuss with you any aspect of map collecting. Robert Augustyn Richard Lan Seyla Martayan James Roy Terms of Sale: All items are sent subject to approval and can be returned for any reason within a week of receipt. All items are original engrav- ings, woodcuts or manuscripts and guaranteed as described. New York State residents add 8.875 % sales tax. Personal checks, Visa, MasterCard, American Express, and wire transfers are accepted. To receive periodic updates of recent acquisitions, please contact us or register on our website. Catalogue 45 Important World Maps, Atlases & Geographic Books Mainly from a Private Collection the heron tower 70 east 55th street new york, new york 10022 Contents Item 1. Isidore of Seville, 1472 p. 4 Item 2. C. Ptolemy, 1478 p. 7 Item 3. Pomponius Mela, 1482 p. 9 Item 4. Mer des hystoires, 1491 p. 11 Item 5. H. Schedel, 1493, Nuremberg Chronicle p. 14 Item 6. Bergomensis, 1502, Supplementum Chronicum p. -
Frogs Around the Pond: Some Images of the Mediterranean Sea In
FROGS AROUND THE POND: SOME IMAGES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA IN GREEK AND ROMAN CULTURE by SARAH JEAN CALDER TRAUT Under the Direction of Naomi Norman ABSTRACT This thesis describes some of the ways that Greek and Roman culture attempted to define the Mediterranean Sea. It surveys selected Greek and Roman authors who used the image of the Mediterranean Sea to talk about power and wealth. INDEX WORDS: Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean Basin, Greek and Roman Culture, Mare Nostrum, Isidorus, Sallust, Julius Caesar, Livy, Ab Urbe Condita, Pomponius Mela, Pliny the Elder, Juvenal, Old Oligarch, Pseudo- Xenophon, Constitution of the Athenians, Thucydides, History, Cicero, De Provinciis Consularibus, Augustus, Res Gestae, Plutarch, Quaestiones Conviviales, Hesiod, Works and Days, Petronius, Satyricon, Lucian, The Ship or The Wishes. FROGS AROUND THE POND: SOME IMAGES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA IN GREEK AND ROMAN CULTURE by SARAH JEAN CALDER TRAUT A.B., The University of Georgia, 2001 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2004 ©2004 Sarah Jean Calder Traut All Rights Reserved. FROGS AROUND THE POND: SOME IMAGES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA IN GREEK AND ROMAN CULTURE by SARAH JEAN CALDER TRAUT Major Professor: Naomi Norman Committee: Robert Curtis Keith Dix Electronic Version Approved: Maureen Grasso Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia May 2004 iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge the guidance that Dr. Naomi Norman has given me throughout my undergraduate and graduate schooling. Without her support, I should never have completed my thesis or my undergraduate degree. -
General: Anonymous. Periplus Maris Erythraei (Or 'Voyage Around The
General: Anonymous. Periplus Maris Erythraei (or ‘Voyage around the Erythraean Sea’). L. Casson. The Periplus Maris Erythraei: Text with Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. Princeton (1989). Cosmas Indicopleustes. Christian Topography. Boivin, N., Blench, R., & Fuller, D. (2009). Archaeological, linguistic and historical sources on ancient seafaring: A multidisciplinary approach to the study of early maritime contact and exchange in the Arabian Peninsula. In M. Petraglia & J. Rose (Eds.), The evolution of human populations in Arabia (pp. 251–278). New York: Springer. S. Faller. "The World According to Cosmas Indicopleustes—Concepts and Illustrations of an Alexandrian Merchant and Monk." M. P. Fitzpatrick. "Provincializing Rome: The Indian Ocean Trade Network and Roman Imperialism." Journal of World History 22 (2011): 27–54. S. Sidebotham. "The Red Sea and Indian Ocean in the Age of the Great Empires." In A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, ed. D. Potts, 1041-1059. (2012). Week One: Roman Egypt and Late Antique Egypt K. Damgaard, "A Palestinian Red Sea Port on the Egyptian Road to Arabia: Early Islamic Aqaba and its Many Hinterlands." In L. Blue – J. Cooper – R. Thomas – J. Whitewright (eds.), Connected Hinterlands: Proceedings of the Red Sea Project IV Held at the University of Southampton, September 2008, 85-98. Oxford (2009). S. Sidebotham. "Trade in Roman Berenike." In Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route. Berkeley and Los Angeles (2011), 221–258. S. Sidebotham. "Other Emporia." In Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route, 175-194. Berkeley and Los Angeles (2011). J. Whitewright. "The Ships and Shipping of Indo-Roman Trade: A View from Egyptian Red Sea Ports." Herom 6 (2017): 137-172. -
Searching for the Ancient Harbours of the Erythraean Sea Wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui an Analytical Investigation
qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasd fghjklzxcv bnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzx cvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq Searching for the Ancient Harbours of the Erythraean Sea wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui An Analytical Investigation 30/9/2010 opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg Carmen Tânia Macleroy Obied hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................................................ 5 ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................................................... 10 CHAPTER 1 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 11 ͞,ĂƌďŽƵƌƐĂŶĚ/ŶĚŽ-ZŽŵĂŶdƌĂĚĞ͟ 1.1. Aims and Research Questions......................................................................................................................................... 11 1.1.1. PROPOSED RESEARCH ................................................................................................................................................. 11 1.1.2. AIMS ......................................................................................................................................................................... -
Ancient Afghanistan and the Indian Ocean: Maritime Links of the Kushan Empire Ca 50-200 CE1
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives Ancient Afghanistan and the Indian Ocean: Maritime Links of the Kushan Empire ca 50-200 CE1 — Eivind Heldaas Seland* In the first two centuries CE, commodities from Afghanistan and traded by way of Afghanistan held a prominent place in the maritime trade of the western Indian Ocean. This paper explores the maritime links between Afghanistan, the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf as they appear in the first- century merchants guide Periplus Maris Erythraei and second-century epigraphic and archaeological material from Syrian Palmyra, and asks why the maritime routes became attractive alternatives in this period despite the considerable detours constituted by them. odern Afghanistan is categorised who travelled to the Kushan Empire by way by the UN as a “landlocked of the Persian Gulf (Delplace 2003; Healy M developing country”, surpassed 1996; Seyrig 1936). Geographical reasons only by Kazakhstan in terms of distance to explain why ancient Afghanistan became the sea. This trivial fact of geography did a node in the overland caravan routes not prevent the Indian Ocean from playing extending across Eurasia. But why did the an important part in connecting ancient Indian Ocean become important to the rulers Afghanistan with the larger world. The first- of a landlocked Central Asian kingdom in century CE Roman glass, bronze and plaster this period? objects from the storerooms excavated at The PeriPlus of The eryThraean Begram in 1937-1939 (Mehendale, 2011: 168- sea and The mariTime connecTions 185, 197-208), only reached the Kabul Valley of afghanisTan in The mid firsT after being transported from Roman Egypt by cenTury ce way of the Red Sea and the Arabian Sea (Fig. -
How Skagerrak Became the Focus of a Naming Dispute Between Denmark, Norway and Sweden Gammeltoft, Peder
From Dutch to disputed How Skagerrak became the focus of a naming dispute between Denmark, Norway and Sweden Gammeltoft, Peder Published in: Seas and Islands: Connecting People, Culture, History and the Future Publication date: 2017 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: Unspecified Citation for published version (APA): Gammeltoft, P. (2017). From Dutch to disputed: How Skagerrak became the focus of a naming dispute between Denmark, Norway and Sweden. In Seas and Islands: Connecting People, Culture, History and the Future: Proceedings of the 22nd International Seminar on Sea Names, Jeju, Korea 23-25 October 2016 (Vol. 22, pp. 147-158). The Society for East Sea. Download date: 26. sep.. 2021 From Dutch to disputed: How Skagerrak became the focus of a naming dispute between Denmark, Norway and Sweden Peder GAMMELTOFT* In 1967, the Norwegian State, through its Name Consultants called for a joint inter-Nordic and international spelling of the water Skagerrak between Denmark, Norway and Sweden. The reason for this was that there was no fixed standard form of the name. In fact, there were three spelling conventions, one with -r- only, Skagerak (Norwegian) and Skagerack (Sweden), and one with -rr-, Skagerrak (Denmark). Implicit in the Norwegian request for a joint form, was the demand for accepting the authorized Norwegian, Skagerak, to be the joint inter-Nordic and international name form over the Swedish and Danish name forms Skagerack and Skagerrak. The call resulted in a prolonged and very polemic series of correspondences with several surprising turns and changes in attitude towards which spelling should be preferred. -
Stouraitis Byzantine Romanness Revised Final Draft GW
Byzantine Romanness: From geopolitical to ethnic conceptions Ioannis Stouraitis In a paper focusing on the issue of personal identity, the philosopher Derek Parfit summarized the distinction between the concepts of numerical and qualitative identity as follows: Two white billiard balls may be qualitatively identical, or exactly similar. But they are not numerically identical, or one and the same ball. If I paint one of these balls red, it will cease to be qualitatively identical with itself as it was; but it will still be one and the same ball. Consider next a claim like, “Since her accident, she is no longer the same person”. That involves both senses of identity. It means that she, one and the same person, is not now the same person. That is not a contradiction. The claim is only that this person's character has changed. This numerically identical person is now qualitatively different.1 These two conceptual approaches to sameness seem to me to provide an appropriate point of departure for an introduction to the issue of Romanness in early medieval Byzantium. The loss of the Late Roman Empire’s western parts in the fifth century and the extensive territorial contraction of Justinian I’s restored empire, along with the linguistic Hellenization of the Roman imperial administration, between the late-sixth and late-seventh centuries, meant that the numerically identical political entity Roman Empire, the realm demarcated by the boundaries of enforceable authority of the Roman imperial office, was not the same any more, i.e. became qualitatively different. This difference is conceptualized in modern-day scholarly discourse by the terminus technicus: the Byzantine Empire.