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General: Anonymous. Periplus Maris Erythraei (or ‘Voyage around the Erythraean Sea’). L. Casson. The Periplus Maris Erythraei: Text with Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. Princeton (1989). Cosmas Indicopleustes. Christian Topography. Boivin, N., Blench, R., & Fuller, D. (2009). Archaeological, linguistic and historical sources on ancient seafaring: A multidisciplinary approach to the study of early maritime contact and exchange in the Arabian Peninsula. In M. Petraglia & J. Rose (Eds.), The evolution of human populations in Arabia (pp. 251–278). New York: Springer. S. Faller. "The World According to Cosmas Indicopleustes—Concepts and Illustrations of an Alexandrian Merchant and Monk." M. P. Fitzpatrick. "Provincializing Rome: The Indian Ocean Trade Network and Roman Imperialism." Journal of World History 22 (2011): 27–54. S. Sidebotham. "The Red Sea and Indian Ocean in the Age of the Great Empires." In A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, ed. D. Potts, 1041-1059. (2012). Week One: Roman Egypt and Late Antique Egypt K. Damgaard, "A Palestinian Red Sea Port on the Egyptian Road to Arabia: Early Islamic Aqaba and its Many Hinterlands." In L. Blue – J. Cooper – R. Thomas – J. Whitewright (eds.), Connected Hinterlands: Proceedings of the Red Sea Project IV Held at the University of Southampton, September 2008, 85-98. Oxford (2009). S. Sidebotham. "Trade in Roman Berenike." In Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route. Berkeley and Los Angeles (2011), 221–258. S. Sidebotham. "Other Emporia." In Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route, 175-194. Berkeley and Los Angeles (2011). J. Whitewright. "The Ships and Shipping of Indo-Roman Trade: A View from Egyptian Red Sea Ports." Herom 6 (2017): 137-172. Optional: Cooper, J. P. 2011: ‘No easy option: Nile versus Red Sea in ancient and mediaeval north-south navigation’. In Harris, W. V. and Iara, K. (eds.) Maritime Technology in the Ancient Economy: Ship-Design and Navigation (Rhode Island), 189-210. R. Kucharczyk. "Come and dine with me... Early Roman luxury glass tableware from Berenike — new evidence from the harbor area and trash dumps." Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean XXVI/2 (2017): 147-166. M. Osypińska and P, Osypiński. "New evidence for the emergence of a human–pet relation in early Roman Berenike (1st–2nd century AD)." Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean XXVI/2 (2017): 167-192. S. Sidebotham. "Nile-Red Sea Roads." In Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route, 125-174. Berkeley and Los Angeles (2011). Week Two: Nubia, Axum and Beyond in East Africa R. Darley. "The Island Frontier: Socotra, Sri Lanka and the Shape of Commerce in the Late Antique Western Indian Ocean." Al-Masaq 31 (2019): 223-241. R. Haaland. "The Meroitic Empire: Trade and Cultural Influences in an Indian Ocean Context." African Archaeological Review 31(2014):649–73. M. Horton, N. Boivin, and A. Crowther. "Eastern Africa and the Early Indian Ocean: Understanding Mobility in a Globalising World." Journal of Egyptian History 13 (2020): 380-408. A. Manzo, ‘Aksumite Trade and the Red Sea Exchange Network: A View from Bieta Giyorgis (Aksum)’, in J.C.M. Starkey (ed.), People of the Red Sea: Proceedings of the Red Sea Project II. Held in the British Museum, October 2004, 51-66. London (2005). Optional G. Hughes and R. Post. "A GIS Approach to Finding Rhapta." In Early Exchange between Africa and the Wider Indian Ocean World, 135-155 (2016). A. Manzo. "The Transition to Nomadism (c. 1000–AD 1500)." In Eastern Sudan in its Setting: The Archaeology of a Region far from the Nile Valley, 55-69. Oxford (2017). J. de Torres Rodriguez, A. González-Ruibal, C. Kleinitz, M. A. F. Rodríguez, C. Martínez Barrio, and A. D. Jama. "Excavation of a first century AD tomb in Heis (Somaliland): evincing long-distance trade contacts." Nyame Akuna 91 (2019): 30-35. M. Wood, L. Dussubieux, and P. Robertshaw. "The Glass of Chibuene, Mozambique: New Insights into Early Indian Ocean Trade." South African Archaeological Bulletin (2012): C. Zazzaro. "Adulis and the Sea." In Human Interaction and the Red Sea: Selected Papers of Red Sea Project VI, ed. D. A. Agius, E. Khalil, E. Scerri, and A. Williams, 151- 170. Leiden (2017). Week Three: South Arabia and Persian Gulf S. Japp. "Imports of Pottery and Glass Vessels in First Millennium CE Arabia: Signs of Cultural and Commercial Contacts via the Red Sea Trade routes." In Stories of Globalization: The Red Sea and Persian Gulf from Late Prehistory to Early Modernity: Collected Papers of the Red Sea Project VII, ed. A. Manzo, C. Zazzaro, and D. De Falco (2018). D. Kennet. "The Decline of Eastern Arabia in the Sasanian Period." Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy (2007): 86-122. A. Reddy. "Sourcing Indian ceramics in Arabia: actual imports and local imitations." Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 45: 253-271. A.V. Sedov. ‘The Port of Qana’ and the Incense Trade’, in D. Peacock and D.F. Williams (eds.), Food for the Gods: New Light on the Ancient Incense Trade (Oxford, 2007) 71-111. Optional J. P. Cooper and C. Zazzaro. "The Farasan Islands, Saudi Arabia: Towards a Chronology of Settlement." Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy (2014): 147-174. C. Durand. "From ‘ovoid jars’ to ‘torpedo jars’: Investigations into bitumen- lined transport containers in the Gulf and the Indian Ocean in antiquity (second century BCE–third century CE)." Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy (2021): 1-12. A. Kutterer, S. A. Jasim, E. Yousif. "Buried far from home: Sasanian graves at Jebelal- Emeilah (Sharjah, UAE)." Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy (2015): 43-54. M. M. Raith, R. Hoffbauer, H. Euler, P. A. Yule, and K. Damgaard. "The View from Ẓafār – An Archaeometric Study of the ʿAqaba Pottery Complex and its Distribution in the 1st Millennium CE." Zeitschrift für Orient-Archäologie 6 (2013): 320-350. Week Four: India, Central Asia, and Beyond S. Gupta. "The Western Indian Ocean Interaction Sphere: Significance of the Red Sea and the Arabian/Persian Gulf Routes from the Mediterranean to India (First Century BCE–Third Century CE)." In Stories of Globalization: The Red Sea and Persian Gulf from Late Prehistory to Early Modernity: Collected Papers of the Red Sea Project VII, ed. A. Manzo, C. Zazzaro, and D. De Falco, 353-393. (2018). R. Mairs. "Glassware from Roman Egypt at Begram (Afghanistan) and the Red Sea Trade." British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt Sudan 18 (2012): 2-14. H. P. Ray. "The West Coast of India and the Maritime World of the Western Indian Ocean." African Archaeological Review 31 (2014): 583-598. R. Tomber. "Roman Pottery from Pattanam." In Imperial Rome, Indian Ocean Regions, and Muziris, ed. K. S. Matthew, 381–394. London and New York (2016). Optional: A. Calo, P. Bellwood, J. Lankton, A. Reinecke, R. Agung Bawono, and B. Prasetyo. "Trans-Asiatic exchange of glass, gold and bronze: analysis of finds from the late prehistoric Pangkung Paruk site, Bali." Antiquity 94 (2020): 110-126. P. J. Cherian and J. Menon. Unearthing Pattanam: Histories, Cultures, Crossings. New Delhi (2014). S. Tripati and R. P. Behera. "Did Romans have direct maritime trade contacts with Odisha on the Eastern Indian littoral?" Current Science 116 (2019): 1391-1397. Wheeler, R. E. M., A. Ghosh and Krishna Deva . “Arikamedu, an Indo-Roman Trading- station on the East Coast of India.” Ancient India 2 (1946): 17-125. .
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  • Arabian Peninsula from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Jump to Navigationjump to Search "Arabia" and "Arabian" Redirect Here

    Arabian Peninsula from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia Jump to Navigationjump to Search "Arabia" and "Arabian" Redirect Here

    Arabian Peninsula From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigationJump to search "Arabia" and "Arabian" redirect here. For other uses, see Arabia (disambiguation) and Arabian (disambiguation). Arabian Peninsula Area 3.2 million km2 (1.25 million mi²) Population 77,983,936 Demonym Arabian Countries Saudi Arabia Yemen Oman United Arab Emirates Kuwait Qatar Bahrain -shibhu l-jazīrati l ِش ْبهُ ا ْل َج ِزي َرةِ ا ْلعَ َربِيَّة :The Arabian Peninsula, or simply Arabia[1] (/əˈreɪbiə/; Arabic jazīratu l-ʿarab, 'Island of the Arabs'),[2] is َج ِزي َرةُ ا ْلعَ َرب ʿarabiyyah, 'Arabian peninsula' or a peninsula of Western Asia situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian plate. From a geographical perspective, it is considered a subcontinent of Asia.[3] It is the largest peninsula in the world, at 3,237,500 km2 (1,250,000 sq mi).[4][5][6][7][8] The peninsula consists of the countries Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.[9] The peninsula formed as a result of the rifting of the Red Sea between 56 and 23 million years ago, and is bordered by the Red Sea to the west and southwest, the Persian Gulf to the northeast, the Levant to the north and the Indian Ocean to the southeast. The peninsula plays a critical geopolitical role in the Arab world due to its vast reserves of oil and natural gas. The most populous cities on the Arabian Peninsula are Riyadh, Dubai, Jeddah, Abu Dhabi, Doha, Kuwait City, Sanaʽa, and Mecca. Before the modern era, it was divided into four distinct regions: Red Sea Coast (Tihamah), Central Plateau (Al-Yamama), Indian Ocean Coast (Hadhramaut) and Persian Gulf Coast (Al-Bahrain).