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Brill's Encyclopedia of Buddhism Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism Volume I Literature and Languages Preview Editor-in-Chief: Jonathan A. Silk Consulting Editors: Oskar von Hinüber Vincent Eltschinger preview_BEB_v3.indd 1 31-07-14 10:57 Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism (6 vols.) Editor-in-Chief: Jonathan A. Silk, Leiden University Consulting Editors: Oskar von Hinüber, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, and Vincent Eltschinger, Austrian Academy of Sciences Set (6 vols.) • brill.com/enbu • ISBN 978 90 04 28469 2 • Hardback (6 vols. of approx. 750 pp. each) • List price EUR 1245.- / US$ 1944.- • Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 2 South Asia, 29/1-6 Volume 1: Buddhist Literatures • brill.com/ho2-ho2-29 • Forthcoming 2015 • ISBN 978 90 04 28343 5 • Hardback (approx. 750 pp.) • List price EUR 249.- / US$ 346.- • Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 2 South Asia, 29/1 It has been evident for many years that no authoritative, reliable, and up-to-date reference work on Buddhism yet exists in any language. Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism aims to fill that gap with a comprehensive work, presented in two phases: a series of six thematic volumes including an index volume, addressing issues of global and regional importance, to be followed by an ever-expanding online resource providing access both to synthetic and comprehensive treatments and to more individuated details on persons, places, texts, doctrinal matters, and so on. Illustrated with maps and photographs, and supplemented with extensive online resources, the print version of the thematic encyclopedia will present the latest research on the main aspects of the Buddhist traditions in original essays written by the world’s foremost scholars. The encyclopedia aims at a balanced and even-handed view of Buddhist traditions, presenting the most reliable accounts of well-known issues and filling gaps in heretofore-neglected areas. In doing so, it emphasizes that Buddhism is simultaneously constituted by a plurality of regional traditions and a far-reaching phenomenon spanning almost all of Asia, and more recently far beyond as well. Volume I, which will appear in 2015, surveys Buddhist literatures, scriptural and nonscriptural, and offers discussions of the languages of Buddhist traditions and the physical bases (manuscripts, epigraphy, etc.) available for the study of Buddhist literatures. Subsequent volumes will address issues of personages, communities, history, life and practice, doctrine, space and time, and Buddhism in the modern world. READERSHIP: All those interested in religions in South Asia, the history of Buddhism, as well as Indologists and historians of religions. Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism will also become available as online resource. * This booklet is a preview of the major reference work Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism. The texts and cover in this preview might differ from the final publication. preview_BEB_v3.indd 2 31-07-14 10:57 Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism Volume I: Literature and Languages Edited by Jonathan A. Silk Preview Leiden | Boston preview_BEB_v3.indd 3 31-07-14 10:57 EDITORIAL TEAM Editor-in-Chief Jonathan A. Silk Consulting Editors Oskar von Hinüber Vincent Eltschinger Editorial Advisory Board Lucia Dolce Johan Elverskog Luis Gomez Harunaga Isaacson Christian Lammerts Robert Mayer Juhyung Rhi Francesco Sferra Stefano Zacchetti preview_BEB_v3.indd 4 31-07-14 10:57 INTRODUCTION Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism – in Print and Online It has been evident for many years that no authoritative, reliable, and up-to-date reference work on Buddhism across Asia yet exists in any language. Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism aims to fill that gap with a comprehensive work, presented in two phases: (1) a series of six thematically organized printed volumes including an index volume, and (2) an online edition. The thematic encyclopedia, illustrated with maps and photographs, will present the latest research on the main aspects of the Buddhist traditions in original essays contributed by the world’s foremost scholars. The ever-expanding online edition will incorporate the contents of the printed volumes, in due course updated and corrected as necessary, and gradually but continually grow, moreover, into a treasure trove of individuated details on, for instance, persons, places, texts, and doctrinal matter. In addition, it will make full use of the multimedia possibilities of online presentation (with recordings of chanting, virtual 3-D visits to temples, and the like). Scope and Character The encyclopedia aims at a balanced and even-handed view of Buddhist traditions, both presenting the most reliable accounts of well-known issues and filling gaps in heretofore-neglected areas. In doing so, it emphasizes that Buddhism is simultaneously constituted by a plurality of regional traditions and a far- reaching phenomenon spanning almost all of Asia and, more recently, far beyond as well. The vast scope of Buddhist traditions – geographically, historically, linguistically, and culturally – necessitates a huge international cooperation. As a natural outcome, the project not only serves as a spotlight illuminating areas of traditional and modern Buddhism that yet have to receive adequate treatment but also helps to build bridges among scholars, students, regional specializations, and disciplines. One additional important function of the encyclopedia is that, while it aims to present the state of the art rather than to collect new and as yet untested hypotheses, it also represents a pioneering effort in seeking to present new knowledge and insights, or knowledge not yet broadly disseminated. 2015: The First Volume Volume I, appearing in 2015, surveys Buddhist literatures, scriptural and nonscriptural, and offers discussions of the languages of Buddhist traditions and the physical bases (manuscripts, epigraphy, etc.) available for the study of Buddhist literatures. In its more than one hundred entries on tantric literature, Vinaya, narratives, dramatic works, Buddhist literature in Mongolian and Tamil, and so on and on, it offers detailed surveys presenting information never available before. Subsequent volumes will address issues of personages, communities, history, life and practice, doctrine, space and time, and Buddhism in the modern world. Jonathan Silk Editor in Chief preview_BEB_v3.indd 5 31-07-14 10:57 PRELIMINARY TABLE OF CONTENTS Volume I Scriptural General Tantric Literature Canonicity Tantric Literature: Overview Tripiṭaka Catuṣpītha Āgama / Nikāya Guhyasamāja Abhidharma Hevajra Dazangjing Kālacakra Kanjur Mañjuśrīnāmasaṃgīti Tanjur Śamvara Mahāyāna Sūtra Literature Sarvabuddhasamāyogaḍākinījālaśaṃvara Mahāyāna Sūtra Literature: Overview Sarvavtathāgatatattvasaṃgraha Buddhāvataṃsaka Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Dhāraṇī Sūtras Rnying ma Laṅkāvatāra Gter ma Lotus Sūtra Vinaya Literature Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra Vinayas Prajñāpāramitā Vinaya Commentarial Literature in Pali Pure Land Sūtras Monastic Organizational Guidelines Samādhirāja Sandhinirmocana Suvarṇabhāsottama Tathāgatagarbha Vimalakīrtinirdeśa Chinese Buddhist Apocrypha Mahāyāna Sūtra Anthologies preview_BEB_v3.indd 6 31-07-14 10:57 Nonscriptural Commentary Teaching Literature Early Scripture Commentary Tantric Prakaraṇas Abhidharma Commentarial Literature Debate Literature: Japan Mahāyāna Sūtra Commentaries: East Asia Doxography: Tibet Tantric Commentaries: India Iconography Rishukyo and Its Commentarial Tradition Historiography Putixinlun South Asia Belles Lettres Tibet Narratives: South Asia China Poetry: South Asia Japan Narratives: Tibet Thailand and Laos Poetry: China: Pre-Song Burma Poetry: China: Song and After Local Literatures Narratives and Drama: China Tamil Narratives: Japan Nepal Poetry: Japan Bön Korean Buddhist Literature in Korean Sogdian Korean Buddhist Literature in Chinese Tangut/Xixia Narrative: Southeast Asia Khotanese Dramatic Works Uighur South Asia Mongolia Tibet Japan Central Asia Yunnan Japan Sri Lanka Philosophical Literature Mainland Southeast Asia India Languages Tibet Indic China Tibetan Korea Central Asian Languages Japan Chinese Ritual Texts Southeast Asian Languages South Asia Physical Bases New Tantras (Gsar ma) Manuscripts and Printing: South, Southeast, Rnying ma and Central Asia Korea Manuscripts and Printing: Tibet Chinese (Esoteric) Buddhist Liturgical Manuals Manuscripts and Printing: East Asia from Dunhuang Epigraphy: South Asia Fang Yankou Rites Epigraphy: Southeast Asia Chinese Tantric Texts in Court Circles Epigraphy: Tibet and Central Asia Tantric Ritual Manuals in East Asia Epigraphy: East Asia Chan Literature Biography and Hagiography Epistolary Literature Tibet Japan preview_BEB_v3.indd 7 31-07-14 10:57 8 2 Catuṣpīṭha (see Szántó, 2008b; vol. I, 2012, 123–147). Besides lay- of these unpublished texts, see Szántó, vol. I, 2012, ing down the initiation ritual in great detail, one 89–95, 147–194.) recension of the text introduced a new pantheon – Catuṣpīṭha most significantly a male deity, Yogāmbara, as the central figure – and eventually took over the role of The Pantheon primary scripture from the Catuṣpīṭhatantra itself. Catuṣpīṭha may be either an abbreviation of the three almost complete palm-leaf manuscripts, sev- For Bhavabhaṭṭa and Kalyāṇavarman, the pan- The original pantheon of the Catuṣpīṭha was exclu- scriptural title Catuṣpīṭhatantra or the name of the eral paper manuscripts, and at least six palm-leaf theon is still exclusively female, but Durjayacandra sively female. The goddesses’ iconographic features, textual cycle and teachings directly or supposedly fragments. All
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