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Televizija U Evropi: Regulativa, Politika I Nezavisnost

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Televizija U Evropi: Regulativa, Politika I Nezavisnost OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE EU MONITORING AND ADVOCACY SRBIJAPROGRAM NETWORK MEDIA PROGRAM Televizija u Evropi: regulativa, politika i nezavisnost Istra`iva~ki izve{taj EUSRBIJA MONITORING AND ADVOCACY PROGRAM (EUMAP) NETWORK MEDIA PROGRAM (NMP) 20051 TELEVIZIJA U EVROPI: REGULATIVAIzdava~i , POLITIKA I NEZAVISNOST MEDIJA CENTAR Milentija Popovi}a 9, Beograd Srbija i Crna Gora OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE Október 6. u. 12. H-1051 Budapest Hungary 400 West 59th Street New York, NY 10019 USA © OSI/EU Monitoring and Advocacy Program, 2005 Sva prava zadr`ana TM and Copyright © 2005 Open Society Institute EU MONITORING AND ADVOCACY PROGRAM Október 6. u. 12. H-1051 Budapest Hungary Veb sajt www.eumap.org Primerci originalnog izdanja na engleskom jeziku mogu se naru~iti od EU Monitoring and Advocacy Program [email protected] Primerci izdanja na srpskom jeziku mogu se dobiti u Medija centru u Beogradu, Milentija Popovi}a 9, telefon (+381 11) 220 69 12 i 220 69 00, e-mail [email protected] Prevod s engleskog Bojan Golubovi} i Maja Ba}li} Lektura & korektura Ivana Milanovi} Dizajn Q.E.D. Publishing Prelom APP, Beograd [tampa Libra, Beograd ISBN 86-82827-44-1 2 Beograd, 2006. OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE 2005 SADR@AJ Sadr`aj Zahvalnost ......................................................................... 5 Uvod ................................................................................... 9 Predgovor ......................................................................... 11 Pregled .............................................................................. 13 Izve{taj za Srbiju ................................................................ 201 EU MONITORING AND ADVOCACY PROGRAM (EUMAP) NETWORK MEDIA PROGRAM (NMP) 3 TELEVIZIJA U EVROPI: REGULATIVA, POLITIKA I NEZAVISNOST 4 OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE 2005 ZAHVALNOST Zahvalnost Program Instituta za otvoreno dru{tvo za nadgledanje i podr{ku pristupu Evropskoj uniji (EUMAP) `eli da zahvali slede}im pojedincima zbog njihove klju~ne uloge u procesu istra`ivanja i izrade nacrta izve{taja. Kona~nu odgovornost za sadr`aj izve{taja snosi sâm Program. Pregled Marius Dragomir Nezavisni konsultant (glavni pisac teksta) Du{an Relji} Vi{i istra`iva~, Nema~ki institut za me|unarodne odnose i bezbednost, Berlin (urednik-konsultant) Mark Tompson Nezavisni konsultant Andreas Grinvald (za pravni odeljak) Stru~njak za medijsko pravo, Advokat u Hogan & Hartson, L.L.P, kancelarija u Berlinu Albanija Ilda Londo Koordinatorka istra`ivanja, Albanski institut za medije Mirela [uteri}i Advokatkinja Bosna i Tarik Jusi} Direktor programa, Mediacentar Sarajevo Hercegovina Bugarska Asja Kavrakova Direktorka programa, Program za evropske integracije i regionalnu stabilnost, Program civilnog dru{tva, Institut za otvoreno dru{tvo - Sofija ^e{ka Eva Ribkova Novinarka, Republika rukovoditeljka programa, TOL Estonija Urmas Loit Generalni direktor, Asocijacija elektronskih medija Estonije Francuska Tjeri Vedel CNRS, Vi{i nau~ni saradnik, Centar za politi~ka istra`ivanja na "Sciences-Po", Pariz Hrvatska Zrinjka Peru{ko Vi{i nau~ni saradnik, Odeljenje za kulturu i komunikacije, Institut za me|unarodne odnose, Zagreb EU MONITORING AND ADVOCACY PROGRAM (EUMAP) NETWORK MEDIA PROGRAM (NMP) 5 TELEVIZIJA U EVROPI: REGULATIVA, POLITIKA I NEZAVISNOST Italija \anpijetro Macoleni Profesor, Fakultet politi~kih nauka, Univerzitet u Milanu \ulio Enea Vi|evani Profesor, Pravni fakultet, Univerzitet u Milanu Letonija Sergej Kruk Predava~, Univerzitet Letonije Litvanija Marius Lukosiunas Docent, Univerzitet u Viljnusu, Institut za novinarstvo Ma|arska Peter Bajomi-Lazar Istra`iva~, Ma|arski centar za slobodu {tampe Republika Vesna [opar Rukovoditeljka centra za komunikacije, Makedonija medije i kulturu, Institut za sociolo{ka, politi~ka i pravna istra`ivanja, Univerzitet "]irilo i Metodije", Skoplje Vet o n Lj at if i Predava~, Univerzitet Jugoisto~ne Evrope, politi~ki analiti~ar Nema~ka Runar Voldt Ekspert za medije, Frankfurt na Majni, Nema~ka Poljska And`ej Krajevski Nezavisni konsultant Rumunija Manuela Preoteasa Generalna direktorka, EurActiv Romania Slova~ka Rasto Kuzel MEMO 98 Ivan Godarski MEMO 98 Slovenija Marko Milosavljevi~ Fakultet dru{tvenih nauka, Univerzitet u Ljubljani Srbija Snje`ana Milivojevi} Profesorka, Fakultet politi~kih nauka, Univerzitet u Beogradu Tu rska Bulent Kapli Profesor, Fakultet za komunikacije, Univerzitet u Ankari Velika Britanija Dejvid Vard Centar za medijsku politiku i razvoj, London 6 OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE 2005 ZAHVALNOST @elimo da zahvalimo i slede}im organizacijama za njihov neprocenjiv doprinos i sa- radnju tokom izrade izve{taja: Albanski institut za medije, Albanija; Mediacentar Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina; Institut za otvoreno dru{tvo - Sofija, Bugarska; Institut za me|unarodne odnose, Hr- vatska; CEES Centar za medijske studije na Karlovom Univerzitetu, ^e{ka; Meediase- ire, Univerzitet u Tartuu, Estonija; CEVIPOF, Centar za politi~ka istra`ivanja Nacio- nalne fondacije za politi~ke nauke, Francuska; Centar za nezavisno novinarstvo, Ma- |arska; Providus, Letonija; Litvanski centar za novinarstvo, Litvanija; Makedonski institut za medije, Makedonija; Centar za nezavisno novinarstvo, Rumunija, Fondacija Concept, Rumunija; Beogradski Medija centar, Srbija; Memo 98, Slova~ka; Mirovni institut/Peace institute, Slovenija; Istanbulski centar za politiku na [aban~i Univerzite- tu, Fondacija za pomo} Instituta za otvoreno dru{tvo - Turska. Posebno `elimo da zahvalimo slede}im pojedincima za njihov doprinos u pisanju izve- {taja: prof. Karolu Jakubovi~u, dr Alini Mungiu-Pipidi, Gijomu [enevijeru i Peteru Norlanderu. Zahvaljujemo i slede}im pojedincima i ustanovama na njihovom doprinosu u izradi izve{taja: IP Me|unarodnom marketin{kom komitetu, {to je odobrio objavljivanje svo- jih podataka; Mirjani Milo{evi} iz Beograda, Regulatornoj agenciji za komunikacije, Bosna i Hercegovina; Gete-institutu u Pragu, ^e{ka; TNS Latvia, Letonija. EUMAP Penelope Farar direktorka programa Miriam Anati zamenica direktorke programa Kati Negrin menad`erka programa Alfija Abdikeva urednica veb sajta Jost Van Bek urednik veb sajta Andrea Gurubi Vaterson koordinatorka programa Cila Tot asistentkinja programa Marius Dragomir nezavisni konsultant Du{an Relji} vi{i istra`iva~ na Nema~kom institutu za me|unarodne odnose i bezbednost, Berlin, urednik-konsultant EU MONITORING AND ADVOCACY PROGRAM (EUMAP) NETWORK MEDIA PROGRAM (NMP) 7 TELEVIZIJA U EVROPI: REGULATIVA, POLITIKA I NEZAVISNOST Mark Tompson nezavisni konsultant Kventin Rid nezavisni konsultant Danail Danov nezavisni konsultant Program Instituta za otvoreno dru{tvo za medije Gordana Jankovi} direktorka programa Stjuart ^isholm vi{i menad`er programa Morris Lipson pravni savetnik Migel Castro koordinator programa Gernot Eberle biv{i menad`er programa za medijsko pravo 8 OPEN SOCIETY INSTITUTE 2005 UVOD Uvod EUMAP, Program Instituta za otvoreno dru{tvo (OSI) za nadgledanje i podr{ku pristu- pu Evropskoj uniji, posmatra po{tovanje ljudskih prava i vladavine prava {irom Evrope zajedno sa lokalnim nevladinim organizacijama i organizacijama civilnog dru{tva. Iz- ve{taji EUMAP-a nagla{avaju zna~aj monitoringa u organizaciji civilnog dru{tva i pod- sti~u neposredan dijalog vlasti i nevladinih organizacija o pitanjima u vezi sa po{tova- njem ljudskih prava i vladavinom prava. Pored izve{taja "Televizija u Evropi: regulati- va, politika i nezavisnost", EUMAP je objavio i slede}e izve{taje: "Za{tita manjina" (Minority Protection), "Nezavisnost i kapacitet pravosu|a" (Judicial Independence and Capacity), "Korupcija i antikorupcijska politika" (Corruption and Anti-corruption Po- licy), "Prava ljudi sa mentalnim hendikepom" (Rights of People with Intellectual Disa- bilities), "Jednake mogu}nosti za `ene i mu{karce" (Equal Opportunities for Women and Men). EUMAP trenutno priprema izve{taje o ravnopravnom pristupu kvalitetnom obrazovanju za Rome (Equal Access to Quality Education for Roma), ~ije se objavlji- vanje o~ekuje 2006. godine. Izve{taje EUMAP-a pripremaju nezavisni stru~njaci u zemljama obuhva}enim monito- ringom. Cilj izve{taja jeste isticanje zna~aja po{tovanja ljudskih prava i vladavine prava kao klju~nih uloga civilnog dru{tva u podsticanju uva`avanja standarda ljudskih prava i vladavine prava od strane vlasti {irom Evrope. Svi izve{taji EUMAP-a sadr`e detaljne preporuke koje bi trebalo ostvariti na nacionalnom i me|unarodnom nivou. Preporu- ke upu}ene vladama, me|unarodnim organizacijama i drugim zainteresovanim akteri- ma trebalo bi direktno da uti~u na politiku u posmatranim oblastima. Izve{taji su pripremljeni u saradnji sa Programom Instituta za otvoreno dru{tvo za medije (Network Media Program - NMP). NMP podsti~e nezavisne, profesionalne i odr`ive medije, kao i kvalitetno novinarstvo. Konkretnije, NMP podr`ava inicijative koje poma`u da se medijsko zakonodavstvo prilagodi me|unarodnoj praksi odnosno priznatim demokratskim standardima. Te inicijative obuhvataju razvoj profesionali- zma novinara i rukovodilaca u medijima, ja~anje udru`enja medijskih profesionalaca i uspostavljanje mehanizama samoregulacije u medijskom sektoru. NMP podr`ava me- dijske ku}e koje se zala`u za vrednosti otvorenog dru{tva, podsti~e monitoring i borbu protiv kr{enja slobode {tampe i podr`ava medijsku politiku koja obezbe|uje plurali- zam medijskog vlasni{tva i raznolikost mi{ljenja u medijima. Program se ostvaruje {irom sveta, prvenstveno u zemljama u kojima je proces demokratizacije i izgradnje medijskog tr`i{ta u toku. Odluka da se istra`i stanje televizije {irom Evrope podstaknuta
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