STAGE 1 AND 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE MADAWASKA SHORES SUBDIVISION PART LOT 9, CONCESSION 7 GEOGRAPHIC TOWNSHIP OF MCNAB NOW TOWNSHIP OF MCNAB/BRAESIDE RENFREW COUNTY, ONTARIO STAGE 1 AND 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE MADAWASKA SHORES SUBDIVISION, PART LOT 9, CONCESSION 7, GEOGRAPHIC TOWNSHIP OF MCNAB, NOW TOWNSHIP OF MCNAB/BRAESIDE, RENFREW COUNTY, ONTARIO Prepared for: Tracy Zander, M.Pl., MCIP, RPP Planning Consultant ZanderPlan Inc. P.O. Box 20148 Perth, ON K7H 3M6 Phone: 613-264-9600 E-mail: [email protected] Re: Planning Act, Plan of Subdivision Application Prepared by: Caitlyn Howard, B.A. Staff Archaeologist Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. 4534 Bolingbroke Road, R.R. #3 Maberly, ON K0H 2B0 Phone: 613-267-7028 E-mail: [email protected] PRAS Project No.: PR16-30 Licensee: Peter Sattelberger, M.A., Licence P111 Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. P.I.F. No.: P111-0032-2016 Date: September 23th, 2016 Original Report Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment Madawaska Shores Subdivision Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Ms. Tracy Zander, Planning Consultant at ZanderPlan Inc., provided project mapping and overall project direction. Mr. Bob Wachna of Madawaska Shores Development assisted with access to the property. Thanks to archaeological colleagues Nick Adams of Adams Heritage, Jacquie Fisher of Fisher Archaeological Consulting, Bill Fox of Trent University, Nick Gromoff of Ground Truth Archaeology Limited and Ken Swayze of Kinickinick Heritage Consulting for sharing their insights regarding the biface found during this assessment. PROJECT PERSONNEL Project Manager Brenda Kennett, M.A. (P030) Licence Holder Peter Sattelberger, M.A. (P111) Field Director Caitlyn Howard, B.A. (R1074) Field Crew Grace Harris Shyong En Pan, B.Sc. Adam Pollock, M.A. (P331) Andy Snetsinger, M.A. (R1089) Edward Thierry Ted Stewart Liam Bowman, B.A. Selena Barre Brenda Kennett Artifact Processing Grace Harris Artifact Inventory Caitlyn Howard Draughting Caitlyn Howard Report Writing Caitlyn Howard Report Review Brenda Kennett ii Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment Madawaska Shores Subdivision Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. was retained by ZanderPlan Inc. to undertake a Stage 1 and 2 archaeological assessment of Part Lot 9, Concession 7, in the geographic Township of McNab, Renfrew County (see Maps 1 to 3). The subject property consists of approximately 36.87 hectares (91.11 acres) of land along the north shore of the Madawaska River, southwest of Mill Ridge Road. The purpose of the Stage 1 investigation was to assist with the future development of a subdivision through assessing the archaeological potential of the study area and presenting recommendations for the mitigation of any significant known or potential archaeological resources. To this end, historical, environmental and archaeological research was conducted in order to make a determination of archaeological potential. The results of this study deemed the subject property to possess potential for the recovery of both pre-Contact and post-Contact archaeological resources. A Stage 2 assessment of the entire property was recommended. The purpose of the Stage 2 assessment was to determine whether archaeological resources, artifacts or sites with cultural heritage value or interest were present on the property and to determine whether these resources required further assessment. A Stage 2 property assessment of the study area consisting of both the pedestrian survey of ploughed fields as well as shovel test pit survey at 5 m intervals of unploughable areas was undertaken between August 17th and 31st, 2016. Two archaeological sites were identified during the course of this assessment. Findspot 1 was registered with Borden Number BiGc-9 and consisted of a single biface attributed to the Late Archaic period. The second site consisted of a scatter of late nineteenth century domestic refuse associated with the remains of a stone foundation and was registered with Borden Number BiGc-10. This report forms the basis for the following recommendations: 1) It has been determined that the cultural heritage value or interest of Find Spot 1 (BiGc-9) has been sufficiently documented through the Stage 2 research conducted to date. Accordingly, no further assessment of this site is warranted. iii Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment Madawaska Shores Subdivision Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. 2) Site BiGc-10 has been determined to be of potential cultural heritage value or interest, meeting MTCS standards for sites requiring a Stage 3 site specific archaeological assessment. The Stage 3 archaeological assessment of site BiGc-10 should be conducted by a licensed archaeologist, in compliance with Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (MTCS 2011). 3) Given that the project proponent has indicated a desire to enact temporary avoidance and protection measures in order to delay the excavation of archaeological site BiGc-10 while development proceeds on the rest of the property, a strategy to ensure the archaeological site will not be impacted in the short term as well as a plan to carry out a Stage 3 archaeological assessment in the future has been prepared. In support of this strategy, the following documentation has been included in the supplementary documentation of the report package: • the draft plan of subdivision showing the extent of site BiGc-10, including the known limits of the site, a 20 metre protective buffer, and a 50 metre monitoring buffer. • written confirmation from the project proponent of: (a) a desire to enact the short term avoidance and protection measures required to protect the site during construction; (b) a timeline for completing the Stage 3 archaeological fieldwork; (c) knowledge of the location of the site and of the outstanding concerns (i.e. that additional archaeological assessment is required before the area of the site can be disturbed or altered); (d) a commitment to erecting a temporary physical barrier (i.e. snow fencing) prior to and through the completion of any construction associated with the proposed subdivision; (e) a commitment to ensure that the area of the site and its protective buffers is avoided during construction by instructing all construction crews/contractors that no ground alterations (e.g. servicing, landscaping, etc.) will be permitted within the fenced area; (f) a commitment to have a licenced consultant archaeologist monitor any construction within the 50 metre monitoring buffer zone; and, (g) confirmation that the licenced consultant archaeologist will be empowered to stop construction if there are any concerns to impacts to the archaeological site. iv Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment Madawaska Shores Subdivision Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. 4) Following the long and short term avoidance and protection measures listed above, all of the proposed Madawaska Shores Subdivision apart from Lots 1 and 30, as shown on Map 3, should be considered clear of any further archaeological concerns. A letter confirming this is requested from MTCS. 5) The future Stage 3 archaeological assessment of site BiGc-10 should begin with the controlled and systematic excavation of one metre square test pits across the area of the site on a ten metre grid, with an additional 40% of the grid total placed to as to investigate areas of interest within the site. The reader is also referred to Section 5.0 below to ensure compliance with the Ontario Heritage Act as it may relate to this project. v Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment Madawaska Shores Subdivision Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. vi Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment Madawaska Shores Subdivision Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Acknowledgments ii Project Personnel ii Executive Summary iii List of Maps viii List of Images ix List of Tables ix 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Project Context 2 2.1 Development Context 2 2.2 Access Permission 2 3.0 Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment 3 3.1 Historical Context 3 3.1.1 Previous Historical Research 3 3.1.2 Regional Pre-Contact Cultural Overview 3 3.1.3 Regional Post-Contact Cultural Overview 6 3.1.4 Property History 10 3.2 Archaeological Context 12 3.2.1 Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites 12 3.2.2 Previous Archaeological Research 12 3.2.3 Identified Local Cultural Heritage Resources 12 3.2.4 Heritage Plaques and Monuments 13 3.2.5 Cemeteries 13 3.2.6 Local Environment 14 3.3 Analysis and Conclusions 15 3.3.1 Determination of Archaeological Potential 15 3.3.2 Stage 1 Recommendations 16 4.0 Stage 2 Archaeological Assessment 18 4.1 Fieldwork Methodology 18 4.2 Laboratory Methods 19 4.3 Fieldwork Results 20 4.4 Analysis and Conclusions 23 4.5 Recommendations 24 5.0 Advice on Compliance with Legislation 26 6.0 Limitations and Closure 27 vii Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment Madawaska Shores Subdivision Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) 7.0 References 28 8.0 Maps 34 9.0 Images 47 Appendix 1: Photographic Catalogue 58 Appendix 2: Artifact Inventory 63 Appendix 3: Glossary of Archaeological Terms 70 LIST OF MAPS Map No. Page No. 1 Location of the study area 34 2 Orthophotographic image of the study area 35 3 Development map 36 4 Segment of the 1863 Walling map of McNab Township showing the study area 37 5 Segment of the 1939 topographic map of Renfrew County showing the study area 38 6 Segment of the 1984 surficial geology map of Arnprior showing the study area 39 7 Segment of the Renfrew County soil map showing the study area 41 8 Archaeological potential and field testing methodologies of the study area 42 9 Locations and directions of photographs taken during the Stage 2 fieldwork 43 10 Results of the Stage 2 fieldwork 44 11 Map of Findspot 1 (BiGc-9) 45 12 Map of Findspot 2 (BiGc-10) 46 viii Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment Madawaska Shores Subdivision Past Recovery Archaeological Services Inc.