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Universidade Estadual De Campinas Instituto De Artes UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE ARTES Lívia Maria Pinto da Rocha do Amaral Cruz (NEM) TUDO PUTA E VIADO: UMA ANÁLISE DOS ESTEREÓTIPOS PRESENTES NO CINEMA ERÓTICO BRASILEIRO (1969-1982) (NOT ONLY) WHORES AND FAGGOTS : AN ANALYSIS OF THE STEREOTYPES PRESENT IN THE BRAZILIAN EROTIC CINEMA (1969- 1982) CAMPINAS 2016 LÍVIA MARIA PINTO DA ROCHA AMARAL CRUZ (NEM) TUDO PUTA E VIADO: UMA ANÁLISE DOS ESTEREÓTIPOS PRESENTES NO CINEMA ERÓTICO BRASILEIRO (1969- 1982) (NOT ONLY) WHORES AND FAGGOTS : AN ANALYSIS OF THE STEREOTYPES PRESENT IN THE BRAZILIAN EROTIC CINEMA (1969- 1982) Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Artes, da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (PPGM- Unicamp), como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestra em Multimeios. Dissertation presented to the Arts Institute of the University of Campinas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Multimeios. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Pedro Maciel Guimarães Este exemplar corresponde à versão final da dissertação defendida pela aluna Lívia Maria Pinto da Rocha do Amaral Cruz e orientada pelo Prof. Dr. Pedro Maciel Guimarães. CAMPINAS 2016 LÍVIA MARIA PINTO DA ROCHA AMARAL CRUZ (NEM) TUDO PUTA E VIADO: UMA ANÁLISE DOS ESTEREÓTIPOS PRESENTES NO CINEMA ERÓTICO BRASILEIRO (1969- 1982) BANCA EXAMINADORA Orientador: Prof. Dr. Pedro Maciel Guimarães Profª. Drª. Karla Adriana Martins Bessa Prof. Dr. Francisco Elinaldo Teixeira Suplentes: Profª. Drª. Maria Filomena Gregori Prof. Dr. Alfredo Luiz Paes de Oliveira Suppia CAMPINAS 2016 AGRADECIMENTOS: Se passaram quase dois anos e meio e finalmente estou mais e mais próxima de completar esta jornada. Quando entrei na graduação não passava pela minha cabeça fazer um mestrado, achava que não conseguiria escrever uma dissertação, um texto tão extenso, de que não tinha capacidade para isso. Acho que o que me faltava era maturidade, maturidade esta que, obviamente veio com o tempo e, cá estou eu, escrevendo os agradecimentos da minha dissertação, do meu texto “extenso”. Para não transformar até os agradecimentos em “textão”, vou direto ao assunto! Queria começar agradecendo (como todo bom e velho clichê) à minha família. Aos meus pais, por terem me tido antes de se tornarem “caretas”; aos meus irmãos, que me fazem praticar a tolerância e paciência todos os dias; aos meus avós, em especial minha avó Wanda e avô Jair, que de alguma forma muito louca acreditam no meu potencial quando nem eu acredito. Aos meus bisavós que eu tive a sorte de conhecer, principalmente às minhas bisas Isaura e Luisa, por fazerem uma falta danada e terem me dado o prazer de ter convivido com vocês por um bom tempo. A todos os bichinhos de estimação que eu tive e ao cachorro mais genioso e neurótico do mundo, meu David Bowie pessoal e peludo. Queria agradecer também à minha família escolhida, em especial à Lícia Matos, Flávia Kingsbury, Ananda Porto, Ananda Miranda, Joyce Aquino, Letícia Borges, Joana Moitas, Rita Milano e ao meu gêmeo de alma Marcus Vinícius Branco, por segurarem a minha onda e barra quando eu preciso. À Giulianna Regis, Carolina Ambiel e Michele Oliveira, por terem entrado na minha vida durante esse período, que foi pessoalmente difícil para mim, trazendo flores e abraços quentinhos. À Cecília Soares, que me ajudou com o projeto e, sem a ajuda dela talvez não estivesse escrevendo este agradecimento agora, e ao João Gabriel, que foi o fomentador de toda a ideia inicial do objeto desta pesquisa em um bate papo corriqueiro. Mais uma vez em especial, quero agradecer à Gustavo Rademacher, pela paciência, pela paciência e pela paciência (rs) e também pelo conhecimento cinematográfico que trouxe esta dissertação a outro patamar. Aos meus professores da graduação Felipe Charbel e Alexandre de Moraes, que além de terem me dado excelentes aulas, se tornaram amigos e estão sempre presentes quando preciso de uma ajuda acadêmica. Aos professores que me deram aula no mestrado, em especial à Marcius Freire e Francisco Elinaldo, que com suas disciplinas de História e Cinema, me trouxeram mais e mais conhecimento e amor pela minha área de formação e especialização. Na verdade, quero agradecer a todos os professores que já me deram aula, onde aprendendo ou não aprendendo, gostando ou não gostando, me trouxeram até aqui. Quero também agradecer à professora Karla Bessa, que além de ter aceito o convite de participar da minha qualificação sem me conhecer e estar participando também da banca da defesa, foi a responsável por ter colocado o embrião da ideia estrutural desta dissertação na minha cabeça, no próprio exame de qualificação. Em relação a esta banca, quero agradecer mais uma vez ao professor Francisco Elinaldo e aos professores Alfredo Suppia e Maria Filomena Gregori, por terem aceitado participarem, mesmo como suplentes. À Unicamp, por ter me acolhido como estudante e ser uma universidade que eu nem tenho palavras para descrever e a seus funcionários, em especial à Giovanna Romaro, Neusa Trindade e Letícia Machado, da secretaria da pós, e ao funcionário Rodolfo Teixeira, pela atenção e paciência. À Capes, pela bolsa concedida, sem a qual todo este trabalho teria sido bem mais difícil de ser feito. Também quero agradecer aos amigos e colegas de profissão que conheci na pós, em especial à Natália Prado, pela companhia nas aulas e pelos bate papos nos 3.30 da vida. À Mariane e Sérgio Baroni, pelo carinho e acolhimento. Por último e nenhum pouco menos importante quero agradecer postumamente ao professor Nuno César, por ter me aceitado como orientanda e, infelizmente, não estará presente para ler este trabalho final, fruto da pesquisa, a qual orientou; e ao professor Pedro Maciel Guimarães, por ter caído de paraquedas e sem bússola na pesquisa e ter me orientado como se estivesse participando desde a primeira linha escrita deste texto. “I Said, Hey babe Take a walk on the wild side“ (Lou Reed) Resumo: O trabalho a seguir pretendeu fazer uma análise dos personagens dentro do cinema erótico da Boca do Lixo paulistana, apelidada de pornochanchada, através da análise de seus discursos e representações, levando-se em consideração o momento político em que estava inserido. Esta análise parte do fato de que a pornochanchada, ao ter uma linguagem simplista, transforma os arquétipos, comuns à linguagem cinematográfica, em estereótipos. Encontra-se também um moralismo latente nesses filmes, fruto de uma liberação conservadora, e, quando refletimos sobre os estereótipos encontrados nessa cinematografia, encontramos uma espécie de roupa nova em gente velha no enredo desses filmes. O recorte temporal começa em 1969, ano seguinte a promulgação do Ato Inconstitucional de número cinco (AI-5)- ato esse que foi o símbolo e o motor de um endurecimento da censura- até 1982, ano em que foi lançado o primeiro filme de sexo explícito brasileiro, o Coisas eróticas (1982), o qual se tornou um marco do final dessa cinematografia. Palavras- chave: Cinema Brasileiro; Ditadura Militar; Pornochanchada; Censura; Cinema Erótico. Abstract: The following dissertation intended to make an analysis of the characters within the erotic cinema of the Boca do Lixo paulistana, dubbed pornochanchada, through the analysis of it’s discourses and representations, taking into account the political moment it was inserted. This analysis is based on the fact that pornochanchada, uses a simplistic language, that transforms the archetypes common to film, into stereotypes. It’s also found a latent moralism in these films, the result of a conservative release, and, when we reflect on the stereotypes found in this cinema, it’s like déjà vu all over again, not much has changed. The timeframe covers from the time after the enactment of the AI-5, in 1968, until 1982, when it was launched the first Brazilian sexually explicit film, Coisas Eróticas (1982), which became a landmark of the end of the cinematography. Keywords: Brazillian Cinema; Military Dictatorship; Pornochanchada; Censorship; Erotic Cinema. SUMÁRIO: Introdução ...................................................................................................................... 12 Capítulo 1: Os anos inocentes: As comédias de costumes ............................................ 20 1.0. 3x Chanchadas ............................................................................................. 28 2.0. Um (ainda inocente) erotismo moralista ...................................................... 34 2.1. A representação de personagens masculinos ................................... 35 A) Os malandros .............................................................................. 35 B) Os cornos .................................................................................... 36 C) Os machões (ou o mito do “macho” e da virilidade masculina) . 38 2.2. A representação de personagens femininas ..................................... 39 A) As virgens ................................................................................... 40 B) As suecas, ou seja, as “liberadas” ............................................... 42 C) As infiéis ..................................................................................... 43 D) Entre o tanque e o cinto .............................................................. 44 2.3. Mais uma vez subalternos: A representação de personagens negros ........................................................................................................... 46 2.4. A representação de personagens homossexuais ............................... 48 2.5. Precisamos “falar” sobre a ditadura ................................................
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