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International Magazine on Sea and Shells Vita Mari|\Ia INTERNATIONAL MAGAZINE ON SEA AND SHELLS VITA MARI|\IA An introduction to the living Brachiopoda Pattern convergence in Nudibranchia and Polycladida Rectification of nomenclature and notes on species of Spondylus Strombidae in Art (2) Re-evaluation of Nassarius delicatus Callochiton schilfi, a new species Description of Pyrene morrisoni sp. nov. VOLUME 47 NO 4 MAY 2001 VITA MARINA A magazine on marine Zoology, with emphasis Een blad op het gebied van mariene zoölogie, on molluscs met nadruk op weekdieren. EDITORIAL STAFF Jan Paul Buijs REDACTIE Henk Dekker Willem Faber David Feld Dr.Theo Kemperman Gijs Kronenberg Freek Titselaar Dr. Tom Walker COVER PLATE Leo Man in ‘t Veld PLAAT OMSLAG ADVISORY BOARD Dr. A.C. van Bruggen REDACTIE ADVIESRAAD Dr. H.E. Coomans Prof. Dr. E. Gittenberger Prof. Dr. L.B. Holthuis PUBLISHER VITA MARINA AND STICHTING UITGEVER VITA MARINA EN SPIRULA BIOLOGIA MARITIMA SPIRULA BOARD BESTUUR PRESIDENT Jan Paul Buijs VOORZITTER SECRETARY Henk Dekker SECRETARIS TREASURER Gab Mulder PENNINGMEESTER Jeroen Goud ADDRESS P.O. Box 64628 ADRES NL-2506 CA DEN HAAG The Netherlands TELEPHONE +31(0)70-3551245 TELEFOON +31(0)70-3600434 FAX +31(0)70-3551245 FAX E-MAIL [email protected] E-MAIL WWW http://home.wxs.nl/~spirula WWW GIRO BANK ACCOUNT 606100 POSTGIROREKENING PRINTER RIBBERINK VAN DER GANG DRUKKER ZOETERMEER The Netherlands ISSN - 0165 - 8980 Vita Marina 47(4): 105 May 2 0 0 1 Geachtc abonnee, Zoals u al bekend is wordt met dit nummer van de Vita Dear subscriber, Marina de uitgifte van dit tijdschrift door de Stichting Biologia Maritima afgesloten. Het zal u niet verbazen As you know already, this issue of the Vita Marina is dat de redactie met spijt afscheid neemt van een blad the last one that the Biologia Maritima Foundation has dat zich in de loop der jaren van een eenvoudige sten- published. It will not surprise you that the editorial staff ciluitgave via een losbladige uitgave heeft ontwikkeld regrets having to say good-bye to a magazine that tot een internationaal malacologisch tijdschrift. De vele developed over of a large number of years from a sim­ reacties die wij naar aanleiding van het bericht om deze ple stencil issue through a loose-leaf edition into an uitgave te beëindigen, hebben ontvangen, getuigen van international malacological magazine. The many reac­ een grote waardering die wereldwijd voor zowel de tions we received after announcing the discontinuation kwaliteit van de inhoud als de uitvoering van de Vita of the Vita Marina from all over the world give evi­ Marina heeft bestaan. Hoewel deze waardering zich dence of a great appreciation o f its quality of the con­ niet heeft vertaald in een voldoende aantal abonnees om tents and the look. Although this appreciation did not de voortzetting van de uitgave mogelijk te maken, zijn attract a sufficient numbers of subscribers to secure the het bestuur en de redactie bijzonder erkentelijk voor de continuation of the publication, the board of the founda­ hun tocgezwaaide lof. tion and the editorial staff are very grateful for this praise. Van deze gelegenheid maakt de redactie gaarne gebruik allen te bedanken die door hun steun, inzet en mede­ We would like to take this opportunity to thank every­ werking gedurende de afgelopen jaren ertoe hebben bij­ body whose support, effort and cooperation enabled us gedragen dat zij ondanks vele problemen met enthousi­ to perform this job in spite of many problems. In the asme haar taak is blijven vervullen. In de eerste plaats first place of course our loyal subscribers for whom we uiteraard onze trouwe abonnees, voor wie het allemaal did all this and also the authors from home and abroad is gedaan. Maar evenzeer dc auteurs uit binnen- en bui­ who preferred to publish their papers in the Vita tenland die voor de publicatie van hun artikelen de Vita Marina. We also thank the members of the advisory Marina als medium hebben uitgekozen. Voorts bedan­ board and the many reviewers for supporting us with ken wij dc leden van de redactie-adviesraad en de vele their advice and reviews which contributed to the quali­ reviewers die ons met raad en daad hebben bijgestaan ty of the magazine. We are grateful to Leo Man in ‘t en daarmee hebben bijgedragen aan de kwaliteit van de Veld who determined the special look of the Vita inhoud van de Vita Marina. Ook onze hartelijke dank Marina by designing the contents into his paintings. aan Leo Man in ‘t Veld die door telkens op zijn eigen Thanks also to our printer for his service during many wijze de inhoud in een voorplaat samen te vatten mede years and his advice to make the best possible product het eigen gezicht van het blad heeft bepaald. Die dank within the financial room available. geldt ook onze drukker die ons zo vele jaren van dienst is geweest cn met ons heeft meegedacht om binnen de We gratefully thank everybody, also those who are not financiële ruimte een zo goed mogelijk product uit te mentioned in particular. We say now good-bye to you. brengen. In Spirula you can read about what is going to happen in the future. The only thing that we still are owing to Allen, ook hen die niet met zoveel woorden zijn ge­ you is an index on the last volume (47). You will noemd, zijn wij bijzonder erkentelijk. Wij nemen af­ receive this in due course. scheid. Over hoe het nu verder moet gaan, wordt u via de Spirula op de hoogte gesteld. Het enige wat u als Best regards, Vita-lezer nog te goed hebt, is een index op het laatste volume. Dit zal u tezijnertijd worden toegezonden. The board of the Biologia Maritima Foundation, the editorial staff of the Vita Marina Met vriendelijke groet, Het bestuur van de Stichting Biologia Maritima, de redactie van de Vita Marina. VITA MARINA, VOL. 47(4): 105 rMÀANDBLAD G EWIJD AAN ZEE-AOUARISTIEK EN ZEEjSIOLOGIE } VITA MARINA - 1951 - 1963 VITA MARINA, VOL. 47(4): 106 Vita Marina 47(4): 107-120 May 2001 An Introduction to the living Brachiopoda. Een inleiding tot de levende Brachiopoda. Ron VOSKUIL Houthaak 2-A, NL-2611 LE Delft, the Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] Key words: Lophophorata, Brachiopoda, introduction. Introduction..................................................................................107 Inleiding........................................................................................ 107 What are brachiopods?...............................................................108 Wat zijn brachiopoden?.............................................................108 Fossil history................................................................................108 De groep in vroeger tijden........................................................ 108 Shell morphology........................................................................I 11 Schelpkenmerken .................................................................... 111 Systematics...................................................................................113 Systematiek.................................................................................. 113 About the Recent brachiopods................................................. 1 14 Over de Recente brachiopoden................................................ 114 Acknowledgements.................................................................... 120 Dankwoord................................................................................... 120 References.................................................................................... 120 Literatuur..................................................................................... 120 INTRODUCTION INLEIDING I remember finding my first living brachiopod, several years Ik herinner me dat ik een aantal jaren geleden mijn eerste lev­ ago. When I was searching for molluscs with a hand dredge, ende brachiopode vond. Ik was in Cedar Key, West-Florida, in Cedar Key, western Florida, where some unknown animals met een handdreg op zoek naar weekdieren toen er een aantal popped up from the mud. The bivalved creatures with a long mij onbekende dieren uit de modder te voorschijn kwamen. stalk immediately draw my attention and interest. Although I De tweekleppige beestjes met een lange steel trokken meteen recognised them as being brachiopods, 1 remember the many mijn aandacht. Ik herkende ze wel als brachiopoden, maar ik difficulties 1 initially had with the identification. None of the herinner mc nog de moeite die ik had om ze op naam te bren­ books covering the Gulf of Mexico fauna that 1 had at hand gen. Geen van de veldgidsen die ik toen bezat over de dieren figured the animal. Now, several years later, I know that the van de Golf van Mexico bood een plaatje van het beestje. Nu, species is named Glottidia pyramidata (Stimpson, 1860). enkele jaren later, weet ik dat het diertje Glottidia pyramidata (Stimpson, 1860) moet heten. This Glottidia, as well as some congeneric species and those Deze Glottidia behoort, samen met enkele andere soorten in belonging to the closely related genus Lingula, belong to the dit geslacht en enkele behorend tot het nauw verwante ge­ best-known shallow water brachiopods and are well docu­ slacht Lingula, tot de meest bekende brachiopoden uit ondiep mented in specialised literature. This anecdote is mentioned water en is goed gedocumenteerd in de vakliteratuur. De as an example to show how little information is available in anekdote hierboven illustreert hoe weinig informatie over generical literature about this interesting group of animals. I deze interessante groep dieren er in de algemene literatuur te sincerely hope that
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