Appendix a Chronology for the Ottoman Empire Some Key Dates in Ottoman History, 1260–1923
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Bibliography
Bibliography Archival Sources Ars¸ivi, Bas¸bakanlık Osmanlı (BOA) FO 195/237; 1841 FO 248/114 India Offi ce G/29/27. In Arabic Afghani, Ahmad al-. Sarab fi Iran: Kalima Sari‘a hawla al-Khumayni wa-Din al-Shi‘a, n.p., 1982. ‘Alawi, Hasan al-. Al-Shi‘a wal-Dawla al-Qawmiyya fi al-‘Iraq 1914–1990, n.p., 1990. Alusi, Shukri al-. al-Misk al-Adhfar, Baghdad: al-Maktaba al-‘Arabiyya, 1930. Alusi, Shihab al-Din Mahmud al-. Al-Tibyan fi Sharh al-Burhan, 1249/1833. Amin, Muhsin al-. A‘yan al-Shi‘a, Sidon, vol. 40, 1957. Bahr al-‘Ulum, Muhammad Sadiq. “Muqaddima,” in Muhammad Mahdi b. Murtada Tabataba’i, Rijal al-Sayyid Bahr al-‘Ulum al-Ma‘ruf bil-Fawa’id al-Rijaliyya, Najaf: n.p, 1967. Din, Muhammad Hirz al-. Ma ‘arif al-Rijal fi Tarajim al-‘Ulama’ wal-Udaba’, Najaf, vol. 1, 1964–1965. Dujayli, Ja‘far (ed.). Mawsu‘at al-Najaf al-Ashraf, Beirut: Dar al-Adwa’, 1993. Fahs, Hani. Al-Shi‘a wal-Dawla fi Lubnan: Malamih fi al-Ru’ya wal-Dhakira, Beirut: Dar al-Andalus, 1996. Hamdani al-. Takmilat Ta’rikh al-Tabari, Beirut: al-Matba‘at al-Kathulikiyya, 1961. Hawwa, Sa‘id. Al-Islam, Beirut: Dar al-Kutub, 1969. ———. Al-Khumayniyya: Shudhudh fi al-‘Aqa’id Shudhudh fi al-Mawaqif, Beirut: Dar ‘Umar, 1987. ———. Hadhihi Tajribati wa-Hadhihi Shahadati, Beirut: Dar ‘Umar, 1988. Husri, Sati‘ al-. Mudhakkirati fi al-‘Iraq, 1921–1941, Beirut: Manshurat dar al- Tali‘a, 1967. Ibn Abi Ya‘la. Tabaqat al-Hanabila, Cairo: Matba‘at al-Sunna al-Muhammadiyya, 1952. -
Tentative Lists Submitted by States Parties As of 15 April 2021, in Conformity with the Operational Guidelines
World Heritage 44 COM WHC/21/44.COM/8A Paris, 4 June 2021 Original: English UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION CONCERNING THE PROTECTION OF THE WORLD CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE WORLD HERITAGE COMMITTEE Extended forty-fourth session Fuzhou (China) / Online meeting 16 – 31 July 2021 Item 8 of the Provisional Agenda: Establishment of the World Heritage List and of the List of World Heritage in Danger 8A. Tentative Lists submitted by States Parties as of 15 April 2021, in conformity with the Operational Guidelines SUMMARY This document presents the Tentative Lists of all States Parties submitted in conformity with the Operational Guidelines as of 15 April 2021. • Annex 1 presents a full list of States Parties indicating the date of the most recent Tentative List submission. • Annex 2 presents new Tentative Lists (or additions to Tentative Lists) submitted by States Parties since 16 April 2019. • Annex 3 presents a list of all sites included in the Tentative Lists of the States Parties to the Convention, in alphabetical order. Draft Decision: 44 COM 8A, see point II I. EXAMINATION OF TENTATIVE LISTS 1. The World Heritage Convention provides that each State Party to the Convention shall submit to the World Heritage Committee an inventory of the cultural and natural sites situated within its territory, which it considers suitable for inscription on the World Heritage List, and which it intends to nominate during the following five to ten years. Over the years, the Committee has repeatedly confirmed the importance of these Lists, also known as Tentative Lists, for planning purposes, comparative analyses of nominations and for facilitating the undertaking of global and thematic studies. -
Cappadocia and Cappadocians in the Hellenistic, Roman and Early
Dokuz Eylül University – DEU The Research Center for the Archaeology of Western Anatolia – EKVAM Colloquia Anatolica et Aegaea Congressus internationales Smyrnenses X Cappadocia and Cappadocians in the Hellenistic, Roman and Early Byzantine periods An international video conference on the southeastern part of central Anatolia in classical antiquity May 14-15, 2020 / Izmir, Turkey Edited by Ergün Laflı Izmir 2020 Last update: 04/05/2020. 1 Cappadocia and Cappadocians in the Hellenistic, Roman and Early Byzantine periods. Papers presented at the international video conference on the southeastern part of central Anatolia in classical antiquity, May 14-15, 2020 / Izmir, Turkey, Colloquia Anatolica et Aegaea – Acta congressus communis omnium gentium Smyrnae. Copyright © 2020 Ergün Laflı (editor) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission from the editor. ISBN: 978-605-031-211-9. Page setting: Ergün Laflı (Izmir). Text corrections and revisions: Hugo Thoen (Deinze / Ghent). Papers, presented at the international video conference, entitled “Cappadocia and Cappadocians in the Hellenistic, Roman and Early Byzantine periods. An international video conference on the southeastern part of central Anatolia in classical antiquity” in May 14–15, 2020 in Izmir, Turkey. 36 papers with 61 pages and numerous colourful figures. All papers and key words are in English. 21 x 29,7 cm; paperback; 40 gr. quality paper. Frontispiece. A Roman stele with two portraits in the Museum of Kırşehir; accession nos. A.5.1.95a-b (photograph by E. -
A Chapter in the History of Coffee: a Critical Edition and Translation of Murtad}A> Az-Zabīdī's Epistle on Coffee
A Chapter in the History of Coffee: A Critical Edition and Translation of Murtad}a> az-Zabīdī’s Epistle on Coffee Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Heather Marie Sweetser, B.A. Graduate Program in Near Eastern Languages and Cultures The Ohio State University 2012 Thesis Committee: Dr. Georges Tamer, Advisor Dr. Joseph Zeidan Copyright by Heather Marie Sweetser 2012 Abstract What follows is an edition and translation of an Arabic manuscript written by Murtad}a> az-Zabīdī in 1171/1758 in defense of coffee as per Islamic legality. He cites the main objections to coffee drinking and refutes them systematically using examples from Islamic jurisprudence to back up his points. The author also includes lines of poetry in his epistle in order to defend coffee’s legality. This particular manuscript is important due to its illustrious author as well as to its content, as few documents describing the legal issues surrounding coffee at such a late date have been properly explored by coffee historians. The dictionary Ta>j al-ʿAru>s, authored by Murtad}a> az-Zabīdī himself, as well as Edward Lane’s dictionary, were used to translate the manuscript, which was first edited. Unfortunately, I was only able to acquire one complete and one incomplete manuscript; other known manuscripts were unavailable. Arabic mistakes in the original have been corrected and the translation is annotated to provide appropriate background to the epistle’s commentary. A brief introduction to the history of coffee, a sample of the debate surrounding the legality of coffee in Islam, and a biography of the author is provided. -
Christian-Muslim Relations a Bibliographical History History of Christian-Muslim Relations
Christian-Muslim Relations A Bibliographical History History of Christian-Muslim Relations Editorial Board David Thomas, University of Birmingham Sandra Toenies Keating, Providence College Tarif Khalidi, American University of Beirut Suleiman Mourad, Smith College Gabriel Said Reynolds, University of Notre Dame Mark Swanson, Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago Volume 24 Christians and Muslims have been involved in exchanges over matters of faith and morality since the founding of Islam. Attitudes between the faiths today are deeply coloured by the legacy of past encounters, and often preserve centuries-old negative views. The History of Christian-Muslim Relations, Texts and Studies presents the surviving record of past encounters in authoritative, fully introduced text editions and annotated translations, and also monograph and collected studies. It illustrates the development in mutual perceptions as these are contained in surviving Christian and Muslim writings, and makes available the arguments and rhetorical strategies that, for good or for ill, have left their mark on attitudes today. The series casts light on a history marked by intellectual creativity and occasional breakthroughs in communication, although, on the whole beset by misunderstanding and misrepresentation. By making this history better known, the series seeks to contribute to improved recognition between Christians and Muslims in the future. The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/hcmr Christian-Muslim Relations A Bibliographical History Volume 7. Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa and South America (1500-1600) Edited by David Thomas and John Chesworth with John Azumah, Stanisław Grodź, Andrew Newman, Douglas Pratt LEIDEN • BOstON 2015 Cover illustration: This shows the tuğra (monogram) of the Ottoman Sultan Murad III, affixed to a letter sent in 1591 to Sigismund III Vasa, king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. -
I TREATING OUTLAWS and REGISTERING MISCREANTS IN
TREATING OUTLAWS AND REGISTERING MISCREANTS IN EARLY MODERN OTTOMAN SOCIETY: A STUDY ON THE LEGAL DIAGNOSIS OF DEVIANCE IN ŞEYHÜLİSLAM FATWAS by EMİNE EKİN TUŞALP Submitted to the Graduate School of Arts and Social Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Sabancı University Spring 2005 i TREATING OUTLAWS AND REGISTERING MISCREANTS IN EARLY MODERN OTTOMAN SOCIETY: A STUDY ON THE LEGAL DIAGNOSIS OF DEVIANCE IN ŞEYHÜLİSLAM FATWAS APPROVED BY: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tülay Artan (Thesis Supervisor) ………………………… Ass. Prof. Dr. Akşin Somel ………………………… Ass. Prof. Dr. Dicle Koğacıoğlu ………………………… Prof. Dr. Ahmet Alkan (Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences) ………………………… Prof. Dr. Nakiye Boyacıgiller (Director of the Institute of Social Sciences) ………………………… DATE OF APPROVAL: 17/06/2005 ii © EMİNE EKİN TUŞALP ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii ABSTRACT TREATING OUTLAWS AND REGISTERING MISCREANTS IN EARLY MODERN OTTOMAN SOCIETY: A STUDY ON THE LEGAL DIAGNOSIS OF DEVIANCE IN ŞEYHÜLİSLAM FATWAS Emine Ekin Tuşalp M.A., History Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tülay Artan June 2005, ix + 115 pages This work investigates the forms of deviance rampant in early modern Ottoman society and their legal treatment, according to the fatwas issued by the Ottoman şeyhülislams in the 17th and 18th centuries. One of the aims of this thesis is to present different behavioural forms found in the şeyhülislam fatwas that ranged from simple social malevolencies to acts which were regarded as heresy. In the end of our analysis, the significance of the fatwa literature for Ottoman social history will once more be emphasized. On the other hand, it will be argued that as a legal forum, the fetvahane was not merely a consultative and ancillary office, but a centre that fabricated the legal and moral devices/discourses employed to direct and stem the social tendencies in the Ottoman society. -
Dendrochronologically Dated Ottoman Monuments
Dendrochronologically Dated Ottoman Monuments Peter Ian Kuniholm 4 Dendrochronologically Dated Ottoman Monuments Peter Ian Kuniholm INTRODUCTION Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating has been carried out by the author in former Ottoman lands since 1973. The method is, at its sim- plest, to compare the alternately small and large annual growth-rings from trees from a given climate region-in this case as far west as Bosnia and as far east as Erzurum-and to match them so that a unique year-by-year growth profile may be developed. By means of this a precise date determination, accurate even to the year in which the wood was cut, is possible. See Kuniholm (1995) for a fuller discussion of the method; and then see Kuniholm and Striker (1983; 1987) and Kuniholm (1996) for earlier date-lists of Ottoman, post-Byzantine, and Byzantine buildings, including brief notices of dates for a dozen more dated Ottoman buildings, principally in Greece, and additional notices of sampled but not yet dated buildings which are not repeated here. What follows is a compilation, in reverse chronological order, of over fifty dated buildings or sites (more if one counts their constituent parts) from the nineteenth century back to the twelfth (Figure 4.1). Some are major monuments (imperial mosques, sarays, sifayes) clearly deserving of more comprehensive treatment than can be pro- vided here; others (tiirbes, mescits, obscure medreses, and private houses) are little-known, perhaps even unheard of except to special- ists; but all help to form part of the tree-ring sequence which begins with the rings of trees still standing in Turkish forests and extends in an unbroken chain to A.D.360 for oak, A.D.743 for pine, and A.D.1037 for juniper. -
Adana Ulu Camii
Adana Ulu Camii A.Osman UYSAL SBi ünümüzde artık iyice gelişerek o|gunlaş- deleşme eğilimi ve mermer kaplamaların kullanıl- maya başlayan Anadolu Türk Mimarisi ması(2) . v.b. gibi yeniliklerin; "daha çok, Ana anştvmahrında; Türklerin doğudan getirdikleri dolu'nun batı bölgelerinde hüküm sürmüş olan mimarf' bbiklmler, Anadolu'ya geklikten sonra Saruhan (1300-1410), Aydm (1300-1403), Men Bizans, Ermeni, güneydeki islâm sanat çevrele teşe (1300-1425), Germiyan (1300-1428) ve Os- rinden aMikları biçim ve süsleme öğelerinin neler manoğullaıı'nın kurmuş oldukları cami ve med oidukhn aşağı-yukan tamamen bilinmekte ve reselerde gerçekleşmiş görürüz."(3) çevre kültürlerden gelen bu unsuriarın, Anadolu'ya ulaşırken geçtiği yollar; tarihi bilinen somut ör Adana ve çevresinde 1353'den 1608'e kadar hüküm süren ve çoğunlukla Memluklere tâbi ola neklerle ortaya konulmaya çalışılmaktadır. Bu rak yaşayan Ramazanoğulları ile, Maraş-Elbistan arada, eMeki verilerin yeterszliği nedeniyle tam civarında, 1339'da Memlûklerin onayıyla beylik açricianamayan; fakat, ister mimari' biçimlenişte, kuran Dulgadıroğullan'nm (1339-1521 )(•») mi- ister ddcorasyonda olsun hissedilen etkileşimle mârîlerinde ise; Selçuklu Sanatı'ndan ziyâde, Su rin; somut ömdcIer verilmeden ve sağlam mesnet- riye ve Mısır etkilerinin ağır bastığı bilinen bir lere dayandrıbnadan etki kaynağı olan bölgenin gerçektir. Yalnız, hiç bir zaman gözden ırak tu sadece ismi verilerek geçiştirikiiğine de şahit olu tulmaması gereken önemli bir nokta var ki; o da, yoruz. Türk Sanatı Tarihi araştırmalarmda zaman bu etkilerin biçimsel olmaktan çok, dekoratif ka zaman karşıtaştiğımız bu tür yuvarlak ifadeler, rakterli oluşlarıdır. SzelEkle; henüz herşeyiyle incelenmemiş olan "Beyfikler Devri Sanatı" söz konusu edildiğinde Fakat "Suriye ve Mısır patentli" unsurların karşınıza çıkmaktadr. Anadolu'ya ilk girişler, 14 yy. -
Us Military Assistance to Saudi Arabia, 1942-1964
DANCE OF SWORDS: U.S. MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO SAUDI ARABIA, 1942-1964 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Bruce R. Nardulli, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2002 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Allan R. Millett, Adviser Professor Peter L. Hahn _______________________ Adviser Professor David Stebenne History Graduate Program UMI Number: 3081949 ________________________________________________________ UMI Microform 3081949 Copyright 2003 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ____________________________________________________________ ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road PO Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ABSTRACT The United States and Saudi Arabia have a long and complex history of security relations. These relations evolved under conditions in which both countries understood and valued the need for cooperation, but also were aware of its limits and the dangers of too close a partnership. U.S. security dealings with Saudi Arabia are an extreme, perhaps unique, case of how security ties unfolded under conditions in which sensitivities to those ties were always a central —oftentimes dominating—consideration. This was especially true in the most delicate area of military assistance. Distinct patterns of behavior by the two countries emerged as a result, patterns that continue to this day. This dissertation examines the first twenty years of the U.S.-Saudi military assistance relationship. It seeks to identify the principal factors responsible for how and why the military assistance process evolved as it did, focusing on the objectives and constraints of both U.S. -
A Study of Muslim Economic Thinking in the 11Th A.H
Munich Personal RePEc Archive A study of Muslim economic thinking in the 11th A.H. / 17th C.E. century Islahi, Abdul Azim Islamic Economics Institute, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA 2009 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/75431/ MPRA Paper No. 75431, posted 06 Dec 2016 02:55 UTC Abdul Azim Islahi Islamic Economics Research Center King Abdulaziz University Scientific Publising Centre King Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah, 21589 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia FOREWORD There are numerous works on the history of Islamic economic thought. But almost all researches come to an end in 9th AH/15th CE century. We hardly find a reference to the economic ideas of Muslim scholars who lived in the 16th or 17th century, in works dealing with the history of Islamic economic thought. The period after the 9th/15th century remained largely unexplored. Dr. Islahi has ventured to investigate the periods after the 9th/15th century. He has already completed a study on Muslim economic thinking and institutions in the 10th/16th century (2009). In the mean time, he carried out the study on Muslim economic thinking during the 11th/17th century, which is now in your hand. As the author would like to note, it is only a sketch of the economic ideas in the period under study and a research initiative. It covers the sources available in Arabic, with a focus on the heartland of Islam. There is a need to explore Muslim economic ideas in works written in Persian, Turkish and other languages, as the importance of these languages increased in later periods. -
38. ICANAS (Uluslararası Asya Ve Kuzey Afrika Çalışmaları Kongresi) (International38
ATATÜRK KÜLTÜR, DİL VE TARİH YÜKSEK KURUMU ATATÜRK SUPREMEATATÜRK KÜLTÜR,COUNCIL DİL FOR VE CULTURE, TARİH YÜKSEK LANGUAGE KURUMU AND HISTORY ВЫСШЕЕATATÜRK ОБЩЕСТВО SUPREME ПО ТУРЕЦКОЙ COUNCIL КУЛЬТУРЕ,FOR CULTURE, ЯЗЫКУ LANGUAGE И ИСТОРИИ AND имени HISTORY АТАТЮРКА ВЫСШЕЕ ОБЩЕСТВО ПО ТУРЕЦКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ, ЯЗЫКУ И ИСТОРИИ имени АТАТЮРКА 38. ICANAS (Uluslararası Asya ve Kuzey Afrika Çalışmaları Kongresi) (International38. Congress ICANAS of Asian and North African Studies) (Международный(Uluslararası конгрессAsya ve Kuzey по изучению Afrika ÇalışmalarıАзии и Северной Kongresi) Африки) (International10-15.09.2007 Congress of ANKARA Asian and / NorthTÜRKİYE African Studies) (Международный конгресс по изучению Азии и Северной Африки) BİLDİRİLER/10-15.09.2007 PAPERS ANKARA/TÜRKİYE / СБОРНИК СТАТЕЙ DİLBİLDİRİLER/ BİLİMİ, DİL PAPERS/СБОРНИК BİLGİSİ VE DİL EĞİTİMİ СТАТЕЙ LINGUISTICS, GRAMMAR AND LANGUAGE TEACHING ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ, ГРАММАТИКА И ОБУЧЕНИЕ ЯЗЫКУ TARİH VE MEDENİYETLER TARİHİ HISTORY AND HISTORY OF CIVILIZATIONS ОБЩАЯ ИСТОРИЯI. CİLT И / VOLUME ИСТОРИЯ I / TOM ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИЙ I III. CİLT/VOLUME III/TOM III ANKARA-2011 ANKARA-2012 II ATATÜRK KÜLTÜR, DİL VE TARİH YÜKSEK KURUMU YAYINLARI: 14/3 5846 Sayılı Kanuna göre bu eserin bütün yayın, tercüme ve iktibas hakları Atatürk Kültür, Dil ve Tarih Yüksek Kurumuna aittir. Bildiri ve panel metinleri içinde geçen görüş, bilgi ve görsel malzemelerden bildiri sahipleri ve panel konuşmacıları sorumludur. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Publisher, except in the case of brief quotations, in critical articles or reviews. Papers reflect the viewpoints of individual writers and panelists. -
1 the Turks and Europe by Gaston Gaillard London: Thomas Murby & Co
THE TURKS AND EUROPE BY GASTON GAILLARD LONDON: THOMAS MURBY & CO. 1 FLEET LANE, E.C. 1921 1 vi CONTENTS PAGES VI. THE TREATY WITH TURKEY: Mustafa Kemal’s Protest—Protests of Ahmed Riza and Galib Kemaly— Protest of the Indian Caliphate Delegation—Survey of the Treaty—The Turkish Press and the Treaty—Jafar Tayar at Adrianople—Operations of the Government Forces against the Nationalists—French Armistice in Cilicia—Mustafa Kemal’s Operations—Greek Operations in Asia Minor— The Ottoman Delegation’s Observations at the Peace Conference—The Allies’ Answer—Greek Operations in Thrace—The Ottoman Government decides to sign the Treaty—Italo-Greek Incident, and Protests of Armenia, Yugo-Slavia, and King Hussein—Signature of the Treaty – 169—271 VII. THE DISMEMBERMENT OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: 1. The Turco-Armenian Question - 274—304 2. The Pan-Turanian and Pan-Arabian Movements: Origin of Pan-Turanism—The Turks and the Arabs—The Hejaz—The Emir Feisal—The Question of Syria—French Operations in Syria— Restoration of Greater Lebanon—The Arabian World and the Caliphate—The Part played by Islam - 304—356 VIII. THE MOSLEMS OF THE FORMER RUSSIAN EMPIRE AND TURKEY: The Republic of Northern Caucasus—Georgia and Azerbaïjan—The Bolshevists in the Republics of Caucasus and of the Transcaspian Isthmus—Armenians and Moslems - 357—369 IX. TURKEY AND THE SLAVS: Slavs versus Turks—Constantinople and Russia - 370—408 2 THE TURKS AND EUROPE I THE TURKS The peoples who speak the various Turkish dialects and who bear the generic name of Turcomans, or Turco-Tatars, are distributed over huge territories occupying nearly half of Asia and an important part of Eastern Europe.