Retrospective
THE ROAD TO EQUALITY AND THE PASSAGE OF THE FIRST CIVIL RIGHTS LAW IN OHIO “But every just man, jealous of his own rights, should have a heart open to feel, an ear open to hear, and an eye quick to see the invasions of the rights of others, especially of this race, long bound in the chains of slavery, and deprived of legal personality. It is for you, therefore, to consider whether there is any danger in this direction to any citizen or sojourner in Ohio, and if there be, to provide by apt legislation in advance, for prompt and severe punishment, not discriminating, however, between white and black, but furnishing the same relief against the same wrong to both.” Governor George Hoadly Inaugural Address to the Ohio General Assembly, 1884 In the summer of 1843, almost two Although the Ohio Constitution of decades prior to the start of the 1803 outlawed slavery in the state great Civil War fought by a Nation (a requirement of the Northwest Or‐ divided by the issue of slavery, Afri‐ dinance of 1787), African Americans can Americans from across Ohio still faced invidious discrimination convened for three days in the state in all facets of life, and in fact some capital. The purpose of the Conven‐ African Americans were still held as tion of Colored Persons of Ohio was slaves in southern Ohio. to address the plight of African While a growing number of African Americans and other persons of Americans moved to cities such as color throughout the state, to draw Cincinnati and Cleveland looking for attention to those laws and practices employment as factory workers or perpetuating discrimination, and to other skilled professions, they usu‐ call upon all Ohioans to end the in‐ ally ended up being employed in justices suffered by so many on ac‐ lower paying occupations.
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