Televisionization: Enactments of TV Experiences in Novels from 1970 to 2010 Claudia Weber
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Claudia Weber Claudia Televisionization Enactments of TV Experiences in Novels from 1970 to 2010 Claudia Weber Televisionization Claudia Weber pursued her doctoral studies both at Stock- holm University, Sweden and Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany. She is now employed at Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany where she works in higher education didactics. ISBN 978-91-7447-979-9 Department of English Doctoral Thesis in English at Stockholm University, Sweden 2014 Televisionization: Enactments of TV Experiences in Novels from 1970 to 2010 Claudia Weber Televisionization Enactments of TV Experiences in Novels from 1970 to 2010 Claudia Weber © Claudia Weber, Stockholm University 2014 ISBN 978-91-7447-979-9 Printed in Sweden by Stockholm University Press, Stockholm 2014 Distributor: Department of English Abstract TV’s conquest of the American household in the period from the 1940s to the 1960s went hand in hand with critical discussions that revolved around the disastrous impact of television consumption on the viewer. To this day, watching television is connected with anxieties about the trivialization and banalization of society. At the same time, however, people appreciate it both as a source of information and entertainment. Television is therefore ‘both…and:’ entertainment and anxiety; distraction and allurement; compan- ionship and intrusion. When the role and position of television in culture is ambiguous, personal relations with, attitudes towards, and experiences of television are equally ambivalent, sometimes even contradictory, but the public and academic discourses on television tend to be partial. They focus on the negative impact of television consumption on the viewer, thereby neglecting whatever positive experiences one might associate with it. By analyzing a selection of novels, this study explores how narrative texts which are published between 1970 and 2010 enact ambiguous TV experi- ences, and how they, by doing so, enrich the public and academic discourses on television. It argues that the chosen works do both: they encourage and discourage the readers to experience what is here suggested to be called “tel- evisionization of everyday life” without prejudice. Keywords televisionization, television culture, TV experiences, Tichi, teleconscious- ness, Deuze, media life, reality TV, validation, Baudrillard, hyperreality, telemorphosis Meinen Eltern Acknowledgements During the last years of writing my doctoral dissertation, I have been looking forward to writing this very last bit: the acknowledgements. I would not have been able to finish my work if it were not for some wonderful, inspiring, and supportive people that I have been lucky enough to encounter in this period of my life, a period which was of course challenging but also unique and enriching. As a member of the European PhD-Network ‘Literary and Cultural Stud- ies,’ which is funded by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), I have had the privilege to pursue my PhD studies at two European universi- ties, Justus Liebig University in Giessen/Germany and Stockholm University /Sweden. I am grateful for all the support I have received from the represent- atives of both universities, first and foremost my wonderful supervisors, Greta Olson and Claudia Egerer. With their professional expertise, their ex- tensive knowledge, and their empathy they supported me in times of doubt and, sometimes, crisis. They discussed my ideas with me on an eye-to-eye- level, believed in me as a young scholar, and encouraged me whenever I found it hard to do so myself. I had the opportunity to work with and learn from two inspiring and extraordinary women. Claudia, Greta, I am grateful for your unconditional support and for your faith in me and my project; I could not have wished for better supervisors than you. As a member of the International Graduate Center for the Study of Cul- ture (GCSC) at Justus Liebig University Giessen, the International PhD Pro- gramme ‘Literary and Cultural Studies’ (IPP) and the European PhD- Network ‘Literary and Cultural Studies’ (PhD-Net), I have been lucky enough as to write my doctoral dissertation in an excellent, international, thought-provoking, professional, and altogether friendly academic environ- ment. I am indebted to quite an impressive number of people, all of whom contributed to my project in different but equally valuable ways. I will start the journey of gratitude where everything started for me, at the GCSC in Giessen, and then move to Stockholm University where I had the honor to be employed as a doctoral student in the second part of my time as a young researcher. I would like to thank Ansgar Nünning, Director of Graduate Studies at the GCSC and initiator of the PhD-Net, who encouraged me to do a PhD and supported me greatly in many respects throughout the years. I would also like to thank the GCSC, the IPP, and the PhD-Net for the support I received as a member, be it financially, academically, or personally. I profited greatly from the meetings with the doctoral students in the IPP IX Postgraduate Col- loquia and the stimulating feedback I received from Ansgar Nünning, Wolf- gang Hallet, Robert Vogt, and Christine Schwanecke. The possibility to dis- cuss my ideas in Greta Olson’s colloquium, which I appreciated for its open, warm, and thought-provoking atmosphere, proved equally invaluable. Even more so, I am grateful for the time and thoughts the following PhD-Net members invested in reading and discussing my work: Ansgar Nünning, Elisabeth Wåghäll Nivre, Angela Locatelli, Pirjo Lyytikäinen, Isabel Cape- loa Gil, Claudia Egerer, Heta Pyrhönen, Ingo Berensmeyer, and Nora Berning. This is, of course, also true for my fellow PhD-Net students – Angi, Tilly, Nina, Fabí, Polina, Bea, Elise, Matti, Gül, Jonas, and Lisa – whose support was not limited to academic discussions. As for the PhD-Net, I would like to dedicate my last words of gratitude to Kai Sicks, coordinator of the program at the time, who supported us, the doctoral members, in aca- demic and organizational regards. Kai, I am convinced that I would not have been able to finish this project without you, my colleague, mentor, and friend. This journey of gratitude is now taking me up to the North. I had the priv- ilege of spending the most wonderful time at the English Department of Stockholm University where I was cordially received and felt at home im- mediately. The eye-opening and enriching discussions with my colleagues in the Higher Literary Seminars have been an invaluable support and encour- aged me to trust my judgment as a young scholar. I am particularly grateful to Paul Schreiber for his extraordinary dedication and support. My time in Stockholm would not have been such a great experience without my ‘room- ie’ and very good friend Hannah who took care of me in the final stages. Last, but certainly not least, I would like to thank yet another amazing wom- an who helped me solve my practical problems and made living in Stock- holm so easy for me. Ingrid, I will always remember your hospitality, your extraordinary support, and of course laughing with you. Cecilia Tichi also deserves my sincere gratitude. The brilliant thoughts she articulates in Electronic Hearth inspired me immensely. She even did me the honor of acting as my opponent in my mock disputation at Stockholm University. There are no words that can give justice to her commitment and her invaluable feedback. Looking back at my time as a doctoral student makes me realize that old friendships have lasted and new have begun. I would like to thank Angi, Fabí, Polina, and Judith, for whose qualified feedback and emotional support I could not be more grateful, and Lisa, Franzi, and Yasmin for spending their precious time on assisting me. I am also indebted to Jenny and Ezra who proofread my thesis so carefully. Von ganzem Herzen möchte ich meinen Eltern danken, ohne deren be- dingungslose Unterstützung über all die Jahre ich diese Arbeit nicht hätte verfassen können. Ihr habt nie an mir gezweifelt und mir die nötige Sicher- heit gegeben das zu erreichen, was ich zu erreichen versuchte. Deshalb wid- me ich diese Arbeit euch. Finally, I would like to thank the person who accompanied me on this journey from the beginning to the end, even though that meant spending lots of time apart. He ensured clarity when I felt lost; motivated me when I had doubts; and felt happy for me when things progressed. Nils, your faith in me was the greatest encouragement I could have received. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ..................................................................... 1 Chapter 2: Televisionization of Everyday Life ...................................... 29 Chapter 3: Dreading the Human Adaptation to Television: Jerzy Kosinski’s Being There (1970).......................................................................... 81 Chapter 4: Living TV Life in Times of Indetermination: Don DeLillo’s White Noise (1985) ................................................................................. 103 Chapter 5: The End of Reality and the Disappearance of Fear: Ben Elton’s Dead Famous (2001) and Chart Throb (2006) ................................... 131 Chapter 6: Anxieties Reloaded and Fears Overcome: Emma Donoghue’s Room (2010) ................................................................................ 161 Chapter 7: Final Conclusion ............................................................ 183 Works Cited .................................................................................