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Nineteenth Century Literary Manuscripts, Part 4

NINETEENTH CENTURY LITERARY MANUSCRIPTS Part 4: The Correspondence and Papers of (1794-1854), Editor of the , from the National Library of

Contents listing

PUBLISHER'S NOTE

CONTENTS OF REELS

DETAILED LISTING

EXTRACTS:

On the Cockney School of Poetry

When Youthful Faith has Fled Nineteenth Century Literay Manuscripts, Part 4

Publisher's Note

John Gibson Lockhart (1794-1854) desrves our attention for many reasons:

 He was one of the most important critics of the 19th century  He was Editor of The Quarterly Review  He became Scott’s Boswell, writing an acknowledged masterpiece of biography  He played an important part in the rise of the novel as a literary form  His letters provide a detailed account of literary society in and

His papers are now opened to a wider audience through the publication of this microform edition. They include: 14 volumes of correspondence received by Lockhart as Editor of The Quarterly Review, 1825-1854 (NLS MSS.923-936); 3 volumes of letters from Lockhart to , his successor as Editor (NLS MSS.145, 341 & 2262); 3 volumes of correspondence between Lockhart and Scott, 1818-1832 (NLS.MSS.142-143, & 859); 7 volumes of family letters, 1820-1854 (NLS.MSS.1552-1558); 1 volume of letters from Lockhart to Allan Cunningham about the Lives of British Painters (NLS.MS.820); and 10 volumes of literary manuscripts by Lockhart (NLS.MSS.1623-1626, 3995 & 4817-4822).

The Editorial correspondence is especially rich and includes letters from Byron, Coleridge, Croker, Disraeli, Edgeworth (one entire volume and numerous other letters besides), Murray, Norton, Southey (“a willing and ready assistant in your new undertaking”), and Wordsworth.

Other figures represented are , , John Barrow, , Henry Brougham, , Aubrey De Vere, , Elizabeth Gaskell, William Gladstone, George Gleig, John Frederick Herschel, , Mary Howitt, Bulwer Lytton, Thomas Babington Macaulay, , Lady Sydney Morgan, Louisa Stuart, William Watson, and Arthur Wellesley.

John Gibson Lockhart was born on 14 June 1794 in the Manse of Cambusnethen in Lanarkshire. He was the son of the Rev Dr John Lockhart who held the family living of Cambusnethan and was appointed to the College Kirk of Blackfriars in in 1796. John Gibson Lockhart’s mother, Elizabeth (née Gibson), was also from a clerical family, as her father was the minister of St Cuthbert’s in Edinburgh. The Rev Dr John Lockhart had previously been married to Elizabeth Dinwiddie of Germiston. She provided him with his first son, William, and, through inheritance, with a country house and estate outside Glasgow. John Gibson Lockhart spent his childhood years in Glasgow, Cambusnethan, and Germiston with his brothers and with Violet, his only sister. He spent much time reading Pope, which fuelled his love of satire, and was well educated in Latin and Greek.

John Gibson Lockhart went to Glasgow University in 1805, aged 11, which was not uncommon at the time. He was marked out from an early date as a fine scholar, winning the medal for Greek and numerous prizes. He won a Snell Exhibition to Balliol College, Oxford and went up in 1808, aged 14, to read Greats.

He maintained a keen interest in contemporary literature and read widely in French, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. He formed a lifelong friendship with Jonathan Christie and gained a reputation as a caricaturist and a caustic wit. After gaining a First he returned to Glasgow in 1813, aged 19, to consider his future. He chose a legal career, but did not give up his intellectual pursuits. He read (1814) with great interest, wrote a little, and learned German. From the first he was a champion of Byron and Wordsworth. Of the latter, for instance, he said : “He strikes me as having more about him of that sober, mild, sunset kind of gentleness, which is so dear to me from the recollections of Euripides and the tender parts of the Odyssey, than any English poet ever possessed save Shakespeare, possessor of all.”

In 1815 he moved to Edinburgh to be part of the busy literary scene. If David Hume (1711-1776), (1723-1790) and James Thomson (1700-1748) had made Edinburgh’s reputation as an intellectual centre, then the continuing success of the work of (1759-1796), and the flourishing careers of (1777-1844), James Hogg (1770- 1835) and (1771-1832) consolidated the city’s fine traditions. The New Town was now well established, graced with fine buildings such as the Register House, designed by Edinburgh architect Robert Adam (1728-1792). William Blackwood (1776-1834) had opened his business on the South Bridge in 1804 and book-shops and clubs provided places for discussing the latest news and literary trends.

The dominant literary journal in Edinburgh at this time was The (1802-1929), founded by Francis Jeffrey (1773-1850), (1771-1845) and Henry Brougham (1778-1868). Whiggish in politics and outlook, this stood in clear opposition to the London based Quarterly Review (1809-1967), a Tory journal founded by John Murray (1778-1843) with the encouragement of Walter Scott.

William Blackwood gained the rights to distribute Murray’s books in Scotland, as well as acting as the Scottish agent for the Quarterly Review. It was not long before he thought of establishing his own journal, as a genuinely Scottish Tory rival to The Edinburgh Magazine, and with this in mind he founded The Edinburgh Monthly Magazine in April 1817. Initial sales of the journal were poor.

Lockhart qualified as an advocate in 1816, but maintained a strong interest in European literature. He became friendly with Blackwood and was commissioned to undertake a translation of Schlegel’s History of Literature as well as a series of articles on the literature and philosophy of Germany. As a result he toured Germany in 1817, meeting up with Goethe. His thoughts and impressions were gathered in Foreign Scenes and Manners which appeared in the “Maga” or Blackwoods Edinburgh Magazine (as The Edinburgh Monthly Magazine was renamed). The re-titling of the magazine in October 1817 was accompanied by a new Editorial Team comprising James Hogg, the eminent poet, John Wilson (1785-1854), a friend of Wordsworth and Coleridge, and the 23 year old Lockhart. Like Lockhart, Wilson was a graduate of Glasgow and Oxford and was known as a ferocious critic.

The new triumvirate raised the profile of the Maga, making it a cause célèbre from the outset, publishing the so-called “Chaldee Manuscript” which gave a mock biblical account of the editorial revolution. Readers were attracted by Wilson and Lockhart’s artfully written biting reviews. Noctes Ambrosianae, a series of dialogues begun by Lockhart in 1822, with Hogg as “the Shepherd” and Wilson as “Christopher North” also became extremely popular for their depiction of life in Scotland. Nineteenth Century Literay Manuscripts, Part 4

Lockhart revelled as “the Scorpion which delighteth to sting the faces of men” and joined Wilson in attacking , Keats and the “Cockney School of Poetry.” This should come as no surprise as Francis Jeffrey, their rival at The Edinburgh Review, was one of Keats’ most ardent supporters. Leigh Hunt was also despised for his radical political agenda. Lockhart has gained much notoriety for his attack on Keats, especially his assault on “the calm, settled, imperturbable drivelling idiocy of Endymion” which deeply wounded the poet, who was experiencing the onset of tuberculosis. Immediately after the attack Keats was driven to write some of his greatest work, including The Eve of St Agnes, La Belle Dame sans Merci and . He also declared to Reynolds “If I die you must ruin Lockhart.” The text of the review is included at the end of this guide and corrected proofs appear in NLS MS.4822 on Reel 18. Lockhart’s attacks are very much in the style of Pope, flinging acid and invective from a great height, mixing savagery with wit,. Yet it should also be noted that Lockhart did not always appreciate the wit of such reviews himself. When Wilson lambasted Coleridge’s Biographia Literaria, Lockhart was incensed, declaring “If there be any man of grand and original genius alive at this moment in Europe, such a man is Mr Coleridge.”

Lockhart’s sketches of life in Edinburgh and Glasgow show his more whimsical side and were published in book form in 1819 as Peter’s Letters to his Kinfolk.

In 1818 Lockhart met Walter Scott for the first time at the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland and the two got on well. So much so that Scott invited Lockhart to visit him at Abbotsford, where Lockhart first met Charlotte Sophia Scott (1799-1837). Sophia was Scott’s favourite daughter and quickly formed an attachment with Lockhart. They were married in April 1820. Their first child, John Hugh Lockhart, or “Johnny” was born on 14 February 1821, but was sickly owing to a spinal condition.

At this point, Lockhart’s reviews finally caught up with him. (Editor , and no relation to Sophia’s family) defamed Lockhart in print accusing him of forging testimonials and for being responsible for the attacks on Coleridge. Lockhart denied both and sought an explanation for the attacks, using his old college friend, Jonathan Christie, as his intermediary in London. John Scott failed to provide an explanation, causing Lockhart to come to London intent on calling Scott out for a duel to settle the matter. That a literary dispute should lead to such an eventuality was not unknown, indeed Thomas Moore once challenged Francis Jeffrey to a duel over a review, but John Scott did not appear to want to take the challenge, so Lockhart returned home. In his absence, John Scott continued the quarrel with Christie, leading to a duel between Lockhart’s adversary and his close friend. In the encounter, John Scott was shot through the body and later died of his wounds.

Even though he was not present, the duel was a turning point in Lockhart’s life. He terminated his involvement with the Maga at the promptings of Scott, his family, and Christie and spent more time with Sophia at Abbotsford, at their home at Chiefswood (which Walter Scott had given them and was nearby), and at his family home in Germiston. He also served as an advocate on the Highland circuit and wrote a series of novels including Valerius (1821), Some Passages in the Life of Adam Blair (1822), Reginald Dalton (1823) and Matthew Wald (1824). These were modestly successful, but he drew wider praise and appreciation for his translations of Ancient Spanish (also in 1823).

In 1824 Sophia gave birth to a daughter, who sadly died after two days.

Lockhart travelled extensively during the year, visiting Christie in Bristol and sampling life in Bath and London. He returned to London in 1825 and at the entreaty of Benjamin and Isaac Disraeli (friends of John Murray, the publisher) he was appointed the Editor of The Quarterly Review. It is noteworthy that Lockhart had to promise to shed his image as ‘the Scorpion.’ Scott had been involved in the creation of The Quarterly Review and contributed many important reviews (for instance, praising in 1815) and doubtless exerted his own influence to secure the appointment.

Lockhart moved to London, living first at Pall Mall, then in Wimbledon and later at 24 Sussex Place in Regent’s Park. Sophia spent a lot of time in Brighton (or ‘Dr Brighton’ as it was known) for the sake of Johnny’s health.

Anne Scott took Sophia’s place as Walter Scott’s help and support, which was necessary because Constable, Scott’s publishers, went under early in 1826, following the crash of Ballantyne and Hurst and Robinson. This left Scott with debts of over £120,000, prompting him to let Chiefswood, sell other properties and start writing furiously to clear the debt. Those wishing to explore this episode are prompted to explore the papers of and , published as parts 6 and 7 of this series. Charlotte, Scott’s wife of 29 years, died in May 1826.

Better news in 1826 was the birth of Walter Scott Lockhart, a healthy baby, in April.

The first issue of The Quarterly Review under Lockhart’s editorship appeared in March 1826 and contained Scott’s review of Pepys’ diary. In the June issue Lockhart reviewed Shelley’s poetry, praising his writings, which perhaps shows that he had revised his former opinions and learned some lessons. In the September issue Lockhart reviewed Scott’s Lives of the Novelists, incorporating a lengthy discourse on the importance of novels, which, he argued, had replaced plays and poems as the modern form of expression.

January 1828 saw the birth of another healthy child, Charlotte Lockhart, and later in the year Lockhart’s Life of Burns appeared. The next few years were not so happy. Sir Walter Scott suffered strokes in 1830 and 1831 and Johnny died at the end of 1831 while Sir Walter Scott was in with Anne seeking rest and recuperation. Unfortunately Sir Walter Scott suffered a further stroke on his way home and he died at Abbotsford in July 1832. Anne died shortly after in June 1833. Lockhart immersed himself in his work at The Quarterly Review and in writing his masterpiece, Memoirs of the Life of Sir Walter Scott which appeared in 1837-1838. This received widespread acclaim and allowed the public to discover more about ‘the Great Unknown’, as Sir Walter was known to his family. Lockhart continued his championing of new novelists and helped to clear the remaining debts left by Sir Walter Scott.

Sophia became ill in early 1837 and died in May of that year, prompting Lockhart to write “When youthful faith has fled” which is also reproduced at the end of this guide. This moving elegy is a poem of real quality and was a favourite of Thomas and Jane Carlyle.

Lockhart continued his work at The Quarterly Review, praising as “the Byron of our modern poetesses” and he gave the Oxford Movement received a broad welcome. Charles and Walter Scott, Sir Walter’s surviving sons, died in October 1841 and April 1847 respectively, with the result that Abbotsford passed to Walter Scott Lockhart, now renamed as Nineteenth Century Literay Manuscripts, Part 4

Walter Lockhart Scott.

Lockhart had taken his son on a tour of the Continent in 1843, and was present in Paris in 1848 to see the revolution at first hand. Charlotte also travelled abroad with her friend, Miss Watkins, and in August 1847 she married James Robert Hope. Mary, their daughter, was born in October 1852.

Lockhart’s son, Walter, died in January 1853 and Abbotsford passed to James and Charlotte Hope, now known as the Hope- Scotts.

John Murray was shocked when Lockhart handed in his resignation in 1853 after 28 years as Editor of The Quarterly Review. At Lockhart’s suggestion, the Rev Whitwell Elwin succeeded him in the post. Lockhart ended the year by touring Italy for a final time, meeting Adelaide Sartoris, and the Brownings in . He returned to Abbotsford and died there on 25 November 1854. He was buried at the feet of Sir Walter Scott at Dryburgh Abbey.

These papers do much to illuminate Lockhart’s life and passions. His relations with Sophia and Sir Walter Scott are uppermost in the family correspondence, whilst his letters as Editor of The Quarterly Review, 1825-1853, reveal the duties and difficulties of a major review editor and describe 19th century literary society in detail. We also feature a variety of literary manuscripts by Lockhart and some of his sketch books. The only section of Lockhart material that we have not included are the diaries (NLS MSS.1585-1613) which are extensive but offer very little evidence for the researcher. They mention occasional dinner parties and other engagements, but they provide no details of the company or the conversations that ensued.

Contents of Reels

REEL 1 MS.142 Letters to Lockhart from Scott and others, 1818-1823, 1825, nd MS.143 Letters to Lockhart from Scott and others, 1825-1828, nd

REEL 2 MS.145 Letters from Lockhart to Whitwell Elwin, 1850-1854 MS.341 Letters from Lockhart to Whitwell Elwin, 1843, 1850-1852 MS.820 Letters from Lockhart to Allan Cunningham, 1822-1841 MS.859 Letters to Lockhart from Scott, 1821-1832

REEL 3 MS.923 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 4 MS.924 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 5 MS.925 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 6 MS.926 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 7 MS.927 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 8 MS.928 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 9 MS.929 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 10 MS.930 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 11 MS.931 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 12 MS.932 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review MS.933 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 13 MS.934 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review MS.935 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review

REEL 14 MS.936 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart with , 1826-1847 MS.1552 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart and the Scott Family, 1820-1827 MS.1553 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart and the Scott Family, 1828-1831

REEL 15 MS.1554 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart and the Scott Family, 1832-1836 MS.1555 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart and the Scott Family, 1837-1840

REEL 16 MS.1556 Correspondence of James Lockhart with his daughter Charlotte, together with Scott Family correspondence, 1841- 1850 MS.1557 Correspondence of James Lockhart with his daughter Charlotte, together with Scott Family correspondence, 1851- 1854

REEL 17 MS.1558 Correspondence of James Lockhart and the Scott Family, undated MS.1623 Notebook of J G Lockhart MS.1624 Notebook of J G Lockhart MS.1625 Ladies’ Album with caricatures by J G Lockhart MS.1626 Scrapbook of J G Lockhart

REEL 18 MS.2262 Letters from Lockhart and others to Whitwell Elwin, 1849-1859 MS.3995 Poems by Lockhart MS.4817 Manuscript and corrected proofs of postcript to the 3rd edition of Peter’s Letters to his Kinsfolk by Lockhart MS.4818 Manuscript and corrected proofs of Some Passages in the Life of Mr Adam Blair by Lockhart MS.4819 Manuscript and corrected proofs of Some Passages in the Life of Mr Adam Blair by Lockhart MS.4820 Corrected proofs of The History of Matthew Wald by Lockhart MS.4821 Manuscript of part of Valerius by Lockhart Nineteenth Century Literary Manuscripts, Part 4

MS.4822 Corrected proofs of The Mad Banker of Amsterdam, a poem by Lockhart and On the Cockney School of Poetry, a review by Lockhart

Detailed Listing

REEL 1 MS.142 Letters to Lockhart from Scott and others, 1818-1823, 1825, nd Letters 1-48 regarding publishing, contemporary literature, criticism and other subjects. Includes letters by James Murray of The Times, , and Sir William Rae, and a bill of James Ballantyne and Co, 1824, accepted by Scott, 1818-1823, 1825, nd.

MS.143 Letters to Lockhart from Scott and others, 1825-1828, nd Letters 49A-97 regarding publishing, contemporary literature, criticism and other subjects. The long postscript to No 76 is by Anne Scott.

REEL 2 MS.145 Letters from Lockhart to the Rev Whitwell Elwin, 1850-1854 Letters 1-15 regarding contemporary authors, politics (f29), and the current number of The Quarterly Review (f33). 34ff.

MS.341 Letters from Lockhart to the Rev Whitwell Elwin, 1843, 1850-1852 Letters 1-20 regarding R P Gillies, Lord Glenlee, Lord Jeffrey, Wordsworth and S T Coleridge. 37ff.

MS.820 Letters from Lockhart to Allan Cunningham, 1822-1841, nd Letters regarding Cunningham’s Lives of … British Painters and other matters. 89ff.

MS.859 Letters to Lockhart from Scott, 1821-1832 Received bound in date order and rebound with some corrections of the arrangement. Includes a letter from John Murray to Scott relating to the copyright of , 1829 (f100). ii + 183ff.

REEL 3 MS.923 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 178 letters, including items by:

Henry Brougham 1-56 Maria Edgeworth 57-83 G. R. Gleig 84-101 John A. Herauld 102 S. J. Blunt 103-108 H. H. Milman 109-118 119-164 William Wright 165 T. Crofton Croker 166 Lonsdale 166* Catherine E. Arden 168* A. L. Ashburton 169* 170 Charles Butler 171 Buccleuch 171* G. F. Beltz 172 A. R. Blad? 172* G. J. Broderlip 173 John Barrow 173* Mary Sophia Bentham 174 S. Bannister 174* Clanwilliam 175 R. H. Cherry 175

REEL 4 MS.924 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 138 letters, including items by:

S. T. Coleridge 1-8 David Laing 9 W. Adam 11 Jane Skene 35 36 David Wilkie 49 Thomas Moore 50 W. Whewell 53 A. Sedgwick 54 Nineteenth Century Literary Manuscripts, Part 4

William Sotheby 55 Ellen Maginn 56* William Maginn 56 J. Gurwood 60 De Quincey 62 G. Procter 64 B. Brodie 66 A. L. Wigan 68 Edward Everett 69 Bunsen 72 G. Poulett Scrope 75* Thomas Arnold 77 80 85 James Hogg 89 Francis Palgrave 100 John Cay 100* L. Stuart 106 Francis Scott 109 James Dennistown 115 William Wright 117 C. Apperly 119 V. A. Huber 127 J. Cook 127* Peter Cunnigham 128 Albert Cay 129 M. D. M. Clephane 130 H. Douglas 130* E. Du Bois 131* R. Dundas 132* E. D. Davenport 133* A. De Vere 134* Ellesmere 135 Edward Edwards 135* F. Egerton 136 B. Frere 137 Margaret Ferguson 137* John Gibson 138 R. P. Gillies 139 Harriet Gifford 139* P. L. Giffard 141

REEL 5 MS.925 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 122 letters, including items by:

G. Guntly Gordon 1-10 A. Panizzi 11 Sir 20 T. N. Talfourd 23 W. Johnston 29 William Buckland 32 John Hodgson 35 R. Jenkyns 38 Bishop of Exeter 42 John McNeill 43 Elizabeth McNeill 49 D. T. Coulton 51 59 Nineteenth Century Literary Manuscripts, Part 4

Edward Sterling 62 Sir 68 73 A. Maconochie 85 H. Ellis 91 Robert Morehead 102 John Fullarton 102 John Hope 112 Robert Ferguson 120 R. Gooch 129 Lord Ellesmere 130 J. R. Hume 130* Mary Howitt 131* M. Higgins 132 P. Hardwick 132* J. Hildyard 132 C. Hutcheson 134

REEL 6 MS.926 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 129 letters, including items by:

J. L. Adolphus 1-6 John Richardson 7 James Traill 12 T. Mitchell 26 G. H. Rose 53 W. P. Rose 84 J. Bayley 84 Archibald Constable 94 James Ballantyne 100 A. Blackwood 107 John Blackwood 108 William Blackwood 110 William Harness 119* J. A. St. John 120 W. Knighton 120* S. L'Amy 121 N. H. Nicholas 121* Broadwood Literary 122* Committee James Lock 122* Lady Londonderry 123 J. H. Merivale 123* Labanoff 124 S. Morgan 124* H. Holland 125 Bishop of Norwich 125* J. B. Mozley 126 Geo W. Nickisson 126* E. Keats 127 C. O'Connor 127* P. Pusey 128 C. J. Plumer 128* 129

REEL 7 MS.927 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 98 letters, all from .

REEL 8 Nineteenth Century Literary Manuscripts, Part 4

MS.928 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 123 letters, all from John Wilson Croker.

REEL 9 MS.929 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 97 letters, including items by:

Richard Ford 1-9 Ada Lovelace 10 J. F. W. Herschel 11 Ruskin 12 Ellis Warburton 14 W. Bowles 16 James Smith 20 Landseer 22 E. B. Lytton 23 Sir George Murray 25 A. W. Kingslake 34 H. Knight 39 Guizot 42 Sir H. Halford 48 Sara Coleridge 50 Miss Burdett Coutts 55 Bishop of Exeter 56 (Henry Philpotts) T. B. Macaulay 66 Samuel Rogers 70 Charles Dickens 74 J. W. Donaldson 75 Bayard Taylor 77 Adam Ferguson 101 J. Ballantyne 102 John Fullarton 103 Stratford Canning 108 A. Hayward 111 H. Holland 113 C. K. Sharpe 115 Bishop of Llandaff 117 (E. Copleston) N. Baseur? 119 Elizabeth Rigby 121 (later Lady Eastlake) B. R. Haydon 123 Robert Hay 129 Patrick Robertson 130 S. Blanco White 133 James Baxter 135 S. Wright 136 W. Menzies 137 Uralski 143 Lord Montagu 150 ? 150*

REEL 10 MS.930 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 143 letters, including items by:

Lord 1-5 Daniel Terry 6 M. Benz 9 J. H. Markland 11 Nineteenth Century Literary Manuscripts, Part 4

Baron Denman 14 Baron Lyndhurst 17 Baron Campbell 21 W. E. Gladstone 25 Mahon 32 Earl of Lindsay 57 S. 59 Francis Palgrave 74 Washington Irving 80 F. Chantrey 84 Patrick Fraser Tytler 86 W. P. Alison 89 C. Innes 91 Whitwell Elwin 94 Caroline Norton 97 John Stuart 108 James Morier 115 Caroline Clive 117 George Barrow 121-122 Richard Owen 123 Henry Drummond 132 David Roberts 135* William Rae 136 Thomas Roscoe 137 Catherine Amelia Smith 138 F. Ross 138 Edward Smedley 139 C. Sinclair 139 R. Sharp 140 Rob Scott 140 Catherine Stepney 141 W. R. Spencer 141 E. Sutherland 142 H. Taylor 142 T. Thorp 143 H. Twiss 143 J. Emmerson Tennent 144 Bishop of Toronto 145 C. Webbe 145 Sir John Walsh 146 Wynford 147 D. Watson 148 Eliza Wilson 149 A. Way 149 H. Wedgwood 150 Mathias Woodmason 151 C. M. Yonge 151

REEL 11 MS.931 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 152 letters, including items by:

John Wilson 1-22 F. Wrangham 23 J. Ballie 41 Allan Cunningham 61 John Murray 73-113, 143-154 114 Nineteenth Century Literary Manuscripts, Part 4

Benjamin Disraeli 123 136

REEL 12 MS.932 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review Contains 114 letters, including items by:

Jonathan Christie 1-44 45 J. B. S. Morritt 64

MS.933 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review iv + 97ff. Contains mainly family letters.

REEL 13 MS.934 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review 303ff. Contains miscellaneous letters, including items by Sidmouth, Count Vladimir Davidoff and others.

MS.935 Letters to Lockhart, 1812-1854, mostly as Editor of the Quarterly Review 314ff. Contains miscellaneous letters, with much on education and Sir Walter Scott.

REEL 14 MS.936 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart with Maria Edgeworth, 1826-1847 Maria Edgeworth (1767-1849) was a friend of Scott and the Lockharts. 70ff.

MS.1552 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart and the Scott Family, 1820-1827 In addition to letters by James and Sophia Lockhart there are many letters of Anne (1803-1833), Charles (1805-1841), and the second Sir Walter Scott (1801-1847), down to the years of their respective deaths. There are also letters by Southey and Baillie. 247ff.

MS.1553 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart and the Scott Family, 1828-1831 In addition to letters by James and Sophia Lockhart there are many letters of Anne, Charles, and the second Sir Walter Scott, down to the years of their respective deaths. There is also an important letter by Cadell (f21) concerning Sir Walter Scott’s debts. 253ff.

REEL 15 MS.1554 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart and the Scott Family, 1832-1836 In addition to letters by James and Sophia Lockhart there are many letters of Anne, Charles, and the second Sir Walter Scott, down to the years of their respective deaths. 271ff.

MS.1555 Correspondence of James and Sophia Lockhart and the Scott Family, 1837-1840 In addition to letters by James and Sophia Lockhart there are many letters of Anne (1803-1833), Charles (1805-1841), and the second Sir Walter Scott (1801-1847), down to the years of their respective deaths. 295ff.

REEL 16 MS.1556 Correspondence of James Lockhart with his daughter Charlotte, together with Scott Family correspondence, 1841-1850 In addition to letters by James and Sophia Lockhart there are many letters of Anne, Charles, and the second Sir Walter Scott, down to the years of their respective deaths. 343ff.

MS.1557 Correspondence of James Lockhart with his daughter Charlotte, together with Scott Family correspondence, 1851-1854 In addition to letters by James and Sophia Lockhart there are many letters of Anne, Charles, and the second Sir Walter Scott, down to the years of their respective deaths. 194ff.

REEL 17 MS.1558 Correspondence of James Lockhart and the Scott Family, undated In addition to letters by James and Sophia Lockhart there are many letters of Anne, Charles, and the second Sir Walter Scott, down to the years of their respective deaths. I i + 207ff.

MS.1623 Notebook of J G Lockhart

MS.1624 Notebook of J G Lockhart Note-books of J G Lockhart, nd, containing sketches of German students and other subjects, notes of autobiographical allusions in the , notes of law cases etc. 52 + 54ff.

MS.1625 Ladies’ Album with caricatures by J G Lockhart An undated copy of the Ladies’ Album (Edinburgh), in which are pasted caricatures of persons, some of which are probably by Lockhart. The title-page bears an engraving of Abbotsford. 12 portraits.

MS.1626 Scrapbook of J G Lockhart Scrap-book, containing caricatures, some dated 1813, and other drawings, chiefly by J G Lockhart, engravings, etchings, lithographs, etc. They include the drawing of Fenella dancing before Charles II (by C K Sharpe?) (no 78), that of Lockhart and others riding to Selkirk (no 80), and the portrait of Charles Scott, 1820 (no 82), all reproduced in ’s Life and Letters of… Lockhart, and a portrait of Tom Purdie, 1822 (no 79). The album also contains Select Sonnets by George Huntly Gordon (printed, nd) with an autograph dedication by the author to Mrs Hope-Scott, 1857 (no 63). 87 items.

REEL 18 MS.2262 Letters from Lockhart and others to Whitwell Elwin, 1849-1859 Letters addressed chiefly to the Rev Whitwell Elwin on matters relating to The Quarterly Review by J G Lockhart, W E Nineteenth Century Literary Manuscripts, Part 4

Gladstone, Lord Brougham, and others, 1849-1859, preceded by a copy of a letter of Byron to Edward Noel Long, 1807, and including letters of Mrs Gaskell relating to the breach between the Ruskins, Charlotte Brontë’s marriage, etc, 1854, nd. 137ff.

MS.3995 Poems by Lockhart Autograph manuscripts of “Farewell to the Year”, from a German Taschenbuch of 1828 , and “To the Virgin” and “Prayer”, from the Spanish. 2ff.

MS.4817 Manuscript and corrected proofs of postcript to the 3rd edition of Peter’s Letters to his Kinsfolk by Lockhart Commences with the manuscript (f1), followed by the corrected proof (f31). The 3rd edition was published in Edinburgh in 1819. 42ff.

MS.4818 Manuscript of Some Passages in the Life of Mr Adam Blair Published in Edinburgh in 1822. 80ff.

MS.4819 Corrected proofs of Some Passages in the Life of Mr Adam Blair Published in Edinburgh in 1822. i + 339pp.

MS.4820 Corrected proofs of The History of Matthew Wald by Lockhart Covers pages 1-9, 11-17, 33-36, 49-80, 129-130, 139-144, and 369-372. Published in Edinburgh in 1824. 38ff.

MS.4821 Manuscript of part of Valerius by Lockhart The manuscript covers part of Chapter V and all of Chapter VI. Published in Edinburgh in 1821. 6ff.

MS.4822 Corrected proofs of The Mad Banker of Amsterdam, a poem by Lockhart and On the Cockney School of Poetry, a review by Lockhart The poem was published, in part in Blackwood’s Magazine, January 1820, in “Letter from the Ettrick Shepherd.” The review was published in Blackwood’s Magazine, October 1817, with the omission of a passage on Leigh Hunt. 3ff.

The Cockney School of Poetry, No.IV (Signed 'Z') - Extracts From Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, 3 (1818) 519-24

Of Keats, The muses' son of promise, and what feats He yet may do, etc. (Cornelius Webb)

Of all the manias of this mad age, the most incurable, as well as the most common, seems to be no other than the metromanie. The just celebrity of Robert Burns and Miss Baillie has had the melancholy effect of turning the heads of we know not how many farm-servants and unmarried ladies; our very footmen compose tragedies, and there is scarcely a superannuated governess in the island that does not leave a roll of lyrics behind her in her bandbox.

To witness the disease of any human understanding, however feeble, is distressing -- but the spectacle of an able mind reduced to a state of insanity is of course ten times more afflicting. It is with such sorrow as this that we have contemplated the case of Mr . This young man appears to have received from nature talents of an excellent, perhaps even of a superior order -- talents which, devoted to the purposes of any useful profession, must have rendered him a respectable, if not an eminent citizen. His friends, we understand, destined him to the career of medicine, and he was bound apprentice some years ago to a worthy apothecary in town.

But all has been undone by a sudden attack of the malady to which we have alluded. Whether Mr John had been sent home with a diuretic or composing draught to some patient far gone in the poetical mania, we have not heard. This much is certain: that he has caught the infection, and that thoroughly. For some time we were in hopes that he might get off with a violent fit or two, but of late the symptoms are terrible. The frenzy of the Poems was bad enough in its way, but it did not alarm us half so seriously as the calm, settled, imperturbable drivelling idiocy of Endymion. We hope, however, that in so young a person, and with a constitution originally so good, even now the disease is not utterly incurable. Time, firm treatment, and rational restraint, do much for many apparently hopeless invalids -- and if Mr Keats should happen, at some interval of reason, to cast his eye upon our pages, he may perhaps be convinced of the existence of his malady, which in such cases is often all that is necessary to put the patient in a fair way of being cured....

It is time to pass from the juvenile Poems to the mature and elaborate Endymion: A Poetic Romance. The old story of the moon falling in love with a shepherd, so prettily told by a Roman classic, and so exquisitely enlarged and adorned by one of the most elegant of German poets, has been seized upon by Mr John Keats, to be done with as might seem good unto the sickly fancy of one who never read a single line either of Ovid or of Wieland. If the quantity, not the quality, of the verses dedicated to the story is to be taken into account, there can be no doubt that Mr John Keats may now claim Endymion entirely to himself.

To say the truth, we do not suppose either the Latin or the German poet would be very anxious to dispute about the property of the hero of the 'Poetic Romance'. Mr Keats has thoroughly appropriated the character, if not the name. His Endymion is not a Greek shepherd loved by a Grecian goddess; he is merely a young Cockney rhymester dreaming a fantastic dream at the full of the moon. Costume, were it worthwhile to notice such a trifle, is violated in every page of this goodly octavo. From his prototype Hunt, John Keats has acquired a sort of vague idea that the Greeks were a most tasteful people, and that no mythology can be so finely adapted for the purposes of poetry as theirs. It is amusing to see what a hand the two Cockneys make of this mythology: the one confesses that he never read the Greek tragedians, and the other knows Homer only from Chapman -- and both of them write about Apollo, Pan, nymphs, muses and mysteries as might be expected from persons of their education. We shall not, however, enlarge at present upon this subject, as we mean to dedicate an entire paper to the classical attainments and attempts of the Cockney poets.

As for Mr Keats' Endymion, it has just as much to do with as it has with 'old Tartary the fierce'. No man whose mind has ever been imbued with the smallest knowledge or feeling of classical poetry or classical history, could have stooped to profane and vulgarize every association in the manner which has been adopted by this 'son of promise'. Before giving any extracts, we must inform our readers that this romance is meant to be written in English heroic rhyme. To those who have read any of Hunt's poems, this hint might indeed be needless; Mr Keats has adopted the loose, nerveless versification and Cockney rhymes of the poet of Rimini. But in fairness to that gentleman, we must add that the defects of the system are tenfold more conspicuous in his disciple's work than in his own. Mr Hunt is a small poet, but he is a clever man. Mr Keats is a still smaller poet, and he is only a boy of pretty abilities, which he has done everything in his power to spoil....

We had almost forgot to mention that Keats belongs to the Cockney School of Politics, as well as the Cockney School of Poetry.

It is fit that he who holds Rimini to be the first poem should believe The Examiner to be the first politician of the day. We admire consistency, even in folly. Hear how their bantling has already learned to lisp sedition. [Quotes Endymion, iii. 1--23] And now good morrow to 'the muses' son of promise'; as for 'the feats he yet may do', as we do not pretend to say, like himself, 'Muse of my native land am I inspired', we shall adhere to the safe old rule of pauca verba [i.e. few words]. We venture to make one small prophecy: that his bookseller will not a second time venture £50 upon anything he can write. It is a better and a wiser thing to be a starved apothecary than a starved poet; so back to the shop Mr John, back to 'plasters, pills, and ointment boxes', etc. But for heaven's sake, young Sangrado, be a little more sparing of extenuatives and soporifics in your practice than you have been in your poetry.

From Andrew Lang, The Life and Letters of John Gibson Lockhart (1897) As reproduced in : An Anthology with CD-ROM edited by Duncan Wu (Second Edition, Blackwell Publishers, 1998)

When Youthful Faith Has Fled

When youthful faith has fled, Of loving take thy leave; Be constant to the dead - The dead cannot deceive.

Sweet modest flowers of spring, How fleet your balmy day! And man's brief year can bring No secondary May.

No earthly burst again Of gladness out of gloom; Fond hope and vision vain, Ungrateful to the tomb!

But 'tis an old belief, That on some solemn shore, Beyond the sphere of grief, Dear friends will meet once more.

Beyond the sphere of time, And sin, and fate's control, Serene in changeless prime Of body and of soul.

That creed I fain would keep, That hope I'll not forego; Eternal be the sleep, Unless to waken so.