1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Organization: Third Millennium Alliance (USA)/ Grupo Ecológico Jama-Coaque (Ecuador)

Project Name: Reforestation, Conservation, and Community Outreach in Coastal Ecuador

Proposed VCA: The Jama-Coaque Reserve

Location: Coastal Ecuador’s Pacific Forests: Province of Manabi, Ecuador.

Mission: To preserve the last remnants of coastal Ecuador's Pacific Forest and to empower local communities to restore what has been lost

Vision: We envision a culture in which local communities recognize both the practical and intrinsic benefits of forest stewardship and manage the land accordingly, creating both economic and environmental sustainability in the region

Contact Person: Ryan L. Lynch, Executive Director; Jose Tamayo 1024 y Lizardo Garcia, Quito, Ecuador; Phone: +593 98 732 5336; Email: [email protected]; Website: www.tmalliance.org

Project Overview: Named after the Pre-Incan Jama Coaque culture that inhabited the area, the Jama-Coaque Reserve currently protects 411 hectares of tropical moist forest and premontane cloud forest in one of the last major remnants of Pacific Equatorial Forest in the Tumbes-Chocó transition zone along the coastal mountain range of northwest Ecuador. The region surrounding the Reserve has seen one of the highest rates of deforestation in South America, with only 2% of native forest cover remaining. The strategic location of the Reserve along the coastal Manabi mountain range protects the headwaters of two major river systems, which provide water to the community of Camarones and protect the habitats of a variety of rare, endemic, and globally threatened species. To date, 255 species of birds (16 globally threatened), 41 species of reptile (18 globally threatened), 27 species of amphibian (5 globally threatened, plus 3+ species new to science), and 18 species of mammals (2 globally threatened) have been documented in the Reserve. In 2005 the Reserve and the surrounding forests were designated as an Important Bird Area (IBA EC010), and currently ranks third in avian diversity in Ecuador.

Third Millennium Alliance (TMA) has been actively working hand-in-hand with the local community of Camarones since 2007 on a variety of research, reforestation, conservation, and outreach programs. With the ultimate goal of educating and empowering local people, TMA employs Camarones community members, has opened the Reserve to small-scale eco-tourism initiatives, and works with Camarones youth on a variety of conservation education projects.

2. AREA CHARACTERISTICS

Figure 1. Map of Important Bird Area EC010 showing the Jama-Coaque Reserve, neighboring reserve Bosque Seco Lalo Loor, and the variety of forest types in the area.

The Jama-Coaque Reserve is located at 0°06’24.5” S, 80°07’04.2” W. It is 411 hectares in size, is situated in the Province of Manabi along the central coast of Ecuador just south of the equator, and neighbors the community of Camarones. The Jama-Coaque Reserve also neighbors the 200 hectare coastal dry forest Reserve of Bosque Seco Lalo Loor which is managed by partner NGO Ceiba Foundation for Tropical Conservation. The Jama-Coaque Reserve protects one of the last

2 | P a g e remaining remnants of Pacific Coastal Forest in Ecuador and falls within the Critically Endangered Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests / Northeastern Ecuador and Southwestern Colombia Ecoregion. The altitudinal range of the Reserve is 250 to 700 m.a.s.l. This altitudinal range provides protection for a variety of habitats and forest types (semi- deciduous, tropical moist, and pre-montane cloud forest), as well as a growing list of nationally and internationally threatened species (i.e. grey-backed hawk (Leucopternis occidentalis), grey- cheeked parakeet (Brotogeris pyrrhoptera), White-fronted Capuchin monkey (Cebus albifrons ssp. Aequatorialis), margay (Leopardus weidii), and the emerald glass frog (Cochranella mache) (see Rapid Assessment Analysis). There is also evidence of pre-Incan settlements of the Jama- Coaque culture in the region, which gives the Reserve its name. Within the Reserve there is a research station that houses a team of national and international residents, who carry out a variety of conservation and agro-forestry activities year-round. The Jama-Coaque Reserve also has an eco-tourism trail that is open to visitors and local residents, with the goal of promoting education and appreciation of Ecuador’s threatened coastal forests (see brochure at bottom).

3. AREA MANAGER

3.1. Contact Details

Name Contact Position Ryan L. Lynch Address: Jose Tamayo 1024 y Lizardo Garcia, Quito, Ecuador Executive Director Phone: +593 98 732 5336 Email: [email protected] Gerald F. Toth, III Address: Guanguiltagua N37-152 Dept. 201, Quito, Ecuador Founder & Advisor Phone: +593 98 575 2994 Email: [email protected]

3.2. Summary Information

The Jama-Coaque Reserve is owned and managed by the non-profit organization Third Millennium Alliance/ Grupo Ecológico Jama-Coaque, in partnership with the local community of Camarones. Third Millennium Alliance is a registered 501c3 non-profit organization in the United States and functions under the name Grupo Ecológico Jama-Coaque as a non-profit foundation in Ecuador.

The mission of Third Millennium Alliance/ Grupo Ecológico Jama-Coaque is to preserve the last remnants of Ecuador's coastal Pacific Forest and to empower local communities to restore what has been lost. We envision a culture in which local communities recognize both the practical and intrinsic benefits of forest stewardship and manage the land accordingly, creating both economic and environmental sustainability in the region. This holistic approach ensures the wellbeing of local peoples as well as well as the long-term success of our conservation objectives.

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3.3. Management Structure

The management of the Jama-Coaque Reserve is carried out by a combination of active research and data gathering, forest and wildlife conservation, reforestation projects, and community education and sustainable development programs. All of the activities carried out by Third Millennium Alliance/ Grupo Ecológico Jama-Coaque staff are done in partnership with local peoples, national and international volunteers, local universities and researchers, local organizations, and the Ecuadorian government.

3.4. Local and International Partners

The following is a list of active partners that assist with the protection and conservation of the Jama-Coaque Reserve and the highly threatened coastal Pacific forests:

 Ceiba Foundation for Tropical Conservation: manages the neighboring reserve of Bosque Seco Lalo Loor, and collaborates on research and conservation activities in the region.  The Biodiversity Group: has been carrying out reptile and amphibian population surveys and species discoveries in the Jama-Coaque Reserve since 2009.  Amphibian Survival Alliance: provides international amphibian conservation networking opportunities and acts as a press release outlet.  IUCN Small Purchase of Nature: has provided funds to expand and protect the Jama-Coaque Reserve.  Good Nomad: runs volunteer-based eco-tourism in the Jama-Coaque Reserve, which brings in funds to support our mission of conservation.  Socio-Bosque: Ecuadorian government forest conservation program that encourages the ongoing protection of forest through financial support.  Birdlife International/ Aves y Conservación: collaborated with us on the creation of the Camarones Important Bird Area (IBA) EC010.  EcoMinga: partner conservation non-profit in Ecuador that assists with large-scale conservation concerns and legal status in Ecuador.

4. RAPID ASSESSMENT & ANALYSIS

4.1. Background

The Jama-Coaque Reserve falls within the Tumbes-Chocó-Magdalena Biodiversity Hotspot, as designated by Conservation International. The hotspot is characterized by an exceptionally high forest variation; tropical dry forest, semi-deciduous forest, tropical moist forest, and pre- montane cloud forest can all be found within a distance of three km of the Jama-Coaque Reserve. It is located in the transition zone between the Chocó and Tumbes Endemic Bird Areas, which creates conditions for a remarkably high degree of biological endemism. A recent study that looked at biological diversity and conservation zones in Ecuador highlighted the 4 | P a g e central coast of Ecuador in the province of Manabi, where the Jama-Coaque Reserve is located, as one of the most critical conservation priorities in the country (see Additional Media at bottom). High levels of species diversity combined with low levels of existing protection along the central coast of Ecuador illustrate the critical conservation importance of the Jama-Coaque Reserve, and the need for immediate action.

4.2. Biological description of the Jama-Coaque Reserve

The Jama-Coaque Reserve, together with the neighboring reserve of Bosque Seco Lalo Loor, forms a significant part of IBA EC010, which has the third highest density of A1 bird species out of the 107 IBAs in Ecuador. Our bird inventory has documented 255 species, including 16 A1 species and 21 endemic species. Seventeen of these species were found within just three km² and are globally threatened; these include the grey-backed hawk (Leucopternis occidentalis), the slaty becard (Pachyramphus spodiurus), and the grey-cheeked parakeet (Brotogeris pyrrhoptera), each of which are listed as endangered by IUCN. Figure 1 below highlights some of the rarest and most threatened species of bird that have been documented in the Jama-Coaque Reserve by teams of researchers and volunteers.

THREATENED BIRDS Common Name Scientific Name Status Grey-backed Hawk Leucopternis occidentalis Endangered Slaty Becard Pachyramphus spodiurus Endangered Grey-cheeked Parakeet Brotogeris pyrrhoptera Endangered Ochraceous Attila Attila torridus Vulnerable Rufous-headed Chachalaca Ortalis erythroptera Vulnerable Red-masked Parakeet Aratinga erythrogenys Near Threatened Guayaquil Woodpecker Campephilus gayaquilensis Near Threatened Orange-fronted Barbet Capito squamatus Near Threatened Figure 2. Top eight threatened species of bird in the Jama-Coaque Reserve.

Beginning in 2009, and continuing to date, our partner organization The Biodiversity Group has been collecting population data on the amphibian and reptile populations found within the Jama-Coaque Reserve. To date, 27 species of amphibian and 41 species of reptile have been documented in the Reserve, and at least four new species of frogs have been discovered in the Reserve and are awaiting official description by The Biodiversity Group and their partners. These new species are currently found nowhere else but the Jama-Coaque Reserve, and as a result are likely highly threatened species. Figures 2 and 3 highlight some of the rarest and most threatened species of amphibians and reptiles that have been documented in the Jama-Coaque Reserve.

THREATENED AMPHIBIANS Common Name Scientific Name Status Emerald Glass Frog Cochranella mache Endangered Disc Robber Frog Pristimantis latidiscus Vulnerable 5 | P a g e

Awa Rocket-Frog Hyloxalus awa Vulnerable Coastal Ecuador Smoky Jungle Frog Leptodactylus peritoaktites Vulnerable Rana Nodriza De Machalilla Epipedobates machalilla Near Threatened Engraved Rainfrog Pristimantis subsigillatus Near Threatened Rio Lita Caecilian Caecilia nigricans Near Threatened Figure 3. Threatened amphibians species found in the Jama-Coaque Reserve.

THREATENED REPTILES Common Name Scientific Name Status Brown Wood Turtle Rhinoclemmys annulata Endangered Rhombifer Anadia Anadia rhombifera Vulnerable Rough Teiid Echinosaura horrida Vulnerable Boa constrictor Boa constrictor Vulnerable O’Shaughnessy’s Dwarf Iguana Enyalioides oshaugnessyi Vulnerable Degenhardt’s Scorpion-eating Snake Stenorrhina degenhardtii Near Threatened Forest Flame Snake Oxyrhopus petola Near Threatened Dumeril’s Coral Snake Micrurus dumerilii Near Threatened First Anole Anolis princeps Near Threatened Fraser’s Anole Anolis fraseri Near Threatened Andean Snail-eater Dipsas andiana Near Threatened Figure 4. Threatened reptile species found in the Jama-Coaque Reserve.

The Jama-Coaque Reserve has been conducting a mammal inventory using camera traps since 2010. Despite the fact that the coast of Ecuador has one of the highest rates of deforestation in South America, the Jama-Coaque Reserve houses an impressive list of medium and large-sized mammals. The most threatened mammal we have documented in the Reserve is the Ecuadorian white-fronted capuchin monkey (Cebus albifrons ssp. aequatorialis), listed as critically endangered by IUCN. Future genetic work with the individuals found within the Jama- Coaque Reserve may lead to the elevation of the subspecies to a unique species. Our camera trap study has also registered three species of wild cats, including margay (Leopardus weidii), which is internationally listed as Near Threatened by IUCN. Many of the species found within the Jama-Coaque Reserve listed as Least Concern by IUCN are in fact listed as Near Threatened or Vulnerable within Ecuador. Figure 5 below highlights species of mammals documented in the Jama-Coaque Reserve.

MAMMALS Common Name Scientific Name Status White-fronted capuchin monkey Cebus albifrons ssp. Aequatorialis Critically Endangered Margay Leopardus wiedii Near Threatened Red brocket deer Mazama Americana Data Deficient Tayra Eira Barbara Least Concern Kinkajou Potos flavus Least Concern Ocelot Leopardus pardalis Least Concern Jaguarundi Puma yagouaroundi Least Concern

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Western tamandua Tamandua Mexicana Least Concern White-nosed coati Nasua narica Least Concern Crab-eating raccoon Procyon cancrivorus Least Concern Browth-throated three-toed sloth Bradypus variegatus Least Concern Hoffman’s two-toed sloth Choloepus hoffmanni Least Concern Mantled howler monkey Alouatta palliate Least Concern Collared peccary Pecari tajacu Least Concern Spotted paca Cuniculus paca Least Concern Western agouti Dasyprocta punctata chocoensis Least Concern

Western wooly opposom Caluromys lanatus Least Concern Nine-banded armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus Least Concern Figure 5. Small and medium-sized mammals documented in the Jama-Coaque Reserve.

The variety of forest types contained within the Jama-Coaque Reserve plays a vital role in the survival of local wildlife as well as the wellbeing of local people. With only 2% of coastal forests remaining in Ecuador, the climate has been drastically altered over the past few decades. The coastal Pacific forests of Ecuador play a vital role in maintaining ecosystem and climatic equilibrium. In areas where forests have been clear-cut for a variety of agricultural activities and cattle ranching, the climate has continued to become more arid each year. The forests that were once widespread along the coast of Ecuador were responsible for converting coastal humidity and cloud cover into precipitation, feeding the complex system of rivers and streams, which in turn supported the wellbeing of both animal and human life. The highest point in the Reserve (Cerro Sagrado peak; 700 m) is almost never without cloud cover; this cloud cover feeds the lower elevation forests within the Reserve as well as household and agricultural activities carried out by the families of Camarones.

The variety of ecosystems in the Reserve is also extremely important for the protection and conservation of wildlife populations and diversity. Of the three different ecosystems contained with the Reserve, the cloud forest ecosystem is one of the most unique, beautiful, yet threatened ecosystems in the world. The isolation of mid-elevation forested peaks along the coast act as islands of biodiversity, where high levels of species diversity and endemism occur. Many of the most interesting species of birds and amphibians catalogued in the Reserve have been documented solely within the cloud forest habitat, where climatic conditions are different from any other area within the Reserve. Three potentially new species of frog and salamander have been documented in the cloud forests surrounding the Cerro Sagrado peak. With further and more rigorous scientific investigation taking place in the Reserve more new and rare species will surely turn up within the cloud forests.

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4.3. SWOT ANALYSIS

Strengths

 One of the last and largest remnants of coastal Pacific forest in Ecuador, protecting semi-deciduous forest, tropical moist forest, and pre-montane cloud forest.  Declared an Important Bird Area (EC010) by Birdlife International.  High levels of biodiversity and endemism with comprehensive species lists compiled for birds, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles.  Year-round wildlife population monitoring programs run by teams of locals, volunteers, and national and international researchers.  Community engagement through conservation-related activities and job creation.  Ongoing large-scale reforestation and agro-forestry projects.  Small-scale sustainable agroforestry farm for the production of food on-site.

Weaknesses

 Variable year-to-year revenue stream limits program consistency and organizational growth. A loss or decrease in funding means we are unable to offer employment and training to interested locals, including potential park rangers, or lead community outreach projects, i.e. youth environmental education initiatives.  Limited lodging infrastructure creates difficulties in meeting the rising demand of researchers, interns, and eco-tourists within the Jama-Coaque Reserve. Without enough space to to accommodate all interested in working within the Reserve, we limit the potential for scientific research and revenue gained from educational and eco-tourism activities.  Remote location and poor road conditions limit access and availability to educational and research programs.  Limited availability and funding of research equipment (i.e. weather stations, GPS units, cameras) hinders our ability to collect important biological and environmental data.  Food production on site does not yet sufficiently support on-site staff, meaning that food must be brought in from town, 25 km away.  Eco-tourism trail and local guides need more attention, training, and guidance in order to support the organization rather than drain resources.

Opportunities

 TMA and fellow conservation organizations and protected forests in the surrounding area are currently discussing joining forces to develop a large-scale wildlife corridor. If successful, such a project would increase the regional forest connectivity from approximately four kilometers to close to 40 kilometers.

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 Growth of our organization has allowed us to bring on additional and more experienced staff. With a larger and more specialized team we will be able to strengthen our permaculture/ agro-forestry work as well as our research and conservation initiatives.  With access to food, lodging, and specialized training courses available in the Jama- Coaque Reserve, new partnerships with national and international researchers and universities will be possible. Such work will result in more recognition, support, as well as develop our impact on regional conservation.  With the surrounding region quickly developing there is a great opportunity to connect with a larger number of individuals. This increase in recognition can lead to a larger educational impact as well as act as a potential source of eco-tourism income.

Threats

 Rapid and widespread deforestation caused largely by agricultural activities threatens the forests in and around the Jama-Coaque Reserve. These activities have resulted in the loss of 98% of coastal forests that supported a diversity of wildlife, natural resources, and climatic stability. Options for Reserve expansion in the future are quickly diminishing, due to the ongoing agriculturally motivated activities conducted by neighboring landowners.  The ongoing threat of illegal hunting within the Reserve and nearby forests impend the long-term survival of threatened species, including those of severely diminished populations (three species of feline, two species of monkey, and the Red Brocket Deer).  A rapidly growing real estate market along the central coast of Ecuador will likely translate into a larger human population, and thus a larger and more destructive ecological impact. The influx and popularity in buying property in the region will also likely result in higher property values, thus making it more difficult for TMA to increase the size of the Reserve and expand our conservation efforts in an area that needs significantly higher levels of protection.  Global and local climate changes are quickly resulting in the desertification and aridity of the region. This climatic change threatens not only the wellbeing of human populations in the area, but also the long-term welfare of wildlife, and the stability of the remaining forests in the region.  Government programs that incentivize agricultural growth may lead to additional rapid deforestation of the region. Starting in the 1930s, colonization of the region was encouraged by the national government through incentive programs. The three-step pattern of exploitation began with selective logging, then moved on to slash-and-burn agriculture, and then on to the ultimate goal of widespread cattle pasture. After more than 70 years of this type of exploitation, the national government began aggressively promoting the cultivation of monoculture balsa wood plantations in 2009. The result was widespread deforestation in order to make room for the national Balsa Wood program. Today, the national government continues to develop similar agricultural

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incentive-based programs, although they have recently taken steps to promote forest conservation by private landowners.

5. EXPECTED CONSERVATION OUTCOMES

The development and implementation of an Area Management Plan will result in a number of important conservation outcomes for TMA and the Jama-Coaque Reserve. These include:

 Ecosystem protection and conservation o Development of a stronger framework for the effective protection and management of coastal forests within the Jama-Coaque Reserve o A more efficient operations management system to actively monitor changes in forest status, threats, and conservation opportunities o Expansion of Reserve conservation activities into neighboring forested properties in need of immediate attention and protection

 Wildlife research, monitoring, and conservation o Enhanced monitoring and protection of important rare and threatened species’ populations o Increased knowledge and understanding of the biological communities present in the Jama-Coaque Reserve, and their conservation status

 Scientific growth and recognition o Structure and organization of the existing scientific research program (i.e. objectives, questions, and conservation impacts) o The publication of scientific research conducted at the Reserve, highlighting the uniqueness of the region’s biodiversity and its conservational importance

 Agro-forestry/ Permaculture growth and development o Continued growth and structuring of Agro-forestry and Permaculture program attracts more skilled researchers and volunteers o Increased food production, supporting on-site staff and diminishing the amount of energy and funding necessary to nourish field staff and guests

 Reforestation o Already planted native tree species continue to grow and shade out non-native grasses and new trees are planted in pasture lands owned by the organization o Reforestation of pasture lands on the border of the Reserve lead to increased biodiversity and the return of wildlife

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o Local community participation in sustainable Agro-forestry project influences changes in unsustainable monoculture practices

 Community program development, growth, and support o Greater public awareness and understanding of the site’s important biodiversity value o Increased job creation for locals via sustainable Agro-forestry and Eco-tourism initiatives o Environmental education projects with the local youth increases their environmental and conservation knowledge and interest

6. WORK PLAN FOR REGISTERING THE AREA

6.1. Baseline Research Studies

Building on existing biological databases, the coming year will involve a more in-depth analysis of biodiversity and conservation focal points in the Jama-Coaque Reserve. Areas that lack solid baseline data will be addressed by existing staff, institutional partners, and contracted experts. Baseline biological data for all taxa found within the Reserve will be used as an integral component in the design of the Area Management Plan. Specific focal points for the coming year will involve the following:

 Compilation of species list for common flora species, with specific focus on woody, useful, and globally threatened species  Develop more detailed spatial maps of current forest conditions (i.e. pasture, secondary forest, primary forest) and forest types (i.e. dry forest, tropical moist forest, premontane cloud forest) within the Reserve  Assess changes in biological communities throughout the year (wet season vs. dry season)  Monitor climatic conditions (temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall, etc) in various locations (moist forest & cloud forest) within the Reserve using advanced weather stations  Assess current stakeholders and their involvement in ongoing social and conservation projects within the Reserve and local community of Camarones

6.2. Design & Structure of Area Management Plan

The development of the Area Management Plan will be based on the Adaptive Management framework used by management agencies worldwide. Adaptive Management provides many advantages to linear management systems, as it explicitly addresses the importance of active and constant resource monitoring in the formulation and alteration of management strategies. This flexible adaptive framework allows management teams to adapt management activities to

11 | P a g e both negative and positive observed responses in nature. In compliment with the Adaptive Management framework, the Area Management Plan will be designed using the principles laid out by the Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation, developed by Conservation Measures Partnership.

The specific steps that structure the design of the Area Management Plan include:

1. Defining the management problems, objectives, gaps, indicators, potential solutions, and predicted outcomes 2. Evaluating management options, plan management protocol, and analysis techniques 3. Following the management plan and actively documenting changes 4. Monitoring management plan effectiveness 5. Adjusting management decisions and policies as needed

As part of the Area Management Plan the above framework will be used to address five key project themes in the Jama-Coaque Reserve:

1. Ecosystem health and conservation 2. Biological community health and conservation 3. Ecosystem restoration and reforestation 4. Agro-forestry and permaculture activities 5. Community and stakeholder relationships

6.1 Structure Institutional Partnerships

The following year will provide an opportunity to strengthen existing institutional partnerships and develop new partnerships with both national and international organizations, companies, and government agencies that share our conservation principles and objectives. The aims and desired outcomes for each partnership will be formalized through the signing of mutual agreements. Specific activities that will be conducted to strengthen our institutional partnerships include the following:

 Develop specific agreements with existing partners (see partners list above) and discuss desired outcomes for each partnership  Reach out to new institutional partners along the coast of Ecuador and in the capital city of Quito. Potential partners include local universities, local conservation and education non-profits, and management teams from protected areas within the region  Establish contact and working relationships with international universities interested in partnering with the Jama-Coaque Reserve as a potential study-abroad research site  Advertise and reach out to individual national and international biological researchers who may be interested in using the Jama-Coaque Reserve as a research site

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6.2. Proposed Budget

The Jama-Coaque Reserve carries out active year-round conservation and research activities with a team of staff, researchers, interns, students, and eco-tourists. Funding for these activities comes from a variety of sources, including: donations, grants, internship dues, eco- tourism fees, government programs, and private backers. Ongoing efforts are being made to attract additional private donors and financial backers. With additional assistance from donors and international organizations, we hope to build a strong endowment fund that will allow us to continue our steady growth and meet each of the expected conservation goals mentioned above. An estimate of the financial assistance we require in order to complete our Area Management Plan within the year can be found below:

Third Millennium Alliance/ Grupo Ecológico Jama-Coaque VCA Budget BUDGET Amount (USD) Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 1. Baseline Research Studies Biological population studies/ monitoring $7,500.00 X X X Research consultants $10,000.00 X X X Workshops/ meetings $3,500.00 X Research and operating equipment $12,000.00 X Evaluation/ analysis $5,000.00 X X Subtotal 1 $38,000.00 2. Design of Management Plan Planning and development $8,000.00 X X X Economic/ Socio-economic evaluation $6,000.00 X X Market analysis and business plan $8,000.00 X X Consultant fees $3,000.00 X X Running costs $8,000.00 X X X X Subtotal 2 $33,000.00 3. Operating & Management Expenses Staff $24,000.00 X X X X Other materials and inputs $2,500.00 X X Transport $2,500.00 X X X X Contingencies $2,500.00 X X X X Subtotal 3 $31,500.00 TOTAL $102,500.00

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7. PHOTOS Typical Landscape: View of premontane cloud forest within the Jama-Coaque Reserve

Typical Plant: Base of large Ficus tree Typical Animal: Ocelot (Leopardus pardalis)

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Structure: Jama-Coaque Reserve Research and Education Center

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Eco-Tourism Brochure: Jama-Coaque Reserve Eco-Trail

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7.2. Additional Media

 Global Forest Watch provides an interactive map of global forest change between the years of 2001 and 2013. When analyzing Ecuador you find that approximately 534,391 Ha of forests have been lost in the country between 2001 and 2013. Roughly 57% of this loss came from coastal forests, and a shocking 35% of the countries deforestation came solely from the northwest coast, where the Jama- Coaque Reserve is located. To view details please visit Global Forest Watch website:

Global Forest Watch Website

 Video summary of the work conducted by Third Millennium Alliance/ Grupo Ecológico Jama-Coaque in the Jama-Coaque Reserve available here:

English: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZzlqmcIuxNg Spanish: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_2_Gi-Wx0I

 Photo Gallery from the Jama-Coaque Reserve: http://tmalliance.org/gallery/

 Recent publication that highlights the dire conservation status and immediate conservation attention that the central coast of Ecuador warrants:

Lessmann, J., Munoz, J., & E. Bonaccorso. 2014. Maximizing species conservation in continental Ecuador: a case of systematic conservation planning for biodiverse regions. Ecology and Evolution.

8. LETTER OF SUPPORT A Letter of Support written by Dr. Paul S. Hamilton, Executive Director of the non-profit The Biodiversity Group is attached to this proposal.

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