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Tesis Reconstrucción

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Tesis Reconstrucción UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA EQUINOCCIAL FACULTAD DE TURISMO, PRESERVACIÓN AMBIENTAL, HOTELERÍA Y GASTRONOMÍA CARRERA DE TURISMO Y PRESERVACIÓN AMBIENTAL TESIS PREVIA A LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO: INGENIERÍA EN EMPRESAS TURÍSTICAS Y ÁREAS NATURALES PLAN DE MARKETING TURÍSTICO PARA LA FRANJA NORTE DE LA RESERVA MAQUIPUCUNA, PARROQUIA NANEGAL, CANTÓN QUITO, PROVINCIA DE PICHINCHA, “EL ECOTURISMO COMO UNA ALTERNATIVA ECONÓMICA SUSTENTABLE” AUTORA: ENITH CRISTINA PÓLIT MORA DIRECTOR: EXP. CESAR ACOSTA QUITO – ECUADOR 2010 Del contenido de la presente tesis se responsabiliza la autora: Enith Cristina Pólit Mora Autora Director Dedicatoria A mis padres Agradecimiento Quiero agradecer a primero Dios por permitirme concluir una etapa más de mi vida, al apoyo constante de mi madre, padre, a mi hermana, quienes han sido un elemento muy importante de este proceso. Al apoyo de la Fundación Maquipucuna, en especial Mónica Burbano y los miembros que me ayudaron y aconsejaron para el correcto desarrollo de mi tesis quienes estuvieron dispuestos a colaborar con mi investigación. ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................................. I ANTECEDENTES ............................................................................................................................... II PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA ............................................................................................ III OBJETIVOS ........................................................................................................................................ III IMPORTANCIA ................................................................................................................................. III JUSTIFICACIÓN .............................................................................................................................. IV IDEA A DEFENDER .......................................................................................................................... V METODOLOGÍA ............................................................................................................................... V DELIMITACIÓN DEL TEMA ......................................................................................................... VII MARCO TEÓRICO .......................................................................................................................... VII CAPÍTULO I ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1. ANÁLISIS DE LA ZONA DE ESTUDIO ...................................................................................... 1 1.1. ASPECTO GEOGRÁFICO .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1. Ubicación ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1.1. Ecuador ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1.2. Provincia de Pichincha .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1.3. Distrito Metropolitano de Quito ................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1.4. Reserva Maquipucuna ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2. Límites de la Reserva Maquipucuna ..................................................................................... 2 1.1.3. Extensión del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito .................................................................... 2 1.1.4. Extensión de la Reserva Maquipucuna ................................................................................. 2 Gráfico No. 1 ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Gráfico No. 2 ...................................................................................................................................... 4 Gráfico No. 3 ...................................................................................................................................... 5 Gráfico No. 4 ...................................................................................................................................... 6 1.2. ASPECTO AMBIENTAL - BIODIVERSIDAD .................................................................................... 7 1.2.1. Bosque Protector Maquipucuna ........................................................................................... 7 1.2.2. Cuenca Alta del Río Guayllabamba ..................................................................................... 7 1.2.3. Clima .................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2.4. Bosque Lluvioso y el Bosque Nublado .................................................................................. 9 1.2.4.1. Principales diferencias con el Bosque Lluvioso Tropical .......................................................... 9 1.2.4.2. Bosques Nublados ..................................................................................................................... 9 1.2.4.3. El Bosque Nublado en el Occidente del Ecuador .................................................................... 10 1.2.4.4. Importancia Hidrológica ......................................................................................................... 11 1.2.4.5. Importancia en la Biodiversidad .............................................................................................. 12 1.2.4.6. Caracterización de los bosques en la región tropical .............................................................. 12 1.3. ASPECTO LOCAL ...................................................................................................................... 15 1.3.1. Nanegal............................................................................................................................... 15 Grafico No. 5 Ubicación Geográfica de la Parroquia Nanegal .................................................... 15 1.4. ASPECTO ECONÓMICO Y PRODUCTIVO ..................................................................................... 17 1.5. ASPECTO CULTURAL ................................................................................................................ 17 1.5.1. Los Yumbos ......................................................................................................................... 17 1.5.2. Estructuras Arqueológicas ................................................................................................. 19 1.6. ASPECTO TECNOLÓGICO .......................................................................................................... 20 1.7. MARCO LEGAL ......................................................................................................................... 21 1.7.1. Constitución de la República del Ecuador ......................................................................... 21 1.7.2. Ley de Gestión Ambiental ................................................................................................... 25 1.7.3. LEY FORESTAL ......................................................................................................................... 25 1.7.4. Normas de Autorización de Aprovechamiento y Corte de Madera .................................... 27 1.7.5. Normas para el Manejo Forestal Sustentable para Aprovechamiento de Madera en Bosque Húmedo ................................................................................................................................ 28 CAPITULO II .................................................................................................................................... 30 2. DIAGNÓSTICO DE LA SITUACIÓN ACTUAL ....................................................................... 30 2.1. ANÁLISIS INTERNO ................................................................................................................... 30 2.1.1. La Fundación ...................................................................................................................... 30 2.1.1.1. Recurso Humano ..................................................................................................................... 31 2.2. ANÁLISIS DE LA DEMANDA ACTUAL ........................................................................................ 34 2.2.1. Análisis de la Situación del Mercado Actual ...................................................................... 34 2.2.1.1. Demanda Histórica ........................................................................................................ 34 Tabla No 1. Número de Visitantes/Turistas a la Reserva Maquipucuna en el 2006 ................... 34 Tabla No 2. Número de Visitantes/Turistas a la Reserva Maquipucuna en el 2007 ................... 35 Tabla No 3. Número de Visitantes/Turistas a la Reserva Maquipucuna en el 2008 ................... 36 2.2.1.2. Análisis del Comportamiento de la Demanda Actual .................................................... 37 Tabla No 4. Número de Visitantes / Turistas a la Reserva Maquipucuna de
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