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Home , Andean emerald, Andean guan, Andean solitaire, Bangsia, Brown inca, Brown violetear

: THE NORTHWESTERN ANDEAN SLOPES

NOVEMBER 9–17, 2019

Velvet-purple Coronet © David O. Wilbur

LEADER: PAUL GREENFIELD LIST COMPILED BY: PAUL GREENFIELD

VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM

ECUADOR: THE NORTHWESTERN ANDEAN SLOPES NOVEMBER 9–17, 2019 By Paul Greenfield

Shining Sunbeam/Yanacocha Reserve © Paul J. Greenfield

Despite an intense few weeks of heavy rainfall and thick fog in the Northwestern region of Ecuador, our Northwestern Andean Slopes Tour managed to escape the ‘bad’ weather for the most part of our adventure… well, all but on our first afternoon when a ‘diluvial’ downpour converted the Paseo del Quinde Ecoroute into veritable white-water rapids! Overall, it did seem that many were impacted by these severe climate conditions, although in spite of these uncontrollable conditions, we enjoyed a very successful experience, as can always be expected in this avian mega-rich country. This year’s itinerary took us to many excellent sites, including Yanacocha Reserve, San Tadeo Birding (“Casa Rolando”), Milpe Bird Sanctuary, Amagusa-Mashpi Reserve, Refugio Paz de las Aves, Milpe Gardens, Río Silanche Bird Sanctuary, Suamox, “los Loros Locos,” the Paseo del Quinde Ecoroute,

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 2 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 Bellavista Cloud Reserve, Puyucunapi, and Alambi Reserve, with six nights at our ‘hub,’ Séptimo Paraíso. An important part of this region’s allure are the inspiring locally-run birding ‘enterprises’ that have sprouted throughout this zone—we visited many of them and were duly impressed to say the least!

Highlights and memorable moments were many and began piling up almost immediately as we headed up to over 11,000 ft. altitude to Yanacocha Reserve, flushing a Short-eared Owl on the way. We were greeted instantly by a spectacle of whirring wings, color, and constant activity; a hefty Andean was the first visitor to show itself at the plantain feeders, while the nectar feeders were ablaze with a Tyrian , Sapphire-vented , Shining Sunbeams, Buff-winged Starfrontlets, a bizarre Sword-billed , and several Great Sapphirewings that dizzied us as they fed, fought, and jetted about around us. Some of the additional species that came to the plantains and ‘bird-bath’ (an old tire filled with rain-water) to offer generous point-blank views included a Tawny , Gray-browed and a pair of Yellow-breasted (Rufous-naped) brushfinches, an out-of-range pair of White-lined , Black-chested and Scarlet-bellied mountain-tanagers, along with Glossy and Masked (by the dozens!). We eventually pulled ourselves away from this ‘catwalk’ and took the main trail to another set of nectar feeders, with additional looks at many of the

Black-chested Mountain-/Yanacocha © Paul J. Greenfield species we had already encountered but adding several others—including a close but (unfortunately) unsatisfactory view at the rare, endemic and Critically Endangered Black- breasted Puffleg along with good looks at Golden-breasted Puffleg, Rufous Antpitta, Rufous , and Spectacled Whitestart (Redstart). After sitting down for our field lunch back at the first feeders (with more fine ), we headed off down slope towards our final destination. As we descended, we spotted a perched Plumbeous Pigeon, a Black Phoebe, and a White- capped Dipper at a local trout farm along the Ecoroute before torrential rain rendered any hope of actually birding impossible (perhaps Class V white-water rafting would have been our Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 3 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 best option!). The rain eventually subsided to a mere drizzle as we neared our lodge— Séptimo Paraíso—and a recent boreal migrant arrival Broad-winged Hawk perched calmly right along the road. We settled in to our center of operations, did our first day’s checklist, enjoyed dinner, and, well…“let the games begin.”

Our following morning, and day, could be labeled as a somewhat easy intro to Ecuador’s west slope. We began with a pre-breakfast walk; then afterwards we drove over to Milpe Bird Sanctuary; and after lunch back at Séptimo we drove a short way over to ‘Casa Rolando’ (San Tadeo Birding). We enjoyed some close looks and an exhilarating warm-up to what was to come: Band-tailed Pigeons and White-tipped Dove; galore, including White- whiskered ; Lesser (Green) ; Green Thorntails; Violet-tailed Sylphs (so cool!); Brown Inca; Buff-tailed and (mind-blowing!) Velvet-purple coronets; charming (White-) Booted Racket-tails; Purple-bibbed Whitetips; Fawn-breasted, Green-crowned, and (the rather scarce) Empress brilliants; only 1 Purple-throated Woodstar; Crowned Woodnymphs; Andean Emeralds; and Rufous-tailed Hummingbirds; flocks of Cattle Egrets; Roadside Hawk; Red- headed Barbets; Pale-mandibled (Collared) Araçaris; Yellow-throated (Chestnut-mandibled) ; Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner; Red-faced Spinetails; Ornate Flycatcher; Black-and- white ; Brown-capped and Chiví (Red-eyed) ; Swainson’s and Ecuadorian thrushes; Thick-billed and Orange-bellied euphonias; Tricolored (Chocó) Brushfinch; Scrub Blackbird; Chocó (Golden-bellied) Warbler; Slate-throated Whitestart (Redstart); Ochre- breasted Tanager; White-lined and Lemon- (Flame-) rumped tanagers; Blue-winged and Black-chinned mountain-tanagers; Blue-gray, Palm, Rufous-throated, Golden-naped, Black- capped, Flame-faced, Golden, and Silver-throated tanagers; Green ; Masked ; Variable Seedeater; Bananaquit; along with Buff-throated and Black-winged saltators also among the species we were overwhelmed by.

Blue-winged Mountain-Tanager © David O. Wilbur

The following morning we headed out fairly early for a drive northward and slightly farther west to Amagusa-Mashpi Reserve, where a very sweet local couple are creating what I can only describe as a “great birding experience.” Doris greeted us, as did a parade of colorful

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 4 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 forest denizens, which included many more, and even closer looks, at some of the special hummingbirds we saw yesterday. Special highlights included close studies of a Crimson- rumped Toucanet; a breathtaking pair of Barbets; Moss-backed, Glistening-green, and more Rufous-throated tanagers; Black-chinned Mountain-Tanagers; Golden-collared Honeycreepers; and Black-winged Saltators along with many other species. A Golden- headed rocketed past us too! Then along the road we picked up Wedge-billed Woodcreeper, Spotted Barbtail, Common Tody-Flycatcher, Tawny-breasted Flycatcher, a foraging pair of Orange-breasted Fruiteaters, Golden-winged , Cinnamon Becard, Yellow-throated Chlorospingus (Bush-Tanager), Three-striped Warblers, a responsive, entertaining, and displaying Club-winged , and a lovely active . After some waiting, a White-tipped Sicklebill paid its respects to a cluster of Heliconia flowers…a real treat! In the afternoon, back at Séptimo Paraíso, a pair of Crested Guans and a Tawny-bellied Hermit showed themselves.

Toucan Barbet © Paul J. Greenfield

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 5 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019

Orange-breasted Fruiteater © Paul J. Greenfield

Our morning at ‘Refugio Paz de las Aves’ was truly memorable indeed with, among the many sightings, splendid views of an active Lek of Andean Cocks-of-the-rock (just for starters!), an adorable pair of Dark-backed Wood-Quails, flower-puncturing White-throated Wedgebills, a full-on view of Golden-headed Quetzal, a nesting pair of Masked , and the main show—Giant (“María”), Chestnut-crowned (“Andreita”), Yellow-breasted (“Wilemina”), and a pair of Ochre-breasted (“Chaquira” and her boy-friend) —which entailed moving from place to place while we waited for Angel and his brother Rodrigo to do their magic…true Antpitta-whisperers! Other ‘new’ species seen there included Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner, White-winged Brushfinch, Blackburnian Warblers, a male Summer Tanager, Golden , and Blue-winged Mountain-Tanagers, many seen as we enjoyed a late home- made breakfast of ‘Bolón de Verde’ and ‘Empanadas de Viento.’ The following day took us to two lower elevation, tropical lowland sites—Río Silanche Bird Sanctuary and Suamox— where we first hung-out for much of the morning atop their canopy tower, reveling in some super close looks at whatever came our way…which was a lot. Ruddy and the Chocó endemic Dusky pigeons, Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift, Purple-crowned Fairy (perched), Blue- chested and Purple-chested hummingbirds, Broad-billed Motmot, a pair of White-necked Puffbirds, Chocó Toucan, Black-cheeked , a fly-by Lineated Woodpecker, Blue-

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 6 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019

Giant Antpitta (“María”) at Refugio Paz de las Aves © Paul J. Greenfield

Headed and Bronze-winged parrots, a band of Chocó (Maroon-tailed) Parakeets, Streak- headed Woodcreeper, Boat-billed and Rusty-margined flycatchers, Masked Tityra, a pair of the scarce Slaty Becard, an amazingly close Slaty-capped -, Chiví Vireo, and a Tropical . Later we walked the reserve’s main forest trail where we encountered Check-throated and White-flanked antwrens; Plain Xenops; Yellow-crowned, Sooty-headed, and Chocó tyrannulets; Ochre-breasted Flycatcher; more Common Tody-Flycatchers; a male White-bearded Manakin; a singing Northern ; an entertaining pair of Tawny-faced Gnatwrens; White-shouldered, Blue-necked, amazing Rufous-winged, and Bay-headed tanagers (among many others); pairs of Yellow-tufted and Blue dacnises; as well as Purple and Green honeycreepers. Along the entrance road we also encountered Smooth-billed Anis, Pale-vented Pigeons, a very accommodating White-throated Crake, Pacific (Pale-legged) Horneros, Shiny Cowbirds, Scrub Blackbirds, Blue-black Grassquits, Variable Seedeater, and Yellow-bellied Seedeaters. We then drove a short distance to Suamox, a lovely property

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 7 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 owned by some good friends, with well-kept tropical gardens, and with delicious tropical fruit ices they prepare on-site. Among the species we came across there were a close pair of Hook-billed Kites, a soaring Swallow-tailed Kite as we arrived, Rufous Motmot, Golden-olive that showed up at their plantain feeders (among several additional species), Social Flycatchers, and Cinnamon Becard.

The following morning we made a visit to the property of other friends, actually ex-VENT clients who fell in love with Ecuador some years ago and have since made the Mindo área their home. What a pleasant morning…adding , a Gorgeted , and Speckled Hummingbirds (additions to a packed set of néctar feeders), and a Montane Woodcreeper. Then, after almost giving up, an incredible pair of Plate-billed Mountain- Toucans came down to their plantain feeders, offering special views for all; and most surprisingly…an Orange-breasted Falcon (only very rarely encountered along the western slopes of the Ecuadorian !) that was busily de-pluming some avian prey atop a dead palm trunk. Nice! The afternoon, back at Séptimo Paraíso, gave us time to leisurely enjoy the nectar feeders there to review the many species we had seen over the past few days, adding a Brown Violetear to the sixteen species of hummers that swarm this site alone.

Alas, our final day had snuck-up on us. We initiated our return to the capital city of Quito after breakfast (and some special looks at Blue-necked Tanagers, Black-winged Saltators, and a collection of other species that seemed to come by to wish us farewell) and headed up and over the lower sector of the Paseo del Quinde Ecoroute, making a few planned and unplanned birding stops—we ran into a small mixed-species foraging-flock with Black- chinned Mountain-Tanagers and Beryl-spangled Tanager, among several other species. As we advanced along the ecoroute, we stopped to revel in the panoramic vistas and observe White-collared Swifts, another male Golden-headed Quetzal, a family foursome show of Strong-billed Woodcreepers, Smoke-colored Pewee, a pair of Golden-crowned Flycatchers, finally a group of 10 Blue-and-white Swallows (just to show how the recent climate situation has imposed its effects!), followed by a pair of Hooded Mountain-Tanagers (scoped as they preened high in the forest canopy). We stopped for a coffee/tea break at Bellavista Cloud Forest Lodge while we checked out the always busy hummingbird action at their nectar feeders, adding more Speckled Hummingbirds, close studies of a Gorgeted Sunangel, dozens of Buff-tailed Coronets, a pair of neatly dressed Collared Incas, White-sided Flowerpiercers, and Blue-winged Mountain-Tanagers along with many ‘old friends.’ We continued along the route and stopped off to have our field lunch at Puyucunapi Reserve, where we saw a dazzling Velvet-purple Coronet. We then advanced down slope to our final stop at Alambi Cloud Forest Reserve, which has set up what may well be the most hummingbird-thick garden of all, with a veritable swarm of buzzing wings belonging to some sixteen species, including Sparkling, Lesser, and Brown violetears, and a female Western Emerald; at the plantain feeders (as if we didn’t have enough to look at already), a threesome of Red-headed Barbets, a Golden-olive Woodpecker, and a Chestnut-capped Brushfinch joined the action with some 15 other species. All-in-all, a fitting finale to a great trip—great birds, great experiences, and of course, great people to share it all with!

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 8 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019

Rufous-throated and Golden tanagers/Amagusa Reserve © Paul J. Greenfield

ITINERARY

Nov. 09 – Arrival in Quito Nov. 10 – Departure from Quito; to Yanacocha (3,300m) through midday; drive via El Paseo del Quinde Ecoroute to Séptimo Paraíso (1,500m) through a very heavy downpour Nov. 11 – Pre-breakfast birding at Séptimo Paraíso (1500m); midmorning at Milpe Bird Sanctuary (1,075m); midday at Séptimo Paraíso; afternoon at ‘Casa Rolando’/ AKA San Tadeo Birding( 1,600m). Nov. 12 – Much of the day at Amagusa-Mashpi Reserve (1,300m) Nov. 13 – Morning at Paz Refugio de las Aves (& second breakfast!) with Angel & Rodrigo Paz (1,700m); midday at Séptimo Paraíso; afternoon birding at Milpe Gardens (1,075m) Nov. 14 – Drive to and birding at Río Silanche Bird Sanctuary (350m); afternoon stop at Suamox

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 9 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 Nov. 15 – Drive along El Paseo del Quinde Ecoroute and visit at ”Los Loros Locos” (home of Karen & Gary Schiltz) (2000m); afternoon at Séptimo Paraíso Nov. 16 – Return to Quito via El Paseo del Quinde Ecoroute; birding with stops at Bellavista, Puyucunapi for lunch, and Alambi Cloud Forest Reserve. Return to Quito for our final checklist session and our farewell dinner at Salsa Restaurant Nov. 17 – Departure home

Crimson-rumped Toucanet at Amagusa Reserve © David O. Wilbur

BIRDS

KEY: H = Heard only Names in bold = Species of special interest

Yanacocha = YC Bellavista Cloud Forest Reserve = B Paseo del Quinde Ecoroute = E Séptimo Paraíso = SP Milpe Bird Sanctuary = MS Milpe Gardens = MG “Casa Rolando” = CR Amagusa/Mashpi Reserve = AM Río Silanche Bird Sanctuary = RS Refugio Paz de las Aves = RP ‘Los Loros Locos’ = LL Alambi Cloud Forest Reserve = AL Suamox = SU

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 10 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019

Plate-billed Mountain-Toucan at ‘Los Loros Locos’ © Paul J. Greenfield

CURASSOWS & GUANS: Andean Guan ( montagnii )—At least 1 was seen well at YC Crested Guan (Penelope purpurascens )—A pair was encountered at RP; another 1 was seen at SP Wattled Guan ( Aburria aburri )—H at SP

NEW WORLD QUAIL: ODONTOPHORIDAE Dark-backed Wood-Quail (Odontophorus melanonotus )—3 seen at point blank at RP PIGEONS & DOVES: Rock Pigeon ( Columba livia )—Generally in the Quito area and around towns

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 11 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 Pale-vented Pigeon ( cayennensis)—2 seen along RS entrance road Band-tailed Pigeon ( Patagioenas fasciata )— 3-4 were seen at SP; another 2 at AM, and 2 more along E Plumbeous Pigeon ( Patagioenas plumbea)—1 was seen perched along E on our first day Ruddy Pigeon (Patagioenas subvinacea)—H at MS; a pair was seen close-up from the canopy tower at RS Dusky Pigeon (Patagioenas goodsoni )—A pair was seen close-up from the canopy tower at RS (a Chocó bioregional endemic species) White-tipped Dove ( Leptotila verreauxi )—Singles were seen along E on our 1 st and last days, at SP, and at AM White-throated Quail-Dove ( Geotrygon frenata )—1 was seen at plantain feeder at RP Eared Dove ( Zenaida auriculata )—A common highland species, generally encountered in Quito and throughout the central (interAndean) valley

CUCKOOS: CUCULIDAE Smooth-billed Ani ( Crotophaga ani )—Only 3 were seen by our group en route to AM along the road in shrubby pastureland Squirrel Cuckoo ( cayana )—Singles were seen, 1 very well at LL; another briefly at AL

SWIFTS: APODIDAE White-collared Swift ( Streptoprocne zonaris )—The largest American swift; only encountered along E on our last field day; many (30+) were seen gliding about in loose feeding ‘mode’

HUMMINGBIRD: TROCHILIDAE White-necked Jacobin (Florisuga mellivora )—Quite numerous at lower elevations; observed repeatedly at nectar feeders at SP, CR, MS, RP, MG, SU, and AL White-tipped Sicklbill (Eutoxeres aquila )— 1 was finally observed at AM, at Heliconia flowers along the road White-whiskered Hermit (Phaethornis yaruqui )—Quite a few seen; 1-2 on four days at SP, MS; RP, MG, and AL Tawny-bellied Hermit (Phaethornis syrmatophorus )—Singles were seen at SP (repeatedly) on two days, and at AL White-throated Wedgebill (Schistes albogularis )—Recently split from what was called Wedge-billed Hummingbird. A pair of this, now considered a Chocó bioregional endemic, was seen well at RP, puncturing flowers as is characteristic with this species (and ) Brown Violetear ( Colibri delphinae )—1 was seen at SP: 3 or so at AL feeders; one individual was snapping up ( Colibri cyanotus )—Resently split from what was called Green Violetear. Singles were seen at CR and B Sparkling Violetear ( Colibri coruscans )—Only 1 was seen at AL feeders Purple-crowned Fairy (Heliothryx barroti )—1 perched bird was scoped from the RS canopy tower Gorgeted Sunangel (Heliangelus strophianus )—Singles were encountered at LL and B Green Thorntail (Popelairia conversii )—Fairly common at feeders at lower elevation sites; 5 at MS, 5 at AM, and 2 at MG Speckled Hummingbird ( Adelomyia melanogenys )—4-6 or so were seen at LL and B feeders Violet-tailed Sylph (Aglaiocercus coelestis )—This stunning Chocó bioregional endemic (both ♂♂ and ♀♀) was admired on five days at SP, CR, AP, AM, B, and LL Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 12 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 Tyrian Metaltail ( Metallura tyrianthina )—Only 2 ♂♂ were seen at YC Black-breasted Puffleg ( nigrivestis )—1 of this very rare and endangered endemic species was seen only briefly at a YC feeder by PJG and Caryl Sapphire-vented Puffleg ( Eriocnemis luciani )—3 or so were seen repeatedly at YC Golden-breasted Puffleg (Eriocnemis mosquera )—1 of this local and inconspicuous species was seen a few times at YC feeders Shining Sunbeam (Aglaeactis cupripennis )—At least 2 were seen close-up at YC feeders Brown Inca ( wilsoni )—2-3 or so were seen on four days at SP, CR, AM, LL and AL, mostly at feeders Collared Inca (Coeligena torquata )—A pair of this dapper montane species was seen at B feeders Buff-winged Starfrontlet (Coeligena lutetiae )—20 or so overwhelmed YC feeders Sword-billed Hummingbird (Ensifera ensifera )—1 of this ‘unworldly’ Andean hummer was seen several times at YC feeders Great Sapphirewing (Pterophanes cyanopterus )—8 of this, the World’s 2nd largest hummer were seen repeatedly at YC feeders Buff-tailed Coronet ( Boissonneaua flavescens )—Perhaps the most common mid-elevation Andean hummingbird; 30 or so at B, 10-12 at LL, and 3 at CR… hard to forget those cinnamon ‘wing-pits‘ and glittering chartreuse faces Velvet-purple Coronet (Boissoneaua jardini )—This spectacular Chocó-Andea bioregional endemic was encountered on four days; only 1 briefly at SP, 6 at CR, 6-8 at AM, 1 or so at LL, and perhaps the most eye-catching was 1 perched atop a beautiful red flower at Puyucunapi. Purple, turquoise, green black and chestnut… dazzling!! Booted Racket-tail (Ocreatus underwoodii )—Now split from east slope populations, by some authors, and then called White-booted Racket-tail . Between 2-5 or so were seen on four days; SP (4 or so), RP (2+), and AL (at least 5). So adorable, ♂♂ with big white cotton ‘ankle’-puffs and racketed tail Purple-bibbed Whitetip (Urosticte benjamini )—A generally scarce Chocó bioregional endemic, except at nectar feeders. 4 at CR, 4 at SP, 3-4 at AM, and at least 1 at RP Fawn-breasted Brilliant ( Heliodoxa rubinoides )—Generally common in the subtropics, where encountered at CR, RP, LL, SP, and AL Green-crowned Brilliant ( Heliodoxa jacula )—Common; at SP, MS, CR, RP, MG, and AL Empress Brilliant (Heliodoxa emperatrix )—This generally scarce Chocó bioregional endemic was encountered at feeders at CR, AM (4 or so), RP (2), LL (3), SP (2), and Puyucunapi (1♂) Purple-throated Woodstar (Calliflox mitchellii )—1♂ was seen briefly at CR; otherwise surprisingly absent except at AL, where at least 15 were seen Western Emerald (Chlorostilbon melanorhynchus )—1♀ was seen repeatedly at AL Crowned Woodnymph (Thalurania colombica )—Formally split, and called Green-crowned Woodnymph ( T. fannyi ). Common at lower elevation feeders at SP, MS, MG, and AL. ♂♂ are specacularly vibrant! Andean Emerald ( franciae )—Fairly common at CR, AM, SP, MS, MG, LL, and AL Blue-chested Hummingbird ( Amazilia amabilis )—1 was seen at RS Purple-chested Hummingbird ( Amazilia rosenbergi )—At least 1 of this Chocó bioregional endemic was seen at RS from the canopy tower Rufous-tailed Hummingbird ( Amazilia tzacatl )—A widespread, humid western lowland species; seen repeatedly at SP, MS, SU, MG, and AL

RAILS, GALLINULES & COOTS: RALLIDAE Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 13 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 White-throated Crake (Laterallus albigularis )—1 obliging bird came out to the road twice along the Río Silanche entrance road; nice looks from the van!

HERONS & BITTERNS: ARDEIDAE Snowy Egret ( Egretta thula )—1 was seen at fish ponds along the road to Río Silanche Cattle Egret ( Bubulcus ibis )—Morning/afternoon flocks were seen on four days at SP

AMERICAN VULTURES: CATHARTIDAE Black Vulture ( Coragyps) atratus )—Common throughout; seen on all but our first day Vulture ( Cathartes aura )—2-5 or so were seen on three days at RP, RS, SU, and AL

KITES, EAGLES & HAWKS: ACCIPITRIDAE Hook-billed Kite (Leptodon cayanensis )—A cool perched pair was seen at SU; The ♂ was seen close-up at eye-level, while the ♀ was seen iin a nearby tall tree Swallow-tailed Kite (Elanoides forficatus )—1 soaring bird was seen well at SU Roadside Hawk ( Rupornis magnirostris )—1-2 were seen on several days; generally fairly common at lower elevations Broad-winged Hawk ( Buteo platypterus )—Singles were seen on two days; Along E and near RP; seems like this boreal migrant is just arriving in the area

OWLS: STRIGIDAE Cloud-forest Pygmy-Owl ( Glaucidium nubicola )—H at RP Short-eared Owl ( Asio flammeus )—1 was flushed from a fence post en route to YC. This is an Ecuadorian resident race

QUETZALS & TROGONS: TROGONIDAE Golden-headed Quetzal ( auriceps )—H at SP; 1 ♂ was seen briefly in flight AM; another was seen well at RP; still another ♂ was seen even better, perched on a street-light near SP on our final day Chocó ( Trogon comptus )—Some authors use the ‘old’ name, Blue-tailed Trogon. H repeatedly at RS White-tailed Trogon (Trogon chionurus )—H repeatedly at RS Masked Trogon (Trogon personatus )—A pair was seen well at RP

MOTMOTS: MOMOTIDAE Rufous Motmot (Baryphthengus martii )—H at dawn at SP; 1 was seen well at SU Broad-billed Motmot (Electron platyrhynchum )—1 was scoped from the canopy tower at RS PUFFBIRDS: BUCCONIDAE White-Necked Puffbird (Notharchus hyperrhynchus )—A pair called in beautifully from the RS canopy tower

BARBETS: CAPITONIDAE Red-headed Barbet (Eubucco bourcierii )—Several encountered ( H often): 3 were seen up close at MS feeders; 1♀ was seen at RS; 2 at B and 3 (including 2 juvenile ♂♂) were seen at AL

TOUCAN-BARBETS: SEMNORNITHIDAE Toucan Barbet (Semnornis ramphastinus )—A pair came in close at AM; H at RP. A super Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 14 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 Chocó-Andean bioregional endemic specialty!

TOUCANS: RAMPHASTIDAE Crimson-rumped Toucanet (Aulacorhynchus haematopygus )—Singles were seen close- AM and RP feeders Plate-billed Mountain-Toucan (Andigena laminirostris )—After quite a wait, 2 came in to LL plantain feeders, gifting us wonderful views at this very special Chocó-Andean bioregional endemic specialty! Pale-mandibled Araçari (Pteroglossus erythropygius )—Aka Collared Araçari (P. torquatus ) when lumped by some authors; P. erythropygius is a bioregional endemic. 4 came in close to MS plantain feeders; 3 were encountered at RP; and another 3-4 were seen at RS Yellow-throated Toucan (Ramphastos ambiguous swainsonii )—Aka Chestnut-mandibled Toucan (R. swainsonii ) when considered a separate species from the east-slope Black-mandibled Toucan ( R. ambiguous ). 1 was seen at SP; also, another was seen (others H) at RS, from the canopy tower Chocó Toucan (Ramphastos brevis )—This Chocó bioregional endemic is often sympatric (found in overlapping distribution) with Yellow-throated/Chestnut-mandibled Toucan. H at RS and MS; 1 was scoped from the RS canopy tower

WOODPECKERS: PICIDAE Olivaceous Piculet ( Picumnus olivaceus )—H (very close-by) at AM Black-cheeked Woodpecker ( Melanerpes pucherani )—Singles were seen at RS and SU Guayaquil Woodpecker ( gayaquilensis )—H at RS Lineated Woodpecker ( Dryocopus lineatus )—1 was seen briefly as it flew right by us at the RS canopy tower Golden-olive Woodpecker (Colaptes rubiginosus )—A pair was seen from the RS canopy Tower; another came in to plantain feeders at AL

FALCONS & CARACARAS: FALCONIDAE Orange-breasted Falcon (Falco deiroleucus )—1 of this scarce (one of only a scant few records from western Ecuador) falcon was seen, scoped—and also photographed by David—while chowing-down on an unidentified avian prey atop a dead palm trunk.

PARROTS & MACAWS: PSITTACIDAE Blue-headed Parrot (pionus menstruus )—1 was studied as it perched for a long time atop a palm stalk; scoped from the RS canopy tower Bronze-winged Parrot (Pionus chalcopterus )—H at MS: then 2 were enjoyed up close from the RS canopy tower; a chocó bioregional endemic species Maroon-tailed Parakeet ( P. melanura )—Also considered a separate species as Chocó Parakeet (Pyrhurra pacifica) and thus considered a Chocó bioregional endemic. A band of 8 flew past us at the RS canopy tower

TYPICAL ANTBIRDS: THAMNOPHILIDAE Checker-throated Antwren (Epinecrophylla fulviventris )—1♀ was seen a few times in an understory flock at RS White-flanked Antwren (Myrmotherula axillaris )—2♂♂ were seen well in an understory flock at RS

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 15 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 ANTPITTAS: FORMICARIIDAE Undulated Antpitta ( squamigera )—H a few times at YC (Grallaria gigantea )—Super looks at “María” (others H) at RP Chestnut-crowned Antpitta (Grallaria ruficapillus )—‘Andreíta’ came in obligingly at RP Yellow-breasted Antpitta (Grallaria flavotincta )—“Wilamina 2” followed ‘Andreíta’ on the same log at RP Rufous Antpitta (Grallaria rufula )—1 was seen rummaging about along a trail at YC Tawny Antpitta (Grallaria quitensis )—3 separate individuals were seen well at YC Ochre-breasted Antpitta (Grallaricula fñavirostris )—“Shakira”, and her botfriend were seen well at RP

TAPACULOS: RHINOCRYPTIDAE Ocellated Tapaculo ( Acropternis orthonyx )—H a few times at YC

ANTTHRUSHES: FORMICARIIDAE Black-headed Antthrush ( Formicarius nigricapillus )—H at RS Rufous-breasted Antthrush ( Formicarius rufipectus )—H on two mornings at SP

OVENBIRDS: FURNARIIDAE Wedge-billed Woodcreeper ( Glyphorhynchus spirurus )—Singles were seen at AM and SP Strong-billed Woodcreeper (Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus )—A cool family foursome were seen foraging from tree-trunk to tree-trunk along E Spotted Woodcreeper ( Xiphorhynchus erythropygius )—H at RS Streak-headed Woodcreeper ( Lepidocolaptes souleyetii )—1 was seen well at RS Montane Woodcreeper ( Lepidocolaptes lacrymiger )—2 were seen at SP; another 1 was encountered encountered along E on our last afternoon Plain Xenops (Xenops minutus )—2 were seen well with an understory flock at RS Pale-legged Hornero ( Furnarius leucopus )—Aka Pacific Hornero (F. cinnamomeus ) when Pacific coastal population is (logically) split from Amazonian birds, thus considered a Tumbesian bioregional endemic. 2 were seen strutting along the roadside en route to RS; Also, another 1 was seen at SU Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner ( Philydor rufus )—Only 1 was encountered at MS Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner ( Anabacerthia variegaticeps )—Singles were seen RP and SP Spotted Barbtail (Premnoplex brunnescens )—1 was seen foraging in the understory AM Red-faced Spinetail ( Cranioleuca erythrops )—A family threesome was seen at RS on two days

TYRANT FLYCATCHERS: TYRANNIDAE Yellow-Crowned Tyrannulet ( Tyrannulus elatus )—2 were seen at RS (also H) Ochre-bellied Flycatcher ( Mionectes oleagineus )—1 was seen and scoped for great looks at MS Sooty-headed Tyrannulet ( Phyllomyias griseiceps )—A pair was seen in canopy at RS, from the canopy tower Chocó Tyrannulet (Zimmerius albigularis )—Formally considered a race of Golden-faced Tyrannulet ( Z. chrysops )—At least 1 was seen repeatedly from the RS canopy tower Ornate Flycatcher (Myiotriccus ornatus )—Only 1 of this charming flycatcher were seen at SP; surprisingly absent this trip Common Tody-Flycatcher ( Todirostrum cinereum )—1 was seen at AM, and 3 were Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 16 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 observed at RP/SU Tawny-breasted Flycatcher (Myiobius villosus )—Nice looks at 1 quietly perched bird at AM Smoke-colored Pewee ( Contopus fumigatus)—1 was seen along E on our final morning Western Wood-Pewee ( Contopus sordidulus )—1 of this apparently recent arrived boreal migrant was seen at RS Black Phoebe ( Sayornis nigricans )—Only 1 was seen along E on our first day Bright-rumped Attila (Attila spadiceus )—H at MS and en route to RS Dusky-capped Flycatcher ( Myiarchus tuberculifer )—1 was seen at SP lodge Boat-billed Flycatcher ( Megarhynchus pitangua )—Only 1 was seen from the RS canopy tower Rusty-margined Flycatcher ( Myiozetetes cayanensis )—5 or so were seen at and en route to RS Social Flycatcher ( Myiozetetes similis )—A pair, at least was seen at SU Golden-crowned Flycatcher ( Myiodynastes chrysocephalus )—2 were seen; along E and at B Tropical Kingbird ( Tyrannus melancholicus )—A commonly encountered lower elevation species; several seen on only three days; mostly at RS, SU and along E, also en route to AM

COTINGA: COTINGIDAE Orange-breasted Fruiteater (Pipreola jucunda )—A pair was seen at AM (♂ seen best) ; a Chocó bioregional endemic specialty Andean Cock-of-the-rock (Rupicola peruviana )—At least 4 ♂♂ were seen displaying at their Lek (after waiting a bit, this time) at RP Purple-throated Fruitcrow ( Querula purpurata )—H at RS

MANAKINS: PIPRIDAE Golden-winged Manakin (Masius chrysopterus )—1♀ was seen at SP, then a few ♂♂ were seen well in fruiting Miconia trees at AM White-bearded Manakin ( Manacus manacus )—1 curious ♂ showed itself to Caryl and PJG at RS, otherwise only H briefly Club-winged Manakin (Machaeropterus deliciosus )—1 displaying ♂ came in for nice looks at AM; a very special Chocó bioregional endemic!

TITYRAS & ALLIES: Masked Tityra ( Tityra semifasciata )—1♀ was seen at SP Northern Schiffornis (Schiffornis veraepacis )—1 singing bird was scoped through dense undergrowth at RS Slaty Becard (Pachyramphus spodiurus )—A pair was seen well from the canopy tower at RS; this relatively rare and threatened Tumbbesian bioregional endemic species was seen with a mixed-species foraging-flock Cinnamon Becard ( Pachyramphus cinnamomeus )—Singles were seen at SP and SU Black-and-white Becard ( Pachyramphus albogriseus )—1♂ was seen at SP

VIREOS & ALLIES: VIREONIDAE Slaty-capped Shrike-Vireo (Vireolanius leucotis )—1 was seen close-up at the RS canopy tower Lesser Greenlet ( Pachysylvia decurtata )—H at RS Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 17 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 Brown-capped Vireo ( Vireo leucophrys )— Singles were seen at SP and MS Chiví Vireo ( Vireo chivi)—Recently split from boreal migrant Red-eyed Vireo ( V. olivaceus). 1-3 were seen on four days; at MS, AM, and RS mainly

CROWS, JAYS & MAGPIES: CORVIDAE Turquoise Jay (Cyanolyca turcosa )—H along E on our first (diluvial!) day

SWALLOWS: HIRUNDINIDAE Blue-and-white Swallow ( Notiochelidon cyanoleuca )—Only 10 or so were seen on our last day; usually common and widespread in Ecuador Southern Rough-winged Swallow (Stelgidopteryx ruficollis )—Only 3 were seen en route to RS

WRENS: TROGLODYTIDAE House Wren ( Troglodytes aedon )—H on two days, around SP lodge Bay Wren ( Cantorchilus nigricapillus )—H at AM and MG Rufous Wren ( olivascens )—Only 1 was seen briefly (others H) at YC Gray-breasted Wood-Wren (Henicorhina leucophrys )—Mostly H on four days; 1 was seen well in hedgerows at

GNATCATCHERS: POLIOPTILIDAE Tawny-faced Gnatwren (Microbates cinereiventris )—A cute pare was seen well in dense understory at RS Tropical Gnatcatcher ( plumbea )—1 was seen close-up a few times from the RS canopy tower DIPPERS: CINCLIDAE White-capped Dipper (Cinclus leucocephalus )—1 was seen at a trout farm along E

THRUSHES & ALLIES: TURDIDAE Andean (Myiadestes ralloides )—H along E on our last morning Spotted Nightingale- ( Catharus dryas )—H at MG Swainson’s Thrush ( Catharus ustulatus )—Between 1-5 or so of this boreal migrant were seen daily (also H often )on four days; at SP, MS, CR, RP, LL, B, and AL Ecuadorian Thrush (Turdus maculirostris )—Between 1-2 were seen at CR, RP, SU, LL, SP Great Thrush ( Turdus fuscater )—A common highland species, 5 or so were seen on our first day

FINCHES, EUPHONIAS & ALLIES: FRINGILLIDAE Thick-billed Euphonia ( Euphonia laniirostris )—A common lower elevation euphonia; many were seen, and repeatedly, especially at feeders; MS; CR, MG, SU, SP, and AL Orange-bellied Euphonia ( Euphonia xanthogaster )—Fairly common and widespread in Ecuador; seen on all but our first day (especially at feeders); MS; CR, AM, MG, SU, SP, and AL

NEW WORLD SPARROWS & ALLIES: PASSERELLIDAE Yellow-throated Chlorospingus ( Chlorospingus flavigularis )—Aka ‘Bush-Tanager’; species in this genus have recently removed from Tanagers, so the group name ‘Bush-Tanager’ is no longer used by some authors. 3-5 were seen at Am Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 18 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 Gray-browed Brushfinch (Arremon assimilis )—Formally Stripe-headed Brushfinch ( A. torquatus). Apair was seen repeatedly at plantain feeders at YC Chestnut-capped Brushfinch (Arremon brunneinucha )—1 brief but good view at AL feeders Rufous-collared Sparrow ( Zonotrichia capensis )—A common highland to mid-elevation species throughout the Andes; many seen on all but one day Tricolored Brushfinch (Atlapetes tricolor )—Aka Chocó Brushfinch , and thus considered a Chocó bioregional endemic. 1 was seen at briefly at SP Yellow-breasted Brushfinch ( Atlapetes latinuchus )—Aka (formally) Rufous-naped Brushfinch. At least 4 were seen well at YC White-winged Brushfinch (Atlapetes leucopterus )—1 was seen sneaking around RP feeders; an interAndean Valleys bioregional endemic species

TROUPIALS & ALLIES: ICTERIDAE Scarlet-rumped Cacique ( Cacicus uropygialis )—H at RS Shiny Cowbird ( Molothrus bonariensis )—3 were seen seen en route to RS Scrub Blackbird (Dives warszewiczi )—Singles of this Tumbesian bioregional endemic species were seen at CR feeders and en route to RS and at SU

NEW WORLD WARBLERS: PARULIDAE Blackburnian Warbler ( Setophaga fusca )—Few of this rather common boreal migrant were seen this trip; 3 at RP; 1 seen briefly along E on our last days Three-striped Warbler ( Basileuterus tristriatus )—3 were seen at AM Chocó Warbler (Myiothypis chlorophrys )—Also sometimes considered a race of Golden- bellied Warbler ( M. chrysogaster ) by some authors, although and voice is very distinct. Chocó Warbler is a Chocó bioregional endemic species. 1 was seen well at MS Slate-throated Whitestart ( Myioborus miniatus )— Aka “Redstart”, though they show no red in its plumage! Only singles, of this otherwise rather common mixed flock participant at lower elevations, were seen at SP and MG Spectacled Whitestart ( Myioborus melanocephalus )— Aka “Redstart”, though they show no red in its plumage! Only 1 was seen briefly at YC; otherwise a rather common mixed flock participant at higher elevations

CARDINALS & ALLIES: CARDINALIDAE Summer Tanager ( Piranga rubra )—Species of the genus Piranga are no longer considered to be tanagers! Only 1 ♂ of this generally rather common boreal migrant was seen at RP. Ochre-breasted Tanager ( Chlorothraupis stolzmanni )—At least 1, in a group of 4 or so, was seen working through the understory at MS; a Chocó bioregional endemic species Golden ( chrysogaster )—Formally called Southern Yellow-Grosbeak. 1 ♀ was seen well (and photographed) at RP plantain feeders

TANAGERS & ALLIES: THRAUPIDAE White-shouldered Tanager ( Tachyphonus luctuosus )—5 or so ♂♂ and ♀♀ were seen from the RS canopy tower and at SU White-lined Tanager ( Tachyphonus rufus )—A pair was observed at YC plantain feeders which is an extremely high elevation for the species. Additional pairs were seen at CR and AL feeders Flame-rumped Tanager ( Ramphocelus flammigerus )—Aka Lemon-rumped Tanager (R. icteronotus ) when split from Flame-rumped. Generally common and widespread in Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 19 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 humid western lowlands and foothills; numerous on all but two day Moss-backed Tanager (Bangsia edwardsi )—2 of this special Chocó bioregional endemic were seen up-close at AM feeders Hooded Mountain-Tanager ( Buthraupis montana )—2 were seen (scoped) as they preened in tall forest canopy along E Black-chested Mountain-Tanager (Cnemathraupis eximia )—4 of this local and uncommon high-elevation tanager were seen up close at YC plantain feeders Scarlet-bellied Mountain-Tanager (Anisognathus igniventris )—3 or so of this stunning high-elevation tanager were seen at YC (best at their plantain feeders) Blue-winged Mountain-Tanager (Anisognathus somptuosus )—This relatively common mid-elevation tanager was seenon four days. 1 at CR, 10 or so at RP, at least 6 at LL, and 5 or so at B Black-chinned Mountain-Tanager (Anisognathus notabilis )—This very special Chocó bioregional endemic was encountered on three days; 1 close-up at CR; 3 beautifully at AM feeders, and at least 2 more along E with a mixed-species foraging-flock Glistening-green Tanager (Chlorochrysa phoenicotis )—So beatiful!! At least 2 pairs were seen close-up at two separate AM plantain feeders Blue-gray Tanager ( Thraupis episcopus )—Very common lower elevation species; seen on all but two days Palm Tanager ( Thraupis palmarum )—Fairly common at lower elevations; seen on all but

Glistening-green Tanager at Amagusa Reserve © Paul J. Greenfield

two days; sort of surprisingly outnumbered Blue-grays at CR and MS Rufous-throated Tanager (Ixothraupis rufigula )—2 of this Chocó bioregional endemic

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 20 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 were seen at MS feeders; another 6 or so were seen at AM feeders and along the road there Golden-naped Tanager ( ruficervix )—Many seen on five days, often at feeders; MS, CR, AM, RP, LL, and AL Black-capped Tanager (Tanager heinei )—5 were seen at CR; pairs were seen at RP and SP Blue-necked Tanager (Tangara cyanicollis )—4 were seen at RS; 1 came to plantain feeder at SP; another seen at AL. Beryl-spangled Tanager (Tangara nigroviridis )—Only 1 was seen briefly along E Rufous-winged Tanager (Tangara lavinia )—A pair was seen repeatedly from the RS canopy tower Bay-headed Tanager ( Tangara gyrola )—4 were seen from the RS canopy tower; often with the previous species Flame-faced Tanager (Tangara parzudakii )—A pair of this, yet another, gorgeous tanager was seen at CR; 6 or so were seen at AM, and 1 or so were observed at RP Golden Tanager ( Tangara arthus )—Quite common, this subtropical tanager was seen on five days at most sites we visited Silver-throated Tanager ( Tangara icterocephala )—10 were seen at MS feeders; 2-3 were seen at MG, SU, and AL Yellow-tufted Dacnis (Dacnis egregia )—Some authors lump this Chocó bioregional endemic species with Black-faced Dacnis ( D. lineata) of the . A great pair showed up and was enjoyed from the RS canopy tower ( Dacnis cayana )—A pair, ♀ and later a ♂, was seen from the RS canopy tower Purple (Cynerpes caeruleus )—2♂♂ were seen a couple of times from the RS canopy tower Green Honeycreeper ( Chlorophanes spiza )—Pairs or so were seen at MS, MG, and RS Golden-collared Honeycreeper (Iridophanes pulcherrimus )—1♂ was seen twice at AM, at plantains and a nectar feeder Glossy Flowerpiercer ( Diglossa lafresnayii )—At least a dozen were seen at YC; especially close at nectar feeders White-sided Flowerpiercer ( Diglossa albilatera )—A pair was seen close-up at B feeders Indigo Flowerpiercer (Diglossa indigotica )—A rare Chocó bioregional endemic; 1 was seen well along the road at AM ( cyanea )—25 or so were seen at YC (mostly feeders); 2 more at CR, 1 at LL, and 2 more at B Blue-black Grassquit ( Volatinia jacarina )—2-3 were seen in open grassland en route to RS Variable Seedeater ( Sporophila corvina )—1♂ was seen at SP and 1♀ was seen en route to SP Yellow-bellied Seedeater ( Sporophila nigricollis )—2 or so were encountered along the road en route to RP Bananaquit ( Coereba flaveola )—Only 1 was seen at MS nectar feeders Buff-throated Saltator ( Saltator maximus )—Now placed with tanagers. 2-3 were seen daily on five days (H also) at most sites Black-winged Saltator (Saltator atripennis )—several of this Chocó bioregional endemic were seen on three days, at CR (1), AM (3 or so), SP (2), and AL (3)

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 21 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019 OTHER SPECIES OF INTEREST

SQUIRRELS: SCIURIDAE Red-tailed Squirrel ( Sciurus granatensis )—6 seen at CR , MS, RP, LL, and AL Western Dwarf Squirrel (Microsciurus mimulus )—1 was seen at MG

AGOUTIS: DASPYPROCTIDAE Central American Agouti ( Dasyprocta punctata )—A family threesome was seen at MS; Another 1 was seen at AL

ANOLES (): DACTYLOIDAE Equatorial Anole (Anolis aequatorialis )—Seemingly, this species saw what we saw at CR Pinocchio Anole (Anolis proboscis )—1 was brought in (captured) at SP (below)

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 22 Ecuador: Northwestern Andean Slopes, 2019