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Geografias Da Comunicação: Espaço De Observação De Mídias E De 3 Geografias da Comunicação: espaço de observação de mídia e de culturas Organização Sonia Virgínia Moreira Coleção GPs da INTERCOM Direção de Osvando J. de Morais Vol. 1 – Comunicação e Esporte: Reflexões – Anderson Gurgel, Ary José Rocco Jr., José Carlos Marques e Márcio de Oliveira Guerra, orgs. (2012) Vol. 2 – Políticas de Comunicação e Sociedade – Valério Cruz Brittos e Ruy Sardinha Lopes, orgs. (2012) Vol. 3 – Geografias da comunicação: espaço de observação de mídia e de culturas – Sonia Virgínia Moreira, org. (2012) DIRETORIA GERAL DA INTERCOM 2011 – 2014 Presidente - Antonio Carlos Hohlfeldt Vice-Presidente - Marialva Carlos Barbosa Diretor Editorial - Osvando J. de Morais Diretor Financeiro - Fernando Ferreira de Almeida Diretor Administrativo - José Carlos Marques Diretora de Relações Internacionais -Sonia Virginia Moreira Diretora Cultural - Rosa Maria Cardoso Dalla Costa Diretora de Documentação - Nélia Rodrigues Del Bianco Diretor de Projetos - Adolpho Carlos Françoso Queiroz Diretora Científica - Raquel Paiva de Araújo Soares Secretaria Maria do Carmo Silva Barbosa Genio Nascimento Mariana Beltramini Jovina Fonseca Direção Editorial: Osvando J. de Morais (UNISO) Presidência: Muniz Sodré ( UFRJ) Conselho Editorial - Intercom Alex Primo (UFRGS) Marcio Guerra (UFJF) Alexandre Barbalho (UFCE) Margarida M. Krohling Kunsch (USP) Ana Sílvia Davi Lopes Médola (UNESP) Maria Teresa Quiroz (Universidade de Christa Berger (UNISINOS) Lima/Felafacs) Cicília M. Krohling Peruzzo (UMESP) Marialva Barbosa (UFF) Erick Felinto (UERJ) Mohammed Elhajii (UFRJ) Etienne Samain (UNICAMP) Muniz Sodré (UFRJ) Giovandro Ferreira (UFBA) Nélia R. Del Bianco (UnB) José Manuel Rebelo (ISCTE, Portugal) Norval Baitelo (PUC-SP) Jeronimo C. S. Braga (PUC-RS) Olgária Chain Féres Matos (UNIFESP) José Marques de Melo (UMESP) Osvando J. de Morais (UNISO) Juremir Machado da Silva (PUCRS) Paulo B. C. Schettino (UNISO) Luciano Arcella (Universidade Pedro Russi Duarte (UnB) d’Aquila, Itália) Sandra Reimão (USP) Luiz C. Martino (UnB) Sérgio Augusto Soares Mattos (UFRB) Geografias da Comunicação: espaço de observação de mídia e de culturas Organização Sonia Virgínia Moreira São Paulo Intercom 2012 Coleção GPs – Grupos de Pesquisa da INTERCOM, vl. 3 Geografias da Comunicação: espaço de observação de mídia e de culturas Copyright © 2012 dos autores dos textos, cedidos para esta edição à Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Interdisciplinares da Comunicação – INTERCOM. Direção Editorial Osvando J. de Morais Edição Sonia Virgínia Moreira Projeto Gráfico e Diagramação Rafael Bezerra Capa Rodolfo Conceição e Rafael Bezerra Revisão Geral Sonia Virgínia Moreira e Graça Louzada Ficha Catalográfica G345 Geografias da comunicação : espaço de observação de mídia e de culturas / Organização, Sonia Virgínia Moreira. – São Paulo : INTERCOM, 2012. 1 recurso online (242 p.) – (Coleção Grupos de Pesquisa / Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Interdisciplinares da Comunicação ; v. 3) Reprodução eletrônica. Modo de acesso: http://www.intercom.org.br/e-book/colecao-gps-3.pdf ISBN 978-85-8208-006-1 1. Comunicação – Pesquisa – Livros eletrônicos. 2. Geografia humana – Livros eletrônicos. I. Moreira, Sonia Virgínia. II. Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Interdisciplinares da Comunicação. III. Série. CDU 007:911.3(0.034.1) Todos os direitos desta edição reservados à: Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Interdisciplinares da Comunicação – INTERCOM Rua Joaquim Antunes, 705 – Pinheiros CEP: 05415 - 012 - São Paulo - SP - Brasil - Tel: (11) 2574 - 8477 / 3596 - 4747 / 3384 - 0303 / 3596 - 9494 http://www.intercom.org.br – E-mail: [email protected] Sumário PREFÁCIO .......................................................................................................................... 7 José Marques de Melo APRESENTAÇÃO Por que Geografias, no plural, para a Comunicação? .............................................................9 Sonia Virgínia Moreira APORTES ESTRANGEIROS: GEOGRAFIA CULTURAL, ECONÔMICA E DE MÍDIA Global, Hybrid or Multiple? Cultural Identities in the Age of Satellite TV and the Internet ......21 Joseph D. Straubhaar Reconsidering Culture, Counterculture, and Nation through a Tropicália Lens ....................51 John R. Baldwin Gestão e estratégias no mercado dos media em Portugal....................................................69 Paulo Faustino PERCURSOS BRASILEIROS: TEORIA, TERRITÓRIO, MÍDIA E REGIÃO Geografia das Comunicações: aportes brasileiros ao pensamento crítico ............................87 José Marques de Melo Análise da produção intelectual do Dr. Milton Santos e sua relação com a Comunicação ..107 Paulo Celso da Silva Estudo de condições para reconhecimento automático de entidades geográficas em textos jornalísticos da língua portuguesa ..................................................117 Margarethe Born Steinberger Noticiário internacional: um mapa de contradições e influências ideológicas e econômicas ......129 Maria José Baldessar O RJTV e a (re)urbanização do Rio: uma cartografia da violência no discurso telejornalístico de pacificação ........................................................................143 Kleber Mendonça Por um Telejornalismo Georregional ..................................................................................159 Rodrigo Gabrioti de LIMA Da Convivência à Convergência das Mídias: as Representações do Mundo na BBC Brasil 170 Jamile Dalpiaz Diversidade cultural e apropriação de bens simbólicos na fronteira Brasil-Argentina ........187 Roberta Brandalise Mapeamento da mídia fronteiriça em Mato Grosso do Sul .................................................203 Daniela Cristiane Ota As agências transnacionais de notícias e os círculos descendentes de informações no território brasileiro no período da globalização ..................................................................214 André PASTI Cartografia 2.0: Pensando o Mapeamento Participativo na Internet ..................................228 Paulo Victor Barbosa de Sousa Prefácio Geografia e Comunicação são disciplinas dotadas de semelhanças, mas que trilham caminhos distanciados. Por isso mesmo, estiveram se- paradas durante tanto tempo. O que as aproxima? Fundamentalmente o olhar cognitivo. Enquanto a Geografia capta sinais produzidos pela natureza (rios, caminhos, relevos), a Comunicação processa símbolos gerados pela socie- dade (vozes, palavras, imagens). Uma parece estática ou cíclica, a outra se mostra dinâmica, veloz. Mas são interdependentes. A Geografia precisa da Comunicação para se fazer conhecer, difundir, atualizar; a Comuni- cação não pode funcionar sem o suporte da Geografia para distribuir conteúdos, provocar sensações, emocionar, surpreender. Durante muitos anos, os estudos geográficos e as pesquisas comu- nicacionais estiveram de costas, uns para os outros. Mas hoje não podem mais ignorar-se. A Comunicação encurtou o mundo, reduzindo o espaço. A Geografia acelerou o homem, escasseando o tempo. É temerário, senão impossível, uma disciplina trabalhar sem mútua colaboração com a parceira. Sem diálogo, metálica, arrogante. Esta é a importante lição que nos transmite Sonia Virgínia Moreira ao organizar e publicar esta coletânea. Evidencia notável maturidade acadêmica. Ela reuniu um conjunto heterogêneo, mas rico e instigante, de ensaios escritos por pensadores da Comunicação. Mesclou nativos e forâneos. E ousou demonstrar que seus colegas e discípulos procuram discernir na Geografia elementos confiáveis para ampliar horizontes in- terpretativos. Metaforicamente, significa prato cheio. Fumegante, colori- do, apetitoso. Suscita a gulodice dos comensais, pois fazia falta ao nosso banquete bibliográfico. Deixa o gosto de quero mais... São Paulo, 1º de agosto de 2012. José Marques de Melo Professor Emérito da Universidade de São Paulo e Diretor da Cátedra UNESCO/UMESP de Comunicação 7 Por que Geografias, no plural, para a Comunicação?1 Sonia Virgínia Moreira2 Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [email protected] Por que Geografias? Porque a realidade é multifacetada, online, sem fronteiras e intercultural – plural. Porque o acesso permanente ao canal aberto da Internet flui paralelo ao cotidiano da vida de um número crescente de pessoas. Essas pessoas se movimentam em territórios di- versos e, junto com elas, a mídia portátil está em todos os lugares constituindo e intermedian- do fluxos: de informação, de conhecimento, de intercâmbios. Com a aceleração do tempo, o espaço deixou de ser uma variável dependente e se transformou em fator determinante (Innis, 2008). A política, a economia, a sociologia, a antropologia e a história são disciplinas-âncora dos estudos que se reúnem sob o guarda-chuva das geografias da comunicação – assim, no plural, como manifestação precisa das suas múltiplas implicações. Palavras-chaves: espaço; tempo; geografias; comunicação Contextos Na última sexta-feira de julho de 2012 um grupo de estudantes, artistas e sindicalistas mexicanos ocupou por 24 horas o entorno da sede da Televisa, no bairro de Chapultepec, na Cidade do México. O cerco hu- mano às instalações da emissora foi convocado pelo coletivo #YoSoy1323 para mostrar o repúdio dos manifestantes, que consideraram tendenciosa a cobertura dispensada pela empresa, favorável ao candidato do Partido Revolucionário Institucional (PRI), Enrique Peña Nieto, vencedor das eleições presidenciais. As 24 horas de ocupação, suas manifestações e ativi- dades culturais, puderam ser acompanhadas ao vivo via Livestream, site por meio do qual qualquer pessoa transmite imagens e áudio em tempo real.4
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