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Teacher's Notes

SCHOOLS’ PACK – 2009

The Planning Sheet can be used as an outline of the topic for the period of the work. It is set out under ten themes:

Introduction: FACT SHEETS 1. Brazil: the Land Fact sheet 1 Fact sheet 1a

2. Brazil: the Environment Fact sheet 2 Fact sheet 2a

3. Brazil: the Country and its People Fact sheet 3 Fact sheet 3a Fact sheet 3b – Isolated Amazon Tribes Fact sheet 3c - Isolated indigenous peoples in Brazil

4. Brazil: living and working in Brazil Fact sheet 4

5. Maria and Carlos Fact sheet 5 – meet Maria and Carlos Fact sheet 5a – At Home in Rio with Maria Fact sheet 5b – Living in with Carlos

6. Schools in Brazil Fact sheet 6 - Schools in Brazil

7. Living in Brasília Fact sheet 7 Fact sheet 7a

8. Brazil: Carnival Fact sheet 8

9. Brazil: its Sports Fact sheet 9

10. Brazil: Tourism Fact sheet 10 – ‘Brazil for Kids’ http://www.brazil.org.uk/school/brazilforkids.html

1 Schools’ Pack – Brazil 2009 Text in bold italics in the teachers’ notes indicates an extension activity

Fact Sheets can be used as a source of information for teachers and pupils

Fact Sheets 1a, 2a, 3a, 4a and 7a include differentiated information on these themes.

Activity Sheets 1 - 16 can be printed for use in class. They relate to the relevant Fact Sheet in the Teachers’ Notes.

Activities 17 – 26 can be introduced whenever wanted. They are not related to any specific Fact Sheet.

ACTIVITY SHEETS

1. Where is Brazil

2. Find these places in Brazil

3. The weather in

4. Weather log

5. Comparing the weather

6. Tropical Rainforest

7. Cloze procedure – Tropical rainforests

8. Cloze procedure – People of Brazil

9. Using photographs

10. Information from photographs

11. Reading photographs

12. Writing my diary

13. How do we compare?

14. World Cup 2014

15. True or false1.

16. True or false 2

17. – 26. Learning from Photographs.

2 Teacher's Notes THEME RESOURCES ACTIVITIES LOCATION – THE LAND Introduction to Brazil: DVD with commentary. Use these clips to get an idea of DVDs on the themes: what life in Brazil is like. Move on • Business to next activity. • Culture • Nature • Sports • Sun and Sand. What have you found out Power point presentation 1 Respond to the PP presentation about Brazil? question/issues. “Where is Brazil?” Google Earth. Introduce understanding of Map of the world to A globe, large map. Equator, Northern and Southern locate the country. Hemispheres. Map of the world showing major Identify – compare in size. countries http://www.ibge.gov.br/7a12/mapas/ Relate it to UK to demonstrate mundo/planisferio_pol.pdf size. Only Russia, , China and USA are bigger Map of the world showing the five major continents http://www.ibge.gov.br/7a12/mapas/ How far to…? mundo/continentes.pdf “Where is Brazil?” Map of South America showing Activity 1 countries Map of Brazil to show Fill in the names of the other position in http://www.ibge.gov.br/7a12/mapas/ countries, some cities, rivers, South America. mundo/america_sul_pol.pdf oceans, Equator.

Origin of the name BRAZIL? “Find these places in Blank map of South America Activity 2 Brazil” Map of the Map of Brazil to give Name the marked cities, rivers, etc. overview of the country. http://www.ibge.gov.br/7a12/mapas/ What do you notice about siting of brasil/brasil_grandes_regioes.pdf main cities?

The Amazon is the longest river in South America. Investigate the story of a river – how it is formed, develops, features. Build up a list of relevant vocabulary Brazil the Land Fact sheet 1 and 1a – Brazil the Gather information about the country Land Can you see the Amazon? Can you see the extent of the Google Earth ?

Using Google Earth, can you se the waterfalls of Foz do Iguaçu, the Amazon, , Manaus, Brasília, the tropical rainforests?

Use squared paper to compare area size with UK/Europe.

3 Schools’ Pack – Brazil 2009 THEME RESOURCES ACTIVITIES ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE The weather in Brazil. Fact sheet 2 and 2a – ‘Brazil Activity 3 – The Weather in South - the Environment’. America Activity 4 – Weather Log Climate statistics Activity 5 – Comparing the – rainfall, temperatures. Weather What is the land like? Pictures of rainforest, semi desert, Activity 6 – Tropical Rainforest tropical grassland and coastal Activity 7 – cloze procedure vegetation with tropical palms See answer sheet at the end of these notes. Amazon river basin Map to show the extent of the What is a river basin? Illustrate Amazon basin THE COUNTRY AND ITS PEOPLE History of the country Fact Sheet 3 and 3a – “Brazil Continental drift. – the Country” How would people have reached South America from other continents? Range of ethnic groups - Fact sheet 3b “Isolated Activity 8 – Cloze procedure origins Amazon tribes” See answer sheet at the end of these notes Fact Sheet 3c – “Isolated The lost Tribe who were indigenous peoples in Brazil” recently discovered – research This section provides more challenging activities. LIVING AND WORKING IN BRAZIL Brazil’s economy today. Fact Sheet 4: Activity 9 – Using photographs . ‘Living & Working in Brazil’. Collect evidence from this Photographs of country’s products country – label, adverts, etc – coffee, rubber, sugar cattle, soya, electronics, oil cars, tourism, etc. How easy is it to travel around Brazil – road, air, railways. Research Buildings reflect the Differing style of buildings across the Landmarks of Brazil – select history of the country – country – high rise flats, residential four/five. Why do they reflect natives, Portuguese, 20th areas, Spanish/Portuguese style, the country? Century, 21st Century. rural settlements, . See photo Extremes of housing in gallery on Fact Sheet 4 Activity 10 Brazil Information from Photographs Fact Sheet 5 – Meet Maria and Look at the photograph Gallery on Carlos the sheet LIVING IN RIO DE JANEIRO Living in Rio with Maria Fact Sheet 5a – “At home in Rio de Cristina Pereira Janeiro with Maria” The extremes of life in Look at the photographs of the Class discussion – living styles in the city. high rise apartments, favelas and the city. other dwellings showing variety Activity 11 – Reading photographs Features of the city – Create a collage of the Sugarloaf, statue of Christ. important sights of Rio/ landscape of Brazil

4 Teacher's Notes THEME RESOURCES ACTIVITIES LIVING IN MANAUS Where? Large scale map of Manaus Google Earth - locate Manaus. showing meeting of rivers and Manaus in relation to this. Also Using the map, what do you relation to the coast. think it will be like? Why?

http://www.ibge.gov.br/7a12/mapas/ Relate maps and pictures – brasil/brasil_grandes_regioes.pdf overlay them? What is Manaus Photographs of the city showing Why did it develop here? like today? diversity of buildings, industry, – rubber plantations, early scenery – include some of the river travelers, rivers and its harbours to show it as an ocean going port Living in Manaus with Fact sheet 5b - “Living in Manaus Group/class activity Carlos Melo de Souza with Carlos”. Manaus the port Why is it an important port – 12000 miles inland. Use information in Fact Sheet 5 as a starter. SCHOOLS IN BRAZIL Fact sheet 6 – Schools in Brazil. Activity 12 – Writing my diary Compare school days. Reasons for any difference – if any. LIVING IN BRASÍLIA Brasília – new capital city Fact Sheet 7 and 7a – ‘Living Activity 13 – How do we compare? in Brasília’. Purpose built city Photographs: Compare and contrast old and modern architecture new. What about old and new in your home area? What does old and new mean? CARNIVAL Fact Sheet 8 – Carnival – rhythms, make musical instruments. Carnival Music – DVDs. Drumming. Origins of Carnival. Background to Carnival – why, when? Music DVD, Audio. Design headgear for Carnival: Art & Design activities Listen to Carnival music. – , bossanova. SPORT Football Fact Sheet 9 - ‘Brazil – its Sports’. Profile some famous Brazilian footballers. Motor racing F1 Research – Emerson Fitipaldi, , , , What are the rules of the game?

5 Schools’ Pack – Brazil 2009 THEME RESOURCES ACTIVITIES TOURISM Why come to Brazil? Fact Sheet 10 – Tourism Devise brochures for cities, http://www.brazil.org.uk/school/ country, etc. brazilforkids.html “Brazil is home to the world’s biggest carnival, wildest rainforest, and best football team”. Discuss this statement. CONCLUSION Activity 15 - true or false Activity 16 – true or false See answer sheets at the end of these notes What would a holiday in Brazil be like? – cities visited, weather, sites, people, etc. DID YOU KNOW? Create a “Did you know” section about the country. Compile it as a Power Point presentation. REMEMBERING BRAZIL What was interesting in this topic? Was the information you had before you started work correct? What did you enjoy about the topic? What surprised you from the things you learned?

Answers to activity Sheet 7

Tropical Rainforests

Tropical rainforests are found across the world usually between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer. They cover about 7% of the world. It rains nearly every day in the forest, often up to 2 metres falling over the year. This means it is usually hot and steamy which encourages the vegetation to grow very quickly. A huge variety of animals, birds and insects are found in the different layers of the forest. The forest floor is dark, hot and muddy with many pools of water which encourages a great variety of wildlife to live there such as leeches, spiders, snakes, monkeys, and even larger animals such as jaguars. In the higher sections birds such as parrots and toucans as well as animals like monkeys, boa constrictors, and sloths all find a home. Much of the rainforest particularly in South America is being cleared because of deforestation, at the rate of 4000 football pitches an hour which is pretty fast! The problem is that the heavy rain tends to wash away the soil once the vegetation is removed and that makes the farmland very poor

6 Teacher's Notes quality. It also means that many creatures and plants are losing the habitat which provides them with their homes.

Answers to Activity Sheet 8

People of Brazil

The people of Brazil today are descended from groups of people from different parts of the world. Some are the original inhabitants of the country who are known as the native Indian population. Others came from Portugal and these had followed the early explorers who had settled when the land was first discovered in the sixteenth century. As time went on, sugar cane was introduced to the country and grown in large plantations. As there were not enough local workers for these plantations, some Indians and African slaves were forced to work in them. Local workers and European immigrants intermarried and this was the start of a mixed race population that is a feature of Brazilian culture today. During the twentieth century, many people travelled from Europe to start new lives there. Brazil now has the fifth largest population in the world after India, USA, China and Indonesia. Its population today is estimated at more than 188 million.

Answers to Activity 15

The intention of activities 15 and 16 is that children research the answers using a range of other sources. Children could be directed to the page www.brazil.org.uk/brazilinbrief to help them but not all the answers are here.

True or False

1. Brazil shares a border with all the other countries in South America – false. It does not have a border with Equador and Chile. 2. Brazil is north of Venezuela – false. It is south. 3. La Paz is the capital of Brazil – false. La Paz is Bolivia’s capital. 4. The River Amazon enters the sea near the city of Rio de Janeiro – false. It enters the Atlantic Ocean near the city of Belém. 5. Brazil is the second largest country in South America – false. It is the largest. 6. The highest mountain in Brazil is the Pico da Neblina – true. 7. The Amazon Basin is home to the world’s largest tropical rainforest – true. 8. The Indian Ocean is part of Brazil’s coastline – false. 9. The official language of Brazil is Spanish – false. Portuguese.

7 Schools’ Pack – Brazil 2009 10. The population of Brazil today is around 70 million people – false. Closer to 190 million 11. The most densely populated part of Brazil is the Amazon lowlands – false. This area is the least populated. 12. The large continent north of Brazil is Asia – false. Central and North America. 13. South America is joined to North America – false Joined to Central America. 14. The southern most country in South America is Bolivia – false. Chile. 15. The largest landmass to the south of South America is Antarctica – true.

Answers to Activity 16

True or False

1. Brazil is the fifth largest populated country in the world – true. 2. Its population today is estimated at more than 155 million – true. 3. Two thirds of these people live in towns and cities and most people live along the coast – true. 4. About 62% of the population is below the age of 29 – true. 5. Today, women are having less children (an average of three) – true. 6. About a half of the country is rainforest while the other half is covered by grassland, pine forests and some semi desert – true. 7. More people live in and around than in Greater London – true. 8. Nearly two thirds of the population live in cities – true. 9. Fifty years ago less than half of the people in Brazil lived in cities – true. 10. São Paulo is Brazil’s largest city – true. 11. Brazil has the largest population of Japanese people outside – true. 12. An off shore oil field has been discovered which could amount to the world’s third largest reservoir – true. 13. Rio de Janeiro is the capital of Brazil – false. The capital is Brasília. 14. is the most popular – false. 15. The Spanish were the first European explorers to discover Brazil – false. The Portuguese. 16. Brazil has borders with eleven other South American countries – true. 17. Brazil produces biofuels which can be used to run vehicles instead of petrol – true.

8 Teacher's Notes