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Quijote Al Francés Y Al Alemán: Estudio Traductológico

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Quijote Al Francés Y Al Alemán: Estudio Traductológico EL REFRÁN EN LAS VERSIONES CLÁSICAS DEL QUIJOTE AL FRANCÉS Y AL ALEMÁN: ESTUDIO TRADUCTOLÓGICO, PAREMIOLÓGICO, LINGÜÍSTICO E HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL Javier García Albero TESIS DOCTORAL EL REFRÁN EN LAS VERSIONES CLÁSICAS DEL QUIJOTE AL FRANCÉS Y AL ALEMÁN: ESTUDIO TRADUCTOLÓGICO, PAREMIOLÓGICO, LINGÜÍSTICO E HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL por JAVIER GARCÍA ALBERO Dirigida por: Prof. Dr. Miguel Ángel Vega Cernuda Departamento de Traducción Facultad de Filosofía y Letras Universidad de Alicante Alicante, 2013 2 ÍNDICE 0.- CAPÍTULO INTRODUCTORIO ............................................................................ 9 0.1. POLIMORFISMO DEL QUIJOTE ................................................................................... 9 0.2. OBJETIVOS Y TESIS BÁSICAS DEL PRESENTE ESTUDIO ............................................. 11 0.3. METODOLOGÍA Y ESTRUCTURA DEL ESTUDIO ........................................................ 13 0.3.1. Lenguas de trabajo ......................................................................................... 13 0.3.2. Selección de traducciones .............................................................................. 14 0.3.3. División del trabajo y disciplinas implicadas ................................................ 14 1.- PRESUPUESTOS TEÓRICO-CRÍTICOS DE LAS DISCIPLINAS Y DE LOS TÉRMINOS IMPLICADOS EN EL PRESENTE TRABAJO ................................ 21 1.1. LITERATURA COMPARADA E HISTORIA DE LA CULTURA: EL REFRÁN COMO POSIBLE OBJETO DE UNA COMPARACIÓN INTERLINGÜÍSTICA E INTERCULTURAL ......................... 21 1.1.1. La literatura comparada ................................................................................. 21 1.1.1.1. Antecedentes ............................................................................................ 21 1.1.1.2. Crisis y evolución de la literatura comparada desde la segunda mitad del s. XX ..................................................................................................................... 23 1.1.1.3. La “escuela alemana” y sus conceptos fundamentales: Stoff, Thema y Motiv ..................................................................................................................... 25 1.1.2. Traducción y literatura comparada ................................................................ 29 1.1.3. La estética de la recepción y el polisistema literario ..................................... 33 1.1.4. La Escuela de la Manipulación ...................................................................... 42 1.1.5. Historia y crítica de la cultura ........................................................................ 46 1.2. HISTORIA Y CRÍTICA DE LA TRADUCCIÓN: EL TRADUCTOR Y SU (IN)VISIBILIDAD ... 52 1.2.1. Historia de la traducción ................................................................................ 52 1.2.1.1. Carencia y necesidad de la historia en los estudios de traducción ........... 52 1.2.1.2. Propuestas metodológicas para la historiación de la traducción .............. 55 1.2.1.3. La historiografía actual de la traducción .................................................. 58 1.2.2. Invisibilidad del traductor .............................................................................. 60 1.2.3. Crítica de la traducción .................................................................................. 63 1.2.4. Síntesis y aplicabilidad de las disciplinas mencionadas ................................ 66 1.3. LO CLÁSICO Y LO CANÓNICO EN LITERATURA Y TRADUCCIÓN................................ 70 3 1.3.1 El canon literario ............................................................................................. 70 1.3.2. Canon literario y canon traductor .................................................................. 73 1.3.3. ¿Existen las traducciones canónicas? ............................................................. 77 1.4. EL REFRÁN EN LA LINGÜÍSTICA CONTRASTIVA: ASPECTOS LÉXICO-SEMÁNTICOS Y PAREMIOLÓGICOS EN LA TRADUCCIÓN .......................................................................... 80 1.4.1. Recopilación y estudio de las paremias: Paremiografía y Paremiología ....... 80 1.4.1.1. Orígenes de las paremias y de la Paremiografía ...................................... 80 1.4.1.2. Historia de la Paremiología: la Paremiología como moderna ciencia antropológica ......................................................................................................... 81 1.4.1.3. Historia de la Paremiografía y Paremiología en España .......................... 82 1.4.1.4. Historia de la Paremiografía y Paremiología en Francia ......................... 87 1.4.1.5. Historia de la Paremiografía y Paremiología en Alemania ...................... 91 1.4.1.6. Los estudios actuales de Paremiología ..................................................... 95 1.4.2. Hacia una definición de la paremia ................................................................ 97 1.4.2.1. Características del refrán ........................................................................ 105 1.4.2.2. Origen sociolingüístico y sociocultural de los refranes ......................... 106 1.4.3. El componente paremiológico del lenguaje cervantino en el Quijote ......... 110 1.4.3.1. Reflexiones cervantinas sobre la Paremiología...................................... 110 1.4.3.2. Elenco paremiológico del Quijote .......................................................... 112 1.4.3.3. Función y uso del refrán en el Quijote ................................................... 113 1.4.4. Dificultades traductivas de la paremia ......................................................... 121 1.4.4.1. La dificultad de la traducción de paremias ............................................ 121 1.4.4.2. El concepto de equivalencia en traducción ............................................ 123 1.4.4.2.1. La equivalencia traductora ................................................................ 123 1.4.4.2.2. Grados de equivalencia fraseológica y paremiológica ...................... 125 1.4.4.3. El proceso de la traducción de paremias: procedimientos y estrategias de traducción ............................................................................................................ 127 2.- SECCIÓN DOCUMENTAL. EL QUIJOTE EN FRANCIA Y ALEMANIA: SU RECEPCIÓN, SUS TRADUCCIONES Y SUS TRADUCTORES. ...................... 132 2.1. LA RECEPCIÓN DEL QUIJOTE EN FRANCIA Y ALEMANIA (SS. XVII-XXI) ............. 132 2.1.1 La recepción del Quijote en Francia ............................................................. 132 2.1.1.1. Siglo XVII .............................................................................................. 133 4 2.1.1.2. Siglo XVIII ............................................................................................ 141 2.1.1.3. Siglo XIX ............................................................................................... 151 2.1.1.4. Siglos XX y XXI .................................................................................... 165 2.1.2. La recepción del Quijote en Alemania ......................................................... 174 2.1.2.1. Siglo XVII .............................................................................................. 174 2.1.2.2. Siglo XVIII ............................................................................................ 182 2.1.2.3. Siglo XIX ............................................................................................... 191 2.1.2.4. Siglos XX y XXI .................................................................................... 200 2.2. ASPECTOS HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICOS: LOS TRADUCTORES Y SUS TRADUCCIONES ........ 207 2.2.1. La clasicidad como dación histórica ............................................................ 207 2.2.2. Los traductores franceses y sus traducciones ............................................... 207 2.2.2.1. César Oudin y François de Rosset: dos traductores, una traducción ..... 207 2.2.2.2. François Filleau de Saint-Martin: el “Quichotte infidèle” ..................... 227 2.2.2.3. Jean Pierre Claris de Florian: el “Quichotte mutilé” .............................. 236 2.2.2.4. Louis Viardot y el Quijote romántico francés ........................................ 245 2.2.3. Los traductores alemanes y sus traducciones ............................................... 253 2.2.3.1. Friedrich Johann Justin Bertuch. 1775, la Ilustración produce la primera traducción directa e “integral” del Quijote.......................................................... 253 2.2.3.2. Johann Ludwig Tieck ............................................................................. 265 2.2.3.3. Dietrich Wilhelm Soltau ........................................................................ 270 2.2.3.4. Ludwig Braunfels. Filología y Traducción ............................................ 273 2.2.3.5. La estética en la traducción del Quijote: Soltau, Tieck y Braunfels ...... 275 3.- ESTUDIO CRÍTICO DE LA TRADUCCIÓN DE LAS PAREMIAS CERVANTINAS AL ALEMÁN Y AL FRANCÉS ................................................. 290 3.1. DETERMINACIÓN Y ANÁLISIS DEL CORPUS ........................................................... 290 3.1.1. Determinación del corpus ............................................................................ 290 3.1.2. Criterios para un análisis de traducciones de paremias................................ 294 Excurso: Sobre materiales utilizados en un análisis de traducciones parémicas ..........................................................................................................................
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