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Amasya Ili 2018 Yili Çevre Durum Raporu

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Amasya Ili 2018 Yili Çevre Durum Raporu T.C. AMASYA VALİLİĞİ ÇEVRE VE ŞEHİRCİLİK İL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ AMASYA İLİ 2018 YILI ÇEVRE DURUM RAPORU HAZIRLAYAN ÇED VE ÇEVRE İZİNLERİNDEN SORUMLU ŞUBE MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ AMASYA - 2019 i 2018 YILI AMASYA İLİ ÇEVRE DURUM RAPORU İl Çevre Durum Raporu, ÇED ve Çevre İzinleri Şube Müdürlüğü’nce hazırlanmıştır. Ahmet Özkan KAYA (İl Müdürü) Osman TOK (İl Müdür Yrd.) Betül Ayşe ÖZDAL (ÇED ve Çevre İzinleri Şube Müd.) Adem BODUR (Çevre Mühendisi) İbrahim CEYHAN (Çevre Mühendisi) Osman AKYILDIZ (İnşaat Teknikeri) Çevre Durum Raporunun hazırlanışında, bilgi teminindeki katkılarından dolayı müdürlüğümüz ilgili şube müdürlüklerine, ilimizdeki kamu kurum ve kuruluşları ile emeği geçenlere teşekkür ederiz. Her Hakkı Saklıdır. © 2019, Amasya Valiliği, Çevre ve Şehircilik İl Müdürlüğü. ii 2018 YILI AMASYA İLİ ÇEVRE DURUM RAPORU ÖNSÖZ Çevre, insanların ve diğer canlıların yaşamları boyunca ilişkilerini sürdürdükleri ve karşılıklı olarak etkileşim içinde bulundukları fiziki, biyolojik, sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel ortam olarak tanımlanmakta olup, bu tanımdan da anlaşılacağı üzere Dünya üzerindeki canlı varlıklar hayatları boyunca yaşam ortamlarını oluşturan canlı ve cansız çevre ile sürekli etkileşim içerisindedirler. 18. ve 19. yüzyıllardaki yeni buluşların etkisi ve buhar gücüyle çalışan makinelerin üretimde kullanılması ile Avrupa’daki sermaye birikimi artmış ve bu süreç de Sanayi Devrimi olarak adlandırılmıştır. Özellikle sanayi devrimi ile beraber, 20.yüzyılın 2.yarısında, çevre kirliliği olgusu önemli bir konu olarak tüm Dünya ülkelerinin gündeminde yer almaya başlamıştır. Elbette ülkemiz de Dünyadaki bu gelişmelerden etkilenmiş, enerji, sanayi, tarım, ulaştırma ve turizm alanındaki gelişmeler çevresel baskıları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu gelişmeler sonucunda, 1978 yılında Çevre Müsteşarlığı kurulmuş, 1982 Anayasasında da Çevre Hakkının korunmasına ilişkin hüküm yer almıştır. Günümüzde de, çevrenin korunması kirliliğin önlenmesi doğrultusunda çalışmalar sürdürülmekte olup, 2872 Sayılı Çevre Kanunu bu çalışmaların temel kanuni dayanağını oluşturmaktadır. Amasya İl merkezimizin coğrafi olarak dağlık olması, bir vadide yer alması ve içerisinden Yeşilırmak ve yan kollarını içeren bir nehrin geçmesi, ayrıca ziraatçılık, hayvancılık ve turizmin İlimizin önemli geçim kaynakları arasında olması, çevreyi korumayı öncelikli zorunluluk haline getirmektedir. Doğal kaynakların dikkatli bir şekilde kullanılması ve çevrenin özenle korunması gerekliliğiyle, Müdürlüğümüz birimleri içerisinde Çevresel Etki Değerlendirmesi ve Çevre İzinleri ile Çevre Yönetimi ve Denetimi Şubelerimiz, çevre ile ilgili kanun ve yönetmeliklerin gerekli itina ile uygulamasını sağlamakta, diğer şubelerdeki personelimizde bu uygulamalara zaman zaman katkı sağlamaktadırlar. iii 2018 YILI AMASYA İLİ ÇEVRE DURUM RAPORU İl Çevre Durum Raporları, İl Müdürlüklerimiz tarafından her yıl hazırlanmakta olup bu çalışmanın amacı çevrenin mevcut durumuna genel bir bakış açısı sağlayarak mevcut durumun ortaya konulmasını ve böylelikle çevreyle ilgili potansiyel sorunlara erken bir uyarı ve bu sorunların analizini sağlamak, çevre koruma ve sürdürülebilir kalkınma yolundaki hedefler doğrultusunda elde edilen gelişmeleri halkın bilgilenmesini sağlamak ve çevresel planlama, değerlendirme ve düzenleme için temel bilgi ve veri sağlamaktır. Çevre Durum Raporunda sunduğumuz bu bilgilerin bir araya getirilmesi, düzenlenmesi ve güncel bir şekilde sizlere ulaştırılmasında emek sarf eden Müdürlüğümüz uzmanlarına ve verilerini paylaşarak raporumuzu destekleyen tüm Kamu Kurum ve Kuruluşlarına teşekkür ediyorum. Ahmet Özkan KAYA Amasya Çevre ve Şehircilik İl Müdürü iv 2018 YILI AMASYA İLİ ÇEVRE DURUM RAPORU İÇİNDEKİLER GİRİŞ ........................................................................................................................................ 13 A. HAVA .................................................................................................................................. 17 A.1. Hava Kalitesi ................................................................................................................. 17 A.2. Hava Kalitesi Üzerine Etki Eden Öğeler ...................................................................... 20 A.3. Hava Kalitesinin Kontrolü Konusundaki Çalışmalar ................................................... 25 A.4. Ölçüm İstasyonları ........................................................................................................ 26 A.5. Egzoz Gazı Emisyon Kontrolü ..................................................................................... 36 A.6. Gürültü .......................................................................................................................... 38 A.7. Temiz Hava Eylem Planları .......................................................................................... 39 A.7. İklim Değişikliği Eylem Planı Çerçevesinde Yapılan Çalışmalar ................................ 39 A.8. Sonuç ve Değerlendirme ............................................................................................... 41 B. SU VE SU KAYNAKLARI ................................................................................................ 46 B.1. İlin Su Kaynakları ve Potansiyeli .................................................................................. 46 B.1.1. Yüzeysel Sular ....................................................................................................... 46 B.1.2. Yeraltı Suları.......................................................................................................... 51 B.1.3. Denizler ................................................................................................................. 53 B.2. Su Kaynaklarının Kalitesi ............................................................................................. 54 B.3. Su Kaynaklarının Kirlilik Durumu ................................................................................ 55 B.3.1. Noktasal kaynaklar ................................................................................................ 55 B.3.2. Yayılı Kaynaklar.................................................................................................... 57 B.4. Deniz Kıyı Sularının Kirlilik Durumu .......................................................................... 62 B.5. Sektörel Su Kullanımları ve Yapılan Su Tahsisleri ...................................................... 62 B.5.1. İçme ve Kullanma Suyu ........................................................................................ 62 B.5.2. Sulama ................................................................................................................. 108 B.5.3. Endüstriyel Su Temini ......................................................................................... 132 B.5.4. Enerji Üretimi Amacıyla Su Kullanımı ............................................................... 133 B.5.5. Rekreasyonel Su Kullanımı ................................................................................. 133 B.6. Çevresel Altyapı .......................................................................................................... 134 B.6.1. Kentsel Kanalizasyon Sistemi ve Hizmeti Alan Nüfus ....................................... 134 B.6.2. Organize Sanayi Bölgeleri (OSB) ve Münferit Sanayiler Atıksu Altyapı Tesisleri………………………………………………………………………………. 145 B.6.3. Katı Atık (Düzenli) Depolama Tesisleri Atıksuları İçin Önlemler ..................... 146 v 2018 YILI AMASYA İLİ ÇEVRE DURUM RAPORU B.6.4. Atıksuların Geri Kazanılması ve Tekrar Kullanılması ........................................ 147 B.7. Toprak Kirliliği ve Kontrolü ....................................................................................... 148 B.7.1. Noktasal Kaynaklı Kirlenmiş Sahalar ................................................................. 148 B.7.2. Arıtma Çamurlarının Toprakta Kullanımı ........................................................... 148 B.7.3. Madencilik Faaliyetleri İle Bozulan Arazilerin Doğaya Yeniden Kazandırılmasına İlişkin Yapılan Çalışmalar .............................................................................................. 149 B.7.4. Tarımsal Faaliyetler İle Oluşan Toprak Kirliliği ................................................. 149 B.8. Sonuç ve Değerlendirme ............................................................................................. 150 C. ATIK .................................................................................................................................. 151 C.1. Belediye Atıkları (Katı Atık Bertaraf Tesisleri) .......................................................... 151 C.2. Hafriyat Toprağı, İnşaat Ve Yıkıntı Atıkları ............................................................... 156 C.3. Sıfır Atık Yönetimi ..................................................................................................... 156 C.3.1.Eğitimler ................................................................................................................ 156 C.3.2. Atık Getirme Merkezleri ...................................................................................... 158 C.3.3. Atık Miktarları ..................................................................................................... 159 C.3.4. Sisteme Geçen Kuruluş Sayısı ............................................................................. 159 C.3.5. Ekipman ..............................................................................................................
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