Cities, Communities and Homes: Is the Urban Future Livable?

Cities, Communities, Homes Is the Urban Future Livable? AMPS Proceedings Series 10.1 AMPS PROCEEDINGS SERIES 10.1 AMPS, University of Derby 22 – 23 June, 2017 Cities, Communities and Homes: Is the Urban Future Livable? EDITOR: Eleni Tracada SERIES EDITOR: Graham Cairns PRODUCTION EDITOR: Eric An © AMPS AMPS PROCEEDINGS SERIES 10.1. ISSN 2398-9467 INTRODUCTION This publication is the product of the conference Cities, Communities and Homes: Is the Urban Future Livable? held at the University of Derby in 2018. The premise of the conference and this publication is that the forces shaping life in cities are complex. The economies they are based on are multiple. Some are growing exponentially, others are shrinking. Some pride themselves on architectural heritage, others are seeking to build and rebrand. Some are old, some are new. Inevitably their urban fabrics vary. The communities that live in these places reflect these conditions. Some are long-standing, others are new and in-formation. Sometimes they are active, on occasion homogenous. More generally they are diverse. These communities need, and want, a say in their futures. Some are well connected and affluent, others suffer deprivation and social exclusion. A constant in the mist of this complexity is their need to be housed – whether by themselves, the market, or governments. The conference and this subsequent publication seek to explore how the three issues of city development, sense of community and housing need, all combine to make lives in our cities livable – or not. How will our urban environments change in the near future? Are the cities we live in now likely to contract or expand? How will these changes impact on communities and the way they are housed? Will new technologies facilitate community engagement with planning? Will resident voices be heard by planners? Will unaffordable housing turn some cities into enclaves of the wealthy, or will the private sector and personal preference gate our communities? These proceedings, and the conference which it documents, were organised by the research organisation AMPS, its academic journal Architecture_MPS, and the College of Engineering & Technology at the University of Derby. It formed part of the AMPS program of events, Housing – Critical Futures. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 REVITALISING URBAN TISSUE AND COMMUNITIES THROUGH BIOPHILIC PARTICIPATORY 1 DESIGN: NORMANTON PEARTREE AREA, DERBY, UK Eleni Tracada Chapter 2 PRODUCING HOUSING PLANS FOR LONDON’S OLYMPIC AREA: THE ROLE OF 19 CONFLICTING AGENDAS AND INTERESTS COMING FROM ABOVE, ACROSS AND BELOW IN THE ENGLISH PLANNING SYSTEMDr. Cecil Sagoe Chapter 3 IN A CLIMATE OF CHANGE: CHALLENGES FOR SOCIAL INTEGRATION THROUGH HOUSING 32 IN A FRAGMENTED CITY Beatriz Maturana, Ralph Horne, Scarlet Romano Chapter 4 THE ROLE OF CULTURAL ORIENTATION IN THERAPEUTIC LANDSCAPE DESIGN 43 Chelsea Kershaw, Joelle Lim, Jacqueline Mcintosh, Bruno Marques, Jon Cornwall Chapter 5 CLASHING VISIONS – DECENTRALISATION MEETS CENTRALISATION 54 Greta Weston Werner Chapter 6 OVERCOMING URBAN ALIENATION: REREADING THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF ‘BUILDING 63 HOME’ IN THE TUZLUÇAYIR NEIGHBOURHOOD IN ANKARA IN THE 1970S Gülşah Aykaç Chapter 7 THE SOCIAL PERCEPTION (AND CONSTRUCTION) OF SPACE: ASSESSING THE SOCIO- 71 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS. J.Andrés Domínguez-Gómez Chapter 8 ‘I’M SORRY FOR THE DIRECTION MY HOT-AIR BALLOON IS TAKING’: IN SEARCH OF 82 EVIDENCE FOR AND IMPACTS OF TERRITORIAL STIGMATISATION. Richard Huggins Chapter 9 CARE, PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS AND DEPENDENCY: THE DESIGN OF HOUSING FOR 90 THE HIGH NEEDS ELDERLY TO LIVE INDEPENDENTLY Yukiko Kuboshima, Jaqueline Mcintosh, Geoff Thomas Chapter 10 SUSTAINABLE SMALL HOUSE LIVING IN THE UK 98 Peter M Hogg Chapter 11 'CISADANE RIVERSIDE TOURISM' AS A STRATEGY TO EMPOWER 'KAMPUNG KEJEPIT' 113 COMMUNITY IN TANGERANG REGION, INDONESIA Dicky S. Tanumihardja Chapter 12 ALAMEDA: A MODEL FOR STRUCTURING LINEAR NETWORKS 121 René Davids Chapter 13 FLEXIBLE DOMESTICITY, ADAPTABLE STRUCTURES: TWO CASE STUDIES, MADRID AND 131 BERLIN. Virginia De Jorge-Huertas Chapter 14 THE WAY WE LIVE NOW: HOW ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION CAN SUPPORT THE URBAN 144 DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL SETTLEMENTS Sally Stone, Laura Sanderson, John Lee Chapter 15 THE ROLE OF SPACE IN URBAN COLLECTIVE LIVING AR-RANGEMENTS – KEY TO 153 SUSTAINABLE COOPERATION IN COMMUNITIES? Louisa A. Firnenburg Chapter 16 COMMUNITY LAND TRUST SOLUTIONS TO LOCAL HOUSING ISSUES 162 Hilary Chadwick Chapter 17 SPECIAL HOUSING AREAS: A PRACTICAL PATHWAY TO LIVABLE HOMES? 170 Bev James Chapter 18 HOUSING AGENDA: PAST-PRESENT-FUTURE 182 Pelin Olcay Chapter 19 MASS HOUSING ESTATE LOCATION IN RELATION TO ITS LIVEABILITY: BUDAPEST CASE 194 STUDY Regina Balla, Melinda Benkő, Isaiah Oluremi Durosaiye Chapter 20 NEIGHBOURHOOD COOPERATIVES. A MODEL FOR THE COLLABORATIVE MANAGEMENT 206 OF THE RENEWAL AND MAINTENANCE OF URBAN AREAS Carlos Rosa-Jimenez, Maria J. Marquez-Ballesteros, Alberto Garcia-Moreno Chapter 21 REFLECTING INDIVIDUAL PREFERENCES AND SPATIALITY IN LIVABILITY 215 MEASUREMENTS: A LIVABILITY ASSESSMENT PLATFORM FOR THE CITY OF SALZBURG Anna Kovács-Győri, Bernhard Reinel Chapter 22 LESSONS FOR URBAN DESIGNERS: ENHANCING A CITY’S LIVABILITY, SUSTAINABILITY, 227 AND SENSE OF COMMUNITY FROM THE BOTTOM-UP. CASE STUDIES FROM HAVANA, CUBA. Maibritt Pedersen Zari, Fabricio Chicca Chapter 23 MICROAREE PROGRAMME: HEALTH, HOUSING AND COMMUNITY-BUILDING IN TRIESTE 237 Lorenzo De Vidovich Chapter 24 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PUBLIC OPEN SPACE TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND PREVENTION 249 OF OBESITY IN JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA Khalid Nasralden Mandeli Chapter 25 GOVERNING LIVEABLE CITIES: A QUESTION OF AGENCY? PUBLIC HOUSING AND 262 NEIGHBOURHOOD COMMUNITIES IN THE CITY OF BOLOGNA Giulia Ganugi, Manuela Maggio Chapter 26 MAINTENANCE AS ALTERNATIVE TO GROWTH: NORTH MILAN BRIANZA RECOMPOSING 270 POTENTIALS FOR SPREAD SETTLEMENTS AND OPEN LANDS BEYOND THE ECONOMIC CRISIS. Marco Baccarelli, Martina Orsini Chapter 27 INTERVENING IN THE CITY: CO-DESIGNING NEIGHBOURHOOD INFRASTRUCTURE WITH 280 RESIDENTS OF A LONDON HOUSING ESTATE Charlotte Johnson, Kat Austen, Sarah Bell, Aiduan Borrion, Robert Comber, Jun Matsushita Chapter 28 SIGNS OF A CITY: SEMIOTIC MARKERS AT ODDS WITH CONSTRUCTED NARRATIVES IN 290 BELFAST Ruth Brolly, Ian Montgomery Chapter 29 THE GIANT DOLLS’ HOUSE PROJECT 305 Catja De Haas Chapter 30 MAKING A HUMAN-CENTRED CITY – THE TRANSITIONAL SPACE BETWEEN PUBLIC AND 316 PRIVATE AS A PLACE FOR DAILY LIFE AND ENCOUNTER Birgit Jűrgenhake Chapter 31 THE MAKING OF A LIVEABLE COMMUNITY AT NEW WORTLEY, LEEDS 328 Craig Stott, Simon Warren Cities, Communities and Homes: Is the Urban Future Livable? REVITALISING URBAN TISSUE AND COMMUNITIES THROUGH BIOPHILIC PARTICIPATORY DESIGN: NORMANTON PEARTREE AREA, DERBY, UK Author: ELENI TRACADA Institution: UNIVERSITY OF DERBY, UK INTRODUCTION Today the greatest goal for any city worldwide is to become livable. The concept of livability not only covers the urban design, but also the structure of elements which could be influential to the city growth and its financial prosperity. According to the dictionary, livable means: 1. Worth living; enjoyable. 1.1 (of an environment or climate) Fit to live in.1 A livable city encourages people to participate actively to its development. Hence, in general a livable city is also a sustainable one. We consider a livable city as the city of the future. We find out that such a city contains a few identifiable neighbourhoods with each one of them having its own character. As a matter of fact, a livable neighbourhood is compact, sustainable, diverse, green, healthy and accessible. The most important dynamic of a livable city is the community. When making a city, we always consider community needs and necessities, and also potential hazards. Thus, a livable city is more often a resilient city as well. However new approaches to city form in urban design are often limited to preserve its existent urban morphology or ‘urban tissue’ without any radical transformation of it.2 However, there is often lack of citizens’ energetic participation during proposed changes. We often distinguish newest urban tissue or growth of cities from their purely geometrical extension of the roads, containing unstoppable car traffic and less pedestrian path lines or dangerous bicycle routes with no protection from speeding vehicles. Many theorists believe that urban morphology or the study of change in the physical form and shape of human settlements focuses mainly on pre-determined regular (man-made ‘ideal grids’) or irregular (‘deformed grids’- based on pedestrian movement and influenced by topography) patterns.3 However some urban designers – mainly academics – define urban design as “the processes of making better places for people than would otherwise be produced.”4 However, since 2011 the author of this paper has been involved in research with other members of the International Society of Biourbanism, thus, professes ideas of design of cities which are rigorously supporting well-being of citizens and public health in general. Being based on theories and practices of professionals who believe that “A city is not a tree,”5 the author has reinforced her research with live projects and case studies in which, her students at all levels develop concepts to support growth of local vulnerable 1 communities, such the area described further. She believes that cities are similar to live organisms which grow in a natural way, thus, complexity is a dominant element in her teaching and

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