....

8320 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE SEPTEMBER 5 To be junior hydrographic and geodetic en-· truth that our country may gather an H. J. Res. 145. Joint resolution providing for gineer with rank of lieutenant (junior grade) inspiration that will .be justified for years membership of the United States in the Food in the Coast and Geodetic Survey, from the to come. - and Agriculture Organization of the United 9th day of August 1945: Nations. ' Marvin T. Paulson Lift up our thoughts and our .hearts, On August 2, 1945: To be aide, with rank of ensign in the 0 God. We have heard the echoes of H . R.122. An act to amend sections 2720 Coast and Geodetic Survey: the tramp of doom, but through un­ (a) and 326{) (a) of the Internal Revenue John 0. Boyer paralleled sacrifice the age-old weapons Code relating to the transfer tax, and the tax of hatred, intolerance, and godless am­ on manufacturers and dealers, in the case of MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION bition have been subdued. Another certain _small-game guns; Maj. Gen. Robert Walter Crawford (colo­ great opportunity for peace has come to H. R. 699. An act to amend paragraph 682 nel, Corps of Engineers), Army of the United America-peace- with God, peace with . of title 16 of the United States Code; States, to be member and president of the H. R. 2613. An act to authorize the War Mississippi River Commission, under the pro­ men, and with ourselves; not a peace that Food Administrator or the Secretary of Agri­ visions of sectio~ 2 of an act of Congress ap­ is complacent, but prodigal in its abun­ culture to adjust boundary disputes by set­ proved June 28, 1879 (21 Stat. 37; 33 U. S. c. dance. With joy and gladness may we tling claims to certain so-called Sebastian 642) , vice Brig. Gen. Max Clayton ·Tyler. turn to, our good earth and with deter­ Martin grant lands, in the State of New Mex­ (This appointment will not vacate Major mined purpose labor for the unity of our ico; General Crawford's earlier appointment as count.l;'y; build it up, strengthen its in­ H. R. 3239. An act to exempt certain me­ major general in the Army of the United fluence and moral power until its right­ chanical pencils having precious metals as States.) eous. voice is heard around the world. essential parts from the tax with respect to SELECTIVE SERVICE jewelry, etc.; and · Be Thou with our President, our Speaker, H. J. Res. 23. Joint resolution to establish Joseph A. Bell, for appointment as admin­ and the leaders, and with them let us the first week in October of each year as Na­ istrative officer, Philadelphia branch, Re­ march toward the clean world which our tional Employ the Physically Handicapped S)arch and Statistics Division, Philadelphia, Week. Pa., under the provisions of section 10 (a) hands can make. In the name of Him (3) of the Selective Training and Service Act who is our Mediator and Advocate. BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS PRE­ Amen. of 1940, as amended. (The compensation of SENTED TO THE PRESIDENT SUBSE­ r the position of administrative officer for The Journal of the proceedings of QUF;NT TO ADJOURNMENT which Mr. Bell is nominated is $5,180 per Saturday, July 21, 1945, was· read and Mr. ROGERS of New York, from the annum.) approved. Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported TEMPORARY APPOINTMENT IN THE ARMY -OF THE that that committee did on the following UNITED STATES NOTIFICATION OF REASSEMBLING OF CONGRESS dates present to the President of the TO BE GENERAL United States, for his approval bills and Lt. Gen. Jonathan Mayhew Wainwright The SPEAKER. The Chair lays be­ joint resolutions of the Hou~e of the (major general, U. S. Army), Army of the fore the House the formal notification following titles: United States. sent to Members of the House _on Sep­ . On July 21, 1945: APPOINTMENT IN THE REGULAR ARMY tember 1, 1945, of the reassembling of H. R. 1308. An act for the relief of Sam CHIEF OF ENGINEERS Congress, which the Clerk will read: Swan and Aily Swan; and Lt. Gen. Raymond Albert Wheeler (colonel, The Clerk read as follows: H. R. 3771. An act to provide for increas­ Corps of Engineers) , Army of the United In our opinion legislative expediency war­ ing the lending authority of the Export­ States, for appointment in the Regular Army rants the reassembly of Congress :..nd there­ Import Bank of Washington, and for other of the United States as Chief of Engineers, fore, pursuant to the authority granted us purposes. with the rank of major general, for a period by House Concurrent Resolution 68, Seventy­ On J'uly 23, 1945: of 4 years from date of acceptance, vice Lt. ninth Congress, you are hereby notified that H. R. 169 . .An act to amend section 8 . of Gen. Eugene Reybold, Chief of Engineers, Congress will reassemble in Washington at the act entitled "An act to amend the act whose term of office expires September 30, 12 o'clock meridian on Wednesday, Septem­ entitled 'An act to provid~ that the United 1945. (This appointment will not vacate his ber 5, 1945. States. shalf aid the States in the construc­ earlier appointment as lieutenant general in SAM RAYBURN, tion of rural post roads, and for other pur­ the· Army of the United States.) Speaker, House of Representatives, poses,' approved July 11, 1916, as amended United States. and supplemented, and for other purposes," IN THE NAVY KENNETH McKELLAR, approve-1 July 13, 1943; Vice Admiral Lou1s E. Denfeld, -united P1·esident pro tempore, United H. R . 246. An act for the relief of L. S. States Navy, to be Chief Of the Bureau of States Senate. Strickland; Naval Personnel and Chief of Naval Person­ JOHN W. McCoRMACK, H. R. 795 .. An act for the relief of the duly nel for a term of 4 years, effective from the Majority Leader, House df Repr e­ appointed receiver of North Jersey Utiliza­ 15th day of September 1945. sentatives, United States. _ tion and Sewerage Disposal Plant, Inc., or to IN THE MARINE CORPS ALBEN w. BARKLEY, such other person or persons as are legally authorized to collect the assets thereof· Brig. Gen. Archie F. Howard, to be a major Majority Leader, United States Senate. H. R. 838. An act for the relief ·of He;man general in the Marine Corps, for temporary Gelb; service, from the 26th day of July 1945. JoSEPH W. MAR'PIN, Jr., Minority Leader, House of Repre­ H. R. 952. An act for the relief of the Mor­ sentatives, Untted States. gan. Creamery Co.; • WALLACE H. WHITE, Jr., H. R. 1245. An act for the relief of John Minority Leader, United States F. Davis; HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Senate. H. R. -1301. An act for the relief of Madeline Winter and Ethel Newton; ENROLLED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLU­ WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1945 H. R. 1346. An act for the relief of Alaska TIONS SIGNED SUBSEQUENT TO AD­ D. Jennette; Pursuant to House Concurrent ·Resolu­ JOURNMENT H. R. 1486. An act for the relief of Sam D. tion 68, Seventy-ninth Congress, the Mr. ROGERS of New York, from the Moak; House met at 12 o'clock noon, and was -Commitfee on Enrolled Bills, reported H. R. 1595. An act for the relief of the that that committee had on the follow­ Borough of Beach Haven, Ocean County, N.J.; called to order by the Speaker, Hon. SAM H. R. 1856. An act for the relief of South­ RAYBURN. ing dates examined and found truly en­ western Drug Co.; The Chaplain, Rev. James Shera Mont­ rolled bills and joint resolutions of the H. R. 2226. An act for the relief of Hugh gomery, D. D., offered t;he following House of the following titles, which were P. Gunnells and Mrs. Dezaree Gunnells; prayer: later signed by the Speaker: H. R. 2285. An act to authorize the Secre­ On July 23, 1945: tary of Agriculture to grant and convey to Holy, holy, holy, Lord God Almighty! H. R. 1851. An act for the relief of the Springfield Township, Montgomery County, It is a good thing to give thanks unto estate of Greenfield Payne; Pa., certain lands of the United States in Thee, for surely Thou dwellest in the H. R. 2032. An act authorizing general Springfield Township, Montgomery County, darkness as well as in the light. So we shore-line investigations at Federal expense, Pa., for highway purposes and for orna­ come to Thee with the hope that the and to repeal an act for the· improvement and mental-park purposes; protection of the beaches alcing the shores H. R. 2522. An act to authorize the Secre­ faith of all the generations of them that of the United States, approved June 26, 1936; tary of State to continue to completion the have sought Thy face may be repeated H. R. 2699. An act ior the relief of Dr. Jabez collecting, editing, and publishing of official in us. 0 ~ivine Presence, so crown. the Fenton Jackson and Mrs. Narcissa. Wilmans papers relating . to - the Territories of the Congress with the conquering wisdom of Jackson; and United States; 1945 CON.GRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 8321 . H . R. 25.29. An act for the relief of Earl J. H. R. 1656. An act to authorize the Secre­ H. R. 2226. An act for the relief of Hugh Shows; . tary of the Interior to modify the provisions P. Gunnells and Mrs. Dezaree Gunnells; H. R. 2581. An act to amend the act en­ ~f a s:ontract for the purchase of a power H. R. 2285. An act to authorize the Secre­ titled "An act to provide for the issuance of plant for use in connection with the San tary of Agriculture to grant and convey to devices in recognition of the services of mer­ Carlos irrigation project; Springfield Township, Montgomery County, , chant sailors", approved May 10, 1943 (57 H. R. 26J5. An act to provide for reimburse­ Pa., certain lands of the United States in Stat. 81), and for other purposes; ment of certain Navy personnel and former Springfield Township, Montgomery County, H. R. 2621. An act for the relief of Haselden Navy personnel for personal property lost or Pa., for highway purposes and for ornamen­ and Huggins Co.; damaged as the result of a fire at the outlying tal-park pm:poses; H. R. 2725. An act for the relief of Mrs. degaussing branch of the Norfolk Navy Yard, H. R. 2522. An act to authorize the Secre­ Lucile Manier, as administratrix of the estate Portsmouth, Va., on December 4, 1942; tary of State to continue to completion t.hz of Joe Manier; H. R. 2853. An act to reimburse certain Navy collecting, editing, and publishing of official H. R. 2763. An act for the relief of Fred personnel and former Navy personnel for papers relating to. the Territories of the Crago; personal property lost or damaged as the United States; H. R. 2866. An act for the relief of Mrs. result of a fire in the United States naval hos­ H. R. 2529. An act for the relief of Earl J. Rita Cauvin Green; pital, Seattle, Wash., on May 10, 1944; and Shows; · H. R. 3111. An act to amend the act ap­ H. J. Res. 195. Joint resolution to provide H. R. 2581. An act to amend the act entitled proved January 2, 1942, as amended, ap­ for the observance and celebration of the one "An act to provide for the issuance of de­ proved April 22, 1943, entitled "An act to pro­ hundred and fiftieth anniversa_ry of the sign­ vices in recognition of· the services of mer­ vide for the prompt settlement of claims for ing of "!;he~ treaty with the Indians of the chant sailors," approved May 10, 1943 (57 damages occasioned by Army, Navy, and Northwest Territory, known as the Treaty of Stat, 81), and for otl;ler purposes; Marine Corps forces in foreign countries"; Greene Ville. H. R. 2621. An act for the relief of Haselden H. R. 3175. An act to confer jurisdiction On July 24, 1945: & Huggins Co.; H. R. 2725. An act for the relief of Mrs. Lu­ upon the United States District Court for H. R. 905. An act for the relief of Paul T. the Eastern District of South Carolina to Thompson; cile Manier, as administratrix of the estate determine the claim of Lewis E. Magwood; of Joe Manier; H. R. 3314. An act to provide for the par­ H. R. 3294. An act to permit amendment of H. R. 2763. An act for the relief of Fred ticipation of the United States in the Inter­ the existing compact or agreement between Crago; the State of Ohio and the Commonwealth of n~tional Monetary Fund and the Interna­ H. R. 3111. An act to amend the act ap­ tional Bank for Reconstruction and Develop­ Pennsylvania relating to Pymatuning Lake; proved January 2, 1942, as amended, ap­ and ment; proved April 22, 1943, entitled "An act to H. R. 3417. An act for the relief of Clar­ H. J. Res. 228. Joint resolution to amenQ. provide for the prompt settlement of claims ence J. Spiker and Fred' W. Jandrey; the District of Columbia Teachers' Salary for damages occasioned by Army, Navy, and H. R. 3419. An act for the relief of Mrs. Act of 1945. Marine Corps forces in foreign countries"; Mary Karalis; and On July 28, 1945: · H. R. 3417. An act for the relief of Clarence H. R. 3633. An act to facilitate reconver­ H. R. 715. An act to provide for the trans­ J. Spiker and Fred w_. Jandrey; sion, and for other purposes. fer by the Secretary of War of the Roseburg H. R. 3419. An act for the relief of the On July 24, 1945: rlfie range, Douglas County, Oreg., to the estate of Mrs. Mary Karalls; and H. R. 1851. An act f.or the relief of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, and for H. J. Res. 145. Joint resolution providing for estate of Greenfield Payne; other purposes; and membership of the United States in the Food H. R. 2032. An act authorizing general H. J. Res. 98. Joint resolution relating to and Agriculture Organization of the United shore-line investigations at Federal expense, the p1arketing of fire-cured and dark air­ Nations. and to repeal an act for the improvement and cured tobacco under the Agricultural Adjust­ On August 8, 1945: protection of the beaches along the shores ment Act of 1938, 'as amended. H. R. 246. An act for the relief of L. S. of the United States, approved June 26, 1936; On July 31, 1945: Strickland; H. R. 2699. An .act for the relief of Doctor H. R. 3314. An act to provide for the par­ H. R. 2699. An act for the relief of Dr. Jabes Fenton Jackson and Mrs. Narcissa Wil­ ticipation of the United States in the Inter­ Jabez Fenton Jackson and Mrs. Narcissa Wil­ mans Jackson; and national Monetary Fund and the Interna­ mans Jackson; H. J. Res. 145. Joint resolution providing tional Bank for Reconstruction and Develop­ H. R. 2866. An act for the relief of Mrs. Rita for membership of the United States in the ment; Cauvin Green; and Food a:o,d Agriculture Organization of the H. R. 3633. An act to facilitate reconversion, H. R. 3175. An act to confer jurisdiction United Nations. and for other purposes; upon the United States District Court for the On .August 11, 1945: H. R. 3771. An act to provide for increasing Eastern District of South Carolina to deter­ H. R. 122. An act to amend sections 2720 mine the claim of Lewis E. Magwood. (e.) and 3260 (a) of the Internal Revenue the lending authority of the Export-Import Code relating to the transfer tax, and the Bank of Washington, and for other purposes; The message also announced that on tax on manufacturers and dealers, in the H. R.169. An act to amend section 8 of the the following dates the President had case of certain small-game guns; act entitled "An act to amend the act entitled vetoed bills of the House of the following H. R. 699. An act to amend paragraph 682 'An act to provide that the United. States titles: of title 16 of the United States Code; shall aid the States in the construction of H. R. 2613. An act to authorize the War rural post roads, and , for other purposes,' On July 21, 1945: H. R. 259. An act for the relief of Leo Gott­ Food Administrator or the Secretary o~ Agri­ approved July 11, 1916, as amended and sup­ culture1 to adjust"boundary disput-es by set­ plemented, and for other purposes," approv_ed lieb. tling claims to certain Sebastian Martin July 13, 1943; On July 28, 1945: H. R. 3477. An act authorizing the im­ grant lands, in the State of New M~xico; H. R. 795. An act for the relief of the duly provement of certain harbors in the interest H. R. 3~39. An act to exempt certain me­ appointed receiver of North Jersey Utiliza­ chanical pencils having precious metals as tion and Sewerage Disposal Plant, Inc., or to of commerce and navigation. essential parts from the tax with respect to such other person or persons as are legally On July 31, 1945: jewelry, etc.; and authorized to collect the assets thereof; H. R. 952. An ~>.ct for the relief of the Mor- H. J. Res. 23. Joint resolution to establish H. R. 838. An act for the relief of Herman gan Creamery Co.; ' the first week in Octo~er of each year as Na­ Gelb; H. R. 1856. An act for the relief of South­ tional Employ the Physically Handicapped H. R. 1245. An act for the relief of John F. western Drug Co.; and Weelt.· Davis; H. R. 3549. An act to provide for the con­ H. R. 1301. An act for the relief of Madeline veyance of certain Weather Bureau property APPROVAL OF BILLS AND JOINT RESOLU­ to Norwich University, Northfield, Vt. TIONS SUBSEQUENT TO ADJOURNMENT Winter and Ethel Newton; H. R. 1308. An act for the relief of Sam MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE A message from the President, re­ Swan and Aily Swan; ceived subsequent to the adjournment of H. R.1346. An act for the relief of Alaska A message from the Senate, by Mr. the House, announced that the Pl'esident D. Jennette; Frazier, its legislative clerk, announced had, on the following dates, approved H. R. 1486. An act for the relief of Sam D. that the Senate had passed, with bills and joint resolutions of the House of Moak; amendments in which the concurrence the following titles: ' H. R. 1595. An act for the relief of the Bor­ of the House is requested, bills of the On July 17, 1945: ough of Beach Haven, OCean County, N.J.; House of the following titles: H. R. 3368. An act making appropriations H. R. 1851. An act for the ·relief of the H. R. 2348. An act to provide for the cover­ for war agencies for the fiscal year ending estate of Greenfield Payne; age of certain drugs under the Federal nar- June 30, 1946, and for other purposes. H. R. 2032. An act authorizing general cotic laws; and , On July 21, 1945: shore-line investigations at Federal expense, H. R. 3644. An act to amend the Veterans H. R. 3376. An act to fix and regulate the and to repeal' an act for the improvement Regulations to provide additional rates of ealar1es of teachers, school ofilcers, and other and p:rotection of the beaches along the compensation or pension and remedy in­ employees of the Board of Education of the shores of th'e United States, approved Jun~ equalities as to specific service-incurred dis­ District of Columbia, and for other purposes; · 26, 1936; abilities in excess of total disability. • I

8322 CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE SEPTEMBER 5 The message also announced that the Code relating to the transfer tax, and the tax torn areas of our allies and in the estab­ Senate had passed bills and a concurrent on manufacturers and dealers, in the case of lishment of world trade on the high level resolution of the following titles, in ·certain small-game guns; necessary to insure full and useful em­ H. R. 699. An act to amend paragraph 682 which t ~1e concurrence of the House is of title 16 of the United States Code; ployment and production at home and requested: H. R. 2613. An act to authorize the War abroad. · S. 230. An act to amend Public Law 518, Food Administrator or the Secretary of Ag­ To win the la5ting peace for which we Saventy-eighth Congress, approved Decem­ riculture to adjust boundary disputes by set­ and our allies have so bitterly and ber 20, 1944; tling claims to certain so-called Sebastian bloodily fought, we and the other United S. 504. An act to quiet title and possession Martin grant lands, in the State of New Nations ·are firmly resolved to establish with ' respect to that certain unconfirmed Mexico; in concert the political and economic and located private land claim known as H. R. 3239. An act to exempt certain me­ claim of Daniel Boardman, C. No. 13, in chanical pencils havil;lg precious metals as conditions which are the foundation of Cosby and Skipwith's Report of H~20, certifi­ ess~ntial parts from the tax with respect to freedom and welfare among the nations cate 749, and being designated as section 44, jewelry, etc.; and of the earth. township 7 south, range 3 east, Greensburg H. J . Res. 23. Joint resolution to establish HARRY S. TRUMAN, Land District , Livingston Parish, La., and the first week i.n October of each year as THE WHITE HOUSE, August 30; 1945. on the official plat of said township; and National Employ the Physically Handicapped S. Con. Res. 17. Concurrent resolution pro­ Week. LEO GOTTLIEB-VETO MESSAGE FROM Viding for a study by a joint congressional MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED -committee of educational facilities, living STATES quarters, and other matters relating to pages UNITED STATES-REPORT ON . LEND­ employed by the two Houses of Congress. LEASE The SPEAKER laid before the House SIGNING OF ENGROSSED BILLS AND The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication from the JOINT RESOLUTION the following communication from the Clerk of the-House, which was read: Clerk of the House: SEPTEMBER 5, 1945. The SEEAKER laid before the House The SPEA~ER, the following communication from the SEPTEMBER 5, 1945. The SPEAKER, The House of Representatives. C~erk of the House: · The House of Representatives. SIR: There is herewith a sealed envelope SEPTEMBER 5, 1945. SIR: The accompanying sealeUnited States Army staff car. jewelry, etc.; and June 30, 1945. It appears that on May 29, 1943, an H. J. Res. 23. Joint resolution to establish The costliest, bloodiest, and most de­ Army staff car operated by a noncom­ the first week in October of each year as Na­ structive war in history has resulted in missioned officer on official business with tional Employ the Physically Handicapped victory for the cause of decency. All . a warrant officer as passenger, was pro­ Week. peace-loving men are resolved and de- eeeding ~ast on Hempstead Turnpike to Respectfully, termined that the peace and freedom we SouTH TRIMBLE, have won at such tremendous sacrifices the left of two lines of automobiles which Clerk of the House of Representatives. _ shall be preserved. had stopped in traffic. Leo Gottlieb stepped from between two of the cars The SPEAKER. The Chair desires to 'With the defeat of the Axis Powers, and, failing to observe the approach of announce that pursuant to the, authority whose ruthless plan for world conquest the Army vehicle, walked into its right , granted him on July 21, 1945, he did on and' enslavement came so close to sue­ front fender and was thrown to the pave­ July 23, 1945, sign the following enrolled ceeding, the United States has realized ment. He sustained a comminuted frac­ bills and joint resolution of the House: the major objective for which lerid-lease ture of the pelvic bones and a scalp H. R. 1851. An act for the relief of the aid has been extended. That objective, laceration. He was confined to a hospital estate of Greenfield Payne; like the objective of our war effort as a from the date of the accident to July H. R. 2032. An act authorizing general whole, was the speeding of victory and !8, 1943. shore-line investigations at Federal expense, the saving of American and other Allied The Army chauffeur states that he was and to repeal an act for the improvement lives. Lend-lease and reverse-lend-lease traveling from 4 to 8 miles per hour while and protection of the beaches along the helped to unite in a mighty and vic­ shores of the United States, approved· June passing the stopped automobiles when 26, 1936; torious fighting partnership the separate Mr. -oottlieb suddenly appeared from H. R. 2699. An act for the relief of Dr. efforts of the combination of nations re­ between two of them. The warrant offi­ Jabez Fenton Jackson and Mrs. Narcissa Wil- sisting the Axis aggressors. Each of our cer, who was a passer, r- ~r in the Army ve­ mans Jackson; and principal fighting partners has con- hicle, corroborates this statement. Ap­ H. J. Res. 145. Joint resolution providing tributed to the pool of armed might in parently, Mr. Gottlieb did not look to his for membership of the United States in the accordance .with its full abilities and left for approaching traffic when he _ Food and Agriculture Organization of the capacities. emerged from between the stopped auto­ United Nations. The great task of lend-lease has now mobiles. In a sworn statement dated De­ A message from the President of the ended. The programs of lend-lease to cember 8, 1943, he said, "I never expected United States announced that the Presi- our allies are being terminated in an a car to be traveling eastbound on that dent had, on August 11, 1945, approved expeditious and-orderly manner, subject portion of the highway and I never saw bills and joint resolutions of the House to military needs for the movement of it until I was struck." of the following titles: troops or for occupation purposes. Inasmuch as the evidence indicates H. R. 122. An act to amend sections 2720 The United States is assisting in the that the driver of the Army vehicle was (a) and 3260 (a) of the Internal Revenue relief and reconstruction of the war- proceeding cautiously, and that Mr. 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE - 8323 Gottlieb failed to watch for approaching The bill under oohsideration does not its customers were notified that due to traffic when emerging from between contain such a restrictive provision, and shortage of labor, deliveries were being the stopped cars. • I do not believe that the Secretary of War, in submitting the discontinued. It is claimed that the there is any moral obligation on the part reports of the Chief of Engineers on the ·company was advised by the veterans' of the Government to compensate him above-mentioned proj~cts, stated that- facility that the contract could be can­ for damages sustained as a result of the Inasmuch as the proposed work would in­ celed upcn 30 days' notice. Conse­ accident. · volve the use of manpower, material, and quently, the Morgan Creamery Co. f'.r­ While sympathy ~hould be extended ·to equipment and since the project is not es­ ranged with the Fairmont Creamery Co. the uQfortunate victim of the accident, I sential to the war effort, the Department is to niake deliveries to the facility for the of the opinion that, if the project is approved, 30-day period. Both the Morgan Cream­ am constrained to disapprove the legisla­ work thereon should not be initiated until tion. after the war. ery Co. and 'the · veterans' facility ap­ HARRY S. TRUMAN. pear to have been under the false im­ THE WmTE HOUSE, July 21, 1945. Approval of the bill under considera­ pression that the contract contained a tion would permit, upon the availability 30-day cancellation clause. The SPEAKER. The objections of the of funds therefor~ the immediate under­ It is apparently claimed that if the President will be spread at large upon taking of these two projects and thus Morgan Creamery Co. had known that the Journal ·and without objection the place them in a status preferential to the the contract could not be canceled, it message and accompanying bill referred large number of projects that have been would have arranged with another dairy to the Committee on Claims, and ordered authorized by the Congress during the to complete deliveries under the terms of printed. . war period which are not essential to the the contract. The Gate City Dairy, of There was no objection. prosecution of the war. Fargo. N.Dak., has certified that it would IMPROVEMENT OF SAVANNAH HARBOR IN Moreover, it seems to me that piece­ have taken over the contract on the same THE INTEREST OF NAVIGATION-VETO meal legislation of this .nature is inap­ price basis. MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF propriate since it does not take into ac­ The veterans' facility obtained re­ THE UNITED STATES count a well-considered and wen. quired dairy products in the open mar­ rounded plan for projects to be under­ ·ket after November 1, 1942, at a cost of The SPEAKER laid before the House taken in a definite order of national $920.64 in excess of the prices provided the following communication from the preference and desirability. · for in the contract. This amount has Clerk of the House~ I therefore find ,it necessary to with­ not been collected from the Morgan SEPTEMBER 5, 1945. hold my approval of the bill. Creamery Co. · The SPEAKER, HARRY S. TRUMAN. When the Morgan Creamery Co. dis­ The House of Representatives. THE WHITE HOUSE, July 28, 1945. Sm: Th€re is herewith a sealed envelope continued deliveries to the veterans' fa­ containing a message from the President of cility, the sum of $395.37• was due the the 'United States addressed to the 'speaker The SPEAKER. The objections of the company for deliveries made under the ·of the House of Representatives of the United Pre~dent will be spread at large upon contract. This amount is still owing the States, which was :received in this office at the Journal and, without objection, the company. . 11:40 o'clock: antemeridian, July 31, 1945. message and bill referred to the Com­ Even if there is any moral obligation Respectfully yours, mittee on Rivers and Harbors, and or- - SOUTH TRIMBLE, on. the part of the United States to the dered printed. , Mor.gan Creamery Co., the amount now Clerk of the House of Representatives. There was no objection. proposed td be paid is obviously ~xces­ The SPEAKER laid before the House MORGAN CREAMERY CO.-VETO MESSAGE sive. On this ground, I am constrained the following veto message from the FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED to withhold approval of this legislation. President of the United States which ST.t\TES HARRY S. TRUMAN. was read by the Clerk: The SPEAKER laid before the House THE WHITE HousE, July 31, 1945. The House of Representa-tives: the following communication from the Clerk of the House: The SPEAKER. The objections of the I return herewith, without my ap­ SEPTEMBER 5, 1945 . President will be spread at large upon the . proval, H. R. 3477, a bill authorizing the· The SPEAKER, · Jom·nal. improvement of certain harbors in the The House of Representatives. Without objection the message and interest of commerce and navigation. Sm: There is hereWith a sealed envelope accompanying bill will be referred to the The bill authorizes the improvement, containing a message from the President of Committee on Claims and ordered to be for navigation, of Savannah Harbor, Ga., the United States addressed to the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the United printed. and Two Harbors, Minn., in accordance There was no objection. with the reports of the- Chief of Engi- States, which was received in- this office at 11:25 o'clock a. m., August 4, 1945. TAX DRAW-BACK ON DISTILLED SPffiiT&­ - neers, House Document No. 227, Seventy­ Respectfully yours, ninth Congress, and House Document . SoUTH TRIMBLE, VETO MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE qNITED STATES No. ·805, Seventy-eighth Congress, re­ Cler(c of the House of Representatives. spectively. The estimated cost of the The SPEAKER laid before the House Savannah Harbor project is $2,738,000, The SPEAKER laid before the House the following communication from the the following veto message from the Clerk of the House~ and of the Two Harbors, $1,8'76,000. President of the United States, which Since the- entry- of the United States SEPTEMBER 5, 1945. was read by the Clerk: The SPEAKER, into the present war, omnibus river and \ The House of Representatives. harbor and flood-control acts have con­ To the House of Representatives: S1a: There is herewith a sealed envelope tained specifip provisions restricting con­ I return_herewith without my approval containing a message from the President of struction of the projects so authorized to the bill (H. R. 952) which would provide the United States addressed to the Speaker the postwar period,· unless required for for the payment of the sum of $920.64 of the House of Representatives of the United the prosecution of the war. The most to the Morgan Creamery Co., of Fargo, States, which was received in this office at recent enactment (Pul:flic Law 14, ap­ N. Dak., in full settlement of all claims 11:25 o'clock a. m., August 5, 194:5. Respectfully yours, proved March 2, 1945) adopted 291 river against the United States arising out of SOUTH TRIMBLE, / and harbor projects at an aggregate the failure of the Morgan Creamery Co. , · Clerk of the House of Representatives. estimate of cost of $381,968,332. subjeGt to perform a contract with t_he Veter~ns' . to the specific provision: Administration. The SPEAKER laid before the House That no project herein authorized shall be It appears that the Morgan Creamery the following veto message from the appropriated for or constructed until 6 Co. entered into a contract with the President of the United States, which was months after the termination of the present Veterans' Administration to furnish read by the Clerk: war-S in which the United States is engaged dairy products to the Veterans• Admin­ unless the construction of such project has istration Facility in Fargo, N.Dak. The To the House of Representatives: been recommended by an authorized defense I return herewith, without my ap­ agency and appxoved by the President as contract was effected July 1, 1942, and was to expire June 30, 1943 . proval. the bill, H. R. 1336, for the relief . being n~cessary or desirable in the interest Southwestern of the 'national defense. and security, and The Morgan Creamery Co. fulfilled its of Drug Co. the President has notified the Congress to obligation under the contract to and in­ The bill would authoriz~ a claim of the that c.ffect. cluding September 30, 1942, wheri all of Southwestern Drug Co., Houston, Tex., 8324 .· CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-I-IOUSE SEPTEMBER 5 for draw-back under section 3250 (1), In­ which the universitY.heretofore conveyed Comptroller General, on the reorganiza­ ternal Revenue Code, of tax paid with to the United States for a nominal con­ tion bill now being considered by the respect to distilled spirits used in manu­ sideration, and provides for the donation Committee on Expenditures in the Exec­ facturing nonbeverage products to be to the university of a two-story building_~ utive Departments. · considered and acted upon as if it had and the weather station equipment there­ Mr. REED of New York asked and was been filed within the period of limitation in, which the Government erected on given permission to extend his remarks properly applicable thereto. such land at a cost of approximately · in the RECORD in two instances and to The records of the Bureau of Internal $13,000, and which is now surplus to the include newspaper articles in each. Revenue show that the claim was reject­ needs of the Department of Commerce Mr. SPENCE a::;ked and was given per­ ed. for the reason that it was not filed after many years' use as a Weather Bu­ mission to extend his remarks in the within the time prescribed by the statute. reau station. RECORD and include an ·editorial appear­ The statute, section 3250 (1), Internal By the adoption of the Surplus Prop­ ing in the New York Times. Revenue Code, provides that no claini erty Act of 1944, the Federal Government'­ Mr. ERVIN asked and was given per­ thereunder shall be allowed unless filed provided, within the framework of a mission to· extend his remarks in the with the Commi-ssioner within the 3 single enactment, for a coordinated sys­ RECORD. months next succeeding the quarter for tem of disposal of its surplus properties Mr. BRYSON asked and was given per­ which the draw-back is claimed. The under uniform policies and procedures. mission to extend his remarks in the regulations issued under the statute con­ If the Government is to succeed in its RECORD and include a radio address de­ tain a similar provision. Apparently the efforts to maintain a fair and impartial livered by him. claimant was aware of the time limita­ program for the disposal of it..; surpluses Mr. LANE asked and was giv.en per­ tion, for the records of the Bureau show in the days ahead, I think it is important mission to extend his remarks in the that th~ claimant filed similar claims for that the operating principles and stand­ RECORD in thr.ee instances; to include in the three preceding quarterly periods ards of action governing such disposals one an editorial appearing in the Sun­ within the time prescribed. should be kept confined within a single d~:tY Item, Lawrence, Mass.; in another The cl.aim was rejected under the pro­ - instrument. If we should discover from a radio· address delivered by him on VJ­ visions of a statute having general ap­ experience with the statute that its pres­ day, September 2, 1945; and in the other plication to all claims under the same ent policies are too narrow or inadequate, an address delivered by him at the Essex circumstances. Its'approval would have any changes found desirable should be County Democratic outing of Massachu­ a discriminatory effect, providing as it accomplished by amendment of the act setts. at Salisbury Beach, Mass., August does for the relief of one claimant under itself, so that all properties similarly sit­ 26, 1945. circumstances' in which relief would be uated or in particular categories may be Mr. CARLSON asked and was given denied all others similarly situated. No disposed of under general prescriptions permission to extend his remarks in the facts appear in connection with this case of the law. Individual enactments to RECORD and include a radio address de- which warrant a departure from the gen­ provide relief in specific situations, or to livered by him last evening. ~ eral policy of the law expressed in the ap­ govern special cases, which in effect are Mr. O'HARA asked and was given per­ plicable limitation period. exceptions or amendments to the parent mission to extend his remarks in the In view of the foregoing, I am with­ law, it seems to me should be discouraged RECORD and include an article appearing holding my approval of the bill. as detrimental to a sound public policy in in the Watertown Daily Times, Water­ HARRY S. TRUMAN. a Government program of this character. town, N.Y., concerning his colleague the The WHITE HOUSE, July 31, 1945. F.::>r these reasons, I feel obliged to not gentleman from Minnesota, Hon. WIL­ lend my approval to this measure. LIAM A. PITTENGER. The SPEAKER. The objections of the HARRY S. TRUMAN. Mrs. LUCE asked and was given per-· President will be spread at large upon the THE WHITE HOUSE, July 31, 1945. mission to extend her remarks in the Journal. RECORD and include an editorial by Without objection the message and ac­ The SPEAKER. The objections of the Charles A. Beard appearing in the Pro­ companying bill will be referred to the President will be spread at large upon gressive and La . Follette's ·Magazine, Committee on Claims and ordered the Journal and the message, together September 3, 1945. printed. with accompanying papers, referred to Mr. SASSCER asked and was given There was no objection. the Committee on Agriculture and or­ permission to extend his remarks in the CONVEYANCE OF WEATHER BUREAU dered to be printed. RECQRD. PROPERTY TO NORWICH UNIVERSITY­ COMMITTEE ON EXPENDITURES IN THE LEGISL~TIVE PROGRAM VETO MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS OF THE UNITED STATES Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ad- . The SPEAKER laid before the House Mr. MANASCO. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the Committee dress the House for 1 minute. the following communication from · the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Clerk of the House, which was read: on Expenditures in the Executive De­ . p:trtments may have until midpight to­ · the request of the gentleman from SEPTEMBER 5, 1945. night to file a report on the bill H. R. Massachusetts? The SPEAKER, There was no objection. The House of Representatives. 3907. SIR: There is herewith a sealed envelope The· SPEAKER. Is there objection to Mr. MARTlN of Massachusetts. Mr. containing a message from the President of the request of the gentleman from Ala­ Speaker, I take this time to inquire of the United States addressed to the Speaker bama? the acting majority leader as to the pro­ of the House of Representatives of the There was no objection. gram for this week, if it is already ar­ United States, which was received in this Mr. MANASCO. Mr. Speaker, I ask ranged. office at 11:25 a. m., August 4, 1945. Mr. BULWINKLE. The·only program Respectfully yours, unanimous consent that the Committee on Expenditures in the Executive De­ for this week will be the message from SOUTH TRIMBLE, the President tomorrow, which will be Clerk of the House of Re~presentatives. partments may have permission to sit during the sessions of the House for the read at the Clerk's desk. There is no The SPEAKER laid before the House remainder of the week for the consid­ legislation for the week. the following veto message from the eration of the so-called reorganization Mr. MARTIN of·Massachusetts. Can President of the United States, which was bill. the gentleman tell us if he has anything read: The SPEAKER. Is there objection to in mind for next week? the request of the gentleman from Ala­ Mr. BULWINKLE. For next week, it To the House of Representatives: bama? is the desire of the Speaker that two I return herewith, without my ap­ There was no cibfection. bills'be taken up on Monday. One is the proval, H. ' R. 3549, "To provide for the bill which was just mentioned by the conveyance of certain Weather Bureau EXTENSION OF REMARKS gentleman from Alabama · [Mr. MA­ property to Norwich University, North­ Mr. COCHRAN (at the request of Mr. NASCo] H. R. 3907, the surplus-property field, Vt." BoNNER) was given permission to extend bill. That bill provides for a single Ad­ The bill authorizes the return to Nor­ his remarks in the RECORD and include a ministrator, the same as the House wich University, Northfield, Vt., of land statement by Han. Lindsay C. Warren, passed originally. ..

1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 8325 Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. And the RECORD and include a statement con­ thing v,:as saved by it. The purpose for that is the only change in the legislation? cerning a dinner given in honor of Mr. which it served is over and there is no Mr. BUL WINKLE. I understand that and Mrs. Sumner Welles. further need for daylight-savings time. probably it will be necessary to transfer DEMOBILIZATION OF THE ARMED FORCES The people everywhere in every walk of the funds from the triple group to the life want to return to standard time. single Administrator. Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I · There is no good reason why the people Mr. MARTIN of Massachusetts. But ask unanimous consent to address the in the shops, in the stores, in the fac­ that is the only fundamental change? House for 1 minute. tories, in the offices, and on the farms Mr. BULWTh.TKLE. Yes. Then there The SPEAKER. Is there objection to should be in their places of business be­ is the bill of the gentleman from Mis­ the request of the gentleman from Ohio? fore daylight. The present law works a sissippi [Mr. WHITTINGTON] H. R. 3660. There was no objection. hardship on practically everyone, espe­ wbich provides for the audit of Govern­ Mr. SMITH of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I cially the mothers and housewives, who_ ment corPorations. We hope to take am introducing a bill to amend the Se­ have to get the children to school in the that up on Monday. lective Service Act providing for the im­ towns, cities, and rural sections-many !vir. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Is mediate release frOI!l the armed services miles away from school-before daylight there anything else? of all enlisted married men and to have in the fall and winter months. Mr. BULWINKLE. No. them returned to their homes as quickly I hope the. Iqterstate and Foreign 1\tir. MARTIN of Massachusetts. Does as possible. Commerce Committee will consider the the Committee on Military Affairs have All further inductions should be bill immediately, and report the same out a bill up for next week? ' stopped at once. favorably. Germany and Japan having been com­ Mr. BULWINKLE. I have not been SERVICE DISCHARGES informed as to that. pletely crushed and having uncondi­ The SPEAKER. The Chair might tionally surrendered, Congress should Mr. LARCADK Mr. Speaker, I ask state that tomorrow we will know more immediately consider the problem of de­ unanimous consent-to address the House claring, by joint resolution, the war to for 1 minute, and to revise and extend about the arrangements for next week. ·be at an end. my remarks and include an editorial · CHINESE OCCUPATION OF JAPAN Congress should also give immediate from the Washington Post of September Mr. ROE of Maryland. ·Mr. Speaker, I consideration to releasing from the serv­ 4, as well as an article from the Wash­ ask unanimous consent to address the~ ice all enlisted men beyond a certain age ington Post by one of the newspaper House for 1 minute and to revise and and those who have been in active over­ commentators. extend my remarks. seas service. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Congress should further immediately the request of the gentleman from Lou­ the request -of the gentleman from Mary­ consider replacing all conscripted men isiana? land? for occupational duty with volunteers. There was no objection. There was no objection. No doubt more than enough men will Mr. LARCADE. Mr. Speaker, the Mr. ROE of Maryland.· Mr. Speaker, volunteer to serve in the occupational American people are interested in a more as a Nation, we are grateful to our mili­ forces to meet all requirements. Let us important matter at this moment than tary leaders and to our brave boys for see to it that our people retain the lib­ the Pearl Harbor investigation; There bringing the World War II to a victorious erty we were assured they were fighting is time for that. Our people are inter- ­ conclusion. Naturally, there is a de­ for. ested in the return of their sons, daugh­ mand throughout the Nation that our , It is absolutely necessary that our ters, husbands, fathers, and other mem­ men be returned to their ·homes and Army be demobilized and all war ex­ bers of their families who are in the families. penditures discontinued as quickly as hu­ armed forces, after provisions are made I want to urge most strongly upon our manly possible. It is just as necessary for occupation of Germany and Japan, leaders the use of Chinese soldiers to that the Federal bureaucracy be reduced and they are looking to the Congress to police and patrol Japan in cooperation at least to its predepression status and have them returned immediately, now with· General MacArthur and his men. that the Congress put the ax to every that the war is over, and I think that The Chinese are nearby; -have' ample Federal expenditure that is not abso­ subject should be first order of business manpower; they know the Japs better lutely necessary to the maintenance· of by this newly convene<:\ session of the than any of us; they have suffered more the simple Government founded by our Congress. from the Japs than any of us, and I know fathers. {From the Washington Post of September nothing would be more humiliating to the These things must be done if the value 4, 1945] Japs-and humiliation is, what the Japs of our bonds is to be preserved, to save SERVICE DISCHARGES need-than to have the Chinese put in the Federal Government from bank­ "The great majority of yo!J," said Presi­ authoritY over them. I urge this pro­ ruptcy, and to prevent our going the dent Truman on VJ-day, speaking to Ameri­ posal most strongly for the consideration totalitarian way of Russia and Euro­ can servicemen overseas, "will be returned t01 of our General Staff. pean states. · civilian life as soon as the ships and planes clln get you here. The task of moving so EXTENSION OF REMARKS TERMINATION OF. DAYLIGHT-SAVING many men and women thousands of miles Mr. LARCADE asked and was given TIME to their homes is a gigantic one. It will take permission to extend his remarks in the Mr. BROWN of Georgia. Mr. Speaker. months to accomplish. You have my pledge I ask unanimous consent to address the that we will do everything. possible to speed RECORD and include a newspaper report it up." The pledge is one which the men on the surrender of Japan. House for 1 minute and to ,revise and overseas have abundantly earned. The Army Mr. CELLER asked and was given per­ extend my remarks. decision to reduce from 85 to 80 the number mission to extend his remarks in the REc­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to of points required for discharge and to re­ ORD on four distinct subjects. the request of the gentleman from compute all records as of VJ-day will help to Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania asked Georgia? gi~e it reality. But 80 points still seems and was given permission to extend his There was no objection. to use a pretty high requirement now that remarks in the Rl:CORD and include an Mr. BROWN of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, actual combat operations are completed. I have today introduced a concurrent Figures are not now available as to the address by President William Green of number of men who will be kept in the Army the American Federation of Labor on resolution ft>r termination of the act of when all those with a score of 80 points or Labor Day. January 20, 1942, providing for daylight­ more have been release~. War Department Mr. MANSFIELD of Montana asked saving time. and return to standard time. officials declare that they wm effe<:t a further and was given permission to extend his The 1942 act provides that Congress reduction in the score as transportation fa­ remarks in the RECORD and include an may by concurrent resolution designate cilities from Europe and the Pacific become the date on which such act shall cease ·available. The transportation bottlene<:k in article from the Montana Standard of respect to men overseas is an obvious one. August 3, 1945. , to be in effect. Equally obviously, however, it does not apply Mr. DOYLE asked and was ·given per­ My resolution .provides for return to to men in uniform in this country. And mission to extend his remarks in the standard time on the· last Sunday of this while we recognize thz justice of making de­ RECORD. month. The daylight-saving time bas mobilization progressive---:-that is, of dis­ Mr. KOPPLEMANN asked and was been accepted by most of our people in charging all the higher-point men first--we given permission to extend his remarks in good spirit, but some never thought any~ do not ·see much sense in penalizing men 8326 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE SEPTEMBER 5 over here simply because transportation promise was announced officially and publicly quested that he further investigate the shortages impede the release of men with but apparently it was never meant. For, on case and to check on Baxter's statement higher scores abroad. August 7, Chief of Staff General Marshall held that since 1942 he has not been engaged The modest reduction of required points a press conference in which he stated most from 85 to 80 does not afford very· convincing emphatically that the point score would re­ in any kind of political work and disap­ indication that the generals have yet ad· main as is and there would be no lowering proves of anti-Semitism and racial re­ justed their sights to a peacetime Military of it. ligious hatred. I quote a paragraph Establishment. The Army needed by thiS Marshall's press conference was held just from Mr. Baxt~r's letter as follows: country in the imminent future is an Army after the atomic bomb.was dropped on Japan, I haven't been interested in politics or which will be but a fraction of its present after peace feelers already had been received racial-religious ideas since early 1942. This size; and this means it will be an Army from Japan, and 1 day before Russia came change of heart was not through fear but which will demand only a fraction of its into the war, Marshall knowing in advance because I became a convert to Christianity present number of generals. We cannot help that she was coming in. Yet the Chief of in that year and found out what love, toler­ wondering if it would not materially assist Staff spent at least half his press conference ance, and good w~ll means. From that time l'ecognition of this .hard fact on the part of telling why the Army must keep 7,000,000 men on I have tried to consistently follow out the generals if the job of reducing them to and denouncing Congress for wanting to have my faith and live down the publicity that regular status were not begun now. A colo· less. arose in 1942. There never has been hatred, nel does not have to have quite so many men SUGGESTION recriminations, or desire to reenter this serving under him as a major general. Suggestion to the War Department: . sordid political world on my part. During It should ·be acknowledged, of course, that Why not arrange a system of furloughs for the trial in 1944 neither my lawyer nor it takes time to muster men out of service. men marking time in United States camps, myself took any pa:r.t in the uproarious Discharge applications must be examined so they can go home for several months if demonstrations and race baiting that went and service records checked before soldiers the discharge centers are now swamped with on. I was and am quite willing to pay in full can be released. But even when full allow· the job of mustering men out? for any reai or fancied violation of the laws ance is made for such problems, it does not At present veterans with battle ribbons ac­ of the United States. When Justice Eicher appear that the Army is plunging into the tually are being used to pick up matches to severed me from the case, our ·little family task of demobilization with all the fervor keep them busy until the discharge machin· returned to our California home with hearts that might be desired. And 1f the Navy is ery is speeded up. Let them go home to their full of thanksgiving and I continued my showing any fervor at all in this connection, families. Picking up waste paper and going sign-painting business · while studying it is not yet discernible. Speedy, progres· through close-order drill is bringing GI blood theology. sive demobilization is vitally important not to boiling point and the lid may blow off at only for the men in uniform but for the the next elections or sooner. It was this paragraph of Mr. Ba~~ter's economy of the country as well. letter which impelled me to address the PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE Attorney General urging that he not be Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. THE WASHINGTON ~RRY-Go-ROUND subject to another trial. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that (By Drew Pearson) The SPEAKER. Is there objection to today, at tl).e conclusion of any special the request of the gentleman from Illi­ Members of Congress returning to work to­ orders heretofore entered, I may be per­ day are simply swamped with GI mail. It nois? has been pouring in-particularly from re· mitted to address the House for 15 There was no objection. turned veterans in the U.S. A., who have been minutes. · (The matter referred to is as follows:) The SPEAKER. Is there objection to kept marking time, waiting for the brass hats BAXTER, SIGNS, to let them go home. the request of the gentleman from Penn­ San Bernardino, Calif., August 7, 1945. The storm of protest is terrific. So much sylvania? The Honorable ADOLPH SABATH, so that the 1946 congressional elections, in There was no obJection. The House of Representatives, fact the reelection of President Truman, may EXTENSION OF REMARKS washington, D. c. be won or lost in the next few weeks-all DEAR 1IR .. SABATH: I note in the papers that hinging on one thing: Mr. SABATH asked and was given per­ you W'fsh to have the alleged seditionists "Was Governor Dewey right in his charge mission to extend in the Record an ad­ tried again and assert that they are carrying that the Democrats wanted to keep men in dress he made on the 25tt. of August on on their propaganda activities at this time. the Army and Navy after the war?" war employment and reconversion. I believe, sir, that had you examined the Politically the problem is TNT. · facts, you would not have included all of Meanwhile many Congressmen have be· TRIAL OF ALLEGED SEDITIONISTS them in this category. While I cannot speak come convinced that Army brass hats haven't Mr. SABATH. Mr. Speaker, I ask for the others, since I know nothing of their been playing fair with them regarding dis· unanimous consent to address the House activities, I can certainly assure you that I charge figures. And junior officers who do for 1 minute. am not engaged in any kind of political worl~ the statistical work will tell you privately The SPEAKER. Is there objection to and disapprove of anti-Semitism and racial that this is true. Army chiefs have been the request of the gentleman from religious hatred quite as much as you dq. giving figures to Congress which are com­ Illinois? · Certainly if you know the facts of my case pletely off bas~ . . you would not wish to see further injury For instance: Last June the Army told There was no objection. worked upon not merely myself but my wife Congress that there were only 160,00(} men Mr. SABATH. Mr. Speaker, about 6 and two children. I had to bring them to aged 38 and 39 .in the Army. This low figure weeks ago I requested the Attorney Gen­ Washington :f!or the trial last year so that was given to quiet the congressional demand eral to inform me when he was going to I could do part-time work to support them. that men of this age be released. The Army proceed with the ca~e of the 26 or 28 The truth is this: I haven't been inter­ claimed that Congress was being stampeded l)ersons who have been indicted fdr sedi­ ested in politics or racial-religious ideas since by a lobby of only a small number of men. tion. It was such an appealing letter early 1942. This change of heart was not But, in August, the Army turned round and that I sent it to the Attorney General through fear but because I became a convert announced that there were 300,000 men aged to Christianity in that year and ~ound out 38 and 39. Congressmen point out that 160,- with a recommendation that Baxter be what love, tolerance, and good will mean. 000 doesn't equal 300,000 in any arithmetic not included in the further trial of the From that time on I have tried to consistently book. And the number couldn't have in­ others charged wtih sedition. Mr. follow out my faith and live down the pub· creased between June and August, because Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to in­ licity that arose in 1942. There never has men over 30 were not being drafted. sert in the RECORD his letter, my answer, been hatred, recriminations, or desire to re· and the letter which I addressed to the enter this sordid political world on my part. MARSHALL SCOLDS CONGRESS During the trial in 1944 neither my lawyer Example No. 2: After the German war Attorney General in which I urged that nor myself took any part in the uproarious ended, t h e Army announced its 85-point sys­ Baxter be excluded from further Pl'Ose­ demonstrations and race baiting that went tem and the plan to discharge 1,388,000 men cution. on. I was and am quite willing to pay in under it. But now they have turned round Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, reserving full for any real or fancied violation of the and admitted ·to Congressmen that there are the right to object, if that letter would laws of the United States. When Justice less than 500,000 men with 85 points in all war free him from any charges of subversive Eicher severed me from the case, our little theaters, including the United States of activities, that would be all right, but family returned to our California home with America. hearts full of thanksgiving, and I continued Again Congressmen point out that 1,388,000 do you not think that the Attorney Gen­ my sign-painting business while studying doesn't equal 500,000, and they suspect that eral should have the privilege of includ­ theology, being licensed to the ministry this the Army gave out the higher figure last May ing him in with thQse men who are going year. We are members of the Lutheran with no real int ention of living up to it. to be tried and if the man is innocent, Church. Certainly the Army made no effort to re­ then let the Attorney·General free him? At present I have a small job as editor of a d "L~ c e the 85-point score between VE-day and Mr. SABATH. I sent Mr. Baxter's let· monthly interchurch magazine which circu­ VJ-day, despite its promise to do so. That ter to the Attorney General and re- lates in this area and have consistently tried 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE · 8327 to follow a Christian, liberal policy, often em­ AUGUST 30, 1945. curred with the Army repurt making Lt. Gen. phasizing racial and religious liberty and tol­ Hon. TOM C. CLARK, Walter C. Short .a scapegoat again as did the erance. Am enclosing two recent issues con­ The Attorney General ot the United investigation headed by former Justice Owen taining editorials on this subject. Also a States, I}epartment of Justice, Wa~h­ J. Roberts, of the Supreme Court. copy of my personal testimony. Our maga­ ington, D. C. The Navy court of inquiry, likewise foJ.low- zine is circulated in this area by Baptist, DEAR MR. ATTORNEY GENERAL: Enclosed is 1ng the lines of the Roberts commission, , Presbyterian, Lutheran, Nazarene, and other a letter which I have received from Mr. David tagged another guilty count on Admiral Hus­ churches. _Most.of the ministers of this city ,;Baxter, of San Bernardino, Calif., one of the band E. Kimmel, bracketing him with Short, will be glad to send you statements of my 29 men indicted for sedition. and bringing a new figure into the picture­ ' character and work if you like. The South­ His -letter appeals to me very strongly and Admiral Harold R. Stark, Chief ol' Naval Oper­ ern California Branch of the American Civil if, upon your investigation, It is found that ations at the time of Pearl Harbor. He is al­ Liberties Union, of which I am a member, he has seen the error of his ways, I respect­ leged to have neglected to do the things nec­ will also be glad to vouch for,me, I'm sure. fully suggest that he be excluded from among essary to prevent the disaster. Wit h Secre- You see, Mr. SAJiiATH, unregenerate men in those whom you plfln to proceed against ' tary of the Navy James Forrestal concurring, this old world do all kinds of things-go in again. the Navy court recommended that neither for all kinds of political "thinking. They If there are any others like him who have Kimmel nor Stark should ever again be placed make mistakes, too, as I ditl when attacking ceased in their un-American and sedittous in posts requiring superior judgment. Both the late President Roosevelt's foreign policies. activities, I feel that they, too, should be are in retirement as is also Short. Secretary But there is a saying that "the wise man given consideration. of the Navy Frank Knox is dead and so cannot changes his mind; the fool n~ver .:• Certainly Sincerely yours, give his version. narrow religious barriers and isolationism are A. J. SABATH. With all their wordage and painstaking­ becoming things of the past, and, with the EXTENSION OF REMARKS if not painful-adherence "to the book," the increase in scientific advancement, it would three documents tell the American public appear that national isolationism Will fade Mr. PHILBIN asked and was given per­ little it did not know or at least surmise of out, tqo, though I am personally. concerned mission to extend his remarks and· in­ the obvious facts leading up to Pearl Harbor. with the former. The latter is a matter in clude therein a speech made by him on Of course, Hull was wrong. Of course, Stim­ the hands of yourself and other American son was wrong. Of course, Marshall was statesmen. · Labor Day at Shrewsbury, Mass., at the outing of the Worcester County Indus­ wrong. They were wrong because the whole Now as to the resume of the sedition trial, system in Washington was wrong. The whole which you proposed, if the Government trial Council of the CIO.- system was wrong because it was centered in, wishes to try me for youthful caprices of Mr. KEOGH asked and was given per­ and dominated by, one man, Franklin D. years ago, I am sur.ely willing to be tried, if mission to extend his remarks and to in­ Roosevelt. He "was" the War Department, I am supposed to have broken the law, but it clude therein certain letters and excerpts. the· Navy Department, and the State Depart­ would be a great fa:vor were you to suggest from other letters. ment. that I be tried in some Federal court in Los It was Roosevelt, as we know, who was re­ Angeles or some other city not so fat distant Mr. ANGELL asked and was given per­ mission to extend his remarks in two in­ sponsible for Pearl Harbor. The 130,000 words as Washington. I am sorry that any Ameri­ all point up that fact-some by significant can of Jewish or any other racial descent stances and in,clude certain excerpts. interence when they have reached certain should still consider me an enemy of their PEARL HARBOR high levels of Washington officialdom, others race or religious belief after I've tried to make by gratuitous defense of F. D. R., as in the amends, but it seems there is nothing I can Mr. RICH. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ case of Stimson. The Army report itself came ,do about it except to tell the truth. imous consent to address the House for as near as it dared to the White House in a The Reverend Harvey V. Prentice, the super­ 1 minute and to include an editoriaL­ section summarizing "responsibilities in intendent of the Gospel Mission, 810 Fifth The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Washington." Speaking of Hull and his Street NW., Washington, would, I am sure, 'handling of the powder-keg situation in late be glad to corroborate what ·I have told you the request of the gentleman from Penn­ sylvania? November of 1941, it said: were you to invite him to-your office for a talk. "The responsibility apparently assumed by He is well aware of my attitude toward the There was no objection. the Secretary of State (and we have no other various people who stir up anti-Semitic and Mr: .RICH. Mr. Speaker, a short time proof that anyone else assumed the respon­ racial and religious ant~gonisms and has been ago the Chief Executive made the state­ sibility finally and definitely) was to deter­ a confidant of mine since my · conversion to ment that all the American people were Christianity. mine when the United, States would reach an responsible for the atrocious act at Pe~rl impasse with Japan. It was the Secretary of With best wishes and trusting that God State who was in charge of the negotiations may guide you and our Representatives in Harbor. I do not share that responsi­ bility, nor do I want the people in my with the Japanese. • • • He was the con­ justice and charity, I remain tact man and the responsible negotiatol"." Sincerely, district to assume that responsibility. Hull remains silent so far as the present DAVID BAXTER. But this article which I have asked to be investig-ations are concerned. The 74-year­ inserted from the Times-Herald places old Tennessean was probably the closest man AUGUST 30, 1945. the responsibility for the Pearl Harbor to F. D. R. 1n the Roosevelt Cabinet. Mr. DAVID BAXTER, disaster. I share greatly. the sentiment Only a full-dress congressional investiga­ San Bernardino, Calif. expressed in the Times-Herald editorial. tion could bring Hull's story into the open DEAR MR. BAXTER: This is to acknowledge I feel that the American people are not ' along with the necessary · revelations of F. and thank you for your enlightening an.d responsible. Nor do they want it said D. R.'s relationship with Hull, Stimson, Knox, manly letter of August 7. that our great Army and our great Navy etc., etc. Hull's testimony is vital if the You may rest assured that I will do noth­ and- meri in high Government circles, American public is to get the real truth of ing that would result in any injustice to one Pearl Harbor. A congressional inquiry could who so frankly bas seen the error of his who are supposed to guard and protect also · summon key figures of the Roosevelt ''youth caprices" and is now sincerely en­ this Nation, are blaming the American secretariat. gagfl(l in making amends to his God and to people. For tl:re good or the evil that will come out llis fellow men. I fiimly believe that the people back of this war-and it may take some years to · After all, what we both seek and strive home are not responsible. assess those factors--Roosevelt, in our opin­ for is an end to "man's inhumanity to man,"

SWIFT REFORM NEEDED charges iii the past; also to make certain that lined in our postwar report and in the legis­ With the surrender of Japan you must pre­ doctors, nurses, and hospitals are released lation creating the office of, Reemployment pare now fot discharges in the millions. Re­ from military service in proportion to the and Retraining. You may find yourself com­ organization, modernization, and expansion discharges of wounded and reductions in pelled to move into some of those gaps deal- of the Veterans' Administration cannot be troop strengths. Otherwise, how are the 1:ng directly with these matters. delayed. Unless there is prompt, corrective Veterans' Administration ·or the communi­ CREATE NEW MEDICAL SERVICE action, the disillusionment and bitterness ties to carry out their responsib1lities to the wounded? Turning to the Veterans' Administration, I that have spread among some veterans and would recommend: their kin will steadily worsen. Aggravating ONE CENTER TO A COMMUNITY II. A clean-cut division in the Veterans your difficulties is the fact that the human 3. To see to it that in each community Agency between medical and non-medical side of demobilization is being neglected there is only one place where veterans need matters, creating a new Veterans Medical tragically. go--in dignity, not charity-to learn all of Service under the head of an outstanding Solution of the veterans' problems does their rights and ho-w to get them. This was medical man. not-cannot--proceed alone. During the one of the more urgent recommendations in Until now veterans' meClical care has been period when our soldiers and sailors will be our postwar report. In too many communi­ too much subordinated to the legal and fiscal shedding their uniforms, six to eight million ties, veterans still ·are being given the run­ matters connected with benefits of all kinds. workers in strictly war industries will be around from agency to agency. Where ·such It must be freesi from the thumb of the law­ shifting jobs or homes. The ultimate goal of aU-in-one centers have been established, as yer and benefit payer. Lifted to a level of any veterans' program 'must be to restore in Bridgeport, Conn; Richmond, Va.; New autonomous independence, its primary em­ the returning soldier and sailor to the com­ York City; Los Angeles, Calif.; and elsewhere, phasis should be the quickest and fullest re­ munity-socially, economically and humanly. they have eased the handling of every veteran · covery of the veteran and his or her return to '!"his cannot be accomplished except as part problem, medical care, benefits, loans, em­ society as a self-supporting, self-respecting of the larger program embracing the whole ployment. A network of such centers would citizen. of human demobilization. One terrible contribute greatly to any plans qf yours for Various suggestions have been m ade as to d anger of failure may be to set the veteran decentralizing the Veterans' Administratiqn. the form this new Veterans' Medical Service off from the rest of the Nation, cherishing JOBS AND TRAINING should take. None of these details of or­ the grievance of having been wronged, at odds ganization are as important as is the choice with fellow-Americans, his feelings an ex­ 4. To develop a unified, detailed employ­ of the man who is to head this service. Even plosive fuel ready to be ignited by some ment and training program, anticipating as 1 a good man and an autonomous service, by future demagogues. far as practifal the needs of both veterans themselves, are not enough. A complete and displaced war workers. This would in­ END HUMAN "NO MAN'S LAND" transformation of veterans' medical .care is clude settling the conflict in interpretation There now prevails a "no man's land" of over section 8 of the Selective Service Act on needed. neglect of the human problems of the seniority rights (or request Cqngress to clarify IMPAR!IAL MEDICAL STUD~ change-over from war to. peace. Tb,e very the law); other seniority problems;. special· III. A small, fast-working, independent first need in the .!?resent situation is: programs for the disabled; adequate job place­ committee should be named to make an im­ - I. A vigorous, imaginative "Work Director," · ment machinery for ·au workers; personalized partial study of every aspect of veterans' to vitalize the post of Administrator of Re­ job guidance, particularly for veterans who medical care, formulating recqmmendations training and Reemployment to accomplish its have never worked before; working with both for completely transforming the Veterans' original purpose of making certain the hu­ labor unions and business groups in relaxing Medical Service into one that provides a chal­ man side of demobilization is not forgotten. barriers to employment, such as initiation lenge to . all that is progressive in medical This is beyond your own authority. I fees, apprenticeship rules, etc. This is espe­ practice. - . emphasize it because until this post is ef­ cially important in those fields such as con­ This committee need not attempt a single, fectively filled, you will be hampered in the struction, which can provide a greater num­ huge study bu_t could take up successively the execution of your own responsiBilities. So ber of jobs in peace than during the war. · many different problems, reporting its find­ wiH be every other administrator of the many ings as it went along. Its work should be aspects of demobilization. COMBAT BOTTLENECKS organized to supplement--not delay-any im­ The concept of Work Director can be briefly 5. While rationing, priorities, and other mediate reforms that the new Medical Di­ summarized. Between the many agencies · restrictions remain in force, this Work Direc­ rector win wish to put into effect. Its imme­ involved in the demobilization there exist au tor should see that veterans obtaining loans diate studies completed and made public sorts of twilight zones or gaps of responsi­ to·start businesses receive the materials and through you, some such committee should be bility, innumerable overlappings or conflicts commodities they need. The Work Director established on a permanent basis. It would of authority. We wanted to q.void the hu­ must not be content simply because a "regu­ serve as a continuing review group, reporting man problems falling, uncared for, between lation" has been issued but should see that it regularly to the public through you on the. the agencies: Therefore, the Report on War works. progress in improving veterans' medical care; and Postwar Adjustment Policies, which I ARTIFICIAL LIMBS recommending any additional measures that prepared with John M. Hancock,' recom­ may become necessary; making certain the 6. To step up and coordinate the artificial latest scientific techniques are properly insti­ mended that there be a "single, unforgetful limb program, unifying the work of all mind" to "unify all of the forces of the execu­ tuted as soon as proven. · agencies, so that all amputees are given the I urge . that reports of this committee be tive branch dealing with the human side of best possible limbs immediately and replace­ demobilization" and to develop "a compre­ made public because of the sharp, prolonged ments provided for those who have received criticism of veterans' medical care. An in­ hensive program for meeting these prob­ inferior limbs. Many of our wounded still lems," working with Congress. This Work Di­ dependent sifting of the charg~s that have are being fitted with legs and arms known to been made and announcement of reforms to rector, as we called him, later was given the be inferior because production of newer, types correc~ whatever faults may be found is nec­ official title of Administrator of Retraining is slow; procuretnent has lacked drive and and Reemployment. We considered this post essary to restore the confidence of the public, organization. Not until last January were 'including the veterans and their families. so important, we recommended that it be the manufacturers of artificial legs brought tilled by "a man of such outstanding caliber Many of the measures you will wis)l to adopt together .to develop standardized specifica­ Will require publiC. understanding and sup­ as to command the immediate confidence of tions. The committee on prosthetic devices the country." port. Fully publicizing your new medical of the National Research Council, now ener­ program also will immediately raise the pres­ Unfortunately, although 18 months have getically pushing the improvement of de­ passed sin'Ce the issuance of our report . on tige of the new Veterans' Medical Service. signs for artificial legs and arms, held its first This is so necessary if sufficfent numbers of February 15, 1944, and almost a year since meeting only last March. Root of the dt:llay Congress created the necessary office, an ef­ new doctors of high quality-so sorely need­ has been that no one administrator took full ed-are to be attracted to the service. fective program of human demobilization responsibility for organizing and driving still is lacking. through a completely worked-out, artificial MERIT NOT SE...'UORITY Among the things for which you should be limb program. Recruiting new, good doctors is of such able to look to the Work Director are: · importance in any program for improving WHAT VETERANS SHOULD KNOW REVIEW DEMOBILIZATION PLANS veterans' medical care I would recommend: 7. To develop an effective program for in­ IV. Substantial · increases in salaries of 1. To maintain a running review of the forming veterans of what they need to know. plans for demobilizing the armed forces, dis­ doctors, nurses, technicians, and others in They should be reached while still in service the new medical service; a promotion system charge procedures and policies of b0th the and after their return to civilian lifl:l when Army and Navy, harmonizing and integrating based on professional ability and skill their problems are actually upon them. against waiting in the line of seniority; free­ their programs with the whole of the change­ Many agencies must share in this program; over to peace. ing doctors of needless paper ·work through the Work Director should take the leader­ more efficient hospital administration; ample RELEASE DOCl'ORS, HOSPITALS ship, coordinating the efforts _of all. opportunities for doctors to grow profession­ 2. Specifically, ln this connection, to see Those are only a few o! the tasks of the ally th_rough postgraduate and refresher that any ;faults in discharge procedures are Wcrk Director, whose scope covers the hu­ studies and through effective ties with cen­ promptly corrected, as the too loose use of man problems of both veterans and . war ters of medical education and skill; the es­ the label "psychoneurotic" 1n medical dis- _ ,workers. His duties are more completely out- tablishment of ample research facilities ~nd . 8336 CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE SEPTEMBER 5 encouragement of research by veterans• ability. I am informed by many doctors that anteed portion ts another $2,000 or $4,000 in doctors. in certain cases benefits do the patient more all. If one-half the 10,000,000 eligible veter­ Among the matters which should be in­ harm than good, by encouraging so-called ans take advantage of it, that means $20,000,- cluded in the impartial study by the medical "pensionitis." No veteran should be depi:ived 000,000 of borrowings. Think of that pres­ committee are: · of any pension or benefit rightfully due him. sure going into the market for homes, farms, But surely a system can be developed which or businesses in 2 years I What a harvest PSYCHIATRIC NEED GREAT will give the veteran his just allowance and high-pressure salesmen will reap unless the 1. A psychiatric program, both immediate still not hamper his physical recovery. Per­ time is extended! and long-range. This is, perhaps, the field haps no aspect of veterans• medical reform Spread over' 10 years, the GI loans can where there is the widest gap between _need is more important. Many so-called psycho­ serve as a stabilizing force, humanly as and established medical facilities. Already neurotics could be left mental cripples for well as economically. Many veterans may several hundred thousand-be-called "psycho­ life, as if victims of botchy surgery, by an prefer attending school before buying a neurotics" have been discharged from the unwise pension and benefit system. This home, farm, or business. Others, who plan armed services. (One out of every four or matter profoundly affects the whole of vet­ on going into business, will have a better five appearing before Selective Service was erans' medical care in that it tends to breed chance to succeed if they first gain experi­ rejected for some type of mental disease or cynicism and defeatism throughout the ence by taking a job in the particular line. nervous defe-ct.) Yet in the entire country organization. For veterans really to be helped into busi­ there are reported to be only about 3,500 9. Study the problems raised by distinc­ ness·, the present 50-percent guaranty on trained psychiatrists, many of them in the tions in medical care between disabilities business loans is too low. In New Jersey, service. -Included in any long-range, psychi­ which are service connected and those which a 90-percent guaranty is provided by State atric program should be plans for training a are non-service connected. law. Much of the red tape that has proven vastly greater personnel over the years; stim­ 10. The Veterans' Administration's part in so frustrating to veterans can be reduced by ulated research; and a Nation-wide network the artificial limb program. One thing I devising a system by which loans are made of out-patient clinics, since most psycho­ would like to see done is to have a continuous, virtually automatic on approval by the local neurot ic ills can be treated without hospi­ progressive, limb-replacement program, since bank. talization. As an immediate measure, quick designs will ~?teadily improve. A contact PROTECT AGAINST INFLATION · training programs can be given, following the system should be set up now for all ampu­ example of what the Army has done in the tees--15,000 art present. This will speed re­ Extending the time limit of veterans' loans war. · placements and aid in checking on the .per­ to 10 years will go far to relieve restrictive 2. Establishment of a system of interne­ formance of various types of limbs, con­ effects of the requirement in the present law ships and residencies in veterans' hospitals. tributi~g to research and improvement. forbidding loans wllere the purchase price ls above "reasonable normal value." This pro­ 3. In place of the present medical organi­ DECENTRALIZE VETERANS' AGENCY zation so largely geared to hospitalization, to vision was put into the bill to guard veterans develop a more flexible system of medical On the non-medical side of the Veterans against purchasing properties at inflated care which will include greater emphasis on Agency I would recommend: wartime levels, only to have to repay these _ out-patient clinics for veterans who do not V. That a similar, small, fast-working com­ debts in deflated dollars. In wartime need hospitalization; more extended use of mittee of impartial experts be named to re­ markets it is not easy to find properties that local physicians and medical facilities; reha­ view all nonmedical matters to formulate have not become inflated above their ·~rea­ bilitation centers, sheltered workshops, and recommendations for simplifying, modern­ sonable normal value." Over a 10-year period, other modern developments. izing, and decentralizing the operations of market values should tend to be more the agency. normal. NEW HOSPITAL CONSTRUCTION This committee should go into the speed­ GI TAX INCENTIVE 4. Revise the program of future veterans• ing of payments of every kind while still hospital construction to allow for this new protecting the public interest. Doubtless, It is no bene:dt to the veteran to give him a loan he cannot repay, chaining him to debt flexibility and for the goals of the new yo~ have seen complaints of del!j.ys in set­ like a galley slave. At current tax rates few Veterans' Medical 'service, with modern re­ tling death claims and disability pensions; ~of . search facilities and with veterans' hospitals veterans who have protested that they were new enterprises could be made to pay for locate1 so that closer contact can be main­ forced to leave school because their checks themselves in any reasonable period. I tained with established medical centers. for living allowances. did not come through. would recommend to the Congress: Veterans' hospital construction must be inte­ The enormous volume of veterans' laws needs VII. That an incentive ~ax of ,25 percent grated with new civilian hospital construc- codifying; the mass of regulations simplify­ less than the normal rate be given veterans tion. ' Ing. I would turn this committee loose on - opening new businesses, this difference to be 5. Shatter the hopeless defeatism that each and every program in your agency. One applied in repayment of their loans up to looming problem will be the peacetime con­ $25,000. . - now prevails in the treatment of veterans who I feel this special tax incentive for vet­ have been paralyzed through wounds to the version of the life insurance held by veterans. With its $136,000;000,000 of face-value poli­ erans necessary because, with the pressures spinal cord or key nerves. With the best for inflation that now prevail, it would not modern care, it has been demonstrated, cies, the Veterans' Administration. runs the largest insurance business in the world. be safe to embark on too drastic a general many patients now discarded to hopeless in­ tax reduction at this time. validism can be en'abled to move about on Once this committee had completed its im­ their own and even become self-supporting. mediate tasks, I would have it set up as a ON.E HOME-LOAN PLAN 6. Determine how to jnsure that the latest permanent group constantly reviewing and ­ With home loans, veterans are finding the scientific and medical techniques are intro­ simplifying procedure. In operations of such law confusing :n that two different methods magnitude there must be an unceasing battle duced in the ~rcatment of every ailment. for home ~nancing are embodied in the law. against creeping red tape and needless paper each having certain advantages. The best LIAISON WITH MILITARY work. in both plans should be merged into a· single 7. Effective liaison between the new Vet­ OVERHAUL GI RIGHTS arrangement which comes closest to meeting erans' Medical Service and the medical VI. The so-called GI bill of rights should the needs of the veterans, with a flat 4-per­ branches of the armed services. At present be _ overhauled, particularly regarding GI cent-interest rate, payments spread over no liaison worthy of mentioning exists. loans, whose provisions should be made effec­ equal monthly installments, sound ap­ Among the benefits would be the prompt tive over 10 years instead of 2, the per­ praisal, and mortgages fully guaranteed by funneling into the Veterans Service of the centage of guaranty raised and working cap­ the Government. The entire program should latest medical advances developed during the ital provided. be administered by the National Housing war; the timing and organization of all Congress is quite alert to the need for such Administration. This would relieve the Vet­ medical discharges; coordinating medical changes, and I believe swift corrective action erans .Agenc·y of one of its many-enough records so that unnecessary duplication In can be had l! you use your executive ability jobs. The Ecale of possible veteran home records and examination can be eliminated. to bring together the best thoughts of the borrowing may be quite large and should be While the new Veterans' Medical Service is axecutive branch on these matters with those unified with other housing programs. being reformed, you may want to devise a of the Congress. I would suggest, therefore, Some of the educational provisions need program by which the wounded will be kept that you name several persons to make an tightening, as providing adequate protection under military medical care for a longer extensive study of all the numerous features against fly-by-night trade schools which may spring up to exploit tlie veteran. In some period. Arrangements co.uld be made to give of. veteran legislation that need amending States so-called second-injury laws are prov­ these wounded any necessary veterans' bene­ and to work with Congress on this whole ing an obstacle to the employment of dis­ fits. matter. abled veterans. This should be c9rrected. REDUCE "PENSIONITIS" As an example of how loosely drawn some features of the GI law are, under the Act each STUDY ADDITIONAL ~ENEFITS 8. Examine the present pension system, enlisted veteran is authorized to borrow for The matter of additional benefits for vet­ both in administration and legislation, to either the purchase of a home or ·farm or to erans and. their families could be made part eliminate or reduce deterrents to full re­ go into business, but this must be done in of this legislative study. I know it would covery or incentives to malingering, while two years. The Government will guarantee come as a shock to the American people to still retaining Just compensation for dis- $2,000 of such.loans. Let us say, the unguar- ·learn that we have not treated our veterans 1945 CONGRESSIONAL REC.ORD-HOUSE 8331 as generously as some other countries have THE END OF THE WAR United States made his public statement theirs. A study comparing the GI provisions and recommendation with respect to the of the United St ates, Britain, Canada, New Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. Zealand, South Africa, and Australia has been Speaker, I aslt: unanimous consent to ad­ lend-lease debts there has been wide dis­ prepared for me and I shall send it t_o you. dress the House for 1 minute. cussion among the American people con­ The question of including merchant sea­ The SPEAKER Is there objection to cerning the course this Nation should men under veterans' benefits could be part Qf the request of the gentleman froni adopt. I believe it is impossible for us to this legislative study. California? expect that these nations could repay us NO SUPER-SALESMANSHIP There was no objection. $42,000,000,000 less the amount we re­ One final recommendation of ·great im­ Mr. VOORHIS of California. Mr. ceived from them in reverse lend-lease portance-veterans must be protected against Speaker, it is true·that the official decla­ because they simply do not have the super-salesmanship designed to sell them ev­ ration of the end of the war has riot money. I believe - too that for us to erything and anything. It is most n~cessary been made. It is certainly true that ·as anticipate that we ·could accept from that in each community the veteran be able them payment in kii;ld, which means that .in we come back here, · other Members like to get proper advice making his plans, in myself, are deeply concerned about many we would accept all sorts and all kinds borrowing money and its expenditure, in · of manufactured articles, is not wise not­ deciding on education and employment. It and difficult problems that must be was my hope that the aU-in-one centers in solved. However, I cannot refrain from withstanding the desire of the American the communities would fill this need. If not, pointing out that this is the first day people to s~ure some repayment of those it should be provided in another way. upon which the Congress has met since .debts. If we were to accept payment in In conclusion, I extend to you my best the terrible conflict of war 'and the killing kind it would stagnate our own economy Wishes and whatever assistance I can be in and it would catapult us into a depression . the future. In many ways the success in of men, women, and children stopped in the world. I want in this place to ex­ that would probably be ruinous. Never­ meeting the .problems of the returning vet~ theless, I believe that in the minds of the eran will be the acid test of our democracy. press my word of thankfulness to 'God American people there is the thought For we have here a matter in which there that this is true. As far as the anxiety is no question of \vhat our people would like that some attempt should be made for the safety ·or their loved ones of mil­ by oli.r allies to compensate this country to see done. What is at question is our lions a~d millions of people throughout competence ·to carry out obligations which the world is concerned, as far as the in some way for the generous aid we all of us recognize and wish to see fulfilled. gave to them so unstintingly. We must not fail the veteran-for then we pain and suffering of soldiers, sailors, I am not one of those who believes we fail ourselves. ·we fail our Nation with its marines, and airmen· of our country is should be a Shylock. I think the contri­ heritage of .greatness which is the challenge conc~rned, the war is ended. It seems bution our allies have made to the defeat to all the world. We must show that our to me after all that is the main thing of our common enemies is one that calls political and economic syst~m which met the and by infinite measure th·e gladdest test of war so magnificently can be turned for a great deal of praise on the part of news that has come to this planet in the Amer.ican people, but I feel that some as effectively to the solution of human prob­ many a lon·g year. . lems in the return to peace. of our allies could very well consider . Sincerely yours, The S~EAKER. The time of the gen­ making gestures toward the United B. M. BARUCH. tleman from California has expired. States, which would not in any way im­ The SPE.tlKER. The time of the gen­ THE ATOMIC BOMB AND WORLD PEACE pair their own defenses but which would tlewoman from Massachusetts has ex­ Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, I ask give to the United States some things we . unanimous consent to address the House need in the future for the defense of pired. America. EXTE..~SION OF REMARKS for 1 minute and to revise and extend my remarks. Shortly after VE-day ·a subcommittee · Mr. PITTENGER asked and was given The SPEAKER. Is there objection to of the Committee on Naval Affairs made permission to extend his remarks in the the request of . the gentleman from a trip to Europe. We went by the south­ RECORD aud include an editori.al and a Mississippi? ern route. We were campelle.d to remain. newspaper item. · There was no objection. in Bermuda 2 days awaiting the arrival Mr. LUDLOW asked and was given Mr. RANKIN. Mr. Speaker, in reply of our naval liaison officer who had been permission to extend his remarks in the to the gentleman from California [Mr. detained in Washington because of a Appendix of the RECORD in two particu-· VooRHIS], I desire to say that from a _death in his family. We utilized every lars, in one to include the text of a reso­ fighting standpoint the war is over. minute of those 2 days in securing infor­ mation with respect to everything of im­ lution w}1ich he introduced and in the If the American p~ople have the wis­ other to include an editorial from the dom to preserve the secrets of the atomic portance in the island of Bermuda. I do Indianapolis News. bomb, to maintain the machinery for its not believe we should attempt to liqui­ Mr. RANDOLPH asked and was given production, keep the strongest Air Force date the British Empire by demanding permission to insert in the RECORD a let­ in the world, maintain a Navy seconQ. to from the English those things th~y need ter which he sent today to the President none, then help to preserve the peace for their own sustenance or for their own or the United States with reference to among the nations of the world and de­ defense. I do not believe we should ask taxes in connection with the possible de­ mand that other nations do the same them to cede us every base we acquired velopment of atomic energy. . thing, in my humble opinion wars will be on a 99-year lease in return for the de­ Mr. RANDOLPH asked ·and was given over for a long time. stroyers we gave to them before we went permission to extend his remarks in the From the date the first atomic bomb into the war; and I do not think it would RECORD and include a very excellent ar­ exploded over Hiroshima-that is ancient have been wise on our part when we gave ticle by Wayne Parrish which, explains history. . them those 50. destroyers to have said the devastation wrought by bombing over We are in the dawning of a new day. to them: "Before we give you this aid Germany, which he desired his col­ I, for one, ·am in favor of America you must cede to us these bases we think leagues to read. maintaining those secrets, keeping up we need for our own future protection." Mr. CURLEY asked and was given per­ that machinery, holding those bombs, Notwithstanding the fact that prac­ mission to extend his own remarks in maintaining the strongest Air Force in tically every nation in history in sim­ the RECORD. the world, and a Navy second to none, in ilar circumstances has demanded some­ order that our boys may not have to shed thing in return before they extend­ PERMISSION TO ADDRESS THE HOUSE their blood all over the world in another ed any aid to another nation dur­ I Mr. CANNON of · Missouri. Mr. disastrous conflict 25 years from today. ing a war, I do not think it would have been a sporting or a just thing for U$ to Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that The SPEAKER. ~he time of the gen­ after the disposition of business on the tleman from Mississippi has expired. have been rapacious enough to say to the · Speaker's table and any previous orders Under a previous order of the House, British Empire in the' hour of its need: heretofore entered, .I may address . the "Before" we extend this aid to you we the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. mlist have this territory of yours in ex­ House for 10 minutes today. ' BRADLEY] is recognized for 15 minutes~ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to change," and I am glad we did not do it. the request of the gentleman from Mis­ REPAYMENT OF LEND-LEASE I today do not believe we should ask for souri? Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. any wholesale ceding by the British Em­ There was no objection. Speaker, since the . President of the pire to us of those territories which might 8332 CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE SEPTEMBER 5. be a part of their own internal economy; square miles and, as I stated, they could Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I but with respect to Bermuda there is not exist for 6 months if the United thank the gentleman. I recall very nothing in those islands that in any way States made it impossible for Americans clearly his actions at that time, and I can be used to maintain the British Em­ to go there and spend their money. want to commend him for his foresight. pire, and the British Empire does not Mr. Speaker, I would not ask anything I think that if due to the objections need those islands for its own protection. unreasonable from the British Empire, of the inhabitants of the Bermuda Is­ The only industry in the Bermuda Is­ but we have set up great bases in Ber­ lands there would be obstacles in the se­ lands is that of American tourists. They muda. We had an operating base there curing of these islands. by the United raise nothing, they have no resources, du.ring the wat and we had a naval air States, that the United States Govern­ their only products are a few thousand station there from which we maintained ment would be justified on the ground tons of garden vegetables. · They import . our reconnaissance in the Caribbean and of expediency, because it is of vital con­ everything they need to maintain life in­ South Atlantic and from which we sent cern to us in connection with our own the islands of Bermuda, and all their out ships to convoy in the Atlantic~· The national defense, to institute passport revenue comes from the money that flows British activities were nil, although they arrangements to make it impossible or to into those islands from tourists from the still maintained their vice admiral there, make it difficult for American citizens to United States. who simply lived in his house. There was go there, in order that these people in I do not think th~t the British Empire not a single ship under his command the Bermuda Islands might realize that itself could offer any serious objection to there. their total economy is dependent upon ceding to us the islands of Bermuda, In my opinion, the British Empire the United States, and that they might because they get nothing from those should look with favor on ceding these be in a receptive frame of mind in re­ islands. True, it is the seat of the British islands to the United States. Opposition gard to any arrangements we might be admiral who commands the British West would probably come from the inhabi­ able to make with Great Britain. Indies' squadron, but, to all intents and tants of the islands, those few people Mr. COLE of New York. Mr. Speaker, purposes, it forms no major chain in the who control the economy of the islands, will the gentleman yield? defense of the British Empire. who pay no tax~s for anything they own Mr. BRADLEY of. Pennsylvania. I Mr. Speaker, I think the greatest ob­ and no income tax for all this great flow yield to my distinguished colleague from jection would come from the people of of money coming from the United States. New York, ·who was in Bermuda with Bermuda, and for this reason I would like The President, through the Secretary me as a member of that subcommittee. to give to-the Members of the House some of State, should make overtures to the Mr. COLE of New York. The gentle­ facts with respect to the economy of Ber­ British Empire for the purpose of nego­ man has expressed the belief that the muda. First of all, it is probably the tiating the ceding of these islands to the British people would look with favor upon utopia of this earth for those who have, United States. his proposal that these islands be turned and just the opposite for those who have Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. Speaker, will over to the American jurisdiction. But not. There is no income tax in tbe the gentleman yield? just so that the gentleman's hopes might islands of Bermuda; there is no real­ Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. I not be unjustifiably alleviated, I should estate tax. Just imagine that; no real­ yield · to the gentleman from West Vir­ like to remind him that a subcommittee estate tax and no income tax. There is ginia. of the Committee on Naval Affairs ap­ a population of about 30,000 people, 45 Mr. RANDOLPH. I have been inter­ proximately a year ago recommended percent colored and 55 percent white. ested in the persuasive manner with that the military bases which we have The white people are descendants of which the -gentleman has spoken of the in the British Isles in the Atlantic be British settlers there of centuries ago. Bermuda group of islands and the possi-· changed from a 99-year basis to a per­ The right to vote is bound up with the bility of them being ceded to the United manent basis. The spokesman for the ownership of property. In· other words, States by Great Britain. There are addi- British Government at that time, the you cannot vote if you do not own prop­ - tional islands in the North Atlaf!tic, the Prime Minister, the representative of the erty. There are nine election districts in Caribbean and other waters which are British people as of that date, very em­ the islands of Bermuda. If one owns held at the present time by France and phatically said that the British Govern­ property in each of tl~ose districts, he Great Britain that could rightly be con­ ment was not interested in yielding any inay vote in all of them. Each district sidered in the sphere of influence of this further territory or making any further elects four members to the island legisla­ Nation, and which we could well possess. concessions to the American people; so tive body for a total of 36. A small group In the near future it will be my purpose I do not want the gentleman to become of men owning property in every one of to further discuss this matter, which i too optimistic. those nine districts are the only ones who have done in the House on other occa­ Mr. BRADLEY of Pennsylvania. Ire­ can vote, and they elect the 36 represent­ sions, but a brief look backward· is in call what the gentleman says as having atives and dominate them. order. taken place, b·ut what I say is this: There The islands of Bermuda get nothing I direct the attention, of the gentleman could be no valid objection on the part from the British Empire and give nothing of the Government of Great Britain be­ in return. Their total revenue comes from Pennsylvania, not merely by way of remembering other years, to 1940 when cause these islands in no way constitute from the United States. There is an any part of their economy or of their import tax of 17 percent, which main­ there were proposals in the Congress, two of them 1ntroduced by myself, which· defenses. If they are not in a frame of tains all the expenses in connection mind to discuss this with us, I think we with governmental functions and places would have requested .the President to enter into negotiations with both Great would be justified, in respect to any aid the costs on the rank and file of the peo­ which th"ey contemplate and anticipate ple, who have no say in the government Britain and France for many of these is­ receiving from us in the future, in being of the islands. · lands, and they were spelled out by just a bit difficult in getting along with, These islands are 560 miles off the coast names, including 'the Bermudas, in 'the too. I hope that our State Department of North Carolina. There was not one legislative measures. I thought then bears these things in mind and takes British warship there from the time we that those two countries~ Great Britain and France, could have paid partial in­ some steps in this direction. went into the war and I think it may be The SPEAKER. Under previous order safely stated that from the time we set stallments on their war debts from of the House, the gentleman from Mis­ up our neutrality patrol in the Atlantic World War I with these islands· coming souri [Mr. CANNON] is ·recognized for 10 Ocean they were able- to withdraw every to the United States. This approach to minutes. piece of defensive machinery that they the settlement was contained· in the bills. · had in the Caribbean and in those islands· We would not have impaired their finan- · POSTWAR POLICY because of our might in the Atlantic cial structures. As the gentleman says, Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. .Ocean. They are so remote from Britain these islands of Bermuda are not used Speaker, Congress reconvenes under ·that it cannot in any way be claimed that by Great Britain for defense or other­ conditions which have no counterpart they constitute anything that is a part wise. This country could do something in history. We convene today under of the British defenses. worth while with them. I trust that the conditions governing fiscal policies and There are 360 islands in the Bermuda gentleman's comment today may give re­ programs diametrically opposite to those group, only 20 of. which are inhabited. newed impetus to. • this important ac­ which obtained at the time we recessed. ?he total area of the islands is o~ly 19 _quisition proposal. In July we were endeavoring to avoid 1945 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-I-IOUSE 8333 the possibility of national disaster by proceeded, and wisely so, as results have we may, there will be ample time and providing too much and too early rather proven, to repose full-responsibility for opportunity to make amends. than too little and too late. Any case the prosecution of the wars in the Com­ As to provision for the armed services, of doubt was resolved in favor of the mander in Chief, the Joint Chiefs of I wish to say that we shall counsel fully estimates submitted by the various Staff, and the military and naval leader­ with the chairmen of the legislative branches. of the armeC: services. Today ship responsible thereto. It made avail­ committees before presenting . our rec­ we are endeavoring to a void the possi­ able such funds and contractual author­ ommendations· to the House. There has bility of national insolvency by cutting ity as the leadership determined to be been complete cooperation _between the too soon and too deeply rather than too necessary to effectuate their program Appropriations Committee and the leg­ late and too lightly. And we are resolv­ and policies, and in making available islative committees during the war, and ing every case of doubt against the esti­ those funds, in all cases of doubt, the there is no reason. why that cooperatiort mates and recommendations Of the doubt was resolved in favor of liberality. should not continue now that peace has spending agencies. No funds were at any time refused which returned. It is our desire to make coop­ With the assistance and cooperation were represented as being essential to the eration between the legislative and ap­ of ow· allies we have won a war which prosecution of the war. The armed propriation committees of the House a taxed-and in some instances ex­ forces themselves testified that they were continuing and lasting policy. · , hausted-world resources. Most of the never circumscribed in any respect by The purpose of the committee's inquiry assets which we poured into the war lack of funds and that Congress made is easily understood. Administratively program have been forever dissipated. ample fiscal provision at every stage of frozen appropriated funds still remain The blood, the lives, and the wrecked the war. subject to obligation. Furthermore there physiques which went down in the Now that the emergency has passed are many instances where appropriated maelstrom of war are gone beyond re­ and there is ample time for reconsidera­ funds are available for both war and call. But some of the moneys and goods tion, our policy veers to the opposite ex­ nonwar uses of a nature not readily seg­ set aside for the prosecution of the war treme and we propose to cut quickly and regated, but which must be separated may still be retrieved. d~eply, fortified by the assurance that in and both allocations reexamined in de­ The amounts and inventories which event of too drastic retrenchment we tail. We wish to satisfy ourselves that may yet be salvaged may seem infini­ · can bring ·in a deficiency bill at any time no funds are being retained for objects tesimal in comparison with total costs. and remedy promptly and without preju­ not justified in terms under the changed As a matter of fact, it is hardly probable dice any reduction which on more de­ conditions, and we deem it the better that an accurate accounting of the total liberate study fails of justification. policy legislatively to withdraw all obli­ direct and indirect cost of the war can The net result as regards appropria­ gational availability on the books, ever be accurately assembled. But the tions was summarized in my remarks as ·whether administratively frozen or not, amounts still unexpended and the con­ recorded in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of which cannot be justified at the war's tractual authorizations still available for July 20. As of that date and as of today, termination. The object is to effect a rescission and cancellation are substan­ because no change has occurred in the definite check on further growth of the tial when considered in terms of the taxes interim, there had been made available public debt and to subject to scrutiny and which otherwise will be' required to liqui­ for the prosecution of the war, using July determination by the Congress of future date them. 1, 19-10, as the starting point, roundly outlays, be they incidental to demobili­ The task is a heavy one. It is the plan $420,000,000,000. Of that amount $3,- zation, reconversion, or the financing of of the committee to dispose of it with all 189,554,000 was recaptured earlier in the regular activities. - possible dispatch. It has been made previous session. Of the remaining .I must say, Mr. Speaker, that I am not easier by the promptness of the President $417,000,000,000, approximately $290,- one of those who profess to feel no un­ ·and other responsible officials of the ad­ 000,000,000 had been expended as of June easiness about the proportions of the ministration in canceling contracts, 30, 1945, leaving $127,000,000,000 as the public debt. Any contrary view must be curbing further commitments, and oth­ amount to which we might look for re• founded upon a number of doubtful erwise effecting and programing cur­ coveries. hypotheses, the· contingent character of tailments on announcement of the cessa­ As to how much they will aggregate I which should cause serious concern. tion of hostilities. Moneys thus freed shall not venture to hazard a guess. That The latest estimate of the debt's size at will be included in the repeal measure it the total will be large already has con­ the end of next June, made since VJ-day, is our plan to present. firmation in official releases and press is $273,000,000,000 which exceeds by more It is a rather simple proposition, Mr. reports of economy measures which have than $100,000,000,000 all Federal ex­ Speaker. At the time we adjourned Con­ beeri administratively effected. However, pe,nditures since the beginning of the gress-in conformity with the ancient it must be· remembered that the one­ Government up to the end of' the cal­ military axiom that a war must be pro­ hundred-and-twenty-seven-billion fig­ endar year 1940. vided for as if it was to continue indefi­ ure includes obligated funds. A very sub­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. The nitely-had made every provision to sup­ stantial portion of it is beyond recovery time of the gentleman from Missouri has port our armed forces to the end of the for that reason-just how much,'we shall expired. fiscal year; that is, June 30, 1946. In­ ascertain as our hearings progress. I Mr. CANNON of Missouri. Mr. stead of the war continuing until June should like to point out, too, that there Speaker, I ask unanimous consent-to pro­ 1946, it ended in ·August 1945. So it is are many imponderables which will han­ ceed for five additional minutes. now our responsibility to reclaim imme­ dicap us in securing at this time as ac­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there diately every dollar provided for war pur-. curate an estimate as we should like. For objection to the request of the gentle­ poses which can be withheld and re­ example, it has been announced that the man from Missouri? turned to the Treasury and to cancel all armed services will be extensively de­ There was no objection. contractual authorizations which are mobilized. In fact, the end of the fiscal Mr." CANNON. Mr. Speaker, there still available for termination. year objectives have been indicated, but has grown up in America a spending Accordingly the Committee on Appro­ the rate of accompl~shment depends psychology. It had its origin well before priations opened hearings this morning upon considerations not wholly within the war. Its roots have spread. That with · a view to recapturing war appro­ our control in the sense that we must school of thought or that bent of mind priations and contract authorizations the have regard for contingencies incide.nt to can only envisage nonliquidation of the need for which has been ended by the internationaJ settlements and adjust­ debt and the eternal payment of interest. termination of hostilities. And the com­ ments yet to be effected. As refunding becomes necessary, we may mittee invites suggestions, and welcomes At the same time I wish to assure the expect interest alone to increase from 50 counsel, and advice from all Members of House that we are going to handle the to 100 percent, which.of itself will occa­ the House as to how that may be expedi­ matter as expeditiously as possible under sion a very considerable and lasting tax .tiously and effectively accomplished. the circumstances. It-may be necessary burden. 1 In the declaration of war against to conduct a further inquiry later, but it That is not a heritage that we can Japan, Germany, and Italy in early De­ is our purpose to get back at this time pridefully pass on to the returning le­ cember 1941, the Congress pledged the every dollar for which sound justification gions who have fought to victory on all entire resources of the Nation to the suc­ is not forthcoming. If it should develop battle fronts of the world. The return­ .cessful termination of the war. It then later that .we have cut too deeply, and Ing veterans have their own problems in CON_ORESSIONAL . RECORD-HO:USE SEPTEMBER 5 the years which lie ahead. "'VVe must Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. CANNON of Missouri. The gen­ finance our recovery in such a way as to gentleman yield? tleman's proposal is in line with the sug­ lay no additional burdens on them. We Mr. CANNON of Missouri. I yield to gestion just made that we should estab­ must not mortgage their future. the gentleman' from Michigan. . lish some policy of definite debt retire­ On the whole, it is difficult to visualize Mr. DINGELL. I am wondering ment to which we could adhere annually conditions calling for appropriations whether the chairman of the Committee regardless of the :fluctuation. of national under twenty billions annually when the on Appropriations has any idea how we revenues. strength of the armed forces shall have might early arrive at some method of The SPEAKER. The time of the gen­ leveled off and the industrial life of the freezing useless expenditures with re­ tleman from Missouri has a:gain expired. Nation shall have changed over to peace­ gard to the Army and tlle Navy. I as­ LEAVE OF ABSENCE time production. And in that amount I sume, of course, that the fears are that include nothing toward public-debt re­ those men are·going to now race to make By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ tirement and I disregard potentially expenditures which, in some instances, sence was granted as follows: higher interest rates on the outstanding may prove without reason. Does the To Mr. SHERIDAN (at the request of Mr. debt. Unless we are determined to main­ gentleman's committee intend to recom­ BRADLEY of Pennsylvania), indefinitely, tain· high tax rates-and it will require mend such a thing as the issuance of a on account of illness. high peacetime tax rates to support a stop order on all further expenditures · To Mr. RILEY, for 2 days, on account of budget of such proportions-twenty-five excepting emergent expenditures, and sickness. billions may be a more nearly correct fig­ force the Army and Navy to come before . To Mr. HAGEN (at the request of Mr. ure to project. The alternative could the committee to ask authority for fur­ MARTIN of Massachusetts), indefinitely, . only be further debt pyramiding and ther expenditures with regard to projects on account of o:fficial business. this is especially true if we are to engage already star-ted? To Mr. ROBERTSON of North Dakota (at in divers recovery procedures which are Mr. CANNON of Missouri. As a pre­ the request of Mr. MARTIN of Massachu­ now being advocated by some responsible caution against the very thing the gen­ setts), indefinitely, on account of official persons. tleman suggests, and which is a very .business . . I recognize that as we readjust our present hazard, the President of the To Mr. CAMPBELL et­ eral income tax bonuses paid by States,' Ter­ and whose remains could not heretofore be tlement by the Secretary ,of the Navy of cer­ ritories, possessions, and political subdivi­ returned to their homelands due to wartime tain claims for damage to property under Mons thereof, for service in the armed forces; shipping restrictions; to the Committee on the Jurisdiction of the Navy Department, to to the Committee on Ways and Means. Military Affairs. 1945 CON_GRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE 8337 By Mr. SMITH of Virginia: MEMORIALS gressidnal Medal of Honor to Gen. Douglas H. R. 3937. A bill to repeal the War Labor MacArthur, United States Army; to the Com­ Disputes Act and to abolish the National War Under clause 3 of rule :xxn, memorials mittee on Military Atrairs. · Labor Board; ~o the Committee on Military were presented and referred as follows: H. R. 3946. A bilf authorizing the President Affairs. By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Legisla­ of the United States to award a special Con­ By Mr. SPARKMAN: ture of the State of Wisconsin, mez.norializ­ gressional Medal of Honor to Gen. Dwight H. R. 3938. A bill to continue veteran bene­ ing the President and the Congress 'of the David Eisenhower, United States Army; to the fits previously granted by acts of the qongress United States to enact legislation clarifying Committee on Military Affairs. to temporary members of the Army of the the rights and privileges of returning vet­ By Mrs. LUCE: United States, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast erans to their former positions of civilian H. R. 3947. A bill to authorize the President Guard, including men inducted under the employment; to the Committee on World of the United States to present the Con­ provisions of the Selective Training and Serv­ War Veterans' Legislation. gressional Medal of Honor to Jonathan M. ice Act of 1940, as amended; to the Commit­ Also, memorial of the Legislature of the Wainwright; to the Committee on Military tee on World War Veterans' Legislation. State of Wisconsin, memorializing the Con­ Affairs. By Mr. STEVENSON: gress and the Nav-y to investigate the ad­ By Mr. PRICE of Florida: H. R. 3939. A bill authorizing an appropria­ vantages of wintering naval craft at Mari­ H. R. 3948. A bill for the relief of Mrs. tion of $500,000,000 for research with respect nette, Sturgeon Bay, and other Wisconsin Clifford W. Prevatt; to the Committee on to the cause and cure of cancer and polio­ ports on Lake Michigan; to the Committee on Claims. myelitis; to the Committee on Interstate and Naval Affairs. By Mr. ROBSION of Kentucky: Foreign Commerce. Also, memorial of the Legislature of the H. R. 3949. A bill granting a pension to By Mr. TAYLOR: . State of Wisconsin, memorializing the Presi­ Cora Arlena Ballard; to the Committee on H. R. 3940. A bill to revive and reenact the dent and the Congress of the United States Invalid Pensions. act entitled "An act granting the consent of to enact legislation requiring prompt de­ H. R. 3950. A bill granting a pension to Congress to Rensselaer and Saratoga Coun­ portation after the war of imported war Elizabeth Lively; to the Committee on In­ ties, N.Y., or to either of them, or any agency prisone;s, foreign labor battalions, and refu­ valid Pensions. representing · said counties, to construct, gees and barring further immigration to the maintain, and operate a free highway bridge United States until our r3turning war vet­ across the Hudson River between the city erans are afforded an opportunity for gain­ PETITIONS, ETC. of Mechanicville and Hemstreet Park in the ful employment and the number of our un­ town of Schaghticoke, N. Y.," aJ3proved April employeq is· reduced to a minimum; to the Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions 2, 1941; to the Committee on Interstate and Committee on Immigration and Naturaliza­ and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk Foreign Commerce. tion. and referred as follows: By Mr. HOFFMAN: Also, memorial of the Legislature of the 1116. By the SPEAKER: Petition of Wildon H. J. Res. 232. Joint resolution to repeal State of Wisconsin, memorializing the Presi­ Lloyd, Washington, D. C., petitioning con­ Public Law 421, Seventy-~eventh Congress; dent and the Congress of the United States sideration of his resolution with reference to to the Committee on Banking and Currency. to abolish the party convention system of the impeachment of Judge George P. Barse of By Mr. BROWN of Ohio: nominating and the electoral college method the Municipal Court of the District of Colum­ H. Con. Res. 69. Concurrent resolution to of electing the President and Vice President bia; to the Committee on the Judiciary. create a joint committee of the House of Rep­ of the United St.ates and to enact law provid­ 1117. Also, petition of Wildon Lloyd, Wash­ resentatives and the Senate of the United ing for nomination and election of the Presi­ ington, D. C., petitioning consideration of his States to investigate the attack upon the dent and Vice President by popular vote; resolution with reference to the impeachment Territory of Hawaii; to the Committee on .to the Committee on Election of President, of Judge Cayton of the Municipal Court of Rules. Vice President, and Representatives in Con:­ the District of Columbia; to the Committee By Mr. TALLE: gress. on the Judiciary. H. Con. Res. 70. Concurrent resolution fix­ Al'so, memorial of the Legislature of the 1118. Also, petition of Branch 11, Boston, ing the time for the return to standard time; State of Wisconsin, memorializing the Presi­ Workmen's Benefit Fund of America, peti­ to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign dent and the Congress of the United States tioning consideration of their resolution with Commerce. · to investigate the feasibility of converting the reference to their protest of any and all pro­ By Mrs. LUCE: ordnance plant at Milwaukee into a veterans' posals for compulsory ·peacetime military H. Con. Res. 71. Concurrent resolution urg­ hospital; to the Committee on World War training; to the Committee on Military Af- ing the employment by private industry of Veterans' Legislation. fairs. - physically handicapped veterans· of World Also, memorial of the Legislature of the 1119. Also, petition of the Board of Com­ War II; to the Committee on World War State of Wisconsin, memorializing the Presi­ missioners, city of Newark, N. J., concur­ Veterans' Legislation. dent and the Congress of the United States ring in the resolution adopted by the mem­ By Mr. HARNESS of Indiana·: to direct the prop~r Federal agency to pre­ bers of post, No. 273, of Newark, Jewish War H. Con. Res. 72. Concurrent resolution to scribe and recommend uniform traffic signals Veterans of the United States of America, create a joint committee of the House of and other safety devices on the highways; relative to the chairman,ship of the Veterans' Representatives and the Senate of the United to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Committee of the House of Representatives; States to investigate the attack upon the Commerce. to the Committee on Rules. Territory of Hawaii; to- the Committee on Also, memorial of the Legislature of the Rules. State of Wisconsin, requesting Harold L. By Mr. BROOKS: Ickes, Solid Fuels Administrator for War, to H. Con. Res. 73. Concurrent resolution re­ relax the restriction on the sale of solid fuel pealing-the act of Januar~ 20, 1942, chapter 7 imposed by SFAW Regulation 26; to the Com- SENATE (56 Stat. 9), relating to daylight-saving time; mittee on Mines and Mining. • to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1945 Commerce. By Mr. POAGE: PRIVATE B!LLS AND RESOLUTIONS The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown Harris, D. D., offered t:Pe following H. Con. Res. 74. Concurrent resolution to Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private repeal daylight-saV'fng time; to the Commit­ prayer: . tee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. bills and resolutions were introduced and By Mr. CASE of South Dakota: severallY. referred as follows: Our Father God, in the peaceful still­ H. Con. Res. 75. Concurrent resolution in­ By Mr. KNUTSON: ness of this Chamber of freedom. where viting the United Nations to locate seat of H. R. 3941. A bill to confer jurisdiction fateful decisions have molded the life government in the United States; to the upon the Court of Claims to hear, determine, of the Nation, we lift the cup of our · Committee on Foreign Affairs. and render judgment upon a certain claim of grateful joy that o'er all the earth the By Mr. BROWN of Georgia: Joseph Lundborg and others against the cannon is muzzled, the planes are nested, H. Con. Res. 76. Concurrent resolution to United States; to the Committee on Claims. the navies anchored, and the silence provide for termination of the act of January H. R. 3942. A bill for the relief of Anton breaks to a bird's song, a child's laugh­ 20, 1942, providing for daylight-saving time; Waytashek; to the Committee on Claims. to the Committee' on Interstate and Foreign By Mr. LARCADE: ter, and a mother's low cry. Commerce. H. R. 3943. A bill authorizing the President As the assembly line turns from the By Mr. GROSS: of the United States to award a Congressional products of death to the simple wares H. Con. Res. 77. Concurrent resolution to Medal of Honor to Gen. Douglas MacArthur, of peace and the bayonet is put away provide for termination of the act of January United States Army; to the Committee on and the plowshar'e is lifted again, our 20, 1942, providing for daylight-saving time; Military Affairs. hearts are singing, "This is the day which to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign H. R. 3944. A bill authorizing the President the Lord hath made"; this is the peace;· Commerce. of the United States to award a special Con­ By Mr. LUDLOW: gressiop.al Medal of Honor to Gen. John J. . this is the liberty; this is the freedom we H. Res. 336. Resolution urging action by the Pershing, United States Army; to the Com­ have bought with tears and sweat and. United Nations to ban the atomic bomb as mlttee on Military Affairs. blood; this is the tomorrow of our anx­ an instrument of war; to the Committee on H. R. 3945. A-bill authorizing the President ious yesterdays; this is the good future Foreign Affairs. o! the United States to award a special Con- now begun. By Thy kindly light lead