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Fakultas Teknik SKRIPSI EVALUASI BANGUNAN SABO DAM 7.5 DI HULU SUNGAI JENEBERANG Oleh : FARID BUDIARTO FAHRULLAH SYAH PUTRA 105 81 1990 13 105 81 2094 14 PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK PENGAIRAN FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MAKASSAR 2020 EVALUASI BANGUNAN SABO DAM 7.5 DI HULU SUNGAI JENEBERANG Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Guna Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar Disusun dan diajukan oleh : FARID BUDIARTO FAHRULLAH SYAH PUTRA 105 81 1990 13 105 81 2094 14 PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK PENGAIRAN FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MAKASSAR 2020 EVALUASI BANGUNAN SABO DAM 7.5 DI HULU SUNGAI JENEBERANG Fahrullah Syah Putra1), Farid Budiarto1), Nenny T. Karim2), Mahmuddin2) 1)Mahasiswa Program Studi Teknik Pengairan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar 2)Dosen Program Studi Teknik Pengairan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar Teknik Pengairan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar Jl. Sultan Alauddin No. 259, Makassar 90221, Indonesia e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRAK Sabo Dam 7.5 merupakan sabo dam yang selesai dibangun pada tahun 2010 di hulu sungai Jeneberang. Sabo dam ini merupakan sabo dam tipe terbuka yang juga berfungsi untuk menghambat aliran debris (aliran debris adalah aliran sungai dengan konsentrasi sedimen tinggi pada sungai dengan kemiringan sangat curam, aliran ini seringkali membawa batu-batu dan batang pohon), sekaligus mencegah gerakan laju sedimen agar tidak membahayakan dan menimbulkan kerugian. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan di lapangan keadaan Sabo Dam 7.5 sudah mengalami kerusakan berat seperti berkarat serta patahnya besi pada bangunan sabo dam yang disebabkan karena pergeseran tumpukan sedimen yang tak kunjung dikeruk. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi dan besar volume sedimen yang terjadi pada bangunan Sabo Dam 7.5 selama 10 tahun. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menganalisis kondisi hidrologi dan menghitung volume sedimentasi pada Sabo Dam 7.5. Hasil analisis menunjukkan, besarnya volume sedimen yang terjadi dari hasil debit puncak aliran debris berdasarkan intensitas hujan dalam hal ini Q50 adalah sebesar 6.516,67 m³/dtk, sedangkan volume sedimen sekali banjir sebesar 1.109.121,35 m³ sehingga didapat volume sedimen total (Vy) sebesar 1.115.638,02 m³. Selanjutnya diketahui bahwa kondisi bangunan Sabo Dam 7.5 untuk 1 sampai 2 tahun kemudian sudah tidak memungkinkan untuk menahan sedimen dengan melihat dimensi pada bangunan tersebut. Kata kunci: Sabo dam 7.5, sedimentasi, aliran debris iv ABSTRACT Sabo Dam 7.5 is a sabo dam which was completed in 2010 on the upstream area of Jeneberang river. The sabo dam is an open type sabo dam which has a function to inhibit debris flow (debris flow is a river flow with a high sediment concentration in a river with a very steep slope, this flow often carries rocks and tree trunks), while preventing the sediment rate movement that causes harm and bad impact. Based on observations in research field, the condition of Sabo Dam 7.5 has suffered heavy damage such as rusting and broken iron in the sabo dam building caused by shifting piles of sediment that have not been dredged. The purpose of this research was to determine the condition and the sediment volumes that occurred in the Sabo Dam 7.5 for 10 years. This research was conducted by analyzing hydrological conditions and calculating the volume of sedimentation at Sabo Dam 7.5. The results of the analysis showed that the volume of sediment that occurs from the peak discharge of debris flow based on the rain intensity (Q50) is 6,516.67 m³/s, while the volume of sediment in one flood is 1,109,121.35 m³ then the total sediment volume (Vy) is 1,115,638.02 m³. Furthermore, it was known that the condition of the Sabo Dam 7.5 for 1 to 2 years later was not possible to hold sediments based on the dimensions of the building. Keywords: Sabo dam 7.5, sedimentation, debris flow v KATA PENGANTAR Syukur Alhamdulillah kami panjatkan puji syukur atas kehadirat Allah SWT., karena berkat rahmat-Nya sehingga penulis mampu menyelesaikan proposal berjudul “Evaluasi Bangunan Sabo Dam 7.5 Di Hulu Sungai Jeneberang” sebagai salah satu syarat untuk menyelesaikan studi di Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Sipil Pengairan Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. Melalui proposal ini kami mengucapkan terima kasih atas segala bantuan, bimbingan, saran dan petunjuk sehingga proposal ini dapat diselesaikan. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan kali ini penulis ingin menyampaikan rasa hormat dan banyak terima kasih kepada: 1. Bapak Ir. Hamzah Al Imran, S.T., M.T., selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muahammadiyah Makassar. 2. Bapak Andi Makbul Syamsuri, S.T., M.T., selaku Ketua Jurusan Sipil Pengairan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. 3. Bapak dan Ibu Dosen serta para staf administrasi pada Jurusan Teknik Sipil Pengairan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar. 4. Ibu Dr. Ir. Nenny T Karim, S.T., M.T. Selaku Pembimbing I bersama dengan Bapak Mahmuddin, ST., MT. Selaku Pembimbing II Yang Meluangkan Waktu Membimbing Kami. vi 5. Saudara/saudari kami di Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Sipil Pengairan khususnya angkatan Vektor 2014. 6. Kedua Orang tua kami yang selalu memberi dukungan secara moril maupun material dan doa kepada kami. Serta semua pihak yang turut membantu penyusunan proposal ini yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu, dengan dukungan dan doa dari kalian akhirnya kami dapat menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini. Kami menyadari keterbatasan kami sehingga mungkin dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini masih terdapat beberapa kekurangan dan kesalahan. oleh karena itu, kami menerima saran dan masukan dari pembaca yang sifatnya membangun demi perbaikan studi kami ini. “Billahi Fii Sabilill Hak Fastabiqul Khaerat” Makassar, …………………….. 2020 Tim Penulis vii DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN SAMPUL HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................... i PENGESAHAN ........................................................................................ ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ...................................................................... iii ABSTRAK ................................................................................................ iv KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................... v DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................ vii DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................. x DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................... xi BAB I. PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................... ..1 A. Latar Belakang ........................................................................ ..1 B. Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................... 3 C. Tujuan Penelitian ....................................................................... 3 D. Manfaat Penelitian ..................................................................... 4 E. Batasan Masalah ....................................................................... 4 F. Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................ 5 BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.................................................................... 7 A. Uraian Umum ............................................................................. 7 1. Pengertian Sabo ................................................................... 7 2. Jenis – jenis Sabo Dam ....................................................... 8 3. Sketsa Dan Fungsi Sabo Dam ............................................. 9 4. Hidrologi .............................................................................. 10 viii 5. Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) .............................................. 11 6. Dabris Flow (Aliran Debris) ................................................ 15 7. Sedimentasi ....................................................................... 17 B. Landasan Teori ........................................................................ 20 1. Bangunan Sabo di Bagian Hulu ......................................... 20 2. Analisis Hidrologi ................................................................ 23 3. Volume Sedimen Sekali Banjir ........................................... 31 4. Penentuan Tata Letak Bangunan Pengendali Sedimen ..... 34 C. Matriks Penelitian..................................................................... 35 BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................... 39 A. Lokasi Penelitian ...................................................................... 39 B. Teknik Pengumpulan ............................................................... 40 C. Tahap Penelitian ...................................................................... 41 D. Analisis Data ............................................................................ 41 1. Analisis Hidrologi ................................................................ 41 2. Analisis Volume Sedimentasi ............................................. 43 E. Bagan Alur Penelitian .............................................................. 44 BAB IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ...................................................... 45 A. Data Hasil .............................................................................. 45 1. Data Curah Hujan .............................................................
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