Urban Developments in Roman Iberia

Irina Demetradze-Renz, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Faculty of Arts and Sciences Ilia State University , Urban Centers in Roman Iberia

Dzalisa Armazi

2 - Seusamora Armazi- Harmozice Mentioned by Strabo Tsitsamuri-Seusamora Armazi-Harmozice and The passes from Armenia The passes from into Iberia are the defiles on the Cyrus and those on before the two Aragus. For, rivers meet, they have on their banks fortified cities that are situated upon rocks, these being about sixteen stadia distant from each other – I mean Harmozice on the Cyrus and Seusamora on These passes the other river. were used first by when he set out from the Armenians, country of the and afterwards by Canidius’ (Strabo XI, III, 5). Two FortiviedTwo of Iberia Cities Armazi City Walls Round Structure Remnants from Tsitsamuri Site Column Hall Armazi City-Site

City Walls Column Hall Armazi Bath-House City-Site Bath-House City Walls Column Hall Cistern

Temple Armazi City Walls Construction Techniques The Inscription

Imperator Caesar Vespasianus Augustus, pontifex maximus, holding the tribunician power for the seventh time, imperator for the fourteenth time, consul for the sixth time, and designated for the seventh, father of the fatherland, censor and imperator Titus Caesar, son of Augustus, holding the tribunician power for the fifth time, consul for thefourthtimeanddesignatedforthe fifth, censor, and Domitianus Caesar, son of Augustus, consul for the third time and designated for the fourth, for Caesar and Roman loving king of the Iberians, Mithridates, son of King Pharasmanes, and Amazaspus and for his people fortified the city walls. Mud Brick Walls in Armazi

11 Roman Cistern in Armazi

12 Roman Bath-Houses in Armazi Roman Type Temple in Armazi Dzalisa City-Site

Public (?) Swiming Pool Dzalisa Mosaic The Remains of Houses in Mtskheta

17 Roman Composite Orders from Mtskheta

18 Writing Instruments from Mtskheta

Inkwell, pen box, calamus

19 Standardized Roman Construction Techniques and Style

Roman Brick Opus Reticulatum

Radial Arch

Heating Pipes 20 Roman Bath-House Inscriptions in Armazi

To the daughter of Armenian King Vologezes and wife of Iberian King Amazasp was given this bath-house by Anagranes

The royal housekeeper built the bath-house water pipes for the Queen Drakontis. Artisan Guild

I am Alfa and Omega.. made by Achileus, the (head) of builders Aureli Acholis artisan and architect ... reinforce the wall ... the ultimate memory. Arspakores The Aureli Acholis Epitaph Aureli Acholis artisan and architect rests here with his wife Bevrazuria. I ask friends and passers by to keep an eye that before 10 000 (years) no one would damage (the grave) or no one would want to be buried with us, does not matter our relative, or stranger (and The Aureli Acholis Inscription if such a thing happens) he will be 22 responsible after his resurrection Inscribed Seals/Finger-Rings

Karpak * Zevakh my love Asparug Pitiakhsh

23 Thank You

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