DOCSLIB.ORG

Fuel Cells Technologies Office Update

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Fuel Cells Technologies Office Update U.S Department of Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Office Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 1 Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Dr. Sunita Satyapal Advisory Committee Director Washington, D.C Fuel Cell Technologies Office U.S. Department of Energy April 21, 2015 4/29/2015 Agenda Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 2 • HTAC Scope – Energy Policy Act (EPACT) 2005 Title VIII – Key Recommendations • Program Overview – Key Accomplishments & Program Responses – Budget Update • Next Steps 4/29/2015 Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technical Advisory Committee (HTAC) Scope Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 3 To advise the Secretary of Energy on: 1. The implementation of programs and activities under Title VIII of EPACT 2. The safety, economical, and environmental consequences of technologies to produce, distribute, deliver, store or use hydrogen energy and fuel cells 3. The DOE Hydrogen & Fuel Cells Program Plan 4/29/2015 Title VIII Sec. 802- Purposes Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 4 1. Enable and promote comprehensive development, demonstration, and commercialization of H2 and fuel cells with industry 2. Make critical public investments in building strong links to private industry, universities and National Labs to expand innovation and industrial growth 3. Build a mature H2 economy for fuel diversity in the U.S. 4. Decrease the dependency foreign oil & emissions and enhance energy security 5. Create, strengthen, and protect a sustainable national energy economy. 4/29/2015 Key HTAC Recommendations and Responses Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 5 Recommendations Key Responses Published ~ 80 news articles/blogs, etc. /yr; trained 30,000 code officials/first responders, 12,000 Emphatic public support for FCEV deployment to teachers. Secretary driving FCEV video; Remarks at inspire confidence and increase public awareness. DC autoshow, Secretary tweet ; FedEX Memphis event, Investor days; House/Senate Caucus events. H2 & fuel cells are part of President’s all-of-the-above Stronger commitment to R&D to ensure U.S. strategy. >500 patents; 40 commercial technologies. FY16 budget request ($103M) for FCTO 10% higher technology leadership. than FY15 request. SOFC FY16 request ($9M) vs. $3M in FY15. Moving towards funding stability. Collaboration with infrastructure initiatives in DOE serves as Vice Chair of IPHE (17 countries); Co- Germany, Japan, Korea, and the UK on technical and organized int’l workshops and webinars; multi- regulatory issues to reduce cost and accelerate country round robin, safety/reliability database deployment. sharing, data collection. Committed to H USA, public-private partnership. Direct investment in H2 infrastructure as part of a 2 Focusing on enablers (station design, cost reduction, integrated strategy or comprehensive National validation, metering, reliability) and leveraging state Energy Policy to accelerate deployment and attract funds for stations . Strong state collaborations (e.g., private investment. CEC, CARB, CAFCP, NESCAUM) 4/29/2015 DOE’s Comprehensive RD3 Program Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 6 1. 2. 3. Research & Development Demonstration Deployment • 50% fuel cell cost FCEVs • Government Early Adoption • >180 (DoD, California, etc.) reduction since 2006 • 25 stations • 80% electrolyzer cost • DOE Recovery Act & reduction since 2002 • 3.6 million miles traveled Market Transformation Deployments • World’s first tri-gen station • Early markets- Airport • ~ 1,600 fuel cells $124/kW in 2006 baggage tractor, back-up deployed- led to ~11,000 power, forklifts Fuel Cell System Cost* $55/kW today* at high Number of FC Units in volume State/Site Cost reduction over time *$55/kW based on lab technology projected to high volume; $280/kW low volume 4/29/2015 Collaborations and Partnerships Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 7 Demonstration & Accelerated R&D Deployment Commercialization • Pre -Competitive R&D • International Government NESCAUM Coordination • USCAR, energy companies, EPRI and • State Partnership and Collaboration • 17 countries and European utilities Commission Public-Private Partnership • Implementing Agreements • National Lab (SNL & NREL) led • activities with industry to to enable infrastructure • 25 countries support H2USA >35 partners DOE engages in multiple collaborations focused on R&DD. Funding >110 companies, 100 universities and 12 National Labs. 4/29/2015 DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program Plan Key Focus Areas and Targets Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 8 Mission: Enable widespread commercialization of a portfolio of H2 and fuel cell technologies through basic and applied research, technology development and demonstration. $40/kW $1,000/kW* Fuel Cell $1,500/kW** Cost Durability 5,000 hrs 80,000 hrs H2 Storage Cost (On-Board) $10/kWh H Cost at pump 2 <$4/gge *For Natural Gas **For Biogas The Program includes a comprehensive portfolio of activities to address the purposes in EPACT 2005 Title VIII. 4/29/2015 DOE Cost Targets and Status Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 9 Fuel Cell System H2 Production & Delivery H2 Storage (700-bar compressed system) $280/kW $33/kWh $13/gge $66/kW 100K/yr $55/kW 500K/yr $17/kWh $5/gge $40/kW <$4/gge $10/kWh 2020 Targets High-Volume Projection Low-Volume Estimate Key Challenges- Examples • PGM loading • Efficiency and Reliability • Carbon fiber precursors and • Catalyst and membrane • Feedstock and Capital Costs conversion durability • Electrode performance and • Compression, Storage and • Composite/ resin materials durability Dispensing (CSD) Costs • BOP and assembly costs 4/29/2015 Cost Analysis and Performance Requirements Drive R&D Strategy Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 10 FCEV Cost Reduction Pathways R&D Needs @ 100,000 units Catalysts, membranes, -4.8 electrodes, BOP and ¢/mi. 28.6 increase in durability Fuel -2.1 ¢/mi. -7.2 H2 Production, delivery Cell ¢/mi. and storage -6.2 Manufacturing R&D and ¢/mi. processes, QC and high Fuel volume fabrication H2 Cell Fuel Additional progress Cell H2 needed for ultimate H2 targets Represent additional costs assuming a higher platinum cost of $2000/tr. oz. – reductions shown represent R&D of low-Pt catalysts Total cost of ownership analysis identifies key R&D needs to be competitive with incumbent and other advanced technologies 4/29/2015 DOE H2 and Fuel Cells Strategy Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 11 BARRIERS NEAR TO MID-TERM LONG-TERM Fuel Cell Cost and Low PGM catalysts , Non PGM Catalysts Durability MEAs, performance durability, components AEMs 700 bar tanks, Hydrogen Storage composites, cryo- Materials R&D for low P storage R&D compressed Hydrogen H from NG/electrolysis; H from renewables Level of Production and 2 2 Difficulty delivered H2, (PEC, biological, etc.), Delivery compression pipelines, low P option High Infrastructure Enablers: H2FIRST- Materials compatibility, Development Station validation, sensors, station metering, sensors, etc. innovation- H-Prize Medium Catalyst, MEA and tank Mfg. processes and Manufacturing and manufacturing and QC; Low to Medium Supply Chain cost & reliability; scale up; strong supply base R&D supply chain - Safety Codes and Set back distances, Risk mitigation; National fueling protocols, and International NON Standards (SCS) Safety Dissemination harmonization of SCS H2Tools Education, Widespread Outreach, Public Acceptance Outreach; Education & Social and Awareness Early markets; H2USA Acceptance 4/29/2015 DOE Impact Summary Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 12 Cumulative number of patents Commercial Products resulting from DOE Funding resulting from DOE Funding Additional Industry Investment and Cumulative Revenues resulting from DOE Funding 4/29/2015 Commercial Products in Today’s Market as a result of DOE Impact- Examples Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 13 Hydrogen Generation from Electrolysis GenDrive™ Fuel Cell Power System Proton’s PEM Hogen S Series Electrolyzer System Class-1, -2, and -3 Forklifts Powered by Plug Power’s GenDrive FCs PEM Electrolyzer Incorporating a Low-Cost Hydrogen Composite Tanks Membrane Giner’s PEM Quantum Electrolyzer Technologies’ System Optimized 129L Tank TITAN™: High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage 3M Cathode Catalysts and Supports for Tank for Gaseous Truck Delivery PEM Fuel Cells Scanning electron Hexagon Lincoln’s micrographs of 3M’s 3,600 psi TITAN™ Tank nanostructured thin and Frame System film 4/29/2015 Impact on Job Creation and Retention Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 14 More than Program-funded commercial 450 jobs technologies since 2013 tracked per year 466 jobs Close to in 2014 The # of jobs created That is… 2X or retained since 2011 237 jobs in 2011 Source: PNNL; “Pathways to Commercial Success: Technologies and Products Supported by the Fuel Cell Technologies Office” American Recovery and 1,400 jobs Reinvestment Act to date created or sustained Source: ANL; “Economic Impact of Fuel Cell Deployment in Forklifts and for Backup Power under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act” JOBS Tools http://jobsmodels.es.anl.gov/ 1,400 jobs to date from ARRA projects and over 450 jobs in 2014 from program–funded commercial technologies. Jobs Tool developed by ANL. 4/29/2015 Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Budget Fuel Cell Technologies Office | 15 FY 2014 FY 2015 Office FY 2015 Key Activity ($ in thousands) EERE $97M Approp. Approp. Basic Science2 ~$20M Fuel Cell R&D 32,422 33,000 Fossil Energy, SOFC $30M 1 Hydrogen Fuel R&D 34,467 35,200 ARPA-E3 (FY14) ~$33M Manufacturing R&D 2,879 3,000 Systems Analysis 3,000 3,000 Estimated DOE Total: ~$180M Technology Validation 6,000 11,000 No. of Recipients funded from 2008-2015 Safety, Codes and 6,909 7,000 Standards Industry
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Flexible Production of Hydrogen from Sun and Wind: Challenges and Experiences
    Flexible Production of Hydrogen from Sun and Wind: Chal- lenges and Experiences H. J. Fell, P. Chladek, O. Wallevik, S. T. Briskeby This document appeared in Detlef Stolten, Thomas Grube (Eds.): 18th World Hydrogen Energy Conference 2010 - WHEC 2010 Parallel Sessions Book 3: Hydrogen Production Technologies - Part 2 Proceedings of the WHEC, May 16.-21. 2010, Essen Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich / Energy & Environment, Vol. 78-3 Institute of Energy Research - Fuel Cells (IEF-3) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Zentralbibliothek, Verlag, 2010 ISBN: 978-3-89336-653-8 Proceedings WHEC2010 113 Flexible Production of Hydrogen from Sun and Wind: Challenges and Experiences Hans Jörg Fell, Petr Chladek, Hydrogen Technologies, N-3908 Porsgrunn, Norway Oddmund Wallevik, Stein Trygve Briskeby, Statoil, Research Centre Porsgrunn, N-3908 Porsgrunn, Norway 1 Introduction With the looming threat of global climate change and progressing depletion of fossil fuels, renewable power sources, especially wind and solar, experienced an economic boom in the past decade [1, 2]. Both wind and sun supply significant amount of electrical power without generating any pollution during the operation. Unfortunately, both sources generate power of intermittent nature, regardless of the demand, which consequently stresses the existing electrical grid. To mitigate this drawback, renewable energy needs to be converted into a storable intermediate, which could be used in the times of electricity peaks or alternatively used as a fuel for vehicles. The energy carrier of choice is hydrogen produced by water electrolysis [3, 4]. Water electrolysis is a well-established method of producing hydrogen and an ideal candidate due to the general availability of water, scalability of the electrolysis plant and zero-emission production of hydrogen.
    [Show full text]
  • Statoil 2006 Sustainability Report
    mastering challenges Statoil and sustainable development 2006 Our performance at a glance Financials1 2006 2005 2004 Total revenues 425,166 387,411 301,443 Income before financial items, other items, income taxes and minority interest 116,881 95,043 65,085 Net income 40,615 30,730 24,916 Cash flows used in investing activities 40,084 37,664 31,959 Return on average capital employed after tax 27.1% 27.6% 23.5% Operations Combined oil and gas production (thousand boe/d) 1,135 1,169 1,106 Proved oil and gas reserves (million boe) 4,185 4,295 4,289 Production cost (NOK/boe) 26.6 22.2 23.3 Reserve replacement ratio (three-year average) 0.94 1.02 1.01 Environment2 Oil spills (cubic metres) 156.7 442 186 Carbon dioxide emissions (million tonnes) 10.0 10.3 9.8 Nitrogen oxide emissions (tonnes) 31,600 34,700 31,100 Discharges of harmful chemicals (tonnes) 15 40 167 Energy consumption (TWh) 49.4 50.4 48.1 Waste recovery factor 0.73 0.76 0.76 Health and safety Total recordable injury frequency3 5.7 5.1 5.9 Serious incident frequency3 2.1 2.3 3.2 Sickness absence4 3.5 3.5 3.2 Fatalities3 0 2 3 Organisation Employee satisfaction5 4.6 4.6 4.6 Proportion of female managers6* 26% 25% 26% Union membership (per cent of workforce), Statoil ASA* 70 72 73 R&D expenditures7 1,225 1,066 1,027 1 Key figures given in NOK million 6 New reporting system implemented 2 Data cover Statoil-operated activities.
    [Show full text]
  • The Norwegian Hydrogen Highway
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Juelich Shared Electronic Resources HyNor – The Norwegian Hydrogen Highway B. Simonsen, A.M. Hansen This document appeared in Detlef Stolten, Thomas Grube (Eds.): 18th World Hydrogen Energy Conference 2010 - WHEC 2010 Parallel Sessions Book 6: Stationary Applications / Transportation Applications Proceedings of the WHEC, May 16.-21. 2010, Essen Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich / Energy & Environment, Vol. 78-6 Institute of Energy Research - Fuel Cells (IEF-3) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Zentralbibliothek, Verlag, 2010 ISBN: 978-3-89336-656-9 Proceedings WHEC2010 241 HyNor – The Norwegian Hydrogen Highway Bjørn Simonsen, Lillestrøm Centre of Expertise, Norway Anne Marit Hansen, Statoil, Norway 1 Introduction Hydrogen is one of the most promising energy carriers which can make the transport sector emission-free. The challenges related to hydrogen as an energy carrier are however not only technical. Due to the nature and purpose of transport, a number of refueling points or hydrogen stations are needed for it to be attractive as a fuel. The cliché “chicken and egg”- situation is often used to describe the dilemma of implementing new fuels such as hydrogen. Without hydrogen stations where people can refuel the cars, it is not profitable to produce the few cars that will be needed. Without many customers asking for hydrogen fuel and very few customers actually using the existing stations, the operators of the station will not want to build more stations due to the economical loss it presents. Hydrogen has many years been looked upon as an alternative to conventional fuels, either because of energy security and/or environmental reasons.
    [Show full text]
  • State-Of-The-Art Hydrogen Production Cost Estimate Using Water Electrolysis
    NREL/BK-6A1-46676 September 2009 Current (2009) State-of-the-Art Hydrogen Production Cost Estimate Using Water Electrolysis Independent Review Published for the U.S. Department of Energy Hydrogen Program National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard • Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available electronically at http://www.osti.gov/bridge Available for a processing fee to U.S. Department of Energy and its contractors, in paper, from: U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information P.O. Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831-0062 phone: 865.576.8401 fax: 865.576.5728 email: mailto:[email protected] Available for sale to the public, in paper, from: U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Advanced Motor Fuels Annual Report 2013
    DRAFT IEA Implementing Agreement for a Programme on Research and Demonstration on Advanced Motor Fuels Annual Report 2013 The AMF IA, also known as the Implementing Agreement for Advanced Motor Fuels, functions within a framework created by the International Energy Agency (IEA). Views, findings and publications of AMF IA do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the IEA Secretariat or of all its individual member countries. Rainbow Spine: The color of the spine of AMF Annual Reports follows the colors of the rainbow. This allows to easily distinguish yearly editions from one another. The 2010 edition of the AMF Annual Report had a blue cover, the 2011 edition a green cover, and the 2012 edition a very light green one. This year’s edition is yellow, and the 2014 cover will be red. The next working period of AMF, which will start in 2015, will then start again with the first color of the rainbow: violet. This year´s yellow color stands for [text to be added]. Cover Photo: Autonomie plug-and-play architecture supports the rapid evaluation of advanced vehicle technologies Credit: Argonne National Laboratory International Energy Agency Advanced Motor Fuels Annual Report 2013 [updated text pending] This Annual Report was produced by Kevin A. Brown (project coordination/management, editing), Linda Conlin (document production), Joe Harmon (editing), Patricia Hollopeter (editing), Marita Moniger (editing), Else Tennessen (editing), and Gary Weidner (printing) of Argonne National Laboratory. The cover was designed by Renee Carlson,
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrogen Production from Biogas by Sorption-Enhanced Steam Methane Reforming (SE-SMR)
    Hydrogen Production from Biogas by Sorption-Enhanced Steam Methane Reforming (SE-SMR) Demonstration of the Novel Process at the HyNor Lillestrøm Hydrogen Station Julien Meyer, Johann Mastin, Roger Smeets Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Department of Environmental Technology www.ife.no; [email protected] TCCS-6, Trondheim, 14-16 june 2011 Outline • The HyNor project • The HyNor hydrogen station at the city of Lillestrøm • The Sorption-Enhanced Steam Methane Reforming process (SE-SMR) for hydrogen production with integrated CO2-capture • The SE-SMR pilot unit planned at the Hynor Lillestrøm station TCCS-6, Trondheim, 14-16 june 2011 The HyNor project The hydrogen “highway” in Norway www.hynor.no • Demonstration of hydrogen production technologies for the introduction of hydrogen as transportation fuel in Norway • Make possible driving between the cities of Oslo and Stavanger with hydrogen vehicles • Sweden, Danmark and Germany also have similar hydrogen road projects • Hydrogen Sweden • Hydrogen Link • Clean Energy Partnership (CEP) TCCS-6, Trondheim, 14-16 june 2011 The HyNor Lillestrøm project www.hynor.no/romerike http://hynor-lillestrom.no Lillestrøm • Hydrogen production based on renewable energy • From landfill gas produced at a nearby landfill and transported by pipe to the station • From electrolysis using power from the grid and from photovoltaic panels installed at the station • Hydrogen compression to 700 bar • Conventional mechanical compression • Demonstration of a metal hydride compressor delivering at 200 bar • On-site
    [Show full text]
  • Hynor – Establishing a Hydrogen Infrastructureinfrastructure 2
    Classification: Internal Status: Draft HyNor – establishing a hydrogen iinfrastructurenfrastructure 2 New energy portfolio Wind CCS Biofuel Hydrogen Tidal Energy systems Wave Kyoto CDM/JI 3 StatoilHyyydro delivers hydrogen solutions for Europe • ECTOS/HyFLEET:CUTE– Hydrogen station Reykjavik • CUTE/HyFLEET:CUTE – Hydrogen station Hamburg Reykjavik • CEP Berlin Hydrogen production Messedamm • Utsira Wind-Hydrogen plant Hamburg • HyNor – Grenland Hydrogen station Oslo, Drammen, Stavanger II Berlin 4 HyNor Objective • Established 2003 with the vision “In 2009 it shall be possible to drive hyygdrogen fuelled vehicles between Stavanger and Oslo ” • This is to be achieved by establishing local nodes along the 580 km long road – ”The hydrogen road of Norway” 5 The HyNor nodes Bergen Romerike Plans for Plans for station in station in phase II (2010) phase II (2010) H from 2 H2 from refinery by- electrolysis product Stavanger Oslo 2006: trucked-in Car station (2Q09) 2. station (3Q09) Bus station (4Q09) H2 from biogas H2 from reforming electrolysis (3Q09) Kristiansand Grenland Drammen 2007: Trucked-in TkTrucked in Pipeline hydrogen hydrogen supply (2Q09) By-product or H2 from by- H2 reformed electrolysis product from local landfill 6 EVS Vikinggy Rally 11-13 May 2009 • The Event A 570 km rallyyg starting in Oslo the 11th of May 2009 and arriving two days later in Stavanger at the opening day of the 24 th Electric, Fuel Cell and Hybrid Vehicle Syypmposium • www. Evs24.org • The rally is also the official opening of the HyNor – The hydrogen road of
    [Show full text]
  • Iea-Advanced Motor Fuels Annual Report 2012
    IEA Implementing Agreement for Advanced Motor Fuels Annual Report 2012 The AMF IA, also known as the Implementing Agreement for Advanced Motor Fuels, functions within a framework created by the International Energy Agency (IEA). Views, findings and publications of AMF IA do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the IEA Secretariat or of all its individual member countries. Rainbow Spine: The color of the spine of AMF Annual Reports follows the colors of the rainbow. This allows to easily distinguish yearly editions from one another. The 2010 edition of the AMF Annual Report had a blue cover, the 2011 edition a green one. This year´s edition uses a very light green and will be followed by a yellow and a red edition for 2013 and 2014. The next working period of AMF, which will start in 2015, will then start again with the first color of the rainbow: violet. This year´s light green color stands for the environment, which AMF wishes to protect by avoiding GHG emissions and local pollutants through the use of advanced motor fuels in modern engines. Cover Photo: Triple biofuels dispenser at Baca Street Biofuels Stations Credit: Charles Bensinger, NREL (http://images.nrel.gov/search.php?searchField=ALL&searchstring=biofuels+dispenser) International Energy Agency Advanced Motor Fuels Annual Report 2012 This Annual Report was produced by Kevin A. Brown (project coordination/management, editing), Linda Conlin (document production), Florence Henning (editing), Patricia Hollopeter (editing), Andrea Manning (editing), Marita Moniger (editing), and Gary Weidner (printing) of Argonne National Laboratory. The cover was designed by Sana Sandler, also of Argonne National Laboratory.
    [Show full text]
  • Cost, Well-To-Wheels Energy Use, and Emissions for the Current Technology Status of Seven Hydrogen Production
    Technical Report Hydrogen Pathways: Cost, NREL/TP-6A1-46612 Well-to-Wheels Energy Use, September 2009 and Emissions for the Current Technology Status of Seven Hydrogen Production, Delivery, and Distribution Scenarios Mark Ruth National Renewable Energy Laboratory Melissa Laffen and Thomas A. Timbario Alliance Technical Services, Inc. Technical Report Hydrogen Pathways: Cost, NREL/TP-6A1-46612 Well-to-Wheels Energy Use, September 2009 and Emissions for the Current Technology Status of Seven Hydrogen Production, Delivery, and Distribution Scenarios Mark Ruth National Renewable Energy Laboratory Melissa Laffen and Thomas A. Timbario Alliance Technical Services, Inc. Prepared under Task No. HS07.1002 National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 303-275-3000 • www.nrel.gov NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC Contract No. DE-AC36-08-GO28308 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles on the Local Electric Grid
    Impact of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on the Local Electric Grid An Interactive/Major Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the faculty of WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science By Syed Kazim Naqvi [email protected] Timothy Yee [email protected] Date of Submission: 29th April 2008 Approved: Professor Khalid Saeed Professor Alexander Emanuel [email protected] [email protected] 1 Abstract The following document has been prepared in partial fulfillment of the requirements as a Bachelor of Science at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. The authors, Kazim Naqvi and Timothy Yee, are submitting this document as an Interactive Qualifying Project/Major Qualifying Project in lieu of the above mentioned requirements. Kazim Naqvi is a Mechanical Engineering Student at WPI belonging to the class of 2010. Timothy Yee is a student at WPI majoring in System Dynamics and belonging to the class of 2008. The authors will be trying the address the possible impact of the advent of Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles (PHEVs) in Massachusetts. With National Grid as a sponsor, the authors will aim to address the impact on the electricity distribution sector and National Grid as a whole. In order to do this, the authors will study the time variation of daily electric demand for Massachusetts, which has been provided by National Grid. According to this data, the authors decided to implement policies that only permit the charging of PHEVs during periods of low electric demand. This has two advantages: firstly, it puts fewer loads on the local electric grid and does not require investment in additional electricity generation or distribution; and secondly, the electricity used for PHEVs’ charging will then come from cleaner and renewable energy sources such as nuclear and hydro-electric power generators.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Development 2007 Key Data
    Going north Sustainable development 2007 Key data Financials1, 5 2007 2006 Total revenues 522,797 521,482 Income before financial items, other items, income taxes and minority interest 137,204 166,164 Net income 44,641 51,847 Cash flows used in investing activities 75,112 57,175 Return on average capital employed after tax (%) 19.9 22.9 Operations Combined oil and gas production (thousand boe/d) 1,724 1,708 Proved oil and gas reserves (million boe) 6,010 6,101 Production cost (NOK/boe) 44.3 28.1 Reserve replacement ratio (three-year average) 0.81 0.76 Environment2 Oil spills (cubic metres) 4,989 181 Carbon dioxide emissions (million tonnes) 14.6 12.9 Nitrogen oxide emissions (thousand tonnes) 49.4 47.7 Discharges of harmful chemicals (tonnes) 19 30 Energy consumption (TWh) 69.8 62.4 Waste recovery factor (%) 41 79 Health and safety Total recordable injury frequency3 5.0 6.0 Serious incident frequency3 2.1 2.2 Sickness absence4 3.5 3.5 Fatalities3 3 0 Organisation Proportion of female managers (%)* 26 26 Union membership (per cent of workforce), Statoil ASA (%)* 67 1 Key figures given in NOK million 2 Data cover StatoilHydro-operated activities 3 Data cover StatoilHydro employees and contractors 4 Total number of days of sickness absence as a percentage of possible working days (StatoilHydro employees) 5 Owing to IFRS transition from 2007, comparable numbers for years prior to 2006 are not available * Estimates These are key indicators of StatoilHydro’s performance. Several are included in managers’ performance pay contracts.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of the First European Lighthouse Project To
    Status of the first European Lighthouse Project to demonstrate hydrogen fuel cell cars in Scandinavia Sabine Becker, Ronald Grasman – Daimler Alessandro Gariglio, Tommaso Giunti, David Storer – CRF/Fiat Mikael Sloth – H2 Logic Thomas Berg, Peter Bremer – SP Tom Elliger, Tim Faber – TÜV SÜD Industry Services Ulrich Bünger, Volker Blandow, Martin Zerta – LBST Sven Wolf – Hydrogen Sweden Flemming Wennike – Hydrogen Link Denmark Association 3rd Stakeholders General Assembly, Brussels, 9-10 November 2010 supported by the European Commission At a glance • Background • Project ambition • Project scope • Expected learning • Technical specifications • Performance reporting • European Road Tours FCH GSA 2010, Brussels, 2010 Nov 9-10 Slide 2 of 16 Project ambition • Consolidate existing hydrogen-fueling hub in southern Norway and add one new station of latest design • Roll-out latest state-of-the-art Project partners: hydrogen fuel cell vehicles operated CRF Fiat, Italy by private customers Daimler, Germany Lindesnes Lighthouse H2 Logic, Denmark (southern tip Norway) • Communicate project performance Hydrogen Sweden • Actively link Scandinavian Hydrogen Hydrogen Link, Denmark Highway Partnership (SHHP) to Ludwig-Bölkow-Systemtechnik, Germany SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden European network TÜV SÜD Industry Services, Germany Coordinator: Vehicle & Infrastructure: Dissemination: Safety: FCH GSA 2010, Brussels, 2010 Nov 9-10 Slide 3 of 16 European perspective 2015 target: At least 15 stations Ambition Oslo – Fulfill “Joint Undertaking H2&FC”
    [Show full text]