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This Action Is Funded by the European Union EN This action is funded by the European Union ANNEX of the Commission Decision on the individual measure in favour of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau to be financed from the 11th European Development Fund Action Document for "Support to the Electoral Cycles of Guinea-Bissau 2018-2019" 1. Title/basic act/ Support to the Electoral Cycles of Guinea-Bissau 2018-2019 CRIS number CRIS number: GW/FED/039-754 financed under the 11th European Development Fund (EDF) 2. Zone benefiting Guinea-Bissau from the action/location The action shall be carried out in Bissau, where the project team will be based, and throughout the country in each Regional Electoral Committee. 3. Programming 11th EDF - National Indicative Programme (NIP) 2014-2020 document Mid-term review, AAP 2018 1 4. Sector of Priority 1 : Governance DEV. Aid: YES concentration/ thematic area 5. Amounts Total estimated cost: EUR 6 240 388.43 (USD 7 676 700) concerned Total amount of EDF contribution: EUR 2 500 000 This action is co-financed in joint co-financing by: - United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) for an amount of USD 100 000 so far; - Government of Guinea-Bissau for an amount of USD 1 800 000 so far. 6. Aid Project Modality modality(ies) Indirect management with United Nations Development Programme and for an amount of EUR 2 500 000. implementation modality(ies) 7 a) DAC code(s) 15151 Elections 1 Official Development Aid is administered with the promotion of the economic development and welfare of developing countries as its main objective. [1] b) Main Delivery United Nations Development Programme 411114 Channel 8. Markers (from General policy objective Not Significant Main CRIS DAC form) targeted objective objective Participation development/good ☐ ☐ X governance Aid to environment X ☐ ☐ Gender equality (including ☐ X ☐ Women In Development) Trade Development X ☐ ☐ Reproductive, Maternal, New X ☐ ☐ born and child health RIO Convention markers Not Significant Main targeted objective objective Biological diversity X ☐ ☐ Combat desertification X ☐ ☐ Climate change mitigation X ☐ ☐ Climate change adaptation X ☐ ☐ 9. Global Public NA Goods and Challenges (GPGC) thematic flagships 10. Sustainable SDG 16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable Development Goals development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, (SDGs) accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels Goal 17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development SUMMARY The project aims at supporting the Government of Guinea-Bissau to hold credible, legitimate and transparent elections in 2018 and 2019, as envisaged by the country's Constitution, legislative and presidential elections respectively. In particular, the project will support Electoral Management Bodies and institutions involved in election preparation and implementation, namely the National Election Commission (Comissão Nacional de Eleições, CNE), under the National Assembly, and the Technical Office for the Support of Electoral Processes (Gabinete Técnico de Apoio às Eleições, GTAPE), under the Ministry of Territorial Administration. The overall objective is to contribute to the holding of the two polls in 2018 and 2019 via an untargeted contribution to the Basket Fund "Support to Electoral Cycle 2018 and 2019", managed by the UNDP Office in Guinea-Bissau, in support of CNE and GTAPE. [2] The project's specific objectives are: to support the credible and reliable update of the electoral rolls and to support the organisation of legitimate, transparent and credible elections in line with the domestic legislation and international standards. 1 CONTEXT 1.1 Sector/Country/Regional context/Thematic area Guinea-Bissau is located in West Africa and has an area of 36.125 square kilometres. The country is one of the poorest in the world, with a Human Development Index of 0.42 ranking it 178th out of 188 countries in 2016. Nearly two-thirds (65.7 %) of the population live on less than two US dollars a day and 21.4 % live on less than one dollar a day. Since independence, the political system has evolved from the authoritarian type towards a democratic type of regime. This process remains unfinished because it is characterised by recurrent instability, marked by violations of human rights and harm to human life. Regular transgressions to the constitutional order have often resulted in the taking of power by the military class or with its support. Since the introduction of democracy in 1994, when the first democratic elections took place in Guinea-Bissau, six other elections were held as follows: in 1999 (legislative and presidential), 2004 (legislative), 2005 (presidential), 2008 (legislative), 2012 (presidential) and 2014 (presidential and legislative). With the exception of the 2008 legislative elections, which were held as consequence of a normal completion of the electoral cycle, to date, any other election has always been held in the wake of conflict or serious political crisis. The upcoming elections, despite the ongoing political crisis, will be the second in the country’s history that will be held as a consequence of the normal completion of an electoral cycle. Resumption of constitutional order in 2014, following the 2012 coup d’état, brought prospects for better outcomes. Elections in mid-2014 helped anchor peace. The incoming government led by the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) launched an ambitious 10-year plan (2015-2025) known as Terra Ranka, or "a fresh start", for social progress targeting political stability, inclusive development, good governance, and preservation of biodiversity. The plan received the overwhelming support of International Partners at the Guinea-Bissau Donors' Conference on 25 March 2015 in Brussels that resulted in pledges of USD 1.5 billion. While the security situation has remained calm, political instability has persisted. Divisions within the largest political party led to seven changes of government since mid-2015 and Parliament did not sit for two and a half years until April 2018, only to extend its mandate. In effect this has meant that the last budget was voted in 2015, and key reforms in sensitive areas such as security, defence and justice fell by the wayside. The political context started to deteriorate in mid-2015 as a result of deepening discord between the President José Mário Vaz and the then Prime Minister, Domingos Simões Pereira, then and current leader of the PAIGC. This resulted in the dismissal of the Prime Minister and the Government in spite of successive unanimous votes of support in Parliament. Since then, the country has continued to stumble between the political tensions within the PAIGC and between the Presidency, Government, Judiciary and the National People's Assembly (National Assembly) of Guinea- Bissau. The result of this prolonged crisis has been the absence of effective government since August 2015. [3] On 16 October 2016, a roadmap for exiting the political crisis brokered by ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States) was signed and represented the hope to end the crisis, the so-called "Conakry Agreement". The agreement identified six steps to achieve stability for the remainder of the current legislature. These include i) a round table dialogue with the various stakeholders; ii) a consensual inclusive government to remain in power until the 2018 legislative elections; iii) reforms of the Constitution, territorial administration, electoral law, and the law on political parties, as well as the strengthening of the justice system; iv) the implementation of the reforms in the defence and security sectors; v) the withdrawal of ECOMIB (ECOWAS Mission in Guinea-Bissau) within six months after Guinea-Bissau’s corresponding forces are trained; and vi) an ECOWAS monitoring and evaluation mechanism to ensure that the conclusions of the round table are implemented. However, the continued political disagreement has not enabled the implementation of the Conakry Agreement and the upcoming elections appear to be the most promising opportunity to untie the impasse. Three Prime Ministers have been appointed since then, which were not consensual, thus exacerbating the political impasse. In the instable political situation, in February 2017, the Government of Guinea-Bissau requested formally that the international community, via a letter addressed to UN representatives in Bissau, provide support for the preparation of the 2018 and 2019 elections, as well as local elections; the letter highlighted the need to support the update of the cartography and voter lists. In April 2017, CNE prepared and submitted to the President a first proposal for timetable for elections to be held in May 2018, a month before the end of the legislature. The President did not reply officially. In early January 2018 CNE submitted to the President another timetable with elections foreseen for November 2018 (including voter register update). In April 2018, with the appointment of the 7th Prime Minister of the current legislature, the decision for election date was finally taken for 18 November 2018. After 2.5 years, the National Assembly met in plenary to extend the legislature until the elections are held, as confirmed by a decree signed by the President. The reopening of the Parliament also voted the new President and Executive Secretariat of the CNE, which was working with an interim President since 2016; this, on one side, helps to improve credibility and lower the chance of contesting
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