Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2019), 6(4): 271-282 Received: October 13, 2018 © 2019 Iranian Society of Ichthyology Accepted: July 11, 2019 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964 doi: 10.22034/iji.v6i4.319 http://www.ijichthyol.org Research Article

Growth parameters and length-weight relationship of Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (: Chaetodontidae) from the southeast coast of India

Thillaigovindhan MANIKANDARAJAN1, Gopalan MAHADEVAN*1, Palanivel BHARADHIRAJAN1, Mojtaba POULADI2, Reza ABBASPOUR NADERI3

1Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai – 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India. 2Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. 3Department of Fisheries, Iranian Fisheries Research Organization, Tehran, Iran. *Email: [email protected] Abstract: To study the growth parameters of long fin banner fish, Heniochus acuminatus, samples were monthly collected from the trawl catches of five major fish landing centers (Pondicherry, Cuddalore, Parangipettai, Karaikkal, and Nagapattinam) of the southeast coast of India during January to December 2015. A total of 475 longfin bannerfish (222 males and 253 females), ranging in size from 6.0-15.2cm for males and 5.6-15.7cm for females were collected. The total body weight of male and female were ranged from 11.06-25.34g and 10.90-27.15g, respectively. The b-value estimated for male (3.006) was greater than 3 (isometric) and for female (2.809) was less than 3 (slightly negative allometric). The correlation coefficient values (r) for male (0.984) and for female (0.995) was highly significant, with a high degree of the positive correlation between total body length and weight. The relative condition factor (Kn) values were found higher in females than males during various seasons. The asymptotic length Lα values obtained using various methods for females ranged from 16.8 to 18.3cm (TL) and similarly, for males, it ranged from 16.77 and 176.4cm (TL). Most appropriate values of growth rate (K) for males and females were 1.20 -1 -1 yr and 1.80 yr , respectively. The estimated t0 for males and females were -0.191 and - 0.166, respectively. The growth parameters obtained during the present study will be used for stock assessment of this species.

Keywords: Long fin banner fish, Age, Growth, Condition factor, Population dynamics. Citation: Manikandarajan, T.; Mahadevan, G.; Bharadhirajan, P.; Pouladi, M. & Abbaspour Naderi, R. 2019. Growth parameters and length-weight relationship of Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Perciformes: Chaetodontidae) from the southeast coast of India. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 6(4): 271-282.

Introduction 2002). Growth data also permit the determination of Growth studies are necessary when dealing with population changes due to fishing activities. population dynamics, fishery forecasts and fishery The estimation of growth parameters is helpful in surveys (Laidig et al. 2003). According to Mohanraj the evaluation of the condition or general well-being (2000), a better understanding of growth-size and age of the through the study of condition factor relationship is important for applying equilibrium (K) or relative condition factor (Kn) (Kulbicki et al. yield models in fishery management. Moreover, data 1993; King 1996). Condition factor has been used as on growth of fishes are indispensable for the an index for monitoring feeding intensity, age and understanding of biological traits (e.g. lifespan, age growth rates in fish (Oni et al. 1983). The exact at sexual maturity etc.), the study of population relationship between length and weight differs demographic structure and its dynamics (Panfili et al. among fish species according to their inherited body 271

Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2019), 6(4): 271-282

shape and within a species according to the condition (robustness) of individual fish (Schneider et al. 2000). Length-weight relationship (LWR) can also be used for estimating the number of fish landed and comparing the population in space and time (Khan et al. 2011). The LWR provides a massive contribution in fisheries as it reveals the mathematical relationship between the variable’s length and weight of fishes (Arshad et al. 2012; Thulasitha & Sivashanthini 2012). It is an important parameter and is helpful in understanding the growth dynamics of fish populations (Morato et al. 2001). Besides, it can be used to predict the well-being of the fish population and in comparing the life history (Pauly 1993). Length-weight relationships are useful for the Fig.1. Heniochus acuminatus from major fish landing centers of southeast coast of India. conversion of growth-in-length equations to growth- in-weight for use in stock assessment models and to H. acuminatus has not been yet studied in detail, estimate stock biomass from limited sample sizes particularly in the Southeast Coast of India. (Ecoutin et al. 2005; Froese & Pauly 2018). Therefore, the present study was undertaken to The family Chaetodontidae popularly known as estimate the length-weight relationship and age- Butterfly fish is an important aquarium fish growth parameters of H. acuminatus from five major distributed in coral reefs of tropical and subtropical fish landing centers of the Southeast Coast of India. regions (Ohman et al. 1998). They are also important bio-indicator species for assessing the health of coral Materials and Methods reefs as they feed on coral polyps (Hourigan et al. Study area and sample collection: Fish individuals 1988). The Heniochus (Perciformes: were collected monthly from the trawl (shrimp Chaetodontidae) are represented by eight species and bottom trawlers with cod-end of 40mm square mesh among them seven species are reported from Indian and a cod-end cover of 20mm mesh to quantify the coastal waters (Froese & Pauly 2018). Vaitheeswaran escapement through 40mm meshes) catches of five et al. (2004) estimated the length-weight relationship major fish landing centers (Pondicherry, Cuddalore, of H. acuminatus collected from the reef islands of Parangipettai, Karaikkal, and Nagapattinam) of the Gulf of Mannar, India. Franklin et al. (2009) southeast coast of India (11.9416°N to 79.8424°E) reported the length-weight and length-length during January to December 2015; however no relationships of three endemic species sampling was done in May due to fishing holiday (Chaetodontidae) from coral reefs of the declared by the government. The collected monthly Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, USA. Chu et al. data were pooled together seasonally (January to (2011) studied the Length-weight relationships of March-Post-monsoon; April to June-Summer; July to Chelmon rostratus (Perciformes: Chaetodontidae) in September-Pre-monsoon and October to December- the southwestern coast of Taiwan. Despite its well- Monsoon) to estimate the seasonal difference in known status among the coral reef fishes, relative condition factor of this fish. The samples information on the biology especially length-weight were brought to the laboratory and cleaned in tap relationship and age-growth parameters of water. Male and female individuals were identified 272 Manikandarajan et al.- Growth parameters and length-weight relationship of Heniochus acuminatus

by examining the gonads by cutting the body cavity. collected on a monthly basis and obtained through A total of 455 specimens (222 males and 253 the non-parametric method passes through the females) ranging in size from 5.6 to 15.7cm were greatest number of modes, giving estimates of L∞ and used (Fig. 1). The total length (TL) of each fish was K (Wetherall 1986). Powell-Wetherall method measured from the anterior-most edge of the snout to (Beverton & Holt 1956) was used to calculate the the posterior-most edge of caudal fin to the nearest ratio of total mortality and growth coefficient (Z/K) mm with a measuring board. Weight (W) was as an initial estimate of asymptotic length (L∞). measured to the nearest 0.1g by an electronic balance Gulland & Holt (1959) plot uses growth increment (Roy Electronic balance) after draining the water data to estimate Lα and K. Length frequency data from the buckle cavity and wiping the moisture were then analyzed by Electronic Length Frequency content on the body of fish (King 1996). Fishes with Analysis (ELEFAN I) (Pauly 1980, 1983) using the damaged caudal fin were discarded. appropriate routines in FiSAT II package. In this Length-weight relationship (LWR): LWR was method, the growth parameters, asymptotic length b calculated by following equation W = aL (Froese (L∞) and growth coefficient (K) were estimated 2006), where W is total body weight in gram, TL is following the von Bertalanffy growth equation total body length in centimeter; a is constant, and b is (Wetherall 1986): –K (t –t ) the slope of the regression line. The values of a and b Lt = L∞ [1 – e 0 ] were estimated through a logarithmic transformation; Where Lt is the length at age t, L∞ = asymptotic log W = log a + blog TL, by the least squares linear length in cm, K = growth coefficient and t0 = age at regression method (Froese 2006). The coefficient of which fish would have had zero length if they had determination (r2) was estimated as an indicator of always grown according to the above equation. the quality of linear regression. The null hypothesis Parameters of L∞ and K were computed from the that b=3 was tested using two-tailed t-tests as ELEFAN I. The t0 value from the length-frequency described by Zar (1999). The t-test analysis was data cannot be estimated by ELEFAN, t0 is estimated carried out for the length and weight data to confirm by substituting the L and K in the following equation: the significance of the relationship at P<0.05 (Zar log (t0) -0.176+0.260 log L 1.0 log K 1984). The deviation of regression coefficient (b) Growth performance index was calculated by the from the isometric value of 3 was tested using the equation (Pauly & Munro 1984): following equation (King 1996): Φ = log10K+2log10L t = b-3/sb Longevity was estimated from the following Where b is the regression coefficient, 3 the equation (Pauly 1983): constant indicating isometric growth and sb= tmax = 3/K+ t0 standard deviation of the slope. The seasonal mean Statistical analysis: Shapiro-Wilkes test was relative condition factor (Kn) was calculated using performed to check the normality of the data by using the following equation: SPSS (version 16) software. The data were Kn = W0/W transmitted to log10 (x+1) to remove heterogeneity Where Kn is condition factor, W0 = observed of variances and normalize them. Data analysis was weight and W = expected the weight of each size performed using Excel software (version 2010) and group calculated from the length-weight relationship. FISAT II. Two-way ANOVA of males and females were tested to analyze the significant differences in Kn values Results between both sexes during different seasons. The small-sized immature (5.6cm) females were Age and growth estimation: Size frequency data were dominant during the month of June whereas the 273 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2019), 6(4): 271-282

Table 1. Length-weight relationship parameters of Heniochus acuminatus collected from five major fish landing centers of the southeast coast of India from January to December 2015.

Size range Weight range Regression parameters Errors of estimation Species N (TL) cm (g) P a b r2 (b-3) (±)Sb b-3/ Sb Male 222 6.0- 15.2 11.06-25.34 0.0067 3.006 0.969 < 0.005 0.006 0.243 0.024 Female 253 5.6-15.7 10.90-27.15 0.0056 2.809 0.992 < 0.005 0.191 0.284 0.672 Notes: N = sample size, a = intercept of regression curve, b = growth coefficient, r2 = determination coefficient, P = significance level, (b-3) = growth coefficient, (Sb) = standard error of 'b', b-3/ Sb= t-test.

Fig.2. Monthly occurrence percentage of different maturity stages in females of Heniochus acuminatus collected from the southeast coast of India

Fig.3. Monthly occurrence percentage of different maturity stages in males of Heniochus acuminatus collected from the southeast coast of India matured largest one was represented during the during July (6.0cm) and the matured largest during month of April (15.7cm) (Fig. 2). For males, the April (15.2cm) (Fig. 3). smallest sized immature group was represented Length-weight relationship (LWR): The total body

274 Manikandarajan et al.- Growth parameters and length-weight relationship of Heniochus acuminatus

Fig.4. Relative condition (Kn) for male and female of Heniochus acuminatus from the southeast coast of India.

Fig.5. Powell-Wetherall plot for male (a) and female (b) of Heniochus acuminatus collected from the southeast coast of India. weight of male H. acuminatus ranged from 11.06- significant (P<0.001), with a high degree of positive 25.34g and female 10.90-27.15g. Length-weight correlation between total body length and weight. relationship parameters of H. acuminatus are Relative condition factor (Kn): The values of Kn presented in Table 1. The intercept of the regression showed fluctuations during various seasons in both curve (a) and growth coefficient (b) was males and females (Fig. 4). The Kn values (mean) of approximately similar for male and female males varied between 0.56±0.13 (Mean±SE) during H. acuminatus. The coefficient of determination (r2) summer and 1.08±0.28 during monsoon whereas in for both male and female was higher than 0.95 and females Kn varied between 0.69±0.17 during summer linear regression on log-transformed data of these - and 1.27±0.33 during post-monsoon respectively. both sexes was highly significant (P<0.005) (Table Also, males (F=1.67; df=3; P<0.5) and females 1). The correlation coefficient values (r) for male (F=1.86; df=3; P<0.5) indicated significant (0.984) and for female (0.995) were highly differences in Kn values between the seasons.

275 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2019), 6(4): 271-282

Table 2. Growth parameters of males and females of Heniochus acuminatus from using length frequency data.

-1 Growth performance Longevity Method Sex L (mm) Z/K K (yr ) Rn/ Score index (Φ) (tmax) M 176.40 2.325 - - - - Powell Wetherall F 183.20 2.719 - - - - ELEFAN I M 167.70 - 1.01 0.217 - - (i)Automatic search F 168.00 - 1.80 0.249 - - M 168.00 - 1.20 0.251 - - (ii) K-scan F 168.00 - 1.80 0.284 - - M 168.73 - 0.190 - - - Shepherd’s method K – Scan F 168.42 - 2.710 - - - M 176.00 - 1.51 - - - Response surface F 177.03 - 1.51 - - - M 167.70 - 2.458 - - - Gulland and Holt F 168.00 - 4.162 - - - M - - - - 4.01 - Pauly and Munro (Φ) F - - - - 3.61 - M - - - - - 4.19 Pauly 1983 (t ) max F - - - - - 3.70 M 4.272 von Bertalanffy F 4.568

Table 3. Estimation of K and t0 with the von Bertalanffy plot for male and female Heniochus acuminatus collected from the southeast coast of India.

Male -1 Age Length (Lt) (mm) Lt/ L 1-Lt/L -LN(1-t/ L) K=b (yr ) t0=(-a/b) (mm)

1 45 0.2683 0.7317 0.3124 -0.226

2 77 0.4592 0.5408 1.2098 1.20 3 140 0.8348 0.1652 1.9954 4 160 0.9541 0.0459 3.0813 Female 1 1 60 0.357 0.441 -0.365

2 2 85 0.506 1.765 1.80 3 3 160 0.952 3.044

Age and growth estimation: Powell-Wetherall plots and females of H. acuminatus are shown in Figure 6. for the estimation of L∞ and Z/K of males and The automatic search routine in FiSAT package gave - females are shown in Figure 5. The L∞ values the L∞ and K values of 167.70mm (TL) and 1.01 yr obtained for males and females of were 176.40mm [r 1 for males and 168.00mm (TL) and 1.80 yr-1 for = -0.990; regression equation Y= 53.06 + (-0.301) x] females, respectively, whereas the K-scan routines and 183.20mm [r = -0.986; regression equation Y= gave the values of 168.00mm and 1.20 yr-1 for males 49.26 + (-0.269) x], respectively. The alignment of and 168.00mm (TL) and 1.80 yr-1 for female, points on the straight line was quite satisfactory with respectively. a good correlation value (0.999). Gulland and Holt method: The growth parameters ELEFAN I: The optimized growth parameters (L∞ obtained for males and females by Gulland & Holt and K) and the goodness of fit index (Rn) for males (1959) plot using the growth increment data are and females of by ELEFAN I method are given in graphically represented in Figure 7. The asymptotic Table 2 and Figure 6. The non-seasonalized length lengths and K values obtained for males and females frequency histograms with growth curves for males were 167.70mm (TL), 2.458 and 168.00mm (TL), 276 Manikandarajan et al.- Growth parameters and length-weight relationship of Heniochus acuminatus

Fig.6. Growth curve derived using ELEFAN I for male (a) and female (b) Heniochus acuminatus collected from the southeast coast of India.

Fig.7. Gulland and Holt plot for male (a) and female (b) Heniochus acuminatus collected from the southeast coast of India. 4.162 yr-1, respectively. females were -0.1915 yr and -0.1661 yr, respectively. Von Bertalanffy plot: The results of von Bertalanffy plot for the estimation of K and t0 for males and Discussion females of H. acuminatus are shown in Table 3 and From the regression equation obtained in the present are graphically depicted in Figure 8. The values of study, it is clear that the b values traced for males the regression coefficient (a) were 0.226 for males (3.006) were greater than 3 and females (2.809) were and 0.365 for females. The slope b, which is equal to less than 3. Allen (1938) reported that the exponent the K value, was 1.20 yr-1 for males and 1.80 yr-1 for coefficient (b) in the length-weight relationship of females. The t0 values estimated for males and fishes is generally considered as 3. Carlander (1969) 277 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2019), 6(4): 271-282

Fig.8. Von Bertalanffy plot for male (a) and female (b) Heniochus acuminatus collected from the southeast coast of India. pointed out that the b-value is very close to 3.0 but higher in females than males during various seasons. varies between 2.5 and 3.5. It is noticed that the a and According to Le Cren (1951), the relative condition b-values not only differ in different species but differ factor (Kn) is an indicator of the general well-being in the same species depending on sex, stage of of the fish. Kn value greater than one (1) is indicative maturity, and food habits (Bal & Rao 1984). of the good condition, whereas the value less than one According to Frosta et al. (2004), the slope value (b) stands for not in good condition. Kn values of the indicates the rate of weight gain relative to growth in present study, varied between 0.56 and 1.27 in both length varies among different populations of the the sexes. The condition factor of fishes is reported same species or within the same species (Townsend to be influenced by a number of factors such as the et al. 2003). onset of maturity (Doddamani & Shanbouge 2001), Vaitheeswaran et al. (2004) also reported spawning (Al-Daham & Wahab 1991) and pollution significant differences in calculated slope value (b) (Devi et al. 2008). The higher Kn values (<1) of male (2.07) and female (2.82) of H. acuminatus estimated in the present study indicates that the from Gulf of Mannar, India. Randall et al. (1990) health of H. acuminatus (both sex) is in good studied the length-weight relationship of condition in the surveyed areas. H. singularis and reported the slope value of 3.0 for The determination of growth parameters and both the sexes. The b-value of H. acuminatus, thereby the age of the fish have a great role in H. chrysostomus and H. monoceros were found fisheries research. Fish production results partly from greater than 3 in New Caledonia, Noumea fish growth (Jennings et al. 2001) and the errors in (Letourneur et al. 1988). Kulbicki et al. (2005) also age and growth estimation lead to over-exploitation reported the b-value greater than 3 for H. acuminatus, or under exploitation of the species (Saborido-Rey et H. chrysostomus, Heniochus spp. and H. monoceros al. 2004). Determination of age and growth based on in the southeastern lagoon of New Caledonia. Robins a single method has its own limitations especially et al. (1991) studied the length-weight relationship of when the determination is through indirect/statistical H. intermedius and reported the slope value of 3.0 for methods. Hence in the present study, various both the sexes. The variations in the exponential methods have been used to get reasonable results. values b might be due to certain environmental The Lα values obtained were well above the conditions (Narejo et al. 2003). Among both the maximum length (Lmax) of 176.40mm (TL) for males sexes, it was observed that the males were slightly in and 183.20mm (TL) in females. better condition than the females. The values of the parameters of the von In the present study, the Kn values were found Bertalanffy growth equation are higher for the coastal

278 Manikandarajan et al.- Growth parameters and length-weight relationship of Heniochus acuminatus

lagoon fishes, whereas the Lα values are lower in Carlander, K.D. 1969. Handbook of Freshwater Fishery relation to those obtained for the marine areas; all Biology. VOL. 1. The Iowa State University Press, these differences are important even in areas that are Ames, Iowa. 752 p. very close (Metar et al. 2011; Murugan et al. 2012; Chu, W.S.; Wang, J.P.; Hou, Y.Y., Ueng, Y.T. and Chu, P.H., 2011. Length-weight relationships for fishes off Kadhersha et al. 2014). The values for Lα and K were the southwestern coast of Taiwan. African Journal of very much similar in such cases. Fast growth rates Biotechnology 10(19): 3945-3950. and small asymptotic lengths indicate that the fish Devi, J.O.; Nagesh, T.S.; Das, S.K. & Mandal, B. 2008. species in these. Length-weight relationship and relative condition The result obtained in the present study for male factor of Pampus argenteus (Euphrasen) from and female H. acuminatus is in close agreement with Kakdwip estuarine region of West Bengal. Journal of the earlier studies. These growth parameters obtained the Inland Fisheries Society of India 40(2): 70-73. during the present study will be used for stock Doddamani, M.T.J.R. & Shanbhogue, S.L. 2001. Length- assessment of this species. weight relationship and condition factor of Stolephorus bataviensis from Mangalore area. Indian Acknowledgments Journal of Fisheries 48(3): 329-332. The authors are grateful to the Director & Dean, CAS Ecoutin, J.M.; Albaret, J. & Trape, S. 2005. Length- weight relationships for fish populations of a relatively Marine Biology and authorities of Annamalai undisturbed tropical estuary: The Gambia. Fisheries University for providing necessary facilities. The Research 72: 347-351. authors would also like to express sincere thanks to Franklin, E.C.; Brong, C.V.; Dow, A.R. & Craig, M.T. the Ministry of Human Resource & Development 2009. Length-weight and length-length relationships [G4 (1)/1630/2013], New Delhi for financial support. of three endemic butterflyfish species (Chaetodontidae) from coral reefs of the Northwestern References Hawaiian Islands, USA. Journal of Applied Al-Daham, N.K. & Wahab, N.K. 1991. Age, growth and Ichthyology 25(5): 616-617. reproduction of the greenback mullet, Liza subviridis Froese, R. & Pauly, D. 2018. FishBase. (Valenciennes), in an estuary in Southern Iraq. www.fishbase.org. accessed October 2017. Journal of Fish Biology 38(1): 81-88. Froese, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight- Allen, K.R. 1938. Some observations on the biology of length relationships: history, meta‐analysis and the trout (Salmo trutta) in Windermere. Journal of recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology Animal Ecology 7: 333-349. 22(4): 241-253. Arshad, A.; Nurul Amin, S.M.; Nuradiella, Y.L.Z.; Cob, Frosta, I.O.; Costa, P.A.S. & Braga, A.C. 2004. Length- Z.C.; Ara, R. & Aziz, D. 2012. Population weight relationship of marine fishes from the Central characteristics of A. japonicas from the kedah coastal Brazilian Coast. Naga, the ICLARM Quarterly 27: 20- waters of peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Fisheries 26. and Aquatic Sciences 7: 162-172. Gulland, J.A. & Holt, S.J. 1959. Estimation of growth Bal, D.V. & Rao, K.V. 1984. Marine Fisheries. Tata parameters for data at unequal time intervals. ICES McGraw Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi, Journal of Marine Science 25(1): 47-49. India. 470 p. Hourigan, T.F.; Tricas, T.C. & Reese, E.S. 1988. Coral Beverton, R.J.H. & Holt, S.J. 1956. A review of methods reef fishes as indicators of environmental stress in for estimating mortality rates in fish populations, with coral reefs. In: D.F. Souleand, G.S. Kleppel (Eds.). special reference to sources of bias in catch Marine Organisms as Indicators. Springer Verlag, New sampling. Rapports et Procès-Verbaux des Réunions / York. pp: 107-135. Conseil Permanent International Pour L'exploration de Jennings, S.; Kaiser, M.J. & Reynolds, J.D. 2001. Marine la Mer 140: 67-83. Fisheries Ecology, Blackwell Science Ltd, UK. pp: 55-

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281 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2019), 6(4): 270–282 Received: October 13, 2019 © 2019 Iranian Society of Ichthyology Accepted: July 11, 2019 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964 doi: 10.22034/iji.v6i4.319 http://www.ijichthyol.org

مقاله پژوهشی پارامترهای رشد و رابطه طول-وزن پروانه ماهی سه نواری Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758) )سوف ماهی شکالن: پروانه ماهیان( در سواحل جنوب شرقی هندوستان تیالیگویندهان مانیکاندراجان1، گوپاالن ماهاداوان*1، پاالنیول بهارادهیراجان1، مجتبی پوالدی2، رضا عباسپور نادری3

1مرکز مطالعه پیشرفته در زیست شناسی دریا، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه آناماالی، پارانگیپتایی – 608502، تامیل نادو، هندوستان. 2گروه شیالت، دانشکده شیالت و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، گلستان، ایران. 3معاونت صید، سازمان شیالت ایران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده: جهت مطالعه پارامترهای رشد پروانه ماهی سه نواری Heniochus acuminatus، نمونه ها بهصورت فصلی از صید حاصل از روش ترال از 5 مرکز عمده تخلیه ماهی سواحل جنوب شرقی هندوستان )پوندیچری، کودالور، پارانگیپتایی، کارایکال و ناگاپاتینام( در طی ماههای ژانویه تا دسامبر سال 2015 جمعآوری گردیدند. در مجموع 475 عدد پروانه ماهی سه نواری )222 عدد نر و 253 عدد ماده( با دامنه اندازه طولی 6 تا 2/15 سانتیمتر برای نرها و دامنه اندازه طولی 6/5 تا 7/15 سانتیمتر برای مادهها جهت مطالعه حاضر مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. دامنه وزن کل بدن نرها و مادهها بهترتیب 06/11 تا 34/25 گرم و 9/10 تا 15/27 گرم بود. مقادیر b محسابه شده برای نرها )006/3( بزرگتر از سه )ایزومتریک( و برای ماده ها )809/2( کمتر از سه بود )کمی آلومتریک منفی(. مقادیر ضریب همبستگی )r( برای نرها )984/0( و ماده ها )995/0( با درجه باالیی از همبستگی مثبت بین طول و وزن کل معنی دار بود )P<0/001(. مقادیر فاکتور وضعیت نسبی )Kn( در ماهیان ماده از ماهیان نر در طی فصول مختلف باالتر بود. مقادیر آستانه طولی )Lα( محاسبه شده با استفاده از روشهای مختلف در این مطالعه برای ماده ها از 8/16 تا 3/18 سانتیمتر )طول کل( و بهطور مشابه برای نرها از 77/16 تا 64/17 سانتیمتر )طول کل( متغیر بود. بیشترین مقادیر مناسب نرخ رشد )K( برای نرها و مادهها به ترتیب 2/1 و 8/1 در سال بودند. مقادیر t0 تخمین زده شده برای نرها و ماده ها به ترتیب 191/0- و 166/0- بودند. رابطه طول- وزن، فاکتور وضعیت و رابطه سن- رشد این گونه در مقاالت و پایگاههای داده هندوستان موجود نیست. بنابراین نتایج این مطالعه می تواند اطالعات پایه ای را برای مطالعات آینده فراهم نماید. همچنین پارامترهای رشد بهدست آمده در طی مطالعه حاضر می تواند جهت ارزیابی ذخیره این گونه مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.. کلماتکلیدی: پروانه ماهی سه نواری، سن، رشد، فاکتور وضعیت، پویایی جمعیت.

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