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Research Article Growth Parameters and Length-Weight Relationship of Heniochus Acuminatus

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Research Article Growth Parameters and Length-Weight Relationship of Heniochus Acuminatus Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2019), 6(4): 271-282 Received: October 13, 2018 © 2019 Iranian Society of Ichthyology Accepted: July 11, 2019 P-ISSN: 2383-1561; E-ISSN: 2383-0964 doi: 10.22034/iji.v6i4.319 http://www.ijichthyol.org Research Article Growth parameters and length-weight relationship of Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Perciformes: Chaetodontidae) from the southeast coast of India Thillaigovindhan MANIKANDARAJAN1, Gopalan MAHADEVAN*1, Palanivel BHARADHIRAJAN1, Mojtaba POULADI2, Reza ABBASPOUR NADERI3 1Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai – 608 502, Tamil Nadu, India. 2Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. 3Department of Fisheries, Iranian Fisheries Research Organization, Tehran, Iran. *Email: [email protected] Abstract: To study the growth parameters of long fin banner fish, Heniochus acuminatus, samples were monthly collected from the trawl catches of five major fish landing centers (Pondicherry, Cuddalore, Parangipettai, Karaikkal, and Nagapattinam) of the southeast coast of India during January to December 2015. A total of 475 longfin bannerfish (222 males and 253 females), ranging in size from 6.0-15.2cm for males and 5.6-15.7cm for females were collected. The total body weight of male and female were ranged from 11.06-25.34g and 10.90-27.15g, respectively. The b-value estimated for male (3.006) was greater than 3 (isometric) and for female (2.809) was less than 3 (slightly negative allometric). The correlation coefficient values (r) for male (0.984) and for female (0.995) was highly significant, with a high degree of the positive correlation between total body length and weight. The relative condition factor (Kn) values were found higher in females than males during various seasons. The asymptotic length Lα values obtained using various methods for females ranged from 16.8 to 18.3cm (TL) and similarly, for males, it ranged from 16.77 and 176.4cm (TL). Most appropriate values of growth rate (K) for males and females were 1.20 -1 -1 yr and 1.80 yr , respectively. The estimated t0 for males and females were -0.191 and - 0.166, respectively. The growth parameters obtained during the present study will be used for stock assessment of this species. Keywords: Long fin banner fish, Age, Growth, Condition factor, Population dynamics. Citation: Manikandarajan, T.; Mahadevan, G.; Bharadhirajan, P.; Pouladi, M. & Abbaspour Naderi, R. 2019. Growth parameters and length-weight relationship of Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Perciformes: Chaetodontidae) from the southeast coast of India. Iranian Journal of Ichthyology 6(4): 271-282. Introduction 2002). Growth data also permit the determination of Growth studies are necessary when dealing with population changes due to fishing activities. population dynamics, fishery forecasts and fishery The estimation of growth parameters is helpful in surveys (Laidig et al. 2003). According to Mohanraj the evaluation of the condition or general well-being (2000), a better understanding of growth-size and age of the animal through the study of condition factor relationship is important for applying equilibrium (K) or relative condition factor (Kn) (Kulbicki et al. yield models in fishery management. Moreover, data 1993; King 1996). Condition factor has been used as on growth of fishes are indispensable for the an index for monitoring feeding intensity, age and understanding of biological traits (e.g. lifespan, age growth rates in fish (Oni et al. 1983). The exact at sexual maturity etc.), the study of population relationship between length and weight differs demographic structure and its dynamics (Panfili et al. among fish species according to their inherited body 271 Iran. J. Ichthyol. (December 2019), 6(4): 271-282 shape and within a species according to the condition (robustness) of individual fish (Schneider et al. 2000). Length-weight relationship (LWR) can also be used for estimating the number of fish landed and comparing the population in space and time (Khan et al. 2011). The LWR provides a massive contribution in fisheries as it reveals the mathematical relationship between the variable’s length and weight of fishes (Arshad et al. 2012; Thulasitha & Sivashanthini 2012). It is an important parameter and is helpful in understanding the growth dynamics of fish populations (Morato et al. 2001). Besides, it can be used to predict the well-being of the fish population and in comparing the life history (Pauly 1993). Length-weight relationships are useful for the Fig.1. Heniochus acuminatus from major fish landing centers of southeast coast of India. conversion of growth-in-length equations to growth- in-weight for use in stock assessment models and to H. acuminatus has not been yet studied in detail, estimate stock biomass from limited sample sizes particularly in the Southeast Coast of India. (Ecoutin et al. 2005; Froese & Pauly 2018). Therefore, the present study was undertaken to The family Chaetodontidae popularly known as estimate the length-weight relationship and age- Butterfly fish is an important aquarium fish growth parameters of H. acuminatus from five major distributed in coral reefs of tropical and subtropical fish landing centers of the Southeast Coast of India. regions (Ohman et al. 1998). They are also important bio-indicator species for assessing the health of coral Materials and Methods reefs as they feed on coral polyps (Hourigan et al. Study area and sample collection: Fish individuals 1988). The Heniochus genus (Perciformes: were collected monthly from the trawl (shrimp Chaetodontidae) are represented by eight species and bottom trawlers with cod-end of 40mm square mesh among them seven species are reported from Indian and a cod-end cover of 20mm mesh to quantify the coastal waters (Froese & Pauly 2018). Vaitheeswaran escapement through 40mm meshes) catches of five et al. (2004) estimated the length-weight relationship major fish landing centers (Pondicherry, Cuddalore, of H. acuminatus collected from the reef islands of Parangipettai, Karaikkal, and Nagapattinam) of the Gulf of Mannar, India. Franklin et al. (2009) southeast coast of India (11.9416°N to 79.8424°E) reported the length-weight and length-length during January to December 2015; however no relationships of three endemic butterflyfish species sampling was done in May due to fishing holiday (Chaetodontidae) from coral reefs of the declared by the government. The collected monthly Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, USA. Chu et al. data were pooled together seasonally (January to (2011) studied the Length-weight relationships of March-Post-monsoon; April to June-Summer; July to Chelmon rostratus (Perciformes: Chaetodontidae) in September-Pre-monsoon and October to December- the southwestern coast of Taiwan. Despite its well- Monsoon) to estimate the seasonal difference in known status among the coral reef fishes, relative condition factor of this fish. The samples information on the biology especially length-weight were brought to the laboratory and cleaned in tap relationship and age-growth parameters of water. Male and female individuals were identified 272 Manikandarajan et al.- Growth parameters and length-weight relationship of Heniochus acuminatus by examining the gonads by cutting the body cavity. collected on a monthly basis and obtained through A total of 455 specimens (222 males and 253 the non-parametric method passes through the females) ranging in size from 5.6 to 15.7cm were greatest number of modes, giving estimates of L∞ and used (Fig. 1). The total length (TL) of each fish was K (Wetherall 1986). Powell-Wetherall method measured from the anterior-most edge of the snout to (Beverton & Holt 1956) was used to calculate the the posterior-most edge of caudal fin to the nearest ratio of total mortality and growth coefficient (Z/K) mm with a measuring board. Weight (W) was as an initial estimate of asymptotic length (L∞). measured to the nearest 0.1g by an electronic balance Gulland & Holt (1959) plot uses growth increment (Roy Electronic balance) after draining the water data to estimate Lα and K. Length frequency data from the buckle cavity and wiping the moisture were then analyzed by Electronic Length Frequency content on the body of fish (King 1996). Fishes with Analysis (ELEFAN I) (Pauly 1980, 1983) using the damaged caudal fin were discarded. appropriate routines in FiSAT II package. In this Length-weight relationship (LWR): LWR was method, the growth parameters, asymptotic length b calculated by following equation W = aL (Froese (L∞) and growth coefficient (K) were estimated 2006), where W is total body weight in gram, TL is following the von Bertalanffy growth equation total body length in centimeter; a is constant, and b is (Wetherall 1986): –K (t –t ) the slope of the regression line. The values of a and b Lt = L∞ [1 – e 0 ] were estimated through a logarithmic transformation; Where Lt is the length at age t, L∞ = asymptotic log W = log a + blog TL, by the least squares linear length in cm, K = growth coefficient and t0 = age at regression method (Froese 2006). The coefficient of which fish would have had zero length if they had determination (r2) was estimated as an indicator of always grown according to the above equation. the quality of linear regression. The null hypothesis Parameters of L∞ and K were computed from the that b=3 was tested using two-tailed t-tests as ELEFAN I.
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