A Global Map of Mental Health Research Funding

research BRIEF

Project Ecosystem: A global map of mental health research funding

Introduction ental illness has a major impact on individuals, Summary healthcare systems and society. Research is needed • This study provides an unprecedented map of the global Mto improve our understanding of the underly- distribution of funding for mental health research built ing mechanisms of many mental health conditions and to on the funding acknowledgements in over 220,000 develop effective treatments. However, the field of mental research papers published between 2009 and 2014. health research is broad and fragmented. It covers a diversity • It reveals a diversity of over 1,900 funding agencies of health conditions and contains a large and varied popula- supporting mental health research, including private tion of researchers and funding organisations. These char- sector organisations and those whose primary remit acteristics are a significant challenge to coordinating and does not concern mental health. conducting research. There has never been, to the best of • Public and not-for-profit funders are the most numerous our knowledge, a comprehensive view of the entire mental and include small and relatively new charities. health research funding ‘ecosystem’ at a global scale. • The clinical conditions most commonly covered by the This study provides a snapshot of the mental health research papers were: research funding ecosystem, showing who the major funders are, what kinds of research they support and how 1. neurodegenerative and cognition disorders; their strategies relate to one another. 2. depressive, anxiety and personality disorders; and 3. substance use and addictive disorders. Approach • The study also provides detailed profiles of 32 key The study took a bottom-up approach, using the funding research funders describing their missions, funding strat- acknowledgements on journal papers between 2009 and egies and evaluation approaches, and draws out six 2014 to identify the full range of funding organisations themes emerging across these profiles. supporting mental health research. Alongside this we car- ried out a survey of researchers to check acknowledgement behaviour and validate the list of funders obtained from the acknowledgement analysis. demia; and industry. The top 15 funders with the most There are two caveats to the approach we used to iden- acknowledgements globally are shown in Table 1. tify mental health papers. First, it will tend to under-repre- • Not-for-profit organisations were the most numer- sent basic research that did not indicate a clinical relevance ous and represented 39 per cent of all funders. Among to mental health. Second, only half of the 229,980 papers these we identified a number of small and relatively had funding acknowledgements. new charities and foundations, as well as larger organ- To supplement the mapping exercise we produced isations whose primary remit does not concern mental detailed qualitative profiles of 32 key mental health health, such as the British Heart Foundation. research funders summarising their current practices and • Governments were the most frequently acknowl- future plans. The data collected was synthesised into six edged source of funding. This sector was cited in 67 cross-cutting themes covering: attitudes to collaboration; per cent of the papers with funding acknowledgements. definitions of mental health research; evaluation practices; • The US was the largest producer of mental health how funding decisions are made; strategy development; research – 36 per cent of publications – and accounted and types of funding. for 31 per cent of government and not-for-profit fund- Findings ing organisations. • The highest numbers of mental health research Who are the major mental health research funders? funders were in North America, northern and • The funding acknowledgements on our 229,980 western Europe, and China. China is dominated by papers revealed 1,908 funders acknowledged on more government funding agencies, while some European than 10 papers between 2009 and 2014. These funders countries, in particular Finland and Sweden, have came from four sectors: government; not-for-profit; aca- relatively more charities and foundations. Figure 1: Global mental health research funding This network represents funders active in mental health research worldwide and relationships between them. The data for the network comes from the 364,324 funding acknowledgements on 229,980 research papers in mental health research published between 2009 and 2014. Each of the 1908 nodes represents a research funder; the larger the node, the more often that funder has been acknowledged alongside other funders. The links between nodes indicate the number of times those two funders were acknowledged on the same paper. Within the global network, some nodes form clusters with many common links; nodes in each cluster are given the same colour and broadly align with the home countries of the funders.

Clemson Uni Institute on Famil... Seattle GO Sequencing Project Mashhad Uni of Medical Sciences International Society for Chil... Judie and Marshall Polk Resear... Robson Family King Saud Uni Qatar National Research Fund-Q... Capital Group Companies Charit... American Orthopsychiatric Asso... KACST Brain Mapping Support Found. Allergan China Scholarship Council Jennifer Jones-Simon Found. Tamkin Found. Brain Mapping Medical Research... Broad GO Sequencing Project International Family Therapy A... Montreal Childrens Hospital Re... Psychological Assessment Resou... SSHRC The Sidney Kimmel Center for P... Inokashira Hospital Research F... Uni of Southern Denmark American Sleep Research Societ... Pierson-Lovelace Found. King Pharmaceuticals North-star Fund Hirosaki Research Institute fo... Argentina FINECO Ahmanson Found. Hanyang Uni McGraw Hill Springer American Association of Uni Wo... Promotion and Mutual Aid Corpo... Cell Science Research Found. J... Spanish Ministry of Public Hea... McLaughlin Centre Uni of Tennessee Anclote Found. RTI International Chulalongkorn Uni Strategic Research Program for... National Center for Geriatrics... Naito Found. Daiichi Sankyo American Society for Clinical ... Canadian Institutes for Advanc... MultiHealth Systems Alliance-Biosecure Found. Elgart Fund on Brain Aging Japanese Society of Clinical N... NCNP Japan Epilepsy Research Found. Brainsway Herald House Hastings Center LPFCH Gordon Fund for Eating Disorders Cincinnati Childrens Hospital ... Case Western Reserve Uni Academic Frontier Project for ... Medical Research Council of Ca... Physicians Academy Israel Anti Drug and Alcohol A... John Wiley and Sons Uni of New Mexico All Childrens Hospital Researc... China Medical Board of New Yor... Suzuken Memorial Found. Niigata Uni Queens Uni American Academy of Pediatrics... Brigham & Womens Hospital Endo Pharmaceuticals MS Society of Canada Drummond Found. Astellas Found. National Health Research and D... US AID American Medical Association Beatrice Surovell Haskell Fund... Mental Health Commission of Ca... Pritzker Consortium General Insurance Association ... OBI Random House Minster W W Norton Company California Health Care Found. Kanae Science Found. NEDO, Japan Danone Saul A. Silverman Family Found. Annie E. Casey Found. Brown Uni Lippincott Williams and Wilkins New England Research Institutes Showa Uni MMC Pediatric Pennsylvania State Uni Smoking Research Found. of Japan SENSHIN Medical Research Found. Mochida Memorial Foundalion CJD Leadership Education in Adoles... Akdeniz Uni Research Group for Schizophrenia Agencia Nacional de Promocion ... Uni of Buenos Aires Cambridge Uni Press Duke Endowment Japan Arteriosclerosis Prevent... RIKEN Global Fund RJG Found. Uni of Arizona Physicians Post-Graduate Press Health and Labor Sciences Rese... Uni of Saskatchewan Alberta Health Services Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corpo... CME Institute/Physicians Postg... NCCDPHP Mohegan Sun Casino Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Welf... Japanese Research Found. for C... Ministry for Food Oxford Uni Press West Virginia Uni In Silico Alberta Childrens Hospital Fou... Templeton Found. Mind and Life Institute KZ Open Society Institute Center for Mental Health Servi... Lawson Health Research Institute Canadian Diabetes Association/... Baycrest Found. Donaghue Found. WSU Uni of Arkansas Consortiuum of Multiple Sclero... Takeda Science Found. Ontario Research Fund Fetzer Institute Health Canada FSCD Aspect Medical Arizona State Uni Japan Found. for Neuroscience ... Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospi... Shanghai Key Discipline Program Ontario Institute for Cancer R... Sage Heinz Found. Sigma Tau Institute for Mental Health Re... Kakenhi NIBIO NCNP NeuroDevNet Shervert Frazier Research Inst... Tourettes Action NEDA Kaiser Found. Research Institute Auckland Medical Research Found. WPA CONICET Govt. of Ontario Uni of Nebraska Shriners Hospitals for Childre... National Basic Research and De... Alberta Gaming Research Instit... Interstitial Cystitis Associat... Pharma Neuro Boost Charles Hood Found. Brigham Young Uni Japan Health Sciences Found. Govt. of Canada US Dept. of Education Allon National Academy of Neuropsych... Shanghai Key Project of Basic ... Royal Society of New Zealand M... JSPS NDSEG Purdue Klarman Family Found. NIOSH Northwestern Uni State of Florida Uni of Western Ontario Ritter Found. Adelson Medical Research Found. Program for Outstanding Medica... Accident Compensation Corporat... Uehara Memorial Found. (Japan) Ontario Problem Gambling Resea... Norlien Found. COE Respironics Found. MICHR Uni of Calgary OBSSR G. Harold and Leila Y. Mathers... CTSI Indiana Uni Obsessive Compulsive Found. Uni of Cincinnati Chinese Govt. ResMed Found. Capital District Health Author... Shanghai Pujiang Talent Program Health Sciences Found. CREST Uni of Alberta Xavier Uni International OCD Found. National Sleep Found. American Psychiatric Publishing COGEND Oregon Health and Science Uni American Legacy Found. MOE - Shanghai Key Laboratory ... Whitehall and Packard Found.s CEM Commonwealth Fund Zikei Institute of Psychiatry Fudan Uni Prentiss Found. Behrens-Weise-Stiftung Neuronetics Inc GENEVA Coordinating Center Shanghai Municipal Education C... Canadian Cancer Society Resear... Federal Ministry of Health NIDRR GENEVA ASLA Betsy and Jonathan Blattmachr ... TRF Juntendo Uni JST USAID Uni of Mississippi Uni of Toronto CCFA Fran and Ray Stark Found. Fund... Ministry of Health and the Nat... Alcohol Advisory Council of Ne... Schizophrenia Society of Ontario International Rett Syndrome Fo... ICES Atkins Found. FAMRI Dept. of Education ARCS Found. Harvard Catalyst Thrasher Research Fund Toronto Rehabilitation Institu... Urban Institute PSI Foundation National Institute of Justice David Judah Fund The Spencer Found. Institute for Research on Gamb... Science and Technology Bureau ... Canadian Health Services and R... Ontario Ministry of Research a... William K. Warren Found. of Tu... MOHLTC Michigan State Uni Uni of Iowa New York Uni Uni of Colorado Child and Family Research Inst... Genentech Sir John Templeton Found. Uni of Alabama Hogg Found. for Mental Health Shanghai Municipal Health Bure... Hunan Provincial Natural Scien... Beijing Municipality Sichuan Uni FQRNT Saskatchewan Health Research F... AGRE Uni of Manitoba WM Keck Found. Peter F. McManus Charitable Tr... Hospital for Sick Children Fou... Scottish Rite Charitable Found... Alkermes ATSDR John Merck Scholars Fund China Academy of Chinese Medic... Dalhousie Medical Research Fou... Sidney R. Baer Leonard Levy Found. Sexual Medicine Society of Nor... Manitoba Medical Services Foun... Fonds Quebecois - Societe et l... American Psychological Associa... Office of juvenile Justice and... Uni of Georgia California HIV/AIDS Research P... Shenzhen Bureau of Science PCSIRT Genome Canada Massachusetts Huntingtons Dise... Bowman Family Found. award Price Found. Heart&Stroke Foundation VHA Career Development Award DSRTF National Center for Injury Pre... National Basic Research Program State Education Ministry of Ch... MHLW Japan MEXT NSLIJ Research Institute NIH G... State Key Program of National ... Ontario Innovations Trust US DOD State of Connecticut Guilford Press Greenwall Found. Faculty Childrens Hospital of Philadel... National Child Health Research... Ministere de l'education Ontario Neurotrauma Found. McGill Uni Childrens Hospital Boston Uni of Minnesota Trichotillomania Learning Centre Shanghai Changning Health Bure... Jack Brown and Family Alz. Fou... Uni of Texas NHGRI Ontario Graduate Scholarship Hilda and Preston Davis Found. Mahidol Uni Breast Cancer Research Found. Lebanese Ministry of Public He... Uni of Montreal Edmond J. Safra Philanthropic ... Canadian Stroke Network Uni of Miami Stanford Uni NIH Uni of Florida Blue Cross Blue Shield of Mich... CAS/SAFEA HNRC American Nurses Found. Shanghai Rising- Star Program Neurological Found. of New Zea... Ontario Womens Health Council Louisiana Board of Regents grant MCHB Ohio State Uni Uni of South Florida CFAR The Gerber Found. Highland Street Found. Shirley and Jack Goldberg Trust Clinical Science Research and ... BC Mental Health and Addiction... McMaster Uni Uni of Otago CAS Vancouver Coastal Health Resea... Teva Uni at Buffalo Key Program of Medical Develop... PAPD, China Blowitz Ridgeway Found. Josiah Macy Abdi Ibrahim USUHS MIND Research Network GCRC National Football League Chari... Yunnan Province Govt. Ministry of Social Protection ... Spanish Child Psychiatry Assoc... Janssen Research Found. APF Autism Consortium of Boston Univeristy of California Independent Innovation Found. ... Uni of Michigan Fok Ying Tung Found. Klingenstein Found.s CMS Kane Family Found. Arkansas Biosciences Institute Cousins Center for Psychoneuro... Pritzker Neuropsychiatric Diso... Nova Scotia Health Research Fo... SSHRC MEC China OMHF NIDA NSERC Office of AIDS Research CTSA New York Community Trust New Zealand Lottery Health Board Dalhousie Uni W. Garfield Weston Found. grant USPHS CFI Loyola Uni Doris Duke-Charitable Found. Environmental Protection Agency Diana Helis Henry Medical Rese... Health Bureau of Zhejiang Prov... Canterbury Medical Research Fo... NBRP China Nellie Ball Research Trust Fund Connecticut Mental Health Center Belmont Hartwell Found. Medical Scientific Research Fo... Psyadon pharmaceuticals Essel Found. CIDAR Carman Trust CDPH US Administration on Aging Found. of Shanghai Science and... Uni of Utah National Center for Responsibl... California Tobacco-Related Dis... DOE Uni of Connecticut IDDRC Charles A. Dana and Buster Fou... Clinical Neurosciences Divisio... Shanghai Leading Academic Disc... Yale Uni NIDCR ARRA Philip Morris-USA DVBIC PEPFAR Ford Found. Kessler Found. Research Center David and Lucile Packard Found. Shanghai Science & Technology ... China Mega-Project for Infecti... APA NIDDK NAMIC State of Michigan CAMH ONDCP Cornell Uni Tsinghua-Yue-Yuan Medical Scie... Multiple Sclerosis Society of ... SKLID Marriot Found. NICHD Hospira AFTD Uni of Kentucky CTSA Pittsburgh Found. NABI Biopharmaceuticals The SCAN Found. Joseph Drown Found. UNICEF Spunk Fund Inc (New York) HHMI Uni of Ottawa National R&D Special Fund for ... Guangxi National Natural Scien... Ministry of Health INPRFMDIES 973 China AIHS NKT R&D China NCATS Attias Family Found. DHS CDC Emory Uni ASC NIGMS Forest Uni of Oklahoma NHTSA Medical College of Wisconsin Nancy Kirwan Heart Research Fund National Institute for Mental ... Henry M. Jackson Found. for th... Ministry of Immigrant Absorpti... Shanghai Science & Technology ... Commonwealth Research Center o... CIHR 973 Program CANMAT US NSF ALSAC IMHRO UCI Commonwealth of Pennsylvania D... Science and Technology Commiss... Uni of Pittsburgh Massachusetts General Hospital Mount Zion Health Fund Sidell-Kagan Found. Pittsburgh Claude D. Pepper Ol... Peking Uni OMA-MH Fundamental Research Funds for... MOST China 863 project SAMHSA Uni of Vermont AACAP NIMHD Uni of Louisville National Science & Technology ... Canadian Nurses Found. Arthritis Found. Sanchez Found.s Burroughs Wellcome Fund Keck Found. Uni of Southern California Scientific Research Found. for... Oriented Hundred Talents Progr... Manitoba Health Research Council Ministry of Health USAMRMC Prechter Found. Bowles Center for Alcohol Stud... Koret Family Found. Robert Packard Center for ALS ... State Key Laboratory of Cognit... Klingenstein Third Generation ... NYCDOHMH John W. Alden Trust Uni of South Carolina Weinberg Found. Specialized Research Fund, China Tourette Syndrome Association-... NINR NCI NIPI UNC Rush Uni VCU Fundacion INECO JPB Medical Found. Ischemia Research and Educatio... Science and Technology Plannin... Parkinson Society of Canada USA FAPESP DHHS ACISR McBean Family Found. NCCAM Medical Research Service of th... National Social Science Found.... AbbVie RRF MRC Columbia Uni NCRR American Cancer Society State of Texas Mount Sinai School of Medicine Research Retirement Found. Shenzhen Bureau of Health Qingdao Bureau of Science and ... RGC US-Israel Binational Science F... MSFHR NIAID MIND Institute Uni of Rochester American Diabetic Association Uni of Houston US Govt. Oklahoma Center for the Advanc... Science and Technology Coopera... UBC Duke Uni UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT Uni of Chicago Jane Botsford Johnson Found. National Infrastructure Progra... Roswell Park Transdisciplinary... BSF NEI Johns Hopkins Uni UIC Alfred P Sloan Research American Geriatrics Society Jewish Community Federation of... China Postdoctoral Science Found Uni of Washington ABMRF USEPA Epilepsy Research Found. of Am... Uni Grants Committee of Hong K... Wenzhou Science and Technology... 111 Project Astellas W T Grant Found. Uni of Wisconsin James A. Haley Veterans Hospital Uni of Malaya Medicine and Health Science Te... Uni of Massachusetts Fragile X Found. Brookdale Found. Rochester Epidemiology Project Litebook Company Ltd Research Found. of Shanghai He... Hong Kong Jockey Club Charitie... Uni of Auckland Organization for Autism Research Hartford Hospital Research Pro... NAAR Jazz State of Connecticut Boston Uni Vanderbilt Uni Hellman Family Found. ADRC Larry L Hillblom Found. Leukemia&Lymphoma Society Ministry of Chinese Science an... John Simon Guggenheim Found. Pfizer Foundation Peter Emch Family Found. Huntingtons Study Group Shanghai Committee of Science ... CONACYT France Found. KNAW CRC RWJF Ortho McNeil Starr Found. ADRC Muscular Dystrophy Association... South African Dept. of Health University of California Irish Govt. Ban-bury Fund CURE Barnes- Jewish Hospital Found. Genzyme Science Found. Arizona Israel National Institute for ... Chinese Ministry of Health National Insurance Institute o... NINDS Actelion Hartford Foundation CRCM CTCRI Yerkes Research Center NIAAA Uni of Cape Town Uni of China Uni of Missouri Harvard Uni USA Research to Prevent Blindness ... Banner Alzheimers Found. Hope Center for Neurological D... Croucher Found. National Cancer Institute of C... Chinese Scholarship Council Canadian Psychiatric Associati... ADDDF MacArthur Foundation Washington Uni Uni of Virginia Uni of Kebangsaan Malaysia Shandong Provincial Outstandin... Foundation of Chinese Academy ... Phil F. Jenkins Research Fund Uni of Kansas Woodruff Fund Uni of Pennsylvania New York State Dept. of Health Pearson Center for Alcoholism ... Pacific Alzheimer Research Fou... NSFC Hussman Found. Johnnie B. Byrd NHLBI AFSP Multiple Sclerosis Society Uni of Maryland Ellison Medical Found. McKnight Research Found. Tianjin research program of ap... Medical Science Council The Patrick and Catherine Weld... National Research Found. of So... Stavros S. Niarchos Found. NIH SFARI Mangurian Found. Hillblom Found. CurePSP Found. International Parkinson Found. ADNI Brain Research Found. NIAMS Norwegian Cancer Society South African Research Chairs ... Beijing Municipal Science & Te... Inha Uni Research Taiwan Bureau of National Heal... KOSEF INCT Johnson & Johnson Inc CIRM Irish Life plc Donald W. Reynolds Found. Uni of Toyama Brazilian Ministry of HealthCa... Korean Research Found. Feinstein Institute for Medica... CART Foundation NLM State of California ONR AHA Anonymous Medical Found. Baylor College of Medicine Harry and Doris Crossley Found. Israel Academy of Sciences and... Uni of Hong Kong Dept. of Psychiatry Cleveland Found. Helen Bader Found. Icelandic Heart Association National Institute of Occupati... Ministry of Knowledge Economy ... Irving B. Harris Found. Katz Family Found. Autism Speaks USA US Social Security Administrat... Atlantic Philanthropies FONDECYT Trustees of the Blanchette Hoo... Fondazione del Monte di Bologn... National Brain Research Center MOEHRD NASA AFaR Stephen D. Bechtel Tau Research Consortium Korean Centers for Disease Con... Taipei City Govt. in Taiwan National Research Found. FAPESC Elan ADCS FONDAP Amgen Banner Sun Health Research Ins... Australian-Chinese Academy of ... Asan Institute for Life Sciences FAPERJ FIRCA AAQI ADAA Irma T. Hirschl Award FRAXA Research Found. Catholic Medical Center Resear... Fundo de Auxlio aos Docentes ... UNICEF SNUH John Douglas French Alzheimers... Heinz C Prechter Bipolar Resea... Berkman Charitable Trust Barrow Neurological Found. U.S. Navy Bureau of Medicine a... Korea Food and Drug Administra... Yuli Veterans Hospital Universidade do Extremo Sul Ca... NSC Taiwan HRC Seaver Found. State of Arizona ALS/CVS Therapy Alliance Uni of the Witwatersrand FA Medical Research Center VA NASA NCC Wallace Research Found. American Parkinson's Disease A... Samsung Medical Center Yonsei Uni Instituto Cerebro e Mente-Brazil PRONEX, Brazil FDA NIBIB HFSP BBRF IEDC UGC, India Ministry of Education Korea Uni Grant EGRIS Epilepsy Found. Biogen Found. for Physical Therapy The William and Flora Hewlett ... MOHE, Malaysia Prescott Family Initiative of ... Pusan National Uni Hospital Croatian Ministry of Science WCU MEST FRSQ Found. Synapsys NLMFF American Academy of Neurology ... Chang Gung Memorial Hospital i... National Taiwan Uni Hospital Ministry of Education NIDCD BrightFocus Found. Gilead JDRF Commonwealth of Kentucky Resea... Robert and Clarice Smith Fello... Asklepios-Med (Hungary) Cure Alzheimers Fund UNIFESP ABADHS Piedmont Region of Italy HDRF FONDEF CSIR, India McLean Private Donors Psychoph... Found. of Gedeon Richter NIMH MES Arizona Biomedical Research Co... Colciencias Extendicare Found. BHARE Foundation Brain Net Europe Novartis Found. Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norri... Intel Corporation Arrillaga Found. Boehringer Ingelheim ADRC Ministry of Health Taipei Veterans General Hospit... Inje Uni Uni Medical Center Hamburg-Epp... Academia Sinica USDA Dana Foundation ICMR DST, India Glenn Found. for Medical Resea... Research Institute of the Norw... RUSK Found. Althingi Pfizer CAPES Alz Assoc. Northern California Institute ... Korean Healthcare Technology R... Konkuk Uni Research Found. NSC National Cheng Kung Uni Hospital Found. of Hope FAEPA HCPA Shire Wyncote Found. CHDI American Australian Association Arizona Dept. of Health Services LOreal Fundacion Areces A Lance Armstrong Found. Sanofi Silvio O. Conte Center St. Jude Medical Inc. Kaohsiung Medical Uni Austrian Academy of Science DoH, Taiwan NHRI Taiwan INNT FINEP NIEHS Washington State Uni MIFAB Illinois Dept. of Public Healt... Robert A. Welch Found. Grant Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital Medice AFIP DFAPEMIG Ronald Philip Griffith Fellows... VicHealth ANU CONICYT Wake Forest Uni SCDDSN Abbott Otsuka Royal Society Wolfson Merit Aw... Singapore Millennium Found. Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang... Atomic Energy Council of Taiwan Mackay Memorial Hospital Ministry of Science Daimler Benz Found. (Germany) Borderline Personality Disorde... PAHO APIRE New York State through Office ... New South Wales Health Cancer Council of Victoria National Medical Research Coun... March of Dimes USA NRF AHAF Siemens Oregon Clinical and Translatio... Cancer Research Center of Exce... Fundacion Caja Madrid (Spain) Uni of Barcelona Bruce J. Anderson Found. Philips FAPERGS BMS WHO Novartis MJ Fox Foundation National Palliative Care Resea... SRI Queensland Dept. of Health Skaggs Institute for Chemical ... Found. Alfonso Martin Escudero Bill and Melinda Gates Found. Fidelity Found. Regional Ministry of Innovation Fondation Pierre Deniker China Medical Uni MHW Korea FIPE UK Epilepsy Research Found. AZ Fondazione IDEA Geelong Region Medical Researc... Roskilde County Autism Research Institute German Parkinsons Disease Asso... Regional Health Research Found... DFID Tel Aviv Uni AFOSR Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund Danish National Board of Health Taipei Medical Uni-Wan Fang Ho... Far Eastern Memorial Hospital Basque Govt. United Arab Emirates Uni Mutua Madrilena Found. Medical Uni of Vienna NIA Solvay Tri-service General Hospital F... Mayo Clinic Foundation Cyberonics Inc ISF Medivation Inc Uni of Sydney Aus Govt. Dept. Health Victorian State Govt. MC Research Capacity Building Grant Aalborg Psychiatric Hospital Austrian National Bank IG MooDS Parkinsons Disease Found. Uni of Bristol Lilly EFF Regione Autonoma della Sardegn... Taipei City Hospital Research American Psychoanalytic Associ... Israeli Ministry of Health Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharma Nepean Medical Research Found. Uni of Melbourne Baxter Bayer Monash Uni Neurosciences Victoria Norwegian Ministry of Health a... National Council for Mental He... Gottfried und Julia Bangerter-... Greek Ministry of Education Defense Science and Technology... Found. Banco di Sardegna Conchita Rabago Found. RETICS Lundbeck Jacobs Found. Switzerland Victorian Trauma Found. general The Mason Found. Helsefonden Theodore and Vada Stanley Found. Viertel Charitable Found. DAAD Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und H... Schwaabe SMRI Swiss Federal Office of Public... Autonomous Community of Madrid Fundacion Marques de Valdecilla Bristol-Myers Squibb Found. HDF ISOA Beckley Found. Robert C. Borwell Endowment Fund Aust. Rotary Health A*STAR Norwegian Directorate of Healt... USM Akershus Uni Hospital Community Pharmacy Found. Fundacion Marcelino Botin La Fundacio La Marato de TV3 ISAN Navarra Regional Govt. FWF MICINN EHDN Kempe Found. Human Frontiers Science Program Fundacion La Caixa Valeant Hertie Foundat FCT DFG APF Swiss Alzheimers Disease Assoc... ANZ Mason Foundation Uni of Adelaide Danish Research Council Western Norway Regional Health Norwegian Uni of Science and T... IDIAP jordi Gol CIBERER Uni of Rome IPA beyondblue Uni of Leeds UCB FONACIT Uni Hospital Basel Departament de Salut Plan Nac. Sobre Drogas CSIC AGAUR James S McDonnell Found. and Mental Health Victorian Health Promotion Fou... Woods Family Trust Victorian Neurotrauma Initiative Uni of Wollongong Norwegian Found. for Health an... Mission Interministerielle de ... Janssen Rockefeller Found. Sackler Found. KCL Fundacion Alicia Koplowitz DGPPN Ministry of Cultural Affairs CNPq Brazil GE-Healthcare Uni of Zurich Macquarie Group Found. Danish Health Insurance Fund Hunter Medical Research Instit... New South Wales Dept. of Healt... SENYFundaci / Fondation SENY HEC of Pakistan COST-Action Xunta de Galicia HDSA Norwegian Parkinson Disease As... Reckitt Benckiser Merck MNDRI Australia Neuroscience Research Australia Royal Brisbane and Womens Hosp... Ministry of Health of the Gene... Elite Graduate Network of Bava... Junta de Andalucia Swiss National Research Fund UPV-EHU Fritz-Thyssen-Stiftung Medtronic Queensland Health US Fulbright Fellowship ARC Takeda Colonial Found. Innlandet Hospital Trust resea... Ministry of Science Technology... CAM WT Eisai Wyeth Foundation of NIH ESRC UK Macquarie Uni ANZ Charitable Trust Uni of Bergen Fundacion Espanola de Psiquiat... Uni of the Basque Country Rolf-Dierichs-Stiftung Merz BMBF Flinders Uni Ramsay Health Care Australia Josef and Haldis Andresens Legat Helse Vest RHF PhD grant Spanish Govt. Alexander von Humboldt Researc... GdC Roche GSK GIF AR UK Uni of Muenster FES Fondazione Gaetano e Mafalda L... St. Patricks Uni Hospital Dublin Volkswagen Found. (Germany) CIEN MEC, Spain Ian Potter Found. Swedish Dept. of Higher Educat... South-East Norway Health Autho... Norwegian Council for Mental H... Consejeria de Salud de la Junt... Polish Academy of Sciences Kyung-Hee Uni MOSHE Poland MINECO Bial Found. Gulbenkian Found. FaHCSIA Olga Mayenfisch Found. Deakin Uni ASRB Social Ministry of the Federal... S-R Found. CIBERNED NHMRC Pratt Found. Uni of Queensland Uni of Newcastle RHA Dept. of Health of the Govt. o... ICREA Found. German National Academic Found. Swiss Federal Institute of Tec... Aachen Uni APA UK DH DVA Australian Govt. Wenner-Gren Found. Ludvig og Sara Elsass Found. Norwegian Womens Public Health... SFI National Heart Found. of Austr... Cancer Council NSW Royal Netherlands Academy of A... Gobierno de Navarra (Spain) Gates Cambridge Scholarship Tr... Uni of Essex state Govt. of Bavaria AFI EMBO NHS England Uni of Konstanz Singapore General Hospital Helen Macpherson Smith Trust J. O. and J. R. Wicking Trust Danish Medical Association Res... ARRS Loterie Romande CIPSM Uni of Iceland Velux Found. Switzerland Alzheimers Australia Hermann and Lilly Schilling Fo... Andalusian Govt. BHF UK German Max Planck Society MRC UK Parkinsons Disease Society UK Uni of New South Wales NRC Rebecca L. Cooper Medical Rese... Australian Brewers Found. Dutch Kidney Found. Centre of Excellence for Alzhe... Charles Uni in Prague Uni of Birmingham British Medical Association Action Medical Research (UK) PB Healthway APHCRI Czech Ministry of Education, Y... German Ministry of Health Conselleria de Sanidad FIS Unilever Liaison Committee Biomedical Research Council Alcohol Education and Rehabili... FKK Uni of Tromso Norwegian Institute of Public ... Ministry of the Health of the ... Helse Nord RHF EU Uni of London MIWFT Uni Mental Health Research Ins... Uni of Heidelberg Great Ormond Street Hospital C... Universitat Munchen OTKA HRB Procter and Gamble Pharmaceuti... Helmholtz Uni College London US Agency for Health Care Poli... South Australian Dept. of Health NSW Institute of Psychiatry Re... P1 vital Ltd Guys and St Thomas Charitable ... SNSF Augustinus Fonden Centre for Child and Adolescen... Health Dept. of the Basque Cou... Found. for Polish Science NSW Health CRUK Servier CSIRO Uni of Oslo Else Kroner-Fresenius-Stiftung... Free State of Saxony Schizophrenia Research Fund Newcastle Uni Uni Bochum BRACE Dementia Austin Hospital Medical Resear... Danish Medical Research Council Research Fund of the Central D... Agency of the Academy of Scien... Deutsche Krebshilfe Research F... Uni of Cambridge Uni of Singapore British Health and Safety Exec... Ludwig Maximilians Uni Uni of Jena ERDF Bavarian Ministry of Commerce Swiss Anorexia Nervosa Found. RCUK BioMarin UWA Danish National Psychiatric Re... Uni of Aarhus Consejeria de Educacion - Junt... Reina Sofia Found. Uni of Manchester Scottish Govt. Bernard Wolfe Health Neuroscie... Medical Uni of Lodz Uni of Rostock Psychiatry Research Trust Baily Thomas Charitable Fund Arthritis Research Campaign Big Lottery Fund American Epilepsy Society McCusker Found. Murdoch Childrens Research Ins... Egmont Found. John and Birthe Meyer Found. European Social Fund Dutch Medical Research Council Leenaards Found. Switzerland Charles Wolfson Charitable Trust Stifterverband fur die Deutsch... Uni of Lubeck Uni of Bonn Ministry of Science, Serbia Royal Society Brain Resource Stanley Center for Psychiatric... Ministry of High Education and... British Council Health Found. NIHR Young Investigator Award MIUR National Assembly for Wales HSE, Ireland Danish Ministry of the Interio... Estonian Ministry of Education... Sir Jules Thorn Charitable Trust Motor Neurone Disease Associat... UKs Ministry of Defence SIEF Danish Agency for Science Ivan Nielsens Found. Scottish Mental Health Researc... FAS Raine Found. for Medical Resea... Worzner Found. Tryg Fonden Berlin Brandenburgische Akadem... Hungarian Academy of Science Greek Ministry of Development Isaac Newton Trust Cambridge British Academy AusAID National MS-Society iDEA Health Insurance Found. German Cancer Aid BBSRC Uni of Aberdeen Waterloo Found. Dunhill Medical Trust Research Council of Lithuania Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Fo... Uni of Copenhagen DZNE Uni of Leipzig Alz. Society, UK Nuffield Found. Italian PRIN 2007 Komen Breast Cancer Found. Award Uni of Western Sydney Aase and Ejnar Danielsens Fund Landesstiftung Baden-Wurttemberg Hans und Ilse Breuer Stiftung Nutricia Research Found. EU Uni of Edinburgh ERAB Jack Brockhoff Foundation ISAO Krakow, Poland Hartmann Muller Found. WOS NOVO Nordisk Found. Women and Infants Research Fou... Danish Cancer Society Research... Danish Council for Independent... Prinses Beatrix Fonds EPSRC Australian National Institute ... Brain Research Trust Dagmar Marshalls Fund Neuroscience Research Charitab... UK Ministry of Justice Brain Exit Scholarship Uni of Ulm Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc Enterprise Ireland ERC Innovative Medicines Initiative Myer Found. Cancer Council of Queensland Swedish Prison and Probation S... GACR Leiden Uni Shirley Found. Uni of Nottingham Ulleval Uni Hospital Spanish Ministry of Social Aff... Robert Bosch Found. Gatsby Charitable Found. Estonian Science Found. Grant Uni of Rotterdam Norman Collisson Found. Curtin Uni of Technology Uni of Sheffield SRC Gerencia Regional de Salud de ... redIAPP Autistica Fondation Leducq Cambridge Overseas Trust Age UK Uni of Oxford Lundbeck Foundation Danish Heart Found. Danish Ministry of Health and ... Copenhagen Uni Hospital Danish Working Environment Res... Uni of Salamanca Hungarian Ministry of Health Action on Addiction NCCR Uni of Bologna PSP association Knut and Alice Wallenberg Found. HUBIN Project Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of ... Dutch Brain Association RIED RFBR VWS Copenhagen Council Research Fo... Danish Centre for Evaluation a... Romanian Ministry for Educatio... Institute of Psychiatry World Bank NHF WICN EPFL Uni of Amsterdam Royal College of Physicians/Du... Pears Found. Beckett-Found. Uni of Southampton WORD Welsh Assembly Govt. RAS Uni of Tasmania Novo Nordisk Swedish Society for Medical Re... A.P. Moller Found. Royal Swedish Academy of Scien... RIDE SINAPSE ECNP NEURODEM Cymru IRCSET Telethon Slovenian Ministry for research MS Society of Great Britain an... Netherlands Brain Found. UK International College of OC Sp... Conseil General des Alpes-Mari... Clothworkers Found. Swedish State Support for Clin... Comic Relief BUPA Found. Academy of Medical Sciences (UK) TAMOP, Hungary Muscular Dystrophy Campaign Uni of Glasgow Leverhulme Trust Mother and Child Found. Manchester Mental Health and S... Reta Lila Weston Trust for Med... Wallenberg Found. Stockholm Stress Centre Linkoping Uni Hospital AHRC UK Universities of Tubingen Hirnliga Amsterdam Brain Imaging Platform Research Councils UK Fellowship CIBM FRM Italian Ministry of Health Wolfson Trust Uni of Lausanne Shiraz Uni Soderstrom Konigska Found. Sahlgrenska Academy Swedish Parkinson Found. Czech Science Found. Henry Smith Charity & Epilepsy... Telstra Research Found. Hjarnfonden Christian Medical College Hersenstichting Mind Science Found. NPSA, UK Regione Lombardia Uni of Catania Bettencourt-Schueller Found. SIDA National Board of Forensic Med... Swedish Childrens Cancer Fund Glasgow Centre for Population ... La Sapienza Uni Fondation Jerome Lejeune (Fran... ESF SNF ALF Migraine Research Fund Alz. Foundation, Sweden German Federal Ministry for Fa... The Sophia Childrens Hospital ... RIVM AFM British Geriatrics Society Fondazione Cariplo Queensland Uni of Technology Swedish Childhood Cancer Society Handlanden Hjalmar Svenssons F... Society for Support of Researc... Dutch Ministry of Defence Municipality of Rotterdam NWO CVZ Greek State Scholarships Found. French Ministry of Education a... Uppsala Uni Norwegian Financing mechanism Scottish Funding Council Movement Disorder Society Karolinska Inst. Stiftelsen Gamla Tjanarinnor Swedish National Board for Hea... European Scientific Advisory B... Stichting tot Steun VCVGZ NeFF Center for Translational Molec... FNRS Bangor Uni Istituto Superiore di Sanita IRCCS Federazione Italians Giuoco Ca... Higher Education Funding Counc... Veneto Region AIRC VINNOVA Italian Institute of Technology European Federation of Neurolo... Bror Gadelius Fund Swedish National Institute of ... UK Health Protection Agency EFSD Sophia Found. for Medical Rese... Uni of Milan Universite de Strasbourg NPRI Queensland State Govt. ARSEP, France DCRC2 Adlerbertska Research Found. Stanley Thomas Johnson Found. WODC Diabetes UK Project Academy of Finland Swedish Brain Found. Swedish Brainpower Swiss Academy of Medical Scien... UK Centre for Tobacco Control ... CNCR Uni of Liege (Belgium) Organon FONDATION FYSSEN Imperial College London Thurings Found. Soderberg Found. Hjalmar Svenssons Found. Wilhelm and Martina Lundgren R... Dutch National Asthma Found. Dutch Top-Institute Pharma Vardal Research Found. Swedish federal Govt. Erasmus Uni Medical Centre DeNDRoN Cardiff Uni France Swedish Found. for Strategic R... Gun and Bertil Stohnes Stiftelse Netherlands Ministry of Educat... NCA Technology Strategy Board Gran... ECU La Trobe Uni Umea Uni Axel Linders Stiftelse Internationaal Parkinson Fonds... AnEUploidy project PHRC Sjobring Fund Svenska Lakaresallskapet Reta Lila Weston Institute for... Uni of Helsinki Fondation FondaMental The Nicol Found. Torsten och Ragnar Soderbergs ... Sir Charles Gardner Hospital Lund Uni Medical Research Council of so... Dutch Govt. NESDA Erasmus Medical Centre Progetto Fondazione Roma Uni of Cologne Dutch Diabetes Research Found. CNRS Uni of Padova Brain Found. Goteborg Medical Society Marta and Nicke Nasvell Found.... Fonds NutsOhra Innovatiefonds Zorgverzekeraars BBMRI -NL NISCHR CRC Fondazione CARIPARO AriSLA ACT Health NHR GGZ Rivierdumen Fonds Leon Fredericq INSERM ARC Carnegie Found. Kuopio Uni Hospital TUBITAK Sigrid Juselius Demensfonden Ake-Wiberg Found. Linnea and Josef Carlsson Found. Fonds Psychische Gezondheid Scottish Charity Uni of Oulu Sallskapet Bar-navard Alzheimer Nederland grant Social Sciences Council UPMC Regione-Piemonte FISM CNR Monzino Found.s Compagnia di San Paolo Torino ... Ingabritt and Arne Lundberg re... VU Amsterdam Stichting VUmc fonds K.U. Leuven Uni OZR SRA Finnish Found. for Alcohol Stu... Swedish Medical Society Swedish Psychiatry Found. Radboud Uni Nijmegen Medical C... Lentis Ghent Uni Hospital ANR Istanbul Uni Finnish Work Environment Fund NPRI FWO-V Nordic Centre of Excellence in... Gustav and Victoria Found. Skane county councils research... Netherlands Consortium for Hea... Uni of Groningen Stichting Dioraphte Flemish Govt. nEUROsyn Jeantet Found. VIB Association France-Alzheimer Italian Telethon Found. Biocenter Finland Albert Pahlsson Found. RNM AFA Insurance Company UNESCO Trimbos Institute NIVEL FIRB CNAMTS CogState Ltd Loo och Hans Ostermans Found. Bertil Hallstens Forskningssti... GGZ inGeest research Dept. IQ Healthcare Ipsen Dutch Cancer Society Fondazione Cariverona Tekes Swedish Royal Bank Tercentenni... Ahlens Found. Lindhaga Found. Slovak Ministry of Education Global Fund BELSPO AXA Research Fund Trolle-Wachtmeister Found. for... Arkin CHU Montpellier AfAR Uni of Eastern Finland Magnus Bergvall Found. Crafoord Found. Slovak Research and Developmen... GGZ Friesland SAO-FRMA Swedish Heart Lung Found. Canberra Hospital Specialists ... Universite Claude Bernard Lyon1 Regional Govt.s of Aquitaine cNEUPRO Austin Health Finnish Cultural Found. La Region Aquitaine Medical Research Found. Antwerp Uni of Paris MRES Uni of Bordeaux Jalmari and Rauha Ahokas Found. Solstickan Found. IWT Sapienza Uni of Rome Sweden Social Insurance Institution GGNet program Investissements davenir Uni of Torino Yrjo Jahnsson Found. EVO grant (Finland) Gillbergska Found. Royal Physiographic Society Conseils Regionaux dAquitaine ... Uni of Turku Polish State Committee for Sci... VSB Fonda ENGAGE project UniGe FORSS KI Found.s Health Committee, Vastra Gotal... Gothenburg Dental Society NHG VEGA Neurosearch Uni Hospital of Strasbourg FMRE Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Found. Finnish-Swedish Medical Associ... GGZ Drenthe FRC IREB Lars Hierta Memorial Found. Stiftelsen Psykiatriska Forskn... Conseil Regional Aquitaine AFSSAPS MGEN Eli Lilly Research Found. Juho Vainio Found. Finnish Medical Found. Emil Aaltonen Found. Research Found. for the Orion ... GGZ Mental Health Institute Utrecht Uni Stiftelsen Olle Engkvist Byggm... First of May Annual Flower Cam... Ente Cassa di Risparmio Wyeth Found. Ella and Georg Ehrnrooth Found. Regione Toscana Health Authority EuroBiobank Ministry of Social Affairs and... GGZ Buitenamstel-Geestgronden Medical Found. Queen Elisabeth Found. Orange Sven-Jerring Fond Found. Fondation Plan Alzheimer City of Kuopio Fondazione Mariani Progetto Regione Lombardia Tehran University of Medical S... Thomas Riellaerts research fund Psychiatric Association of Tur... La Fondation de France Estonian Govt. EMGO + Institute for Health an... Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio Ing. Cesare Cusan Regione Piemonte Paivikki and Sakari Sohlberg F... SBIC Region Ile-de-France Region Rhone-Alpes (France) Uni of Ferrara Finnish Diabetes Research Fund THL, Finland Jenny and Antti Wihuri Found. ... Finnish National Graduate Scho... Region Nord-Pas de Calais (Fra... IMPRT EDF-GDF Institut Pasteur Lille Stichting Johanna KinderFonds Paulo Found. Finnish Found. for Pediatric R... Finnish Ministry of Education ... GGZinGeest Uni of Antwerp Uni of Lille College de France FRM Found. Finnish Medical Society Dutch Alzheimers Society CIDA Tampere Uni Pirkanmaa Hospital District Re... The Helsinki Biomedical Gradua... Dutch MS Research Found. Association pour la Recherche ... Uni of Tampere Dept. of Pharmaceutical Scienc... Maastricht Uni LUMC LECMA Council of Region Burgundy Paavo Nurmi Found. Programma Strategico Finnish Found. for Cardiovascu... GGZ De Grote Rivieren Association France Parkinson Uni of Padua Finska LAkaresAllskapet Brain Found. (The Netherlands) La Fondation pour la Recherche... Conseil General de la Gironde Finlands Slot Machine Associat... Finnish Dental Society Finnish National Graduate Scho... Scientific Fund W. Gepts UZ Br... Associazione per la Ricerca su... Maire Tapola Found. Alma and K.A. Snellman Found. Altrecht Ingeest Associazione Amici del Centro ... Folkhalsan Research Found. Finnish Child Psychiatric Rese... Dijk en Duin Rivierduinen Academic Psychiatric Center AMC Arvo and Lea Ylppo Found. Tampere Tuberculosis Found. Ligue contre le Cancer GGZ Eindhoven Prins Clauscentrum Sittard GGZ Noord Holland Noord Gis - Maladies rares Samfundet Folkhalsan in Finland GGZ Midden-Brabant Mondriaan Zorggroep Meerkanten RIAGG Roermond RIAGG Amersfoort PZ Sancta Maria Sint-Truiden PC Ziekeren Sint-Truiden Dimence OPZ Rekem GGZ Noord- Midden Limburg Universitair Centrum Sint-Joze... Maastricht: GGZ Overpelt GGZ Oost-Brabant Hong Kong Polytechnic Uni Table 1: Top 15 most frequently acknowledged funders globally

Funder No. of Location Sector Proportion papers of papers 1 US National Institutes of Health (NIH) 16716 USA Government 15% 2 National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) 10081 USA Government 9% 3 National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) 6231 USA Government 6% 4 National Institute on Aging (NIA) 5266 USA Government 5% 5 Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) 4701 Canada Government 4% 6 Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) 4387 USA Government 4% 7 National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) 4033 Australia Government 4% 8 European Commission 4021 EU Government 4% 9 National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 3836 China Government 3% 10 UK Medical Research Council (MRC UK) 3503 UK Government 3% 11 Brain and Behavior Research Foundation (NARSAD) 3281 USA Charity/Foundation/Non-profit 3% 12 Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research (NWO) 3112 Netherlands Government 3% 13 National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) 3062 UK Government 3% 14 National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) 2887 USA Government 3% 15 Wellcome Trust 2434 UK Charity/Foundation/Non-profit 2%

Funding acknowledgements are collated at the most specific funding agency level available. Notably, many papers do not acknowledge a specific NIH institute.

What do they fund? What opportunities and challenges might the future hold? • The three clinical conditions with the most papers were • Funders of mental health research anticipate future or neurodegenerative and cognition disorders; depressive, continuing challenges related to: the diversity of the anxiety and personality disorders; and substance use field; difficulty in maintaining funding levels; and the and addictive disorders. Together, papers on these translation of research into practice. topics comprised 61 per cent of all papers in the • Opportunities identified by mental health research dataset. funders include: increasing collaboration; develop- • Mental health research is loosely defined as a field. ing shared definitions; capitalising on government The majority of mental health research funders we priorities; developing a key role for non-governmental looked at in depth did not have an explicit definition funders; and the advance of technology. for mental health. Conclusions How do the funders relate to one another? By using a bottom-up approach, we identified a number • The overall network of co-acknowledgement is shown of funders who would have been unlikely to appear in a in Figure 1, which illustrates the complex web of global top-down analysis of ‘traditional’ mental health research funding. Funders are coloured in clusters according funders. In a loosely defined field where funders tend not to to their level of co-acknowledgement, so highly con- define what counts as mental health, we were able to draw nected funders will be the same colour. The fact that on a single standardised data source to map the support for colours often align with national boundaries shows mental health research across the world. that there is more co-funding within, rather than We cross-analysed funding acknowledgements with between, countries. a range of key variables for each paper, including topic, • Papers acknowledging not-for-profit funders tended to country, co-authors and number of citations. Our analysis have a higher citation impact than papers acknowledg- provides a unique resource to help mental health research ing support from funders in other sectors. funders identify potential collaborators working ‘in their space’, and help them coordinate their efforts.

This brief describes work documented in A. Pollitt, G. Cochrane, A. Kirtley, J. Krapels, V. Larivière, C. Lichten, S. Parks, S. Wooding. Project Ecosystem: A global map of mental health research funding. RAND Report RR-1271-GBF (for more see www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1271). To view this brief online, visit www.rand.org/pubs/research_briefs/RB9913. RAND Europe is a not-for-profit organisation whose mission is to help improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND Europe’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. R® is a registered trademark.

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